近距离保护层开采多场演化及安全岩柱研究
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摘要
近距离保护层开采过程中多场演化规律和安全岩柱的研究是一个极其复杂和挑战性的课题,是目前国内外煤矿安全领域研究的热点和难点之一,作为保护层开采预防煤与瓦斯突出技术的研究基础,研究近距离保护层开采条件下瓦斯场、位移场、应力场、裂隙场、塑性损伤区的形成、分布、演化机理和保护层与被保护层之间安全岩柱的受力、变形、破坏、失稳特性,对于人们进一步认识保护层的防突机理,合理规划、设计保护层,扩大保护范围,评价和优化保护效果,采取更加有效的预防瓦斯突出措施,实现煤-气安全、高效开采具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。
论文运用理论分析、实验室实验、数学计算、数值模拟和现场参数测试相结合的方法,以平顶山煤业集团有限责任公司为研究对象,对近距离保护层开采条件下的多场演化规律和安全岩柱特性进行了研究,取得了如下成果：
理论分析部分：运用矿山岩石力学、矿山开采理论、煤岩渗透力学理论和瓦斯地质理论,分析了保护层开采过程中采动覆岩的应力场、裂隙场、瓦斯渗流场的演化规律,以及三场演化对煤岩气平衡体系失稳破坏的影响。
物理模拟部分：采用具有国内先进水平的采矿工程物理平面应变模型,测距仪、高速摄像机、电阻应变仪和智能数字采集仪等对覆岩移动破坏过程和“横三区、竖三带”破坏的时空规律进行相似模拟实验研究。
数值模拟部分：应用现有FLAC3D、FLAC5D、RFPA煤岩层破裂分析软件,SURFER数据处理软件及有限元数值模拟软件分析研究了上保护层开采过程中随工作面的推进上覆岩体的充分卸压高度、煤岩层破裂形态及范围以及支承压力分布特征,得出了保护层开采影响范围位移场、裂隙场、应力场、塑性区、瓦斯渗流场的时-空演化和动态分布规律。
安全岩柱研究：针对近距离保护层开采的特点,对保护层开采期间保护层与被保护层之间的安全开采关系进行了数值模拟研究,重点对保护层掘进期间的最小安全岩柱厚度和保护层开采期间的瓦斯突出危险性进行了模拟,得出了掘进期间的最小安全岩柱厚度值,并进行了动态的突出危险性分区,在此基础上提出了保护层开采期间的瓦斯治理措施。
现场应用研究：在上述研究的基础上,结合平顶山煤业集团有限责任公司五矿近距离上保护层己15煤层开采的实践,对实验室试验、物理模拟、数值模拟、理论计算结果进行现场验证,结果表明：实验室实验观测结果、数值模拟结果、现场实际测试结果能够很好的吻合。
The researching on Evolution laws of Multiple field and the Performance of security pillar in condition of the closed protection mining has challenged many researchs of the field of coal mine safety from the home and the abroad to devote them to it. As a base of studying the gas outburst preventing in condition protective layer mining, It Has an important theoretical significance and practical engineering value to research the mechanism of formation distribution and evolution of Gas field, displacement field,stress field, fracture field,plastic damage zone and the properties of strength,deformation,destruction and instability of the Security pillar between Protective layer and the Protected layer in condition of the protective layer mining For the people gain a better understanding of the protective layer of Outburst Mechanism,Plan and design protection layer, expand the scope of protection, optimize the protective effect and also take more effective measures for the prevention of gas outburst.
Paper using Integrated the method of theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments, numerical calculation, computer simulation and field testing of parameters, taking the Pingdingshan Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. as the research object, study the laws of the evolution of the Multiple field and the characteristics of the security pillar in conditions of the close protective layer mining. The conclusion Made more consistent with each other.
On Theoretical analysis:using the konwledge of mining rock mechanics, mining theory,mechanics of coal permeability and gas geological theories, paper Analysised the rules of the evolution of the overburden stress field, fracture field and gas seepage in the process of protective layer mining and their influence on the destruction of a balanced systemof coal and gas.
On physical simulation studies:Study the Movement andfailure process of rock and the Evolution laws of the "three-zone horizontal and vertical three-zone" in conditions of the close protective layer mining using the advanced level of mining engineering physical plane strain model, range finder, high-speed cameras, strain gauge and intelligent digital sampler.
On Numerical simulation studies:Analysis of the full relief height with the overlying rock face of advancing,coal and rock fracturing pressure distribution range and bearing characteristicmining in the process of the protective layer using the Simulation software of the FLAC3D、UDEC、RFPA、SURFER ect.
On Pillar of security studies:Considing the particularity of close Protection layer mining,the thesis studied the security with the method of numerical simulation study During the Close protection layer mining,Reached the minimum safety thickness of rock column during Tunneling, And carried out the danger of the dynamic partition,on this basis, Proposed protective layer of gas control measures during mining.
On Field Application studies:Based on the above-mentioned study, Combined Minmetals mining, geological conditions of Pingdingshan Coal Group Co.Ltd.studied the mining process of the JI-15 protective layer above mining by the numerical simulation, Conducted a three-dimensional visual display, it is shown that the numercial results, Laboratory observations, the actual field test results about the closed protection mining can be a good fit.
论文运用理论分析、实验室实验、数学计算、数值模拟和现场参数测试相结合的方法,以平顶山煤业集团有限责任公司为研究对象,对近距离保护层开采条件下的多场演化规律和安全岩柱特性进行了研究,取得了如下成果：
理论分析部分：运用矿山岩石力学、矿山开采理论、煤岩渗透力学理论和瓦斯地质理论,分析了保护层开采过程中采动覆岩的应力场、裂隙场、瓦斯渗流场的演化规律,以及三场演化对煤岩气平衡体系失稳破坏的影响。
物理模拟部分：采用具有国内先进水平的采矿工程物理平面应变模型,测距仪、高速摄像机、电阻应变仪和智能数字采集仪等对覆岩移动破坏过程和“横三区、竖三带”破坏的时空规律进行相似模拟实验研究。
数值模拟部分：应用现有FLAC3D、FLAC5D、RFPA煤岩层破裂分析软件,SURFER数据处理软件及有限元数值模拟软件分析研究了上保护层开采过程中随工作面的推进上覆岩体的充分卸压高度、煤岩层破裂形态及范围以及支承压力分布特征,得出了保护层开采影响范围位移场、裂隙场、应力场、塑性区、瓦斯渗流场的时-空演化和动态分布规律。
安全岩柱研究：针对近距离保护层开采的特点,对保护层开采期间保护层与被保护层之间的安全开采关系进行了数值模拟研究,重点对保护层掘进期间的最小安全岩柱厚度和保护层开采期间的瓦斯突出危险性进行了模拟,得出了掘进期间的最小安全岩柱厚度值,并进行了动态的突出危险性分区,在此基础上提出了保护层开采期间的瓦斯治理措施。
现场应用研究：在上述研究的基础上,结合平顶山煤业集团有限责任公司五矿近距离上保护层己15煤层开采的实践,对实验室试验、物理模拟、数值模拟、理论计算结果进行现场验证,结果表明：实验室实验观测结果、数值模拟结果、现场实际测试结果能够很好的吻合。
The researching on Evolution laws of Multiple field and the Performance of security pillar in condition of the closed protection mining has challenged many researchs of the field of coal mine safety from the home and the abroad to devote them to it. As a base of studying the gas outburst preventing in condition protective layer mining, It Has an important theoretical significance and practical engineering value to research the mechanism of formation distribution and evolution of Gas field, displacement field,stress field, fracture field,plastic damage zone and the properties of strength,deformation,destruction and instability of the Security pillar between Protective layer and the Protected layer in condition of the protective layer mining For the people gain a better understanding of the protective layer of Outburst Mechanism,Plan and design protection layer, expand the scope of protection, optimize the protective effect and also take more effective measures for the prevention of gas outburst.
Paper using Integrated the method of theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments, numerical calculation, computer simulation and field testing of parameters, taking the Pingdingshan Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. as the research object, study the laws of the evolution of the Multiple field and the characteristics of the security pillar in conditions of the close protective layer mining. The conclusion Made more consistent with each other.
On Theoretical analysis:using the konwledge of mining rock mechanics, mining theory,mechanics of coal permeability and gas geological theories, paper Analysised the rules of the evolution of the overburden stress field, fracture field and gas seepage in the process of protective layer mining and their influence on the destruction of a balanced systemof coal and gas.
On physical simulation studies:Study the Movement andfailure process of rock and the Evolution laws of the "three-zone horizontal and vertical three-zone" in conditions of the close protective layer mining using the advanced level of mining engineering physical plane strain model, range finder, high-speed cameras, strain gauge and intelligent digital sampler.
On Numerical simulation studies:Analysis of the full relief height with the overlying rock face of advancing,coal and rock fracturing pressure distribution range and bearing characteristicmining in the process of the protective layer using the Simulation software of the FLAC3D、UDEC、RFPA、SURFER ect.
On Pillar of security studies:Considing the particularity of close Protection layer mining,the thesis studied the security with the method of numerical simulation study During the Close protection layer mining,Reached the minimum safety thickness of rock column during Tunneling, And carried out the danger of the dynamic partition,on this basis, Proposed protective layer of gas control measures during mining.
On Field Application studies:Based on the above-mentioned study, Combined Minmetals mining, geological conditions of Pingdingshan Coal Group Co.Ltd.studied the mining process of the JI-15 protective layer above mining by the numerical simulation, Conducted a three-dimensional visual display, it is shown that the numercial results, Laboratory observations, the actual field test results about the closed protection mining can be a good fit.
引文
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