川东北地区深部地层异常压力成因与定量预测
|
摘要
川东北复杂勘探区,由于受多期构造运动影响,造成了深部地层致密碳酸盐岩高压,直接关系到钻井、人身、财产安全,致使勘探难度增大。围绕着川东北地区深部碳酸盐岩地层孔隙压力计算这个难题,本文综合利用地质、地球物理、分析化验、测试等资料,应用石油地质理论、钻井工程技术为指导,从地质模型建立、压力分布特征、气藏特征、孔隙及裂缝气藏压力成因机制、压力预测及现场监测等几个方面,对川东北普光和毛坝地区的压力机制进行了系统分析和定量计算。
通过开展压力背景下的地质建模及沉积相模型与地层压力分布关系的研究,认为海相碳酸盐岩地层中受沉积相带控制的特殊储集层的发育,对压力分布具有重要的影响;区分了孔隙型气藏、裂缝性气藏的不同压力特征,台地边缘礁滩孔隙性气藏多为“常压”特征;陆棚、开阔台地等相区多发育裂缝型气藏,呈“超压”特征;利用地质手段,对研究区进行了压力计算模拟,建立了压力的三维空间分布,模拟结果与实测压力数据相比,趋势吻合。
碳酸盐岩异常高压形成机制复杂,地层压力是由烃类裂解、构造挤压作用造成的应力累计为主,因沉积背景、岩石类型和物理性质的差异、热化学硫酸盐还原作用(TSR)的不同,等多种作用叠加控制了现今压力特征。研究认为原油裂解成天然气使该地区地层古压力明显增大,形成超压;具体到普光地区,存在TSR反应、构造抬升等泄压机制从而形成常压;而毛坝地区高压、超高压是由于该地区在晚燕山期和喜山期遭受强烈的构造作用,加之储层主要发育为裂缝性灰岩(白云岩),由于裂缝受压的自封闭性特点导致超压很难泄载,这是造成毛坝地区深部储层超压的主要因素。
通过对沉积背景和异常压力的成因分析基础上,认为有效应力能反映碳酸盐岩地层孔隙压力变化情况。基于横波速度对地层是否含气的敏感性,建立了纵横波速比和有效应力的指数关系,对建立适用于深部碳酸盐岩孔隙压力预测计算方法进行了有益的探讨。
未探明地质条件下的深部地层,因受地震资料分辨率影响,压力预测结果往往不能满足工程应用,因此压力的随钻监测尤为重要。本文提出的地层压力随钻监测新方法的理论基础是机械钻速方程,该方程是依据岩石破碎比能的概念和岩石可钻性级值的定义,结合室内实验条件数据,考虑钻头有效嘴水功率和压差对机械钻速影响建立的。
In complex exploration area in Northeast,due to multi-tectonic movement,resulted in deep dense carbonate rock strata exists high pressure,it is directly related to drilling, personal and property security, resulting in exploration difficult. To solve the problem of deep carbonate formation pore pressure calculation in northeast region, integrated with geological, geophysical, analysis and test, using petroleum geology, drilling technology guidance, studying on the geological model, the pressure distribution gas reservoir characteristics, pore and crack formation mechanism of gas reservoir pressure, pressure prediction, and on-site monitoring ,we do a system analysis and a quantitative analysis on pressure mechanism in Puguang and Mao dam area of the Northeast Sichuan .
Study the geological modeling under the background of pressure,discuss the relationship between sedimentation model and distribution of formation pressure: it is considered that the development of special reservoir strata controlled by sedimentary facies from marine carbonate formation has an important effect on the distribution of pressure,the paper has distinguished the different characteristics of pressure between porous gas pools and fractured gas pools. Porous gas pools of platform edge shallow facies show the“normal pressure”, continental shelf and open platform have mainly developed in fractured gas pools ,and show“excess pressure”. Using the methods of geology ,computer simulation for the pressure in the study area, establish a three-dimensional space distribution of stress, and the simulation results compared with the measured pressure data, the trend consistent.
The formation mechanism of Carbonatite’s overpressure is very complicated. Strata pressure is caused by hydrocarbon cracking and tectonic compression that is mainly cumulative stress. Because of depositional setting, rock types, and different physical characteristics and effect of thermo chemical sulfate reduction(TSR), variety of roles mix to control today’s pressure characteristics.It has studied that crude oil cracked gas to increase strata pressure obviously and caused high pressure. Specific to the puguang area, existing pressure relief mechanism such as thermochemical sulfate reduction, tectonic uplift and so on , Thus forming atmospheric pressure. While high pressure and overpressure is caused by strong tectonic compression in late stage of Yanshan and Himalayan in Mao dam area,and reservoir mainly developed for the fractured reservoir limestone (dolomite) , because of strong self-enclosed of fracture,overpressure will not release easily,so this is the main factor which caused high pressure of deep reservoir in mao dam area.
On the base of sedimentary background and causes of abnormal pressure analysis, it is known that the effective stress is able to reflect the changes of carbonate formation rock pore pressure. This depends on Vertical and horizontal velocity ratio and effective stress of high-index, and we do a helpful discuss related to design procedure for deep pore pressure prediction.
Deep stratum of not-proven formation conditions pressure calculation result often cannot meet the engineering application due to seismic resolution , so the pressure with monitor drilling is particularly important.In this paper , the equation is based on the concept of broken rock and definition of rock drillability value, combined with the level of indoor experiment data and considering influnce of the effective mouth power of the bit and differential pressure on the penetration rate.
通过开展压力背景下的地质建模及沉积相模型与地层压力分布关系的研究,认为海相碳酸盐岩地层中受沉积相带控制的特殊储集层的发育,对压力分布具有重要的影响;区分了孔隙型气藏、裂缝性气藏的不同压力特征,台地边缘礁滩孔隙性气藏多为“常压”特征;陆棚、开阔台地等相区多发育裂缝型气藏,呈“超压”特征;利用地质手段,对研究区进行了压力计算模拟,建立了压力的三维空间分布,模拟结果与实测压力数据相比,趋势吻合。
碳酸盐岩异常高压形成机制复杂,地层压力是由烃类裂解、构造挤压作用造成的应力累计为主,因沉积背景、岩石类型和物理性质的差异、热化学硫酸盐还原作用(TSR)的不同,等多种作用叠加控制了现今压力特征。研究认为原油裂解成天然气使该地区地层古压力明显增大,形成超压;具体到普光地区,存在TSR反应、构造抬升等泄压机制从而形成常压;而毛坝地区高压、超高压是由于该地区在晚燕山期和喜山期遭受强烈的构造作用,加之储层主要发育为裂缝性灰岩(白云岩),由于裂缝受压的自封闭性特点导致超压很难泄载,这是造成毛坝地区深部储层超压的主要因素。
通过对沉积背景和异常压力的成因分析基础上,认为有效应力能反映碳酸盐岩地层孔隙压力变化情况。基于横波速度对地层是否含气的敏感性,建立了纵横波速比和有效应力的指数关系,对建立适用于深部碳酸盐岩孔隙压力预测计算方法进行了有益的探讨。
未探明地质条件下的深部地层,因受地震资料分辨率影响,压力预测结果往往不能满足工程应用,因此压力的随钻监测尤为重要。本文提出的地层压力随钻监测新方法的理论基础是机械钻速方程,该方程是依据岩石破碎比能的概念和岩石可钻性级值的定义,结合室内实验条件数据,考虑钻头有效嘴水功率和压差对机械钻速影响建立的。
In complex exploration area in Northeast,due to multi-tectonic movement,resulted in deep dense carbonate rock strata exists high pressure,it is directly related to drilling, personal and property security, resulting in exploration difficult. To solve the problem of deep carbonate formation pore pressure calculation in northeast region, integrated with geological, geophysical, analysis and test, using petroleum geology, drilling technology guidance, studying on the geological model, the pressure distribution gas reservoir characteristics, pore and crack formation mechanism of gas reservoir pressure, pressure prediction, and on-site monitoring ,we do a system analysis and a quantitative analysis on pressure mechanism in Puguang and Mao dam area of the Northeast Sichuan .
Study the geological modeling under the background of pressure,discuss the relationship between sedimentation model and distribution of formation pressure: it is considered that the development of special reservoir strata controlled by sedimentary facies from marine carbonate formation has an important effect on the distribution of pressure,the paper has distinguished the different characteristics of pressure between porous gas pools and fractured gas pools. Porous gas pools of platform edge shallow facies show the“normal pressure”, continental shelf and open platform have mainly developed in fractured gas pools ,and show“excess pressure”. Using the methods of geology ,computer simulation for the pressure in the study area, establish a three-dimensional space distribution of stress, and the simulation results compared with the measured pressure data, the trend consistent.
The formation mechanism of Carbonatite’s overpressure is very complicated. Strata pressure is caused by hydrocarbon cracking and tectonic compression that is mainly cumulative stress. Because of depositional setting, rock types, and different physical characteristics and effect of thermo chemical sulfate reduction(TSR), variety of roles mix to control today’s pressure characteristics.It has studied that crude oil cracked gas to increase strata pressure obviously and caused high pressure. Specific to the puguang area, existing pressure relief mechanism such as thermochemical sulfate reduction, tectonic uplift and so on , Thus forming atmospheric pressure. While high pressure and overpressure is caused by strong tectonic compression in late stage of Yanshan and Himalayan in Mao dam area,and reservoir mainly developed for the fractured reservoir limestone (dolomite) , because of strong self-enclosed of fracture,overpressure will not release easily,so this is the main factor which caused high pressure of deep reservoir in mao dam area.
On the base of sedimentary background and causes of abnormal pressure analysis, it is known that the effective stress is able to reflect the changes of carbonate formation rock pore pressure. This depends on Vertical and horizontal velocity ratio and effective stress of high-index, and we do a helpful discuss related to design procedure for deep pore pressure prediction.
Deep stratum of not-proven formation conditions pressure calculation result often cannot meet the engineering application due to seismic resolution , so the pressure with monitor drilling is particularly important.In this paper , the equation is based on the concept of broken rock and definition of rock drillability value, combined with the level of indoor experiment data and considering influnce of the effective mouth power of the bit and differential pressure on the penetration rate.
引文
[1]刘振武,方朝亮.21世纪初中国油气关键技术展望[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,60-61.
[2] Haldorsen H, Damsleth R. Stochastic modeling[J]. JPT, 1990, 42(4): 404-412.
[3]Fertl,W.H.,1976.Abnormal Formation pressures[J],Elsevier,Amsterdam,382.
[4]Dwight H. Bingham. Petroleum and natural gas Developments in Arkansas-Louisiana-Texas area, 1936-37.AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1937; 21: 1068 - 1073.
[5]Louis O. Vidrine.Production potential of deep Miocene rocks in southeastern Louisiana.AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1971; 55: 227 - 240.
[6]Paul E. Pennebaker.Vertical Net Sandstone Determination for Isopach Mapping of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs.AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1972; 56: 1520 - 1529.
[7]王健安.科学钻井继往开来──为地矿部石油钻井研究所成立卅周年而作[J].石油钻探技术,1995(02):3-7.
[8]罗晓容,张立强等.东营凹陷南斜坡油气运移及成藏动力学模拟[R].中科院地质与地球物理研究所.2004.
[9]李忠权,陈更生,郭冀义等.准噶尔盆地南缘西部地层异常高压基本地质特征[J].石油实验地质.2001.23(1):47-51.
[10]罗晓容,肖立新等..准噶尔盆地南缘中段异常压力分布及影响因素[J].地球科学中国地质大学学报.2004.7.29(4):404-413.
[11]张勇刚.准噶尔盆地中央坳陷异常压力研究[J].新疆石油学院学报,2003,15(4):26-29.
[12]徐国盛,刘树根等编著.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学[M].北京:地质出版社.2005.5.
[13]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探. 1996, 31(4): 575-586.
[14]唐建侯,邓富求.四川碳酸盐岩区地震横波分裂与各向异性[J].石油物探. 1993, 32(2): 56-61.
[15]巫盛洪,李志荣,邓瑛等.沿层地震属性分析技术在川东北鲕滩储层研究中的应用[J].南方油气,2004,27(2):45-48.
[16]唐建侯,邓富求.四川碳酸盐岩区地震横波分裂与各向异性[J].石油物探. 1993,32(2): 56-61.
[17]许浚远,彭大钧.围压对构造裂缝孔隙度的重要影响[J].石油学报. 1995, 16(3): 44-47.
[18]蔡正旗,刘云鹤.确定碳酸盐岩油气层有效孔隙度下限值的新方法[J].西南石油学院学报. 1993, 15(1): 10-15.
[19]游章隆,陈心胜.川东北部香溪群的地震相和有利储层展布[J].成都理工学院学报. 1994, 21(2): 42-50.
[20]Ward C D,Coghill K,Broussard M D.The Application of Petrophysical Data to Improve Pore and Fracture Pressure Determination in North sea Central Graben HPHT Wells,SPE 69th Annual Technical Conference,Houston,TX,1994[C],SPE 28297:53-68.
[21] Chown E, Chown E,等. Petrologic and Geochemical Characteristics and Origin of Gusui Cherts,Guangdong Province,China[J].中国地球化学学报:英文版. 1994, 13(2): 118-131.
[22]马永生.四川盆地普光超大型气田的形成机制[J].石油学报.2007.28(2):1～14.
[23]张纪喜.普光地区二叠-三叠系地质模型研究[D].硕士学位论文.中国石油大学(华东),2009.
[24]李仲东.川东地区碳酸盐岩超压与天然气富集关系研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(4):53-58.
[25]王越之.测井资料检测地层压力的方法及其新发展.大自然探索[M],1997,60(16):77-80.
[26]罗晓容,杨计海,王振峰.盆地内渗透性地层超压形成机制及钻前压力预测[J].地质论评.2000.46(1):22-31.
[27]罗晓容,张立强等.沾化凹陷泥岩压实及地层压力演化研究与泥质岩油藏的形成[R].中科院地质与地球物理研究所.2001.
[28]刘斌,贝东.异常地层压力数学模型的建立[J].天然气地球科学,1995,1(6):34.
[29]Karl Terzaghi.Discussion of 'Sedimentation of Fraser River delta, British Columbia'[J], by W. H. Mathews and F. P. Shepard (1962)].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1962; 46: 1438 - 1443.
[30]Marion King Hubbert.Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions[J].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1953; 37: 1954 - 2026.
[31]Clemont H. Bruce.Pressured Shale and Related Sediment Deformation; mechanism for Development of Regional Contemporaneous Faults[J].AAPG Bulletin, May 1973; 57: 878– 886.
[32]付俊林,Donaldson E. C.利用毛管压力曲线分析生产井的地层损害[J].国外油田工程. 2002, 18(5): 25-28.
[33] Magara K.,李乐中.含油气盆地中石油聚集的有效性[J].国外地质(成都). 1993(2): 56-62.
[34]T. D. Cook.Exploration history of South Texas Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1979; 63: 32 - 49.
[35]P. E. Gretener and C. D. Curtis.Role of temperature and time on organic metamorphism[J].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1982; 66: 1124 - 1149.
[36]Charles W. Spencer.Hydrocarbon generation as a mechanism for overpressuring in Rocky Mountain region[J].AAPG Bulletin, Apr 1987; 71: 368 - 388.
[37]杜栩,郑洪印,焦秀琼.异常压力与油气分布[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3-4):137-147.
[38]翟盼盼.普光地区二叠-三叠系地层压力分布特征研究[D].硕士学位论文.中国石油大学(华东),2009.
[39]刘晓峰,解习农.储层超压流体系统的成因机制述评[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(3):55-60.
[40]王震亮,孙明亮,耿鹏等.准南地区异常压力发育特征及形成机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):32-34.
[41]胡海燕.超压的成因及其对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(1),99-102.
[42]刘宝宪.异常压力的成因及其与油气运聚的关系[D].西北大学.
[43]刘晓峰.评述异常压力研究中的石油地质学新思想[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(2):245-250.
[44]李志,窦立荣,艾小兰.异常高压与油气的生成[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):28-30.
[45][美]史蒂文W.波斯顿,罗伯特R.伯格.异常高压油气藏[M].冉新权,李汝勇,译.北京石油工业出版社,2003,5-27.
[46]Colin Barker, Brian Horsfield, and Richard E. Chapman.Mechanical versus thermalcause of abnormally high pore pressures in shales[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1982; 66: 99 - 102.
[47]Kinji Magara.Reevaluation of Montmorillonite Dehydration as Cause of Abnormal Pressure and Hydrocarbon Migration[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1975; 59: 292 - 302.
[48]陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,陈建军.酒东盆地营尔凹陷油气生成和运移聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,1995(06):1-7.
[49]E.C.Donaldson,付俊林,唐丹,贾振岐.利用毛管压力曲线分析生产井的地层损害[J].国外油田工程,2002(05):25-28.
[50]马启明等.超压盆地与油气分布[M ].北京:地质出版社, 2000.
[51]张启明,董伟良.中国含油气盆地中的超压体系[J ].石油学报, 2000, 21 (6) : 1～11.
[52]蒋有录,常振恒,鲁雪松,武晓玲.东濮凹陷古近系凝析气藏成因类型及其分布特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(5):28-34.
[53]马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄.四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):858-865.
[54] BarkerC.1990.Caleulated volume and Pressure ehanges during the thermal cracking of oil to gas inreservoirs[J] .AAPG Bulletin,74(9):1254-1261.
[55]徐士林,吕修祥.杨明慧等.库车坳陷膏盐岩对异常高压保存的控制作用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版).2004.7.19(4):5-9.
[56]王东旭,曾溅辉,宫秀梅.膏盐岩层对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球学.2005.6.16(3):329-333.
[57]黄籍中.四川盆地两类两大套油系煤系烃源异同与大中型气田形成[J].天然气勘探与开发,1998,21(4):1-12.
[58]William L. Russell.Pressure-Depth Relations in Appalachian Region[J].AAPG Bulletin, Mar 1972; 56: 528 - 536.
[59]夏新宇,宋岩.抬升及沉降过程中温度对流体压力的影响[J].石油勘探开发.2001,28(3):8-11.
[60]Douglas W. Waples, John M. Hunt, Jozsef Toth, M. D. Maccagno, C. J. Otto, and B. J. Rostron.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments; discussion and reply[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1991; 75: 326 - 338.
[61]John M. Hunt.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressuredfluid compartments[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1990; 74: 1-12.
[62]庞雄奇,金之钧.油气藏动力学成历模式与分类[J].地学前缘. 2000, 7(4): 507-514.
[63]邹华耀,郝芳,蔡勋育.沉积盆地异常低压与低压油气藏成藏机理综述[J].地质科技情报. 2003, 22(2): 45-50.
[64]刘晓峰,解习农.储层超压流体系统的成因机制评述[J].地质科技情报.2003.22(3):55-60.
[65]解习农,李思田,刘晓峰著.异常压力盆地流体动力学[M].中国地质大学出版社.2006.
[66]夏新宇,宋岩,等.构造抬升对地层压力的影响及克拉2气田异常压力成因[J].天然气工业. 2001, 21(1): 30-34.
[67]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报. 2006, 80(11): 1752-1759.
[68]褚庆忠.异常压力形成机制研究综述[J].天然气勘探与开发. 2001, 24(4): 38-46.
[69]杜春国,郝芳.川东北宣汉-达县地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复[J].煤田地质与勘探.2006.34(4):1-5.
[70]朱光有,张水昌等.川东北飞仙关组高含H2S气藏特征与TSR对烃类的消耗作用[J].沉积学报,2006,24(2):300-308.
[71]胡明,邓绍强.川东北地区构造应力场及与油气运移关系研究[J].特种油气藏.2008.15(3):14-19.
[72]何建坤,卢华夏,张庆龙.南大巴山冲断构造及其剪切挤压动力学机制[J].高校地质学报.1997.3(4):419-4291.
[73]郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉等.四川盆地形成与演化[M].北京:地质出版社.1994:4201.
[74]蒋有录,张乐,鲁雪松等.基于ANSYS的应力场模拟在库车坳陷克拉苏地区的初步应用[J].天然气工业.2005.4:42-44.
[75]宋胜利,吴田忠,邹峰梅等.ANSYS曲壳模型计算复杂断块现今地应力场[J].石油钻采工艺.2004.26(5):13-15.
[76]孟庆山,汪稔.碳酸盐岩的声波特性研究及其应用[J].中国岩溶.2005.24(4):344-348.
[77]佟彦明.胶莱盆地莱阳期古构造应力场分析及模拟[J].大庆石油地质与开发. 2007, 26(1): 6-9.
[78]蒋有录,张一伟,冉隆辉,路中侃.川东地区志留系—石炭系含气系统天然气运移聚集机理[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(1):25-30.
[79]龚永喜.利用随钻声波测量工具检测异常高压地层[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集[c].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[80]Alberto Malinverno, Colin M. Sayers, Marta J.Woodward, and Robert C. Bartman,”Integrating Diverse Measurements to Predict Pore Pressure With UncertaintiesWhile Drilling”SPE paper 90001, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Houston, Texas, U.S.A., 26–29 September 2004.
[81]艾池,冯福平,李洪伟.地层压力预测技术现状及发展趋势[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(6):71-76.
[82]祖峰,张宗林,丰全会等.异常地层压力检测和预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(1):35-38.
[83]秦绪英,肖立志,索佰峰.随钻测井技术最新进展及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(4):313-322.
[84]陈恭洋,何鲜,刘树明,等.千米桥碳酸盐岩古潜山裂缝预测[J].中国石油勘探. 2003, 8(3): 84-86, 91.
[85]张殿强,李联玮.地质录井方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,138-178.
[86]苏义脑,刘岩生.科学探索井地层压力计算[J].石油学报,2001,22(1):78-82.
[87]吴龙斌,刘树坤.随钻地层压力检测技术在石油勘探中的应用[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集(第二辑)[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[88]张殿强,李联玮.地质录井方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,138-178.
[89]李新宁,李留中,徐向阳等.异常地层压力的形成原因及预测方法[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(2):120-126.
[90]Warren A. Cebell and George V. Chilingarian.Some Data on Compressibility and Density Anomalies in Halloysite, Hectorite, and Illite Clays[J].AAPG Bulletin, Apr 1972; 56: 796 - 802.
[91]T. W. Grisafi, H. H. Rieke, and D. R. Skidmore.Approximation of Geothermal Gradients in Northern West Virginia Using Bottom-Hole Temperatures from ElectricLogs[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1974; 58: 321 - 323.
[92]高德利.复杂地质条件下深井超深井钻井技术[M],石油工业出版社,2004.11,isbn 7-5021-4775-6:8-9.
[93] (美)G.V.奇林格等著,赵文智,柳广弟等译,异常地层压力成因与预测[M],石油工业出版社,2004.9.
[94]高德利.复杂地质条件下深井超深井钻井技术[M],石油工业出版社,2004.11,isbn 7-5021-4775-6:10.
[95]Dutta, N.C., 2002, Geopressure Detection Using Reflection Seismic Data and Rock Physics Principles:Methodology and Case Hisories From Deepwater Tertiary Clastic Basins: SPE, 77820.
[96]左星,龚荣佳,李薇等.地层孔隙压力的灰色预测及应用[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(2):84-86.
[97]Eaton, B. A.,“The equation for geopressure prediction from well logs,”paper SPE 5544 presented at the 1975 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Sept.28-Oct. 1.
[98]云美厚.地震地层压力预测.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4),575-587.
[99]Bowers, G. L.,“Pore pressure estimation from velocity data:Accounting for overpressure mechanisms besides undercompaction,”SPE Drilling & Completion (June 1995) 89.
[100]樊洪海.利用声速检测欠压实泥岩异常高压的简易方法与应用[J].石油钻探技术, 2001,29(3):9-11.
[101]樊洪海.地层孔隙压力预测检测新方法研究[D]:博士学位论文.北京:石油大学, 2001.
[102]AlnaR.Huffman.周秀斌译.应用地质方法预测孔隙压力[J].国外油田工程,2001,17(11):19-21.
[103]石广仁,郭秋麟,李惠芬等.一维盆地模拟系统BAD1[J].石油勘探与开发.1989.16(6):1-11.
[104]卢庆治,郭彤楼,胡圣标.川东北地区热流史及成烃史研究[J].新疆石油地质.2006.27(5):549-551.
[105]Jean du Rouchet.Stress fields, a key to oil migration[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1981;65: 74 - 85.
[106]Gary G. Lash and Terry Engelder.An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: Example from the Catskill delta complex[J].AAPG Bulletin, Nov 2005; 89: 1433 - 1449.
[107]马永生,牟传龙等.关于开江—梁平海槽的认识[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):326-331.
[108]秦建中,付小东,腾格尔.川东北宣汉—达县地区三叠—志留系海相优质烃源层评价[J].石油试验地质.2008.8.30(4):367-374.
[109]马永生,傅强,郭彤楼.川东北地区普光气田长兴—飞仙关气藏成藏模式与成藏过程[J].石油实验地.2005.27(5):455-461.
[110]马永生,牟传龙,郭旭升等.川东北达县-宣汉地区飞仙关组沉积相与储层特征[J].石油学报,2005,28(2):726-731.
[111]蒋海军,李荣.裂缝性储层应力敏感性实验研究[J].石油钻探技术. 2000, 28(6): 32-33.
[112]蒋海军,鄢捷年.裂缝性储集层应力敏感性实验研究[J].特种油气藏. 2000, 7(3): 39-41, 46.
[113]孙妥,林万象.围限压力下的孔隙度,渗透率及其在储气岩评价中的意义[J].石油实验地质. 1993, 15(4): 404-413.
[114]彭真明,肖慈珣,杨斌,王斌.地震、测井联合预测地层压力的方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探2004,35(2):170-174.
[115]刘吉.用地震资料预测地层压力方法总结[J].科技信息,2007,16:161.
[116]Folke Engelmark, Improved Pore-Pressure Prediction and Mechanical Earth Model Estimation Through Binary Decomposition of Seismic Inversion Data in Subresolution Clastic Sequences, SPE 90925, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Houston, Texas, U.S.A., 26–29 September 2004.
[117]孙建国.勘探地球物理技术新进展-2002年SEG年会综述II:解释与压力预测[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(2):148-159.
[118]王越之,韩永友,谢慧华.提高地震资料预测地层孔隙压力精度的方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(2):13-15.
[119]郭君,高建国,李西等.辽东湾北部地层压力预测及生压机制分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2005,30(1):5-9.
[120]祖峰,张宗林,丰全会,樊洪海.异常地层压力检测和预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(1):35-39.
[121]樊洪海.适于检测砂泥岩地层孔隙压力的综合解释方法[J].石油勘探与开发, 2002,29(1):90-92.
[122]陈永明.压差校正可提高d指数地层压力检测精度[J].钻采工艺,1994,17(4):25-28.
[123]左星,何世明,黄桢等.泥页岩地层孔隙压力的预测方法[J].断块油气田,2007,14(1):24-26.
[124]高温高压气井随钻地层压力检测方法研究[J],石油钻采工艺,2005,27(3) 18-21.
[125]郭金荣.他拉哈地区地层孔隙压力及破裂压力预测技术研究[Z].2006.
[126]吴文佳,韦远发.崖城21-1-4井随钻异常地层压力监测与分析[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集[c].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[127]张伯文,王程忠,董振国.塔北深探井地层压力预测检测技术及应用[J].西部探矿工程,2000,2:68-69.
[128]王彦祺.标准化钻速法检测地层压力技术的改进与应用[J].钻采工艺,1998,21(6):16-19.
[129]S. G. Sarkisyan, M. A. Politykina, and G. V. Chilingarian.Effect of Postsedimentation Processes on Carbonate Reservoir Rocks in Volga-Urals Region[J], USSR.AAPG Bulletin, Jul 1973; 57: 1305 - 1313.
[130]刘文.欠平衡钻井地层压力预测研究[D].大庆石油学院硕士学位论文.2002.
[2] Haldorsen H, Damsleth R. Stochastic modeling[J]. JPT, 1990, 42(4): 404-412.
[3]Fertl,W.H.,1976.Abnormal Formation pressures[J],Elsevier,Amsterdam,382.
[4]Dwight H. Bingham. Petroleum and natural gas Developments in Arkansas-Louisiana-Texas area, 1936-37.AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1937; 21: 1068 - 1073.
[5]Louis O. Vidrine.Production potential of deep Miocene rocks in southeastern Louisiana.AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1971; 55: 227 - 240.
[6]Paul E. Pennebaker.Vertical Net Sandstone Determination for Isopach Mapping of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs.AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1972; 56: 1520 - 1529.
[7]王健安.科学钻井继往开来──为地矿部石油钻井研究所成立卅周年而作[J].石油钻探技术,1995(02):3-7.
[8]罗晓容,张立强等.东营凹陷南斜坡油气运移及成藏动力学模拟[R].中科院地质与地球物理研究所.2004.
[9]李忠权,陈更生,郭冀义等.准噶尔盆地南缘西部地层异常高压基本地质特征[J].石油实验地质.2001.23(1):47-51.
[10]罗晓容,肖立新等..准噶尔盆地南缘中段异常压力分布及影响因素[J].地球科学中国地质大学学报.2004.7.29(4):404-413.
[11]张勇刚.准噶尔盆地中央坳陷异常压力研究[J].新疆石油学院学报,2003,15(4):26-29.
[12]徐国盛,刘树根等编著.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学[M].北京:地质出版社.2005.5.
[13]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探. 1996, 31(4): 575-586.
[14]唐建侯,邓富求.四川碳酸盐岩区地震横波分裂与各向异性[J].石油物探. 1993, 32(2): 56-61.
[15]巫盛洪,李志荣,邓瑛等.沿层地震属性分析技术在川东北鲕滩储层研究中的应用[J].南方油气,2004,27(2):45-48.
[16]唐建侯,邓富求.四川碳酸盐岩区地震横波分裂与各向异性[J].石油物探. 1993,32(2): 56-61.
[17]许浚远,彭大钧.围压对构造裂缝孔隙度的重要影响[J].石油学报. 1995, 16(3): 44-47.
[18]蔡正旗,刘云鹤.确定碳酸盐岩油气层有效孔隙度下限值的新方法[J].西南石油学院学报. 1993, 15(1): 10-15.
[19]游章隆,陈心胜.川东北部香溪群的地震相和有利储层展布[J].成都理工学院学报. 1994, 21(2): 42-50.
[20]Ward C D,Coghill K,Broussard M D.The Application of Petrophysical Data to Improve Pore and Fracture Pressure Determination in North sea Central Graben HPHT Wells,SPE 69th Annual Technical Conference,Houston,TX,1994[C],SPE 28297:53-68.
[21] Chown E, Chown E,等. Petrologic and Geochemical Characteristics and Origin of Gusui Cherts,Guangdong Province,China[J].中国地球化学学报:英文版. 1994, 13(2): 118-131.
[22]马永生.四川盆地普光超大型气田的形成机制[J].石油学报.2007.28(2):1～14.
[23]张纪喜.普光地区二叠-三叠系地质模型研究[D].硕士学位论文.中国石油大学(华东),2009.
[24]李仲东.川东地区碳酸盐岩超压与天然气富集关系研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(4):53-58.
[25]王越之.测井资料检测地层压力的方法及其新发展.大自然探索[M],1997,60(16):77-80.
[26]罗晓容,杨计海,王振峰.盆地内渗透性地层超压形成机制及钻前压力预测[J].地质论评.2000.46(1):22-31.
[27]罗晓容,张立强等.沾化凹陷泥岩压实及地层压力演化研究与泥质岩油藏的形成[R].中科院地质与地球物理研究所.2001.
[28]刘斌,贝东.异常地层压力数学模型的建立[J].天然气地球科学,1995,1(6):34.
[29]Karl Terzaghi.Discussion of 'Sedimentation of Fraser River delta, British Columbia'[J], by W. H. Mathews and F. P. Shepard (1962)].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1962; 46: 1438 - 1443.
[30]Marion King Hubbert.Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions[J].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1953; 37: 1954 - 2026.
[31]Clemont H. Bruce.Pressured Shale and Related Sediment Deformation; mechanism for Development of Regional Contemporaneous Faults[J].AAPG Bulletin, May 1973; 57: 878– 886.
[32]付俊林,Donaldson E. C.利用毛管压力曲线分析生产井的地层损害[J].国外油田工程. 2002, 18(5): 25-28.
[33] Magara K.,李乐中.含油气盆地中石油聚集的有效性[J].国外地质(成都). 1993(2): 56-62.
[34]T. D. Cook.Exploration history of South Texas Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1979; 63: 32 - 49.
[35]P. E. Gretener and C. D. Curtis.Role of temperature and time on organic metamorphism[J].AAPG Bulletin, Aug 1982; 66: 1124 - 1149.
[36]Charles W. Spencer.Hydrocarbon generation as a mechanism for overpressuring in Rocky Mountain region[J].AAPG Bulletin, Apr 1987; 71: 368 - 388.
[37]杜栩,郑洪印,焦秀琼.异常压力与油气分布[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3-4):137-147.
[38]翟盼盼.普光地区二叠-三叠系地层压力分布特征研究[D].硕士学位论文.中国石油大学(华东),2009.
[39]刘晓峰,解习农.储层超压流体系统的成因机制述评[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(3):55-60.
[40]王震亮,孙明亮,耿鹏等.准南地区异常压力发育特征及形成机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):32-34.
[41]胡海燕.超压的成因及其对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(1),99-102.
[42]刘宝宪.异常压力的成因及其与油气运聚的关系[D].西北大学.
[43]刘晓峰.评述异常压力研究中的石油地质学新思想[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(2):245-250.
[44]李志,窦立荣,艾小兰.异常高压与油气的生成[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):28-30.
[45][美]史蒂文W.波斯顿,罗伯特R.伯格.异常高压油气藏[M].冉新权,李汝勇,译.北京石油工业出版社,2003,5-27.
[46]Colin Barker, Brian Horsfield, and Richard E. Chapman.Mechanical versus thermalcause of abnormally high pore pressures in shales[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1982; 66: 99 - 102.
[47]Kinji Magara.Reevaluation of Montmorillonite Dehydration as Cause of Abnormal Pressure and Hydrocarbon Migration[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1975; 59: 292 - 302.
[48]陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,陈建军.酒东盆地营尔凹陷油气生成和运移聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,1995(06):1-7.
[49]E.C.Donaldson,付俊林,唐丹,贾振岐.利用毛管压力曲线分析生产井的地层损害[J].国外油田工程,2002(05):25-28.
[50]马启明等.超压盆地与油气分布[M ].北京:地质出版社, 2000.
[51]张启明,董伟良.中国含油气盆地中的超压体系[J ].石油学报, 2000, 21 (6) : 1～11.
[52]蒋有录,常振恒,鲁雪松,武晓玲.东濮凹陷古近系凝析气藏成因类型及其分布特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(5):28-34.
[53]马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄.四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):858-865.
[54] BarkerC.1990.Caleulated volume and Pressure ehanges during the thermal cracking of oil to gas inreservoirs[J] .AAPG Bulletin,74(9):1254-1261.
[55]徐士林,吕修祥.杨明慧等.库车坳陷膏盐岩对异常高压保存的控制作用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版).2004.7.19(4):5-9.
[56]王东旭,曾溅辉,宫秀梅.膏盐岩层对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球学.2005.6.16(3):329-333.
[57]黄籍中.四川盆地两类两大套油系煤系烃源异同与大中型气田形成[J].天然气勘探与开发,1998,21(4):1-12.
[58]William L. Russell.Pressure-Depth Relations in Appalachian Region[J].AAPG Bulletin, Mar 1972; 56: 528 - 536.
[59]夏新宇,宋岩.抬升及沉降过程中温度对流体压力的影响[J].石油勘探开发.2001,28(3):8-11.
[60]Douglas W. Waples, John M. Hunt, Jozsef Toth, M. D. Maccagno, C. J. Otto, and B. J. Rostron.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments; discussion and reply[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1991; 75: 326 - 338.
[61]John M. Hunt.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressuredfluid compartments[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1990; 74: 1-12.
[62]庞雄奇,金之钧.油气藏动力学成历模式与分类[J].地学前缘. 2000, 7(4): 507-514.
[63]邹华耀,郝芳,蔡勋育.沉积盆地异常低压与低压油气藏成藏机理综述[J].地质科技情报. 2003, 22(2): 45-50.
[64]刘晓峰,解习农.储层超压流体系统的成因机制评述[J].地质科技情报.2003.22(3):55-60.
[65]解习农,李思田,刘晓峰著.异常压力盆地流体动力学[M].中国地质大学出版社.2006.
[66]夏新宇,宋岩,等.构造抬升对地层压力的影响及克拉2气田异常压力成因[J].天然气工业. 2001, 21(1): 30-34.
[67]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报. 2006, 80(11): 1752-1759.
[68]褚庆忠.异常压力形成机制研究综述[J].天然气勘探与开发. 2001, 24(4): 38-46.
[69]杜春国,郝芳.川东北宣汉-达县地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复[J].煤田地质与勘探.2006.34(4):1-5.
[70]朱光有,张水昌等.川东北飞仙关组高含H2S气藏特征与TSR对烃类的消耗作用[J].沉积学报,2006,24(2):300-308.
[71]胡明,邓绍强.川东北地区构造应力场及与油气运移关系研究[J].特种油气藏.2008.15(3):14-19.
[72]何建坤,卢华夏,张庆龙.南大巴山冲断构造及其剪切挤压动力学机制[J].高校地质学报.1997.3(4):419-4291.
[73]郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉等.四川盆地形成与演化[M].北京:地质出版社.1994:4201.
[74]蒋有录,张乐,鲁雪松等.基于ANSYS的应力场模拟在库车坳陷克拉苏地区的初步应用[J].天然气工业.2005.4:42-44.
[75]宋胜利,吴田忠,邹峰梅等.ANSYS曲壳模型计算复杂断块现今地应力场[J].石油钻采工艺.2004.26(5):13-15.
[76]孟庆山,汪稔.碳酸盐岩的声波特性研究及其应用[J].中国岩溶.2005.24(4):344-348.
[77]佟彦明.胶莱盆地莱阳期古构造应力场分析及模拟[J].大庆石油地质与开发. 2007, 26(1): 6-9.
[78]蒋有录,张一伟,冉隆辉,路中侃.川东地区志留系—石炭系含气系统天然气运移聚集机理[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(1):25-30.
[79]龚永喜.利用随钻声波测量工具检测异常高压地层[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集[c].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[80]Alberto Malinverno, Colin M. Sayers, Marta J.Woodward, and Robert C. Bartman,”Integrating Diverse Measurements to Predict Pore Pressure With UncertaintiesWhile Drilling”SPE paper 90001, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Houston, Texas, U.S.A., 26–29 September 2004.
[81]艾池,冯福平,李洪伟.地层压力预测技术现状及发展趋势[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(6):71-76.
[82]祖峰,张宗林,丰全会等.异常地层压力检测和预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(1):35-38.
[83]秦绪英,肖立志,索佰峰.随钻测井技术最新进展及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(4):313-322.
[84]陈恭洋,何鲜,刘树明,等.千米桥碳酸盐岩古潜山裂缝预测[J].中国石油勘探. 2003, 8(3): 84-86, 91.
[85]张殿强,李联玮.地质录井方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,138-178.
[86]苏义脑,刘岩生.科学探索井地层压力计算[J].石油学报,2001,22(1):78-82.
[87]吴龙斌,刘树坤.随钻地层压力检测技术在石油勘探中的应用[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集(第二辑)[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[88]张殿强,李联玮.地质录井方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,138-178.
[89]李新宁,李留中,徐向阳等.异常地层压力的形成原因及预测方法[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(2):120-126.
[90]Warren A. Cebell and George V. Chilingarian.Some Data on Compressibility and Density Anomalies in Halloysite, Hectorite, and Illite Clays[J].AAPG Bulletin, Apr 1972; 56: 796 - 802.
[91]T. W. Grisafi, H. H. Rieke, and D. R. Skidmore.Approximation of Geothermal Gradients in Northern West Virginia Using Bottom-Hole Temperatures from ElectricLogs[J].AAPG Bulletin, Feb 1974; 58: 321 - 323.
[92]高德利.复杂地质条件下深井超深井钻井技术[M],石油工业出版社,2004.11,isbn 7-5021-4775-6:8-9.
[93] (美)G.V.奇林格等著,赵文智,柳广弟等译,异常地层压力成因与预测[M],石油工业出版社,2004.9.
[94]高德利.复杂地质条件下深井超深井钻井技术[M],石油工业出版社,2004.11,isbn 7-5021-4775-6:10.
[95]Dutta, N.C., 2002, Geopressure Detection Using Reflection Seismic Data and Rock Physics Principles:Methodology and Case Hisories From Deepwater Tertiary Clastic Basins: SPE, 77820.
[96]左星,龚荣佳,李薇等.地层孔隙压力的灰色预测及应用[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(2):84-86.
[97]Eaton, B. A.,“The equation for geopressure prediction from well logs,”paper SPE 5544 presented at the 1975 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Sept.28-Oct. 1.
[98]云美厚.地震地层压力预测.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4),575-587.
[99]Bowers, G. L.,“Pore pressure estimation from velocity data:Accounting for overpressure mechanisms besides undercompaction,”SPE Drilling & Completion (June 1995) 89.
[100]樊洪海.利用声速检测欠压实泥岩异常高压的简易方法与应用[J].石油钻探技术, 2001,29(3):9-11.
[101]樊洪海.地层孔隙压力预测检测新方法研究[D]:博士学位论文.北京:石油大学, 2001.
[102]AlnaR.Huffman.周秀斌译.应用地质方法预测孔隙压力[J].国外油田工程,2001,17(11):19-21.
[103]石广仁,郭秋麟,李惠芬等.一维盆地模拟系统BAD1[J].石油勘探与开发.1989.16(6):1-11.
[104]卢庆治,郭彤楼,胡圣标.川东北地区热流史及成烃史研究[J].新疆石油地质.2006.27(5):549-551.
[105]Jean du Rouchet.Stress fields, a key to oil migration[J].AAPG Bulletin, Jan 1981;65: 74 - 85.
[106]Gary G. Lash and Terry Engelder.An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: Example from the Catskill delta complex[J].AAPG Bulletin, Nov 2005; 89: 1433 - 1449.
[107]马永生,牟传龙等.关于开江—梁平海槽的认识[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):326-331.
[108]秦建中,付小东,腾格尔.川东北宣汉—达县地区三叠—志留系海相优质烃源层评价[J].石油试验地质.2008.8.30(4):367-374.
[109]马永生,傅强,郭彤楼.川东北地区普光气田长兴—飞仙关气藏成藏模式与成藏过程[J].石油实验地.2005.27(5):455-461.
[110]马永生,牟传龙,郭旭升等.川东北达县-宣汉地区飞仙关组沉积相与储层特征[J].石油学报,2005,28(2):726-731.
[111]蒋海军,李荣.裂缝性储层应力敏感性实验研究[J].石油钻探技术. 2000, 28(6): 32-33.
[112]蒋海军,鄢捷年.裂缝性储集层应力敏感性实验研究[J].特种油气藏. 2000, 7(3): 39-41, 46.
[113]孙妥,林万象.围限压力下的孔隙度,渗透率及其在储气岩评价中的意义[J].石油实验地质. 1993, 15(4): 404-413.
[114]彭真明,肖慈珣,杨斌,王斌.地震、测井联合预测地层压力的方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探2004,35(2):170-174.
[115]刘吉.用地震资料预测地层压力方法总结[J].科技信息,2007,16:161.
[116]Folke Engelmark, Improved Pore-Pressure Prediction and Mechanical Earth Model Estimation Through Binary Decomposition of Seismic Inversion Data in Subresolution Clastic Sequences, SPE 90925, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Houston, Texas, U.S.A., 26–29 September 2004.
[117]孙建国.勘探地球物理技术新进展-2002年SEG年会综述II:解释与压力预测[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(2):148-159.
[118]王越之,韩永友,谢慧华.提高地震资料预测地层孔隙压力精度的方法[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(2):13-15.
[119]郭君,高建国,李西等.辽东湾北部地层压力预测及生压机制分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2005,30(1):5-9.
[120]祖峰,张宗林,丰全会,樊洪海.异常地层压力检测和预测方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(1):35-39.
[121]樊洪海.适于检测砂泥岩地层孔隙压力的综合解释方法[J].石油勘探与开发, 2002,29(1):90-92.
[122]陈永明.压差校正可提高d指数地层压力检测精度[J].钻采工艺,1994,17(4):25-28.
[123]左星,何世明,黄桢等.泥页岩地层孔隙压力的预测方法[J].断块油气田,2007,14(1):24-26.
[124]高温高压气井随钻地层压力检测方法研究[J],石油钻采工艺,2005,27(3) 18-21.
[125]郭金荣.他拉哈地区地层孔隙压力及破裂压力预测技术研究[Z].2006.
[126]吴文佳,韦远发.崖城21-1-4井随钻异常地层压力监测与分析[A].《录井技术》编辑部.录井技术文集[c].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[127]张伯文,王程忠,董振国.塔北深探井地层压力预测检测技术及应用[J].西部探矿工程,2000,2:68-69.
[128]王彦祺.标准化钻速法检测地层压力技术的改进与应用[J].钻采工艺,1998,21(6):16-19.
[129]S. G. Sarkisyan, M. A. Politykina, and G. V. Chilingarian.Effect of Postsedimentation Processes on Carbonate Reservoir Rocks in Volga-Urals Region[J], USSR.AAPG Bulletin, Jul 1973; 57: 1305 - 1313.
[130]刘文.欠平衡钻井地层压力预测研究[D].大庆石油学院硕士学位论文.2002.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |