针灸对不同应激源所致免疫失调模型大鼠行为学及相关因子影响的实验研究
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摘要
随着现代社会的高速发展,激烈的社会竞争,快速的生活节奏,使现代心身性疾病日益增多,严重影响人们的生活与健康。针灸作为我国传统医学宝库中的一颗明珠,具有疏通经络、调和阴阳、扶正祛邪的作用。同时把调神、治神摆在防治疾病的首位,形成了以改善人的心理、行为和机体功能为目的的整体治疗特点。在课题组前期的实验中,论证了针灸作为良性应激源对不同应激源引起的免疫失调状态有多方面、多环节、多途径、多水平的双向良性调整作用,而且发现不同应激源可导致机体行为的异常改变。
因此,本实验在前期实验的基础上,从行为学的角度,继续采用佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型和束缚应激大鼠模型,选取百会、关元、足三里穴,观察不同应激源与针灸介入后,对模型大鼠机体免疫功能失调的影响及由此所产生的情绪、认知等心理行为改变的特点,探讨针灸作为良性应激源对心理行为及免疫功能的整体调控机制与作用机理。
实验中选取雄性Wistar大鼠120只,随机分为15组：即正常组、AA模型组、束缚模型组、AA针＼灸百会穴组、AA针＼灸关元穴组、AA针＼灸足三里穴组、束缚针＼灸百会穴组、束缚针＼灸关元穴组、束缚AA针＼灸足三里穴组,每组8只；AA模型以完全弗氏佐剂制备,束缚模型以自制布袋每天束缚20min造模；采用行为学检测方法分别在造模前1 d、造模后1d、第四次治疗后、第七次治疗后、第十次治疗后测定AA模型大鼠机械痛阈与热痛敏阈值,同时在造模前、造模后、第5次治疗、第9次治疗后进行饮水冲突检测；并运用酶联免疫、免疫组织化学等技术方法检测大鼠血液、关节与中枢内相关细胞因子、神经递质等,观察针灸对不同应激源所致免疫失调模型大鼠行为学改变的影响,初步探讨针灸作为良性应激源的内在作用机理。
主要实验结果：
1AA模型造模后,各模型组大鼠机械痛阈与热痛敏阈值均显著下降(P<0.01)右足爪出现明显的红、肿、热状态。针灸治疗后,各治疗组大鼠痛阈逐渐上升。
2 AA模型组大鼠关节NF-κB表达显著高于正常组(P<0.01),HSP70下降(P<0.05),且脊髓c-fos的表达、血清TNF-α含量的上升。针灸各穴组治疗后,各治疗组大鼠关节HSP 70显著上升,其中AA针足三里组与正常组、模型组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01),灸组与正常组比较(P>0.05)；NF-κB与脊髓c-fos表达下降。从各AA模型组大鼠痛阈变化趋势来看：百会穴在AA模型原发反应期即有明显的镇痛效应,关元穴组与足三里穴组则作用较平稳,并有效的减轻了AA模型大鼠继发反应性疼痛。其中以百会穴组、足三里穴组作用强于关元穴组,且灸百会作用优于电针百会穴,灸关元组优于电针关元组,电针足三里优于灸足三里组。
3饮水冲突实验表明：AA模型与束缚模型组大鼠舔水次数逐渐下降(P<0.01),针灸治疗后,各治疗组舔水次数有不同程度的升高,其中AA模型以针百会穴、灸足三里穴组显著高于模型组(P<0.05),束缚模型各治疗组(除灸足三里组)均高于模型组(P<0.01),以针＼灸百会穴组最为显著,而灸关元与针足三里组在第5次治疗后舔水次数增长显著,与模型组比较(P<0.01),且第9次治疗后针关元穴组大鼠舔水次数显著上升,但灸足三里组模型大鼠舔水次数没有显著性改变。
4针、灸各穴组治疗后,AA模型与束缚模型大鼠大脑皮质DA、海马5-HT的释放均显著性升高,其中以电针关元组作用最为显著,其次为电针百会穴与电针足三里穴；同时伴有AA模型与束缚模型大鼠下丘脑c-fos表达下调。其中针灸两种介入方法在慢性炎性痛模型中能良性调节c-fos、5-HT、DA的释放,穴位间以关元穴对慢性炎性痛应激模型作用最为显著；束缚模型中,则以艾灸作用强于电针组,且以灸百会穴组、灸足三里穴组作用优于灸关元穴。
5佐剂性关节炎所致的慢性炎性痛模型大鼠血清IFN-γ出现下降趋势,而TNF-α呈上升趋势；束缚模型大鼠血清IFN-γ与TNF-α水平变化趋势则与AA模型组相反,这提示两种不同应激源导致模型大鼠出现了不同的免疫失调状态。针灸各治疗组均使两种模型中血清IFN-γ的水平继续下降,而TNF-α水平则以上调为主。
6AA模型与束缚模型组大鼠海马OFQ含量与正常组比较呈上升趋势(P>0.05),治疗后,AA模型中,针＼灸各穴治疗组OFQ含量均高于模型组,其中灸关元组与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)；束缚模型中,灸组以上升为主,且灸关元组与模型组有统计差异(P<0.05),电针组海马OFQ含量以下降为主,与正常组、模型组比较没有差异(P>0.05)。
结论：
1.慢性炎性痛应激与束缚应激均可致机体可致机体免疫功能紊乱,并出现不同程度的行为学改变。
2.针灸可以通过促进炎症局部HSP7。的表达,提高细胞耐受,抑制NF-κB的活性与c-fos基因的即刻表达,中断炎症级联反应信号转导途径,减轻局部组织的炎症、水肿与痛敏状态。
3.针灸可能通过促进大脑皮质DA的释放,参与应激信号转导,调控下丘脑c-fos表达与海马5-HT含量,抑制细胞凋亡,调节模型大鼠的免疫抑制状态,改善AA模型大鼠痛敏与抗应激能力。
4.针灸通过对IFN--γ、TNF-α两者分泌水平比例失衡的调节,达到改善机体的免疫紊乱状态。
5.我们推测针灸可通过调节海马OFQ水平,促进皮质DA等神经递质的合成、释放与代谢,参与机体的痛觉、抗应激及免疫调节过程,改善模型大鼠的感觉与行为异常。
综上所述：针灸三穴可通过多水平、多途径、多靶点的调节作用,中断炎症级联反应信号转导,启动机体抗应激系统,参与免疫调节过程,改善模型大鼠的感觉与行为异常。
With the rapid development of modern society, the fierce social competition, the rapid pace of life, increasing number of modern psychosomatic disease, which seriously affect people's lives and health. Acupuncture,as a bright pearl of Traditional Chinese medicine,can dredge meridians,regulate yin and yang,strengthen body's resistance and eliminate pathogenic factor. And adjusting and managing mental has been in the first place to prevent and treat the disease, Acupuncture has formed the whole regulation characteristics for the purpose to improve the psychological, behavior and body functions.The Early experiments in the discussion group,we demonstrated acupuncture as benign stressors has many more links, multi-channesl, multi-levels two-ways role adjustment, on different immune disorders caused by stressors state,and found that different stressors can lead to behavior changes of abnormal in the body.
Therefore, this experiment based on the previous experiment, from the behavior perspective, continue to use the adjuvant arthritis model and bondage stress model,selecting Baihui, Guan Yuan, Zusanli, observed the characteristics of immune,psychological and behavioral change by interventing of different stressors and acupuncture, Explored the whole regulation mechanism that Acupuncture effect on the psychological behavior and immune function.
The experiment uses male Wistar rat 120, randomly divided into 15 groups:The control group, the AA model group, the bondage stress model group,the AA acupuncture and moxibustion Baihui group, AA acupuncture and moxibustion Guanyuan, AA acupuncture and moxibustion Zusanli group, the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Baihui group, the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Guanyuan group,the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Zusanli group, each group of 8.AA model with complete Freund's adjuvant, bondage model using self-made bag every day tied 20min; AA rats Pain threshold detection method:1 d before modeling, 1d after modeling, after the 4th treatment, after the 7th treatment,after thelOth treatment, mechanical pain threshold and thermal withdrawal latency;Vogel's conflict test:1 d before modeling, Id after modeling,after the 5th treatment,after the 9th treatment; And using technical method to exam the cytokines, neurotransmitters, etc in blood, bone and brain by ELISA, immunohistochemistry.
Main result are as following
1 AA model group mechanical pain threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were significantly decreased (P<0.01), right foot claw noticeable red, swollen, hot state. After acupuncture treatment, the pain threshold of treatment groups gradually increased.
2 Compared with control group, NF-κB expression of AA model group in joint was significantly higher (P<0.01), HSP70 decreased (P<0.05), and c-fos expression in spinal cord. TNF-αIn serum content increased, after treatment Acupuncture the point group, the treated group joint HSP70 increased significantly, Compared with control group and normal group, AA Acupuncture Zusanli group were significantly increased (P<0.01), Compared with control group, AA moxibustion Zusanli group (P> 0.05); NF-κB and c-fos expression obviously decreased.From the changes of pain threshold trend in AA model group:BAIHUI primary response is Significant analgesic effect in the AA model,the analgesic effect more smoothly in Guanyuan group and Zusanli group, Especially secondary reaction of pain. In all treatment groups,BAIHUI group and Zusanli group was stronger than Guanyuan group, and moxibustion Baihui better than EA BAIHUI, moxibustion group was better than EA Guanyuan group, EA Zusanli group is better than Moxibustion Zusanli group.
3 Experiments show that Vogel's conflict test:the licking-number of AA model group and the bondage stress model group gradually decreased (P<0.01), after acupuncture treatment, the licking-number of treatment groups have varying degrees increased, Compared with AA model group, AA acupuncture Baihui group and AA moxibustion Zusanli were significantly higher (P<0.05), all treatment groups in the bondage stress model group (except moxibustion Zusanli group) (P<0.01), acupuncture\moxibustion Baihui group most significantly, the licking-number at the 5th treatment increased significantly in moxibustion Guanyuan group and acupuncture Zusanli group(P<0.01), and the licking-number at the 9th treatment increased significantly in acupuncture Guanyuan group,However, the licking-number of moxibustion Zusanli group no significant change.
4. After acupuncture and moxibustion treatment to every point groups,the release of the rats'cerebral cortex DA and hippocampus 5-HT in the model AA group and restricted group rises significantly, among which the effect of galvano-acupuncture to GuanYuan group is the most, the galvano-acupuncture to BaiHui group and ZuSanLi group are the next; in the meanwhile accompanied by down expression of hypothalamus c-fos in the model AA group and restricted group.The acupuncture and moxibustion intervening ways can benignly regulate the release of c-fos、5-HT、DA in chronic inflammatory pain model,the effect of GuanYuan to the chronic inflammatory pain stress model is most significant among the pionts; In the restricted group, the effect of moxibustion is better than the galvano-acupuncture group,and the effect of moxibustion to BaiHui group and ZuSanLi group is better than the GuanYuan group.
5 The rats serum IFN-y appears decline trend in the chronic inflammatory pain model induced by adjuvant arthritis,but TNF-a appears rising trend;The changing trend of serum IFN-y and TNF-a in the bondage stress model group is in contrast to the AA model group,which suggests two different stressor induces rat models to come out different immune disorder state.All acupunctures to each treatment groups make two models serum IFN-y level continue decreasing,the TNF-a level gives priority to upregulate yet.
6 The rats hippocampus OFQ content in the AA model group and bondage stress model group appears rising trend compared with normal (P>0.05),after treatment,all the OFQ content of acupuncture and moxibustion to each point treatment in AA model groups are higher than modeling group, there is significant difference betwwen the moxibustion to GuanYuan group and modeling group (P<0.01);in the bondage stress model group,the moxibustion groups give priority to upregulate,and there is statistic difference between the moxibustion to GuanYuan and modeling group (P<0.05),the hippocampus OFQ content in galvano-acupuncture group gives priority to decrease. there is no difference compared with the nomal and modeling groups (P>0.05) Conclusion:
1.Chronic inflammatory pain stress and the bondage stress can cause Immune disorders, and varying degrees of behavioral change.
2.Acupuncture can promote the expression of HSP70 in inflammation, improve cell tolerance, inhibit the activity of NF-κB and c-fos gene immediately expression interrupt the inflammatory cascade signaling pathway, to reduce local tissue inflammation, edema and hyperalgesia state.
3. Acupuncture may promote the release of DA in cerebral cortex, involved in stress signal transduction, regulation of c-fos expression in the hypothalamus and 5-HT content in hippocampus, inhibit apoptosis, regulate immunosuppression rats, improved AA model rat pain sensitivity and stress resistance.
4.Acupuncture can adjusted the imbalance between the secretion of IFN-y and TNF-a bImprove the immune disorder state.
5.We speculate that acupuncture can regulate hippocampal OFQ levels, and promote cortical DA and other neurotransmitters synthesis, release and metabolism,involved in the body of pain, anti-stress and immune regulation process, improve the abnormal feeling and behavior of stree model rats
In conclusion:Acupuncture through the regulation of multi-level, multi-channel, multi-target, interrupt the inflammatory cascade, signal transduction, start anti-stress body systems, Involved in the process of immune regulation, to improve the disorders of feel and behavior in the model rats.
因此,本实验在前期实验的基础上,从行为学的角度,继续采用佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型和束缚应激大鼠模型,选取百会、关元、足三里穴,观察不同应激源与针灸介入后,对模型大鼠机体免疫功能失调的影响及由此所产生的情绪、认知等心理行为改变的特点,探讨针灸作为良性应激源对心理行为及免疫功能的整体调控机制与作用机理。
实验中选取雄性Wistar大鼠120只,随机分为15组：即正常组、AA模型组、束缚模型组、AA针＼灸百会穴组、AA针＼灸关元穴组、AA针＼灸足三里穴组、束缚针＼灸百会穴组、束缚针＼灸关元穴组、束缚AA针＼灸足三里穴组,每组8只；AA模型以完全弗氏佐剂制备,束缚模型以自制布袋每天束缚20min造模；采用行为学检测方法分别在造模前1 d、造模后1d、第四次治疗后、第七次治疗后、第十次治疗后测定AA模型大鼠机械痛阈与热痛敏阈值,同时在造模前、造模后、第5次治疗、第9次治疗后进行饮水冲突检测；并运用酶联免疫、免疫组织化学等技术方法检测大鼠血液、关节与中枢内相关细胞因子、神经递质等,观察针灸对不同应激源所致免疫失调模型大鼠行为学改变的影响,初步探讨针灸作为良性应激源的内在作用机理。
主要实验结果：
1AA模型造模后,各模型组大鼠机械痛阈与热痛敏阈值均显著下降(P<0.01)右足爪出现明显的红、肿、热状态。针灸治疗后,各治疗组大鼠痛阈逐渐上升。
2 AA模型组大鼠关节NF-κB表达显著高于正常组(P<0.01),HSP70下降(P<0.05),且脊髓c-fos的表达、血清TNF-α含量的上升。针灸各穴组治疗后,各治疗组大鼠关节HSP 70显著上升,其中AA针足三里组与正常组、模型组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01),灸组与正常组比较(P>0.05)；NF-κB与脊髓c-fos表达下降。从各AA模型组大鼠痛阈变化趋势来看：百会穴在AA模型原发反应期即有明显的镇痛效应,关元穴组与足三里穴组则作用较平稳,并有效的减轻了AA模型大鼠继发反应性疼痛。其中以百会穴组、足三里穴组作用强于关元穴组,且灸百会作用优于电针百会穴,灸关元组优于电针关元组,电针足三里优于灸足三里组。
3饮水冲突实验表明：AA模型与束缚模型组大鼠舔水次数逐渐下降(P<0.01),针灸治疗后,各治疗组舔水次数有不同程度的升高,其中AA模型以针百会穴、灸足三里穴组显著高于模型组(P<0.05),束缚模型各治疗组(除灸足三里组)均高于模型组(P<0.01),以针＼灸百会穴组最为显著,而灸关元与针足三里组在第5次治疗后舔水次数增长显著,与模型组比较(P<0.01),且第9次治疗后针关元穴组大鼠舔水次数显著上升,但灸足三里组模型大鼠舔水次数没有显著性改变。
4针、灸各穴组治疗后,AA模型与束缚模型大鼠大脑皮质DA、海马5-HT的释放均显著性升高,其中以电针关元组作用最为显著,其次为电针百会穴与电针足三里穴；同时伴有AA模型与束缚模型大鼠下丘脑c-fos表达下调。其中针灸两种介入方法在慢性炎性痛模型中能良性调节c-fos、5-HT、DA的释放,穴位间以关元穴对慢性炎性痛应激模型作用最为显著；束缚模型中,则以艾灸作用强于电针组,且以灸百会穴组、灸足三里穴组作用优于灸关元穴。
5佐剂性关节炎所致的慢性炎性痛模型大鼠血清IFN-γ出现下降趋势,而TNF-α呈上升趋势；束缚模型大鼠血清IFN-γ与TNF-α水平变化趋势则与AA模型组相反,这提示两种不同应激源导致模型大鼠出现了不同的免疫失调状态。针灸各治疗组均使两种模型中血清IFN-γ的水平继续下降,而TNF-α水平则以上调为主。
6AA模型与束缚模型组大鼠海马OFQ含量与正常组比较呈上升趋势(P>0.05),治疗后,AA模型中,针＼灸各穴治疗组OFQ含量均高于模型组,其中灸关元组与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)；束缚模型中,灸组以上升为主,且灸关元组与模型组有统计差异(P<0.05),电针组海马OFQ含量以下降为主,与正常组、模型组比较没有差异(P>0.05)。
结论：
1.慢性炎性痛应激与束缚应激均可致机体可致机体免疫功能紊乱,并出现不同程度的行为学改变。
2.针灸可以通过促进炎症局部HSP7。的表达,提高细胞耐受,抑制NF-κB的活性与c-fos基因的即刻表达,中断炎症级联反应信号转导途径,减轻局部组织的炎症、水肿与痛敏状态。
3.针灸可能通过促进大脑皮质DA的释放,参与应激信号转导,调控下丘脑c-fos表达与海马5-HT含量,抑制细胞凋亡,调节模型大鼠的免疫抑制状态,改善AA模型大鼠痛敏与抗应激能力。
4.针灸通过对IFN--γ、TNF-α两者分泌水平比例失衡的调节,达到改善机体的免疫紊乱状态。
5.我们推测针灸可通过调节海马OFQ水平,促进皮质DA等神经递质的合成、释放与代谢,参与机体的痛觉、抗应激及免疫调节过程,改善模型大鼠的感觉与行为异常。
综上所述：针灸三穴可通过多水平、多途径、多靶点的调节作用,中断炎症级联反应信号转导,启动机体抗应激系统,参与免疫调节过程,改善模型大鼠的感觉与行为异常。
With the rapid development of modern society, the fierce social competition, the rapid pace of life, increasing number of modern psychosomatic disease, which seriously affect people's lives and health. Acupuncture,as a bright pearl of Traditional Chinese medicine,can dredge meridians,regulate yin and yang,strengthen body's resistance and eliminate pathogenic factor. And adjusting and managing mental has been in the first place to prevent and treat the disease, Acupuncture has formed the whole regulation characteristics for the purpose to improve the psychological, behavior and body functions.The Early experiments in the discussion group,we demonstrated acupuncture as benign stressors has many more links, multi-channesl, multi-levels two-ways role adjustment, on different immune disorders caused by stressors state,and found that different stressors can lead to behavior changes of abnormal in the body.
Therefore, this experiment based on the previous experiment, from the behavior perspective, continue to use the adjuvant arthritis model and bondage stress model,selecting Baihui, Guan Yuan, Zusanli, observed the characteristics of immune,psychological and behavioral change by interventing of different stressors and acupuncture, Explored the whole regulation mechanism that Acupuncture effect on the psychological behavior and immune function.
The experiment uses male Wistar rat 120, randomly divided into 15 groups:The control group, the AA model group, the bondage stress model group,the AA acupuncture and moxibustion Baihui group, AA acupuncture and moxibustion Guanyuan, AA acupuncture and moxibustion Zusanli group, the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Baihui group, the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Guanyuan group,the bondage stress model acupuncture and moxibustion Zusanli group, each group of 8.AA model with complete Freund's adjuvant, bondage model using self-made bag every day tied 20min; AA rats Pain threshold detection method:1 d before modeling, 1d after modeling, after the 4th treatment, after the 7th treatment,after thelOth treatment, mechanical pain threshold and thermal withdrawal latency;Vogel's conflict test:1 d before modeling, Id after modeling,after the 5th treatment,after the 9th treatment; And using technical method to exam the cytokines, neurotransmitters, etc in blood, bone and brain by ELISA, immunohistochemistry.
Main result are as following
1 AA model group mechanical pain threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were significantly decreased (P<0.01), right foot claw noticeable red, swollen, hot state. After acupuncture treatment, the pain threshold of treatment groups gradually increased.
2 Compared with control group, NF-κB expression of AA model group in joint was significantly higher (P<0.01), HSP70 decreased (P<0.05), and c-fos expression in spinal cord. TNF-αIn serum content increased, after treatment Acupuncture the point group, the treated group joint HSP70 increased significantly, Compared with control group and normal group, AA Acupuncture Zusanli group were significantly increased (P<0.01), Compared with control group, AA moxibustion Zusanli group (P> 0.05); NF-κB and c-fos expression obviously decreased.From the changes of pain threshold trend in AA model group:BAIHUI primary response is Significant analgesic effect in the AA model,the analgesic effect more smoothly in Guanyuan group and Zusanli group, Especially secondary reaction of pain. In all treatment groups,BAIHUI group and Zusanli group was stronger than Guanyuan group, and moxibustion Baihui better than EA BAIHUI, moxibustion group was better than EA Guanyuan group, EA Zusanli group is better than Moxibustion Zusanli group.
3 Experiments show that Vogel's conflict test:the licking-number of AA model group and the bondage stress model group gradually decreased (P<0.01), after acupuncture treatment, the licking-number of treatment groups have varying degrees increased, Compared with AA model group, AA acupuncture Baihui group and AA moxibustion Zusanli were significantly higher (P<0.05), all treatment groups in the bondage stress model group (except moxibustion Zusanli group) (P<0.01), acupuncture\moxibustion Baihui group most significantly, the licking-number at the 5th treatment increased significantly in moxibustion Guanyuan group and acupuncture Zusanli group(P<0.01), and the licking-number at the 9th treatment increased significantly in acupuncture Guanyuan group,However, the licking-number of moxibustion Zusanli group no significant change.
4. After acupuncture and moxibustion treatment to every point groups,the release of the rats'cerebral cortex DA and hippocampus 5-HT in the model AA group and restricted group rises significantly, among which the effect of galvano-acupuncture to GuanYuan group is the most, the galvano-acupuncture to BaiHui group and ZuSanLi group are the next; in the meanwhile accompanied by down expression of hypothalamus c-fos in the model AA group and restricted group.The acupuncture and moxibustion intervening ways can benignly regulate the release of c-fos、5-HT、DA in chronic inflammatory pain model,the effect of GuanYuan to the chronic inflammatory pain stress model is most significant among the pionts; In the restricted group, the effect of moxibustion is better than the galvano-acupuncture group,and the effect of moxibustion to BaiHui group and ZuSanLi group is better than the GuanYuan group.
5 The rats serum IFN-y appears decline trend in the chronic inflammatory pain model induced by adjuvant arthritis,but TNF-a appears rising trend;The changing trend of serum IFN-y and TNF-a in the bondage stress model group is in contrast to the AA model group,which suggests two different stressor induces rat models to come out different immune disorder state.All acupunctures to each treatment groups make two models serum IFN-y level continue decreasing,the TNF-a level gives priority to upregulate yet.
6 The rats hippocampus OFQ content in the AA model group and bondage stress model group appears rising trend compared with normal (P>0.05),after treatment,all the OFQ content of acupuncture and moxibustion to each point treatment in AA model groups are higher than modeling group, there is significant difference betwwen the moxibustion to GuanYuan group and modeling group (P<0.01);in the bondage stress model group,the moxibustion groups give priority to upregulate,and there is statistic difference between the moxibustion to GuanYuan and modeling group (P<0.05),the hippocampus OFQ content in galvano-acupuncture group gives priority to decrease. there is no difference compared with the nomal and modeling groups (P>0.05) Conclusion:
1.Chronic inflammatory pain stress and the bondage stress can cause Immune disorders, and varying degrees of behavioral change.
2.Acupuncture can promote the expression of HSP70 in inflammation, improve cell tolerance, inhibit the activity of NF-κB and c-fos gene immediately expression interrupt the inflammatory cascade signaling pathway, to reduce local tissue inflammation, edema and hyperalgesia state.
3. Acupuncture may promote the release of DA in cerebral cortex, involved in stress signal transduction, regulation of c-fos expression in the hypothalamus and 5-HT content in hippocampus, inhibit apoptosis, regulate immunosuppression rats, improved AA model rat pain sensitivity and stress resistance.
4.Acupuncture can adjusted the imbalance between the secretion of IFN-y and TNF-a bImprove the immune disorder state.
5.We speculate that acupuncture can regulate hippocampal OFQ levels, and promote cortical DA and other neurotransmitters synthesis, release and metabolism,involved in the body of pain, anti-stress and immune regulation process, improve the abnormal feeling and behavior of stree model rats
In conclusion:Acupuncture through the regulation of multi-level, multi-channel, multi-target, interrupt the inflammatory cascade, signal transduction, start anti-stress body systems, Involved in the process of immune regulation, to improve the disorders of feel and behavior in the model rats.
引文
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