新疆西南天山晚古生代沉积盆地及大地构造演化
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摘要
天山位居欧亚大陆的腹地,是由一系列近东西走向的山脉和夹持于诸山脉之间的盆地、谷地所组成的一条结构复杂的山系,是世界上最复杂的造山带之一。西南天山造山带是整个天山造山带中地质构造最复杂的地区之一,保存有亚洲大陆形成演化的重要信息,难能可贵的是完整保存了该地区古生代洋壳演化发展的信息。其中,晚古生代西南天山的大地构造演化是天山造山带形成演化过程中最重要、最复杂的事件。目前对该地区的研究,由于不同学者所采取的研究方法、研究侧重点及测试分析手段不尽相同,因此对西南天山沉积盆地及构造演化认识尚存在不小的分歧。对西南天山晚古生代构造岩浆演化与沉积响应进行研究,不仅可以推动晚古生代西南天山的大地构造演化及天山造山带演化发展的研究,具有重大的理论意义,同时对该地区正在开展的矿产勘探工作也有现实的指导意义。
上泥盆统——下石炭统地层在西南天山地区广泛发育,是西南天山地区的主要沉积地质体,主要岩组有库勒湖组((D3-C1)k)、图尤克阿秀组(C1t)、甘草湖组(C1g)和野云沟组(C1yy)。
库勒湖组((D3-C1)k)为斜坡——深海沉积相沉积,可进一步细分为浊积岩亚相和深海盆地硅质岩、泥质粉砂岩亚相,发育碳酸盐岩浊积岩、火山碎屑浊积岩及深海放射虫硅质岩(夹锰矿层)和放射虫凝灰岩。在硅质岩中大量发育晚泥盆世——早石炭世放射虫。通过该组硅质岩宏观特征及结构构造、微量元素、稀土元素等的研究表明,硅质岩为大陆边缘环境产物,部分有火山作用释放的SiO2加入。库勒湖组形成于盆地拉张环境,由于拉张幅度较大,已拉到洋壳,大量发育基性火山岩,基性火山岩发育明显的枕状构造。
图尤克阿秀组(C1t)为本次论文研究新建的岩石地层单元。该组第一岩性段主要发育大量基性火山岩与火山岩间互沉积的碳酸盐岩,根据其岩石组合、沉积结构、层序特征及稀土微量元素特征分析,基性火山岩为洋岛火山岩;第二段为一套复理石建造,显示浊流沉积岩的特征, Ce负异常,沉积环境处于较深水的还原环境或沉积环境离大陆相对较远的环境;第三岩性段的硅质岩组成高位域,硅质岩中大量发育放射虫化石,硅质岩的大量出现及灰岩的消失说明当时海盆深度达到了深海碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD)以下,导致沉积物以硅质沉积物等远洋沉积为主,具Ce正异常特征,表明在此期间沉积环境离大陆相对较近,洋盆具有深海欠补偿盆地的特征。
甘草湖组为浅海陆棚沉积和陆棚边缘盆地沉积,岩石组合主要为一套碳酸盐岩夹少量碎屑岩、中基性火山岩、超镁铁质火山角砾熔岩,其碳酸盐岩地层为潮下低能带→高能带的浅海台地相→台地边缘浅滩相过渡带环境沉积产物。
通过对西南天山晚泥盆世——早石炭世地层的分析,可以得出这样的结论,晚古生代南天山洋盆在晚泥盆世至石炭纪的这一阶段发生了新一轮的陆壳伸展,洋壳新生,洋盆扩张,并形成晚古生代南天山有限洋盆。
西南天山晚古生代蛇绿岩带沿哈尔山南坡——霍拉山一带呈南北两支展布,北支则沿库勒湖、铁力买提达坂南坡、科克铁克达坂南坡一带产出;南支西起梅斯布拉克,经穹格果勒、阿尔腾柯斯河上游、满大勒克、喀拉果勒、独库公路965km处、色日克牙依拉克分布。蛇绿岩中的基性岩TFe、MgO平均含量与MORB平均值接近,富钾。多数微量元素含量介于洋岛玄武岩(OIB)和洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)之间,比较而言总体与洋中脊玄武岩接近,但具有由洋中脊玄武岩向洋岛玄武岩过渡的特征。岩石轻稀土亏损,重稀土富集,稀土分配曲线右倾,其总体特征与N-型洋中脊玄武岩相似。在岩石宏观组成上,与火山岩相伴生的岩石主要为远洋沉积的硅质岩、放射虫硅质岩。根据硅质岩中的放射虫鉴定与40Ar/39Ar测年结果,可以将该蛇绿岩套的地质时代确定为D2-C1。
西南天山晚古生代火山岩比较发育,火山岩主要分布在下泥盆统、下石炭统及下二叠统。下泥盆统火山岩赋存于阿尔腾柯斯组和阿帕达尔康组中,阿尔腾柯斯组火山岩主要为玄武岩,结合其微量元素、稀土元素特征,综合判定该套玄武岩形成于洋中脊环境。阿帕达尔康组火山岩兼有钙碱性系列和拉斑玄武岩系列特征,形成于活动大陆边缘弧后盆地扩张环境。下石炭统火山岩主要赋存于图尤克阿秀组内,岩性主要为玄武岩,枕状构造发育,表现K、Zr、Sm强烈亏损,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土亏损,其玄武岩的稀土分配曲线曲线形态与夏威夷Kohala火山的洋岛碱性相似,综合判断该火山岩应形成于为洋岛(海山)环境。二叠纪火山岩主要赋存地层为小提坎里克组,主要为中酸性火山岩,微量元素表现K、Zr、Sm亏损,总体特征与A型花岗岩相似,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土亏损,稀土分配曲线呈一右倾单斜曲线,在稀土分配曲线上Eu也显示强烈亏损,形成于板内环境,与陆内造山运动有关。
西南天山晚古生代构造演化是其整个地质构造演化的一个重要片段,继承了早古生代西南天山的构造演化背景。综合西南天山晚古生代沉积岩、火山岩、蛇绿岩特征进行分析,南天山洋并没有在早古生代的俯冲碰撞过程中闭合,而是在晚泥盆世至石炭纪期间洋盆经历了一次扩张过程。在晚古生代,西南天山沉积盆地及大地构造演化经历了如下三个阶段:1、晚古生代南天山洋盆的扩张阶段,该阶段起始于晚泥盆世,至少延续至早石炭世;2、晚古生代南天山洋的俯冲碰撞及洋盆闭合阶段,晚古生代南天山洋俯冲碰撞造山可能结束于晚石炭世末,塔里木微板块和中天山伊犁微板块最终弥合、焊接,原来四分五裂的新疆古克拉通再次拼接在一起,形成统一的陆块,并形成残留海盆;3、碰撞期后板内演化阶段,两大板块碰撞弥合后,由于热松弛发生引张作用,引发一期花岗岩浆活动,其特点为分布范围广,不受已有构造单元界限的限制,还出现一系列碱性岩体的侵入。
Tianshan in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, is a complex structure of the mountain, Composed by a series of near east-west mountain ranges and basin, valley Holding on Many Mountains,and is one of the most complex orogenic belt in the world .Southwestern Tianshan orogenic belt is one of the most complex geological structures areas in the whole Tianshan orogenic belt, conserving the important information of the Asian continent evolution, and it's valuable is that it completely saved the information of the region's Paleozoic oceanic crust evolution and development. Among them, Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern Tianshan is the most important and most complex events in the process of formation and the Tianshan orogenic belt evolution. Currently because different research methods adopted by academics, research focus and testing of analytical tools focus on different, We are many differences between understanding of sedimentary basins and tectonic evolution of Southwestern Tianshan in the region. Studying the evolvement of late paleozoic era tectono-magmatic and sedimentary response in Southwestern Tianshan mountains, not only can promote the study of Southwestern Tianshan Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution and development of the Tianshan orogenic belt evolution, also has great guidance significance for mineral exploration in this place.
Upper Devonian - Lower Carboniferous strata extensively developed in the southwestern Tianshan area.It is the major sedimentary geological body of southwestern Tianshan region, Formed by ku-le-hu group ((D3-C1) k), tu-you-ke-a-xiu Group (C1t), gan-cao-hu Group (C1g) and ye-yun-gou Group (C1yy).
Ku-le-hu group((D3-C1)k)is a slope-Deep-sea sedimentary facies deposit, it is divided into turbidite intrafacies and deep sea basin silica rock、argillaceous siltstoue intrafacies,development of carbonate turbidite,Pyroclastic turbidites,deep-sea radiolarian chert(Manganese layer folders)and radiolarian tuff.There are a large number of Late Devonian - Early Carboniferous radiolarians in the siliceous rocks。Siliceous rocks by the group characteristics and structure of macro-structure, trace elements, rare earth elements and other studies have shown that,siliceous rocks is product of the continental margin environment, part of the role of the release of volcanic SiO2 adding into it。Ku-le-hu group was formed in the basin, an extensional environment,As the tensile by a big margin, ocean crust has been pulled a large number of developmental basic volcanic rocks, mafic volcanic rocks developed a clear pillow-like structure.
Tu-you-ke-a-xiu group (C1t) is the new study in rock stratigraphic units of this paper,the first group developed a large number of inter-sedimentary carbonate rocks which with major lithologic mafic volcanic rocks and volcanic rocks.In accordance with its combination of rock, sedimentary structures, sequence features and characteristics of rare-earth trace elements analysis, mafic volcanic rocks of oceanic island volcanic rocks; the second paragraph of the construction of a set of flysch, shows the characteristics of turbidite sedimentary rocks, Ce negative anomaly,sedimentary environment in the deeper water to restore the environment or the sedimentary environment is relatively distant from the continental environment; The third lithologic composition of the siliceous rocks high field,development of a large number of radiolarian fossils in siliceous rocks, siliceous rocks and limestone of the disappearance of a large number of emergence indicating that they reached a deep-sea basin depth of the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) below, led to siliceous sediments and other ocean sediments deposited mainly,has Ce positive anomalies features,indicates that away from the continental sedimentary environment during this period is relatively close, ocean basin with a deep-sea basins due to the characteristics of compensation.
Gancaohu Group deposition of shallow continental shelf and the continental shelf edge of sedimentary basins, rocks are mainly of a combination of a small amount of carbonate clastic rock folder, intermediate-mafic volcanic rocks, ultramafic volcanic breccia lava, its carbonate rocks of tidal energy with low-energy band→shallow platform facies transition zone→platform marginal shoal relative to the product of environmental sedimentology.
By Southwestern Tianshan Late Devonian - Early Carboniferous Stratigraphic analysis can draw such a conclusion, in the period between Late Devonian and Carboniferous, late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic basin changed, such as extended continental crust, new oceanic crust, expansion of ocean basin, and the formation of Late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic limited basin.
Ophiolite suite of Late Paleozoic South Tianshan limited in the southern slopes of Hal Hill - Hora Hill along with north and south. The north branch of Ophiolite suite belt along with the kul lake, the southern slope of Ke Ke Tie Ke Da Ban, the southern slope of Tie li Mai Tida Ban. The south Branch of Ophiolite suite belt along with the Mei Si Bu La Ke, Al-teng Coles River, Man Da Le Ke, Kara Guo Le, Du Ku Highway 965km ,Se Ri Ke Ya Yi La Ke. The basic rocks TFe, MgO average content of Ophiolite close to the average MORB,K-rich. Most of trace elements ranging from ocean island basalts (OIB) and mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), close to mid-ocean ridge basalt, but has the character of transition by the mid-ocean ridge basalt transitional to oceanic island basalts. Loss of rock light rare earth and heavy rare earth rich and rare-earth distribution curve of right-wing which characteristics similar to N-type mid-ocean ridge basalt. Macro-composition of the rock, and volcanic rocks accompanied the deposition of mainly pelagic chert, radiolarian chert. According to radiolarian siliceous rocks in the identification and 40Ar/39Ar dating results, the ophiolite may be the geological age identified as D2-C1.
Comparison of Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in southwestern Tianshan Development, volcanic rocks are mainly distributed in the next Devonian, Lower Carboniferous and Lower Permian. Lower Devonian volcanic rocks occur in the Al-teng Coles Group and Apa DELCAM group.Al-teng Caicos Formation volcanic rocks are mainly basalt.Its trace elements and REE characteristics indicate the environment of mid-ocean ridge basalt.Apa DELCAM Group volcanic rocks in both calc-alkaline series and tholeiitic series features, formed in the active continental margin back-arc basin expansion. Lower Carboniferous volcanic rocks occur in the diagram show You Kee Group. It’s lithology mainly basalt and pillow-like structure.It’s K, Zr, Sm strong losses and significant enrichment of light rare earth and heavy rare-earth loss.Its rare earth basalt distribution curve curve shape similar to volcano oceanic island alkaline of Hawaii Kohala. Comprehensive determine the volcanic rocks should be formed in the oceanic island (seamounts) environment. Occurrence of Permian volcanic rocks Tikanlike formation for small groups, mainly in acidic volcanic rocks, trace the performance of K, Zr, Sm losses, the overall characteristics and A-type granites are similar significant enrichment of light rare earth and heavy rare-earth loss. Rare-earth distribution curve showed a right-wing single-oblique curve and Eu also showed a strong loss. It is formed in the intraplate environment, in relation to the intracontinental orogeny.
Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of Southwestern Tianshan is an important segment, and inherited the early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern Tianshan background. Integrated Southwestern Tianshan Late Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, volcanic rocks, ophiolites features were analyzed.South Tian shan ocean didn’t closure during the collision in the early Paleozoic subduction.Oceanic basin going through an expansion in the Late Devonian to Carboniferous. In the late Paleozoic, Southwest Tianshan and tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins through the following three stages: 1, Late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic basin of the expansion phase, which began in the Late Devonian, at least extend to the Early Carboniferous; 2, Late Paleozoic South Tianshan Ocean subduction collision and oceanic basin closure stage, the Late Paleozoic South Tianshan ocean subduction-collision orogeny may end at the end of the Late Carboniferous, the Tarim plate and the central Tianshan micro-Yili micro-plate end-bridging, welding, the original split Xinjiang ancient Craton again, stitching together to form a unified land mass, and the formation of residual basin; 3, Collision period intraplate evolution stage, the two bridging plate collision, due to thermal relaxation effects occurring tensile, triggering a granitic magma activity.It’s characterized by wide distribution and free from the boundaries of tectonic units.There was a series of basic intrusive rock.
上泥盆统——下石炭统地层在西南天山地区广泛发育,是西南天山地区的主要沉积地质体,主要岩组有库勒湖组((D3-C1)k)、图尤克阿秀组(C1t)、甘草湖组(C1g)和野云沟组(C1yy)。
库勒湖组((D3-C1)k)为斜坡——深海沉积相沉积,可进一步细分为浊积岩亚相和深海盆地硅质岩、泥质粉砂岩亚相,发育碳酸盐岩浊积岩、火山碎屑浊积岩及深海放射虫硅质岩(夹锰矿层)和放射虫凝灰岩。在硅质岩中大量发育晚泥盆世——早石炭世放射虫。通过该组硅质岩宏观特征及结构构造、微量元素、稀土元素等的研究表明,硅质岩为大陆边缘环境产物,部分有火山作用释放的SiO2加入。库勒湖组形成于盆地拉张环境,由于拉张幅度较大,已拉到洋壳,大量发育基性火山岩,基性火山岩发育明显的枕状构造。
图尤克阿秀组(C1t)为本次论文研究新建的岩石地层单元。该组第一岩性段主要发育大量基性火山岩与火山岩间互沉积的碳酸盐岩,根据其岩石组合、沉积结构、层序特征及稀土微量元素特征分析,基性火山岩为洋岛火山岩;第二段为一套复理石建造,显示浊流沉积岩的特征, Ce负异常,沉积环境处于较深水的还原环境或沉积环境离大陆相对较远的环境;第三岩性段的硅质岩组成高位域,硅质岩中大量发育放射虫化石,硅质岩的大量出现及灰岩的消失说明当时海盆深度达到了深海碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD)以下,导致沉积物以硅质沉积物等远洋沉积为主,具Ce正异常特征,表明在此期间沉积环境离大陆相对较近,洋盆具有深海欠补偿盆地的特征。
甘草湖组为浅海陆棚沉积和陆棚边缘盆地沉积,岩石组合主要为一套碳酸盐岩夹少量碎屑岩、中基性火山岩、超镁铁质火山角砾熔岩,其碳酸盐岩地层为潮下低能带→高能带的浅海台地相→台地边缘浅滩相过渡带环境沉积产物。
通过对西南天山晚泥盆世——早石炭世地层的分析,可以得出这样的结论,晚古生代南天山洋盆在晚泥盆世至石炭纪的这一阶段发生了新一轮的陆壳伸展,洋壳新生,洋盆扩张,并形成晚古生代南天山有限洋盆。
西南天山晚古生代蛇绿岩带沿哈尔山南坡——霍拉山一带呈南北两支展布,北支则沿库勒湖、铁力买提达坂南坡、科克铁克达坂南坡一带产出;南支西起梅斯布拉克,经穹格果勒、阿尔腾柯斯河上游、满大勒克、喀拉果勒、独库公路965km处、色日克牙依拉克分布。蛇绿岩中的基性岩TFe、MgO平均含量与MORB平均值接近,富钾。多数微量元素含量介于洋岛玄武岩(OIB)和洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)之间,比较而言总体与洋中脊玄武岩接近,但具有由洋中脊玄武岩向洋岛玄武岩过渡的特征。岩石轻稀土亏损,重稀土富集,稀土分配曲线右倾,其总体特征与N-型洋中脊玄武岩相似。在岩石宏观组成上,与火山岩相伴生的岩石主要为远洋沉积的硅质岩、放射虫硅质岩。根据硅质岩中的放射虫鉴定与40Ar/39Ar测年结果,可以将该蛇绿岩套的地质时代确定为D2-C1。
西南天山晚古生代火山岩比较发育,火山岩主要分布在下泥盆统、下石炭统及下二叠统。下泥盆统火山岩赋存于阿尔腾柯斯组和阿帕达尔康组中,阿尔腾柯斯组火山岩主要为玄武岩,结合其微量元素、稀土元素特征,综合判定该套玄武岩形成于洋中脊环境。阿帕达尔康组火山岩兼有钙碱性系列和拉斑玄武岩系列特征,形成于活动大陆边缘弧后盆地扩张环境。下石炭统火山岩主要赋存于图尤克阿秀组内,岩性主要为玄武岩,枕状构造发育,表现K、Zr、Sm强烈亏损,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土亏损,其玄武岩的稀土分配曲线曲线形态与夏威夷Kohala火山的洋岛碱性相似,综合判断该火山岩应形成于为洋岛(海山)环境。二叠纪火山岩主要赋存地层为小提坎里克组,主要为中酸性火山岩,微量元素表现K、Zr、Sm亏损,总体特征与A型花岗岩相似,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土亏损,稀土分配曲线呈一右倾单斜曲线,在稀土分配曲线上Eu也显示强烈亏损,形成于板内环境,与陆内造山运动有关。
西南天山晚古生代构造演化是其整个地质构造演化的一个重要片段,继承了早古生代西南天山的构造演化背景。综合西南天山晚古生代沉积岩、火山岩、蛇绿岩特征进行分析,南天山洋并没有在早古生代的俯冲碰撞过程中闭合,而是在晚泥盆世至石炭纪期间洋盆经历了一次扩张过程。在晚古生代,西南天山沉积盆地及大地构造演化经历了如下三个阶段:1、晚古生代南天山洋盆的扩张阶段,该阶段起始于晚泥盆世,至少延续至早石炭世;2、晚古生代南天山洋的俯冲碰撞及洋盆闭合阶段,晚古生代南天山洋俯冲碰撞造山可能结束于晚石炭世末,塔里木微板块和中天山伊犁微板块最终弥合、焊接,原来四分五裂的新疆古克拉通再次拼接在一起,形成统一的陆块,并形成残留海盆;3、碰撞期后板内演化阶段,两大板块碰撞弥合后,由于热松弛发生引张作用,引发一期花岗岩浆活动,其特点为分布范围广,不受已有构造单元界限的限制,还出现一系列碱性岩体的侵入。
Tianshan in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, is a complex structure of the mountain, Composed by a series of near east-west mountain ranges and basin, valley Holding on Many Mountains,and is one of the most complex orogenic belt in the world .Southwestern Tianshan orogenic belt is one of the most complex geological structures areas in the whole Tianshan orogenic belt, conserving the important information of the Asian continent evolution, and it's valuable is that it completely saved the information of the region's Paleozoic oceanic crust evolution and development. Among them, Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern Tianshan is the most important and most complex events in the process of formation and the Tianshan orogenic belt evolution. Currently because different research methods adopted by academics, research focus and testing of analytical tools focus on different, We are many differences between understanding of sedimentary basins and tectonic evolution of Southwestern Tianshan in the region. Studying the evolvement of late paleozoic era tectono-magmatic and sedimentary response in Southwestern Tianshan mountains, not only can promote the study of Southwestern Tianshan Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution and development of the Tianshan orogenic belt evolution, also has great guidance significance for mineral exploration in this place.
Upper Devonian - Lower Carboniferous strata extensively developed in the southwestern Tianshan area.It is the major sedimentary geological body of southwestern Tianshan region, Formed by ku-le-hu group ((D3-C1) k), tu-you-ke-a-xiu Group (C1t), gan-cao-hu Group (C1g) and ye-yun-gou Group (C1yy).
Ku-le-hu group((D3-C1)k)is a slope-Deep-sea sedimentary facies deposit, it is divided into turbidite intrafacies and deep sea basin silica rock、argillaceous siltstoue intrafacies,development of carbonate turbidite,Pyroclastic turbidites,deep-sea radiolarian chert(Manganese layer folders)and radiolarian tuff.There are a large number of Late Devonian - Early Carboniferous radiolarians in the siliceous rocks。Siliceous rocks by the group characteristics and structure of macro-structure, trace elements, rare earth elements and other studies have shown that,siliceous rocks is product of the continental margin environment, part of the role of the release of volcanic SiO2 adding into it。Ku-le-hu group was formed in the basin, an extensional environment,As the tensile by a big margin, ocean crust has been pulled a large number of developmental basic volcanic rocks, mafic volcanic rocks developed a clear pillow-like structure.
Tu-you-ke-a-xiu group (C1t) is the new study in rock stratigraphic units of this paper,the first group developed a large number of inter-sedimentary carbonate rocks which with major lithologic mafic volcanic rocks and volcanic rocks.In accordance with its combination of rock, sedimentary structures, sequence features and characteristics of rare-earth trace elements analysis, mafic volcanic rocks of oceanic island volcanic rocks; the second paragraph of the construction of a set of flysch, shows the characteristics of turbidite sedimentary rocks, Ce negative anomaly,sedimentary environment in the deeper water to restore the environment or the sedimentary environment is relatively distant from the continental environment; The third lithologic composition of the siliceous rocks high field,development of a large number of radiolarian fossils in siliceous rocks, siliceous rocks and limestone of the disappearance of a large number of emergence indicating that they reached a deep-sea basin depth of the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) below, led to siliceous sediments and other ocean sediments deposited mainly,has Ce positive anomalies features,indicates that away from the continental sedimentary environment during this period is relatively close, ocean basin with a deep-sea basins due to the characteristics of compensation.
Gancaohu Group deposition of shallow continental shelf and the continental shelf edge of sedimentary basins, rocks are mainly of a combination of a small amount of carbonate clastic rock folder, intermediate-mafic volcanic rocks, ultramafic volcanic breccia lava, its carbonate rocks of tidal energy with low-energy band→shallow platform facies transition zone→platform marginal shoal relative to the product of environmental sedimentology.
By Southwestern Tianshan Late Devonian - Early Carboniferous Stratigraphic analysis can draw such a conclusion, in the period between Late Devonian and Carboniferous, late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic basin changed, such as extended continental crust, new oceanic crust, expansion of ocean basin, and the formation of Late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic limited basin.
Ophiolite suite of Late Paleozoic South Tianshan limited in the southern slopes of Hal Hill - Hora Hill along with north and south. The north branch of Ophiolite suite belt along with the kul lake, the southern slope of Ke Ke Tie Ke Da Ban, the southern slope of Tie li Mai Tida Ban. The south Branch of Ophiolite suite belt along with the Mei Si Bu La Ke, Al-teng Coles River, Man Da Le Ke, Kara Guo Le, Du Ku Highway 965km ,Se Ri Ke Ya Yi La Ke. The basic rocks TFe, MgO average content of Ophiolite close to the average MORB,K-rich. Most of trace elements ranging from ocean island basalts (OIB) and mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), close to mid-ocean ridge basalt, but has the character of transition by the mid-ocean ridge basalt transitional to oceanic island basalts. Loss of rock light rare earth and heavy rare earth rich and rare-earth distribution curve of right-wing which characteristics similar to N-type mid-ocean ridge basalt. Macro-composition of the rock, and volcanic rocks accompanied the deposition of mainly pelagic chert, radiolarian chert. According to radiolarian siliceous rocks in the identification and 40Ar/39Ar dating results, the ophiolite may be the geological age identified as D2-C1.
Comparison of Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in southwestern Tianshan Development, volcanic rocks are mainly distributed in the next Devonian, Lower Carboniferous and Lower Permian. Lower Devonian volcanic rocks occur in the Al-teng Coles Group and Apa DELCAM group.Al-teng Caicos Formation volcanic rocks are mainly basalt.Its trace elements and REE characteristics indicate the environment of mid-ocean ridge basalt.Apa DELCAM Group volcanic rocks in both calc-alkaline series and tholeiitic series features, formed in the active continental margin back-arc basin expansion. Lower Carboniferous volcanic rocks occur in the diagram show You Kee Group. It’s lithology mainly basalt and pillow-like structure.It’s K, Zr, Sm strong losses and significant enrichment of light rare earth and heavy rare-earth loss.Its rare earth basalt distribution curve curve shape similar to volcano oceanic island alkaline of Hawaii Kohala. Comprehensive determine the volcanic rocks should be formed in the oceanic island (seamounts) environment. Occurrence of Permian volcanic rocks Tikanlike formation for small groups, mainly in acidic volcanic rocks, trace the performance of K, Zr, Sm losses, the overall characteristics and A-type granites are similar significant enrichment of light rare earth and heavy rare-earth loss. Rare-earth distribution curve showed a right-wing single-oblique curve and Eu also showed a strong loss. It is formed in the intraplate environment, in relation to the intracontinental orogeny.
Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of Southwestern Tianshan is an important segment, and inherited the early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern Tianshan background. Integrated Southwestern Tianshan Late Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, volcanic rocks, ophiolites features were analyzed.South Tian shan ocean didn’t closure during the collision in the early Paleozoic subduction.Oceanic basin going through an expansion in the Late Devonian to Carboniferous. In the late Paleozoic, Southwest Tianshan and tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins through the following three stages: 1, Late Paleozoic South Tianshan oceanic basin of the expansion phase, which began in the Late Devonian, at least extend to the Early Carboniferous; 2, Late Paleozoic South Tianshan Ocean subduction collision and oceanic basin closure stage, the Late Paleozoic South Tianshan ocean subduction-collision orogeny may end at the end of the Late Carboniferous, the Tarim plate and the central Tianshan micro-Yili micro-plate end-bridging, welding, the original split Xinjiang ancient Craton again, stitching together to form a unified land mass, and the formation of residual basin; 3, Collision period intraplate evolution stage, the two bridging plate collision, due to thermal relaxation effects occurring tensile, triggering a granitic magma activity.It’s characterized by wide distribution and free from the boundaries of tectonic units.There was a series of basic intrusive rock.
引文
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