基于治理的公共项目管理绩效改善研究
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摘要
目前,我国正处于公共项目投资与建设的鼎盛时期,但其绩效水平普遍不高,如何有效地改善公共项目管理绩效一直都是理论界与实务界共同关注的课题。传统的公共项目管理绩效改善普遍采用管理学范式的方法,而本文试图论证项目治理是公共项目管理绩效提高的根本性动因,并从这一崭新的研究视角来探讨如何实现公共项目管理绩效的系统化、科学化改善。为此,本文运用文献综述研究、理论逻辑分析、问卷调查及数据统计分析、借鉴和学习成熟模型和理论等方法,主要对以下几方面内容进行了深入探讨:
1.基于公共项目的契约本质、项目治理理论的研究进展以及公共项目治理的特殊性进一步完善了公共项目治理理论框架:界定了公共项目治理的本质和定义,解答了“为何要治理(Why)”、“由谁来治理(Who)”、“治理什么(What)”及“怎样治理(How)”等问题,并对公共项目的善治及其实现进行了试探性分析。
2.重新界定了公共项目管理绩效的概念,并将其影响因素归纳为可控的和不可控的两类,前者包括治理和管理两大范畴,是本研究需要关注的部分;论文通过检索大量文献获得公共项目管理绩效的评价指标和影响因素及其排序,并据此设计调查问卷以鉴定企业型代建项目管理绩效的关键评价指标和影响因素。
3.引用产业组织理论中的SCP范式从理论上分析得出公共项目的G→M→P关系;之后,运用结构方程模型的方法对60个企业型代建项目的真实数据进行统计分析,实践检验了公共项目的G*→M→P关系,并得出其具体作用路径。由此首次系统论证了治理对于公共项目管理绩效的积极作用,从而形成与原有项目管理方法的互补。
4.对传统的基于管理的公共项目管理绩效改善方法进行优化,从而提出了公共项目管理绩效过程评价与持续改善模型;将其合理应用于基于治理的公共项目管理绩效改善之中以实现公共项目治理水平的系统化改善以及评价与改善的紧密结合。
本论文是国家自然科学基金资助项目《基于治理结构与机制的公共项目管理绩效改善研究》(70772058/G0209)的重要组成部分。
China is in the flourishing period of public project investment and construction at present, however, the public project management performance (PPMP) is still not very satisfying and how to improve it successfully grasps increasing attention in both theory and practice. The forepassed studies on PPMP improvement are dominated by the management paradigm, while this research attempts to prove the fact that project governance is the fundamental driver of PPMP improvement, and investigate how to improve PPMP systematically and scientifically from this fire-new viewpoint. To achieve these objectives, methods such as literature review, logical analysis, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, using mature model or theory for reference are applied to analyze the problems as follows:
1. The theoretical framework of public project governance is further improved based on the contractual nature of the public project, the research progress of project governance theory and the particularity of public project governance. In this theoretical framework, the essence and definition of public project governance are put forward, and then the puzzles such as why public project governance is needed, who should govern the public project, what should be governed in the public project and how to govern are analyzed and answered, at last, the concept of good governance and how to achieve it are explored tentatively.
2. The concept of PPMP is redefined and the factors influencing it are concluded to two groupings: controllable factor grouping and uncontrollable factor grouping. The former includes factors that belong to project management (PM) and project governance (PG) and is discussed in the thesis. Whereafter, the critical evaluation indicators and influential factors of PPMP are obtained through consulting a great deal of publications and they are used to design questionnaire to identify the critical evaluation indicators and influential factors for enterprise agent construction project in China.
3. The relationship of Governance→Management→Performance in public project is confirmed theoretically using SCP paradigm in Theory of Industrial Organization, and then it is tested by real data of 60 enterprise agent construction projects using structural equation modeling (SEM) and specific paths are discussed at the same time. Thus the positive effect of PG on PPMP is testified thoroughly and the complementarity of the fire-new viewpoint, i.e. PG, and the original viewpoint, i.e. PM, so acutely emerges.
4. Two approaches to improve PPMP are presented, namely PG and PM, according to the confirmed relationship of Governance→Management→Performance in public project. The traditional method to improve PPMP based on PM is optimized and the model of PPMP process evaluation and continuous improvement is presented, then, the model is properly applied to the PPMP improvement based on PG to make the improvement systematic and combine evaluation with improvement closely.
The research is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research on the Improvement of Public Project Management Performance Based on Governance Structure and Governance Mechanism (No.70772058/G0209).
1.基于公共项目的契约本质、项目治理理论的研究进展以及公共项目治理的特殊性进一步完善了公共项目治理理论框架:界定了公共项目治理的本质和定义,解答了“为何要治理(Why)”、“由谁来治理(Who)”、“治理什么(What)”及“怎样治理(How)”等问题,并对公共项目的善治及其实现进行了试探性分析。
2.重新界定了公共项目管理绩效的概念,并将其影响因素归纳为可控的和不可控的两类,前者包括治理和管理两大范畴,是本研究需要关注的部分;论文通过检索大量文献获得公共项目管理绩效的评价指标和影响因素及其排序,并据此设计调查问卷以鉴定企业型代建项目管理绩效的关键评价指标和影响因素。
3.引用产业组织理论中的SCP范式从理论上分析得出公共项目的G→M→P关系;之后,运用结构方程模型的方法对60个企业型代建项目的真实数据进行统计分析,实践检验了公共项目的G*→M→P关系,并得出其具体作用路径。由此首次系统论证了治理对于公共项目管理绩效的积极作用,从而形成与原有项目管理方法的互补。
4.对传统的基于管理的公共项目管理绩效改善方法进行优化,从而提出了公共项目管理绩效过程评价与持续改善模型;将其合理应用于基于治理的公共项目管理绩效改善之中以实现公共项目治理水平的系统化改善以及评价与改善的紧密结合。
本论文是国家自然科学基金资助项目《基于治理结构与机制的公共项目管理绩效改善研究》(70772058/G0209)的重要组成部分。
China is in the flourishing period of public project investment and construction at present, however, the public project management performance (PPMP) is still not very satisfying and how to improve it successfully grasps increasing attention in both theory and practice. The forepassed studies on PPMP improvement are dominated by the management paradigm, while this research attempts to prove the fact that project governance is the fundamental driver of PPMP improvement, and investigate how to improve PPMP systematically and scientifically from this fire-new viewpoint. To achieve these objectives, methods such as literature review, logical analysis, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, using mature model or theory for reference are applied to analyze the problems as follows:
1. The theoretical framework of public project governance is further improved based on the contractual nature of the public project, the research progress of project governance theory and the particularity of public project governance. In this theoretical framework, the essence and definition of public project governance are put forward, and then the puzzles such as why public project governance is needed, who should govern the public project, what should be governed in the public project and how to govern are analyzed and answered, at last, the concept of good governance and how to achieve it are explored tentatively.
2. The concept of PPMP is redefined and the factors influencing it are concluded to two groupings: controllable factor grouping and uncontrollable factor grouping. The former includes factors that belong to project management (PM) and project governance (PG) and is discussed in the thesis. Whereafter, the critical evaluation indicators and influential factors of PPMP are obtained through consulting a great deal of publications and they are used to design questionnaire to identify the critical evaluation indicators and influential factors for enterprise agent construction project in China.
3. The relationship of Governance→Management→Performance in public project is confirmed theoretically using SCP paradigm in Theory of Industrial Organization, and then it is tested by real data of 60 enterprise agent construction projects using structural equation modeling (SEM) and specific paths are discussed at the same time. Thus the positive effect of PG on PPMP is testified thoroughly and the complementarity of the fire-new viewpoint, i.e. PG, and the original viewpoint, i.e. PM, so acutely emerges.
4. Two approaches to improve PPMP are presented, namely PG and PM, according to the confirmed relationship of Governance→Management→Performance in public project. The traditional method to improve PPMP based on PM is optimized and the model of PPMP process evaluation and continuous improvement is presented, then, the model is properly applied to the PPMP improvement based on PG to make the improvement systematic and combine evaluation with improvement closely.
The research is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research on the Improvement of Public Project Management Performance Based on Governance Structure and Governance Mechanism (No.70772058/G0209).
引文
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