吕梁山西麓新近纪红粘土的磁性地层及古环境研究
|
摘要
黄土高原新近纪红粘土堆积蕴含着丰富的古环境变化信息,它真实而详细地记录了东亚季风的发展演化过程和亚洲内陆干早化的历史,对进一步探讨青藏高原的隆升以及全球气候变化提供了载体。在黄土高原东部粉尘堆积的起始时间和西部秦安地区相差较大,而且直接不整合覆盖在中生代砂岩之上,所以粉尘堆积的研究有利于了解黄土高原东部鄂尔多斯地块中上新世的构造运动。黄土高原的红粘土堆积被普遍认为是风成堆积,所以较老的风成堆积可以为季风的早期演化和长尺度的古气候变迁提供证据。在吕梁山前红粘土堆积中时常夹杂有砂砾石层、湖相层和化石层等典型的水成物质,这些物质良好地记录了晚新生代以来吕梁山山前盆地的演化,中上新世黄土高原的生态环境及气候变化事件。
在详细调查研究区新近纪地层的基础上,选择了位于吕梁山西麓中部的石楼,复兴和卫家洼3个红粘土剖面,对其进行详细的岩石磁学、磁极性地层、粒度、磁化率、沉积速率、古生物等方面的工作,并和北部保德和府谷地区的红粘土堆积进行对比,研究吕梁山西麓红粘土的古地磁年代、沉积环境、形成过程等,进而探讨吕梁山以及鄂尔多斯地块晚新生代的沉积演化,黄土高原中-上新世的环境变迁。
吕梁山西麓红粘土上部颜色较深,呈深红棕色或紫红色,成壤作用较强,较下部质地均一,纯净。下部颜色稍浅,呈浅棕红色、淡红色、黄色,其间常夹杂有灰白色砂层、砂砾石层,灰绿色、灰白色的湖相层和数层化石层。这套红土序列的起始年龄集中在7-11Ma。野外岩性特征以及粒度、磁化率、石英颗粒的微形态等方面的研究表明石楼地区红粘土和黄土高原其他地区典型红粘土堆积显示出相似或者相同的特征,判断石楼地区红粘土为风成沉积,而详细的磁性地层研究显示其底界年龄约为11Ma,这是黄土高原东部发现最老的风成物质。复兴和卫家洼红粘土的下部则含有粗颗粒物质,甚至砂层、砂砾石层,磁化率也极低,部分层段还有层理等明显水流作用的痕迹,表明其形成过程中有水流作用的参与。根据红粘土的粒度、磁化率和沉积速率的变化,结合岩性特征和古生物化石,我们将东亚季风演化分为出现并剧烈波动(11.0-8.0Ma),相对加强(8.0-6.5Ma),极度变化(6.5-4.8Ma)和进一步增强(4.8-2.6Ma)四个阶段。
Neogene red clay deposits in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) contain much paleoclimate information. They detailedly recorded the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the history of aridity of the East Asian inland area, and furtherly provided the information of uplift of Qinghai-Xizang Tibetan and global climate change. The eolian deposits in the eastern CLP are of great significance to understand the tectonic movements of Ordos block in the Miocene and Pliocene because they directly covered unconformabally on Mesozoic sandstone basement and had significant different basal ages compared with the eolian dust in the western CLP. The red clay deposits in the CLP are considered to be eolian origin, so older red clay deposits contain information of early paleomonsoon evolution and paleoenvironment change. In the piedmont of Luliang Mountains, the red clay deposits always interbedded with sand-gravel layers, lacustrine strata and fossil layers. These layers are extremely important to find out the evolution of the piedmout of Luliang Mountains, ecological environment and climate change events of CLP in the Neogene.
Based on carefully investigate of the Neogene strata in the western piedmont of Luliang Mountains, Shilou, Fuxing and Weijiawa three red clay profile were chose, and other sections in Baode and Fugu were also chose for comparison. The rock magnetism, magnetic polarity stratigraphy, particle-size, magnetic susceptibility, sedimentation rate, biological fossil etc. were studied to discuss the age, sedimentary environment, formation processes of red clay deposits in the western piedmont of Luliang Mountains, and further explore the tectonic movements of Luliang Mountains and Ordos block in the late Cenozoic, and the environmental changes of the CLP in the Miocene and Pliocene.
The upper part of red clay in western piedmont of Luliang Mountains show redder color, which demonstrate deep reddish-brown or purplish red, stronger soil character and purer texture than the lower part. The lower part which display light reddish-brown, light red and yellow color, always interbedded with grayish white sands, sand-gravel layers and grayish-green lacustrine strata. The basal age of the red clay in western piedmont of Luliang Mountains were centralized at 7-11 Ma. Field deposit characteristics, particle-size, magnetic susceptibility, quartz particle micromorphology, and comparison with other sections revealed that the Shilou red clay are eolian origin, and this is the oldest red clay deposit found so far on the eastern CLP. However, the lower part of Fuxing and Weijiawa red clay exhibit water transportation or transformation evidence with coarse particle size, lower susceptibility etc. Furthermore, several layers display obvious characteristics of water flow action, such as bedding or burying of fossils. By comparing lithologic features, particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibility, deposition rate and biological fossils of red clay sequence in western piedmont of Liiliang Mountains, the paleomonsoon evolution from 11 to 2.6 Ma can be divided into four stages:largely fluctuated stage (11.0-8.3 Ma), relatively strengthen period (8.3-6.5 Ma), extremely changed stage (6.5-4.9 Ma) and further intensified period (4.9-2.6 Ma).
在详细调查研究区新近纪地层的基础上,选择了位于吕梁山西麓中部的石楼,复兴和卫家洼3个红粘土剖面,对其进行详细的岩石磁学、磁极性地层、粒度、磁化率、沉积速率、古生物等方面的工作,并和北部保德和府谷地区的红粘土堆积进行对比,研究吕梁山西麓红粘土的古地磁年代、沉积环境、形成过程等,进而探讨吕梁山以及鄂尔多斯地块晚新生代的沉积演化,黄土高原中-上新世的环境变迁。
吕梁山西麓红粘土上部颜色较深,呈深红棕色或紫红色,成壤作用较强,较下部质地均一,纯净。下部颜色稍浅,呈浅棕红色、淡红色、黄色,其间常夹杂有灰白色砂层、砂砾石层,灰绿色、灰白色的湖相层和数层化石层。这套红土序列的起始年龄集中在7-11Ma。野外岩性特征以及粒度、磁化率、石英颗粒的微形态等方面的研究表明石楼地区红粘土和黄土高原其他地区典型红粘土堆积显示出相似或者相同的特征,判断石楼地区红粘土为风成沉积,而详细的磁性地层研究显示其底界年龄约为11Ma,这是黄土高原东部发现最老的风成物质。复兴和卫家洼红粘土的下部则含有粗颗粒物质,甚至砂层、砂砾石层,磁化率也极低,部分层段还有层理等明显水流作用的痕迹,表明其形成过程中有水流作用的参与。根据红粘土的粒度、磁化率和沉积速率的变化,结合岩性特征和古生物化石,我们将东亚季风演化分为出现并剧烈波动(11.0-8.0Ma),相对加强(8.0-6.5Ma),极度变化(6.5-4.8Ma)和进一步增强(4.8-2.6Ma)四个阶段。
Neogene red clay deposits in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) contain much paleoclimate information. They detailedly recorded the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the history of aridity of the East Asian inland area, and furtherly provided the information of uplift of Qinghai-Xizang Tibetan and global climate change. The eolian deposits in the eastern CLP are of great significance to understand the tectonic movements of Ordos block in the Miocene and Pliocene because they directly covered unconformabally on Mesozoic sandstone basement and had significant different basal ages compared with the eolian dust in the western CLP. The red clay deposits in the CLP are considered to be eolian origin, so older red clay deposits contain information of early paleomonsoon evolution and paleoenvironment change. In the piedmont of Luliang Mountains, the red clay deposits always interbedded with sand-gravel layers, lacustrine strata and fossil layers. These layers are extremely important to find out the evolution of the piedmout of Luliang Mountains, ecological environment and climate change events of CLP in the Neogene.
Based on carefully investigate of the Neogene strata in the western piedmont of Luliang Mountains, Shilou, Fuxing and Weijiawa three red clay profile were chose, and other sections in Baode and Fugu were also chose for comparison. The rock magnetism, magnetic polarity stratigraphy, particle-size, magnetic susceptibility, sedimentation rate, biological fossil etc. were studied to discuss the age, sedimentary environment, formation processes of red clay deposits in the western piedmont of Luliang Mountains, and further explore the tectonic movements of Luliang Mountains and Ordos block in the late Cenozoic, and the environmental changes of the CLP in the Miocene and Pliocene.
The upper part of red clay in western piedmont of Luliang Mountains show redder color, which demonstrate deep reddish-brown or purplish red, stronger soil character and purer texture than the lower part. The lower part which display light reddish-brown, light red and yellow color, always interbedded with grayish white sands, sand-gravel layers and grayish-green lacustrine strata. The basal age of the red clay in western piedmont of Luliang Mountains were centralized at 7-11 Ma. Field deposit characteristics, particle-size, magnetic susceptibility, quartz particle micromorphology, and comparison with other sections revealed that the Shilou red clay are eolian origin, and this is the oldest red clay deposit found so far on the eastern CLP. However, the lower part of Fuxing and Weijiawa red clay exhibit water transportation or transformation evidence with coarse particle size, lower susceptibility etc. Furthermore, several layers display obvious characteristics of water flow action, such as bedding or burying of fossils. By comparing lithologic features, particle size distribution, magnetic susceptibility, deposition rate and biological fossils of red clay sequence in western piedmont of Liiliang Mountains, the paleomonsoon evolution from 11 to 2.6 Ma can be divided into four stages:largely fluctuated stage (11.0-8.3 Ma), relatively strengthen period (8.3-6.5 Ma), extremely changed stage (6.5-4.9 Ma) and further intensified period (4.9-2.6 Ma).
引文
[1]An Z. S., Wang S. M., Wu X. H., et al. Eolian evidence from the Chinese Loess Plateau:the onset of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift fiorcing[J].Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,1999,42 (3):258-2/1
[2]An Z. S. The history and variability of the East Asian paleomonsoon climate [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2000,19:171-187
[3]An Z. S., Kutzbach J. E., Prell W. L., et al. Evolution of Asian monsoon and phased uplift of the Himalaya-Tibetan plateau since Late Miocene times [J]. Nature,2001,411:62-66
[4]Burband C.W., Li J.J. Age and Palaeoclimatic Significance of the Loess of Lanzhou, China [J]. Nature, 1985,316 (4):141-143
[5]Burbank D.W., Beck A.R., Mulder T. The Himalayan foreland basin. In:Yin, A., Harrison, M. (Eds.), The Tectonic Evolution of Asia [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1996:149-188
[6]Cande S. C., Kent D. V. Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:6093-6095
[7]Charreau J., Gilder S., Chen Y., et al. Magnetostratigraphy of the Yaha section, Tarim Basin (China): 11 Ma acceleration in erosion and uplift of the Tian Shan mountains [J]. Geology,2006,34 (3): 181-184
[8]Chen M. H., Wang R. J., Yang L. H., et al. Development of east Asian summer monsoon environments in the late Miocene:radiolarian evidence from Site 1143 of ODP Leg 184 [J]. Marine Geology,2003, 201:169-177
[9]Chen X. L., Fang X. M., An Z.S., et al. An 8.1Ma calcite record of Asian summer monsoon evolution on the Chinese central Loess Plateau [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2007,50:392-403
[10]Clark M. K., House M. A., Royden L. H., et al. Late Cenozoic uplift of southeastern Tibet J]. Geology,2005,33 (6):525-528
[11]Clift P., Lee J. I., Clark M. K., et al. Erosional response of South China to arc rifting and monsoonal strengthening:a record from the South China Sea [J]. Marine Geology,2002,184:207-226
[12]Clift P., Hodges K. V., Heslop D., et al. Correlation of Himalayan exhumation rates and Asian monsoon intensity[J]. Nature Geoscience,2008,1:875-880
[13]Dettman D. L., Kohn M. J., Quade J., et al. Seasonal stable isotope evidence for a strong Asian monsoon throughout the past 10.7 m.y [J]. Geology,2001,29:31-34
[14]Dettman D. L., Fang X. M., Garzione C. N., et al. Uplift-driven climate change at 12 Ma:a long N18O record from the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2003,214: 267-277
[15]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Yang S. L., et al. Preliminary magnetostratigraphy of a thick eolian red clay-loess sequence at Lingtai, the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,1998a,25 (8):1225-1228
[16]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Liu T. S., et al. Wind blown origin of the Pliocene red clay formation in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1998b,161:135-143
[17]Ding Z. L., Xiong S. F., Sun J. M., et al. Pedostraigraphy and paleomagnetism of a-7.0 Ma eolian loess-red clay sequence at Lingtai, Loess Plateau, north-central China and the implications for paleomonsoon evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,1999,152:49-66
[18]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Yang S. L., et al. Geochemistry of the Pliocene red clay for mation in the Chinese Loess Plateau and implications for its origin, source provenance and paleoclimate change [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2001,65:901-913
[19]Evans M. E., Wang Y., Rutter N. W., et al. Preliminary magnetostratigraphy of the red clay underlying the loess sequence at Baoji, China [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,1991,18:1409-1412
[20]Evans M. E., Heller F. Magnetism of loess-palaeosol sequences:recent developments [J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2001,54:129-144
[21]Fan M. J., Song C. H., Dettman D. L., et al. Intensification of the Asian winter monsoon after 7.4 Ma: Grain-size evidence from the Linxia Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau,13.1 Ma to 4.3 Ma [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248:186-197
[22]Fan M. J., Dettman D. L., Song C. H., et al. Climatic variation in the Linxia basin, NE Tibetan Plateau, from 13.1 to 4.3 Ma:The stable isotope record [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2007,247:313-328
[23]Fang X. M., Zhang W. L., Meng Q. Q., et al. High-resolution magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Huaitoutala section in the eastern Qaidam Basin on the NE Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Province, China and its implication on tectonic uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2007,258:293-306
[24]Ganjoo R.K., Shaker S. Middle Miocene pedological record of monsoonal climate from NW Himalaya (Jammu& Kashmir State), India [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Science,2007,29:704-714
[25]Garzione C. N., Dettman D. L., Quade J., et al. High times on the Tibetan Plateau:Paleoelevation of the Thakkhola graben, Nepal[J]. Geology,2000a,28:339-342
[26]Garzione C.N., Quade J., DeCelles P.G., et al. Predicting paleoelevation of Tibet and the Himalaya
from δ18O vs. altitude gradients in meteoric water across the Nepal Himalaya [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000b,183:215-229
[27]Garzione C. N., Ikari M. J., Basu A. R. Source of Oligocene to Pliocene sedimentary rocks in the Linxia basin in northeastern Tibet from Nd isotopes:Implications for tectonic forcing of climate [J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,2005,117 (9/10):1156-1166
[28]Gautama P., Rosler W. Depositional chronology and fabric of Siwalik group sediments in Central Nepal from magnetostratigraphy and magnetic anisotropy [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,1999, 17:659-682
[29]Guo Z. T., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Origin of t he Miocene-Pliocene red earth formation at Xifeng in northern China and implications for paleoenvironments [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2001,170:11-26
[30]Guo Z. T., Ruddiman W. F., Hao Q. Z., et al. Onset of Asian desertification by 22 Myr ago inferred from loess deposit s in China [J]. Nature,2002,389:159-163
[31]Guo Z. T., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Late Miocene-Pleiocene development of Asian aridification as recorded in the Red-Earth formation in Northern China [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41 (3-4):135-145
[32]Guo Z. T., Sun B., Zhang Z. S., et al. A major reorganization of Asian climate by the early Miocene [J]. Climate of the Past,2008,4:153-174
[33]Hao Q. Z., Guo Z. T. Magnetostratigraphy of a late Miocene-Pliocene loess-soil sequence in the western Loess Plateau in China [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31, L09209, doi:10.1029/2003GL019392
[34]Hao Q. Z., Guo Z. T. Magnetostratigraphy of an early-middle Miocene loess-soil sequence in the western Loess Plateau of China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34, L18305, doi:10.1029/2007GL031162
[35]Harris N. The elevation history of the Tibetan Plateau and its implications for the Asian monsoon [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241:4-15
[36]Heller F., Liu T. S. Magnetostratigraphical Dating of Loess Deposits in China [J]. Nature,1982,300: 518-538
[37]Heslop D., Langereis C. G., Dekkers M. J. A new astronomical timescale for the loess deposits of Northern China [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,184:125-139
[38]Hou S. S., Yang S. L., Sun J. M., et al. Oxygen isotope compositions of quartz grains (4-16 μm) from Chinese eolian deposits and their implications for provenance [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2003,46 (10):1003-1011
[39]Huyghe P., Galy A., Mugri J. L., et al. Propagation of the thrust system and erosion in the Lesser Himalaya:Geochemical and sedimentological evidence [J]. Geology,2001,29:1007-1010
[40]Isozaki Y., Tada R., Sun Y. Provenance changes of eolian dust at Lingtai section in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 7Ma and its implication for desert development in East Asia [J]. Climate of the Past Discussion,2008,4:335-374
[41]Jiang H. C., Ding Z. L., Xiong S. F. Magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Sikouzi section at Guyuan, Ningxia, China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2007,243:223-234
[42]Jiang H. C., Ding Z. L. Eolian grain-size signature of the Sikouzi lacustrine sediments (Chinese Loess Plateau):Implications for Neogene evolution of the East Asian winter monsoon [J]. GSA Bulletin, 2010,122 (5/6):843-854
[43]Jiang W. Y., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Carbon isotopic records in paleosols over the Pliocene in Northern China:Implication on vegetation development and Tibetan uplift [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2002,47 (8):687-690
[44]Kaakinena A., Lunkka J. P. Sedimentation of the Late Miocene Bahe Formation and its implications for stable environments adjacent to Qinling mountains in Shaanxi, China [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003,22:67-78
[45]Kaakinena A., Sonninen E., Lunkka J. P. Stable isotope record in paleosol carbonates from the Chinese
Loess Plateau:Implications for late Neogene paleoclimate and paleovegetation [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,237:359-369
[46]Kirschvink, J. L. The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data[J]. Geophysical Journal of Royal Astronomical Society,1980,62:699-718
[47]Li F. J., Wu N. Q., Pei Y. P., et al. Wind-blown origin of Dongwan Late Miocene-Pliocene dust sequence documented by land snail record in Western Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geology,2006,34 (5):405-408
[48]Li F. J., Rousseau D. D., Wu N. Q., et al. Late Neogene evolution of the East Asian monsoon revealed by terrestrial mollusk record in Western Chinese Loess Plateau:From winter to summer dominated sub-regime [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,274:439-447
[49]Liang M. Y., Guo Z. T., Kahmann A. J., et al. Geochemical characteristics of the Miocene eolian deposits in China:Their provenance and climate implications [J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems,2009,10 (4), doi:10.1029/2008GC002331
[50]Liu J. F., Guo Z. T., Qiao Y. S., et al. Eolian origin of the Miocene loess-soil sequence at Qin'an, China:Evidence of quartz morphology and quartz grain-size [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51: 117-120
[51]Liu L.P, Eronen J. T., Fortelius M. Significant mid-latitude aridity in the middle Miocene of East Asia [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2009,279:201-206
[52]Liu X. M., Liu T. S., Xu T. C., et al. The primary study on magnetostratigraphy of the loess profile in Xifeng area Gansu province [J]. Geophysical of Astronomy,1988,92:345-348
[53]Liu X. M., An Z. S., Tim R., et al. Magnetic properties of the Tertiary red clay from Gansu Province, China and its paleoclimatic significance [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2001,44 (7): 635-651
[54]Liu X. M., Rolph T., An Z. S., et al. Paleoclimatic significance of magnetic properties on the Red Clay underlying the loess and paleosols in China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2003,199:153-166
[55]Lu H. J., Xiong S. F. Magnetostratigraphy of the Dahonggou section, northern Qaidam Basin and its bearing on Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Qilian Shan and Altyn Tagh Fault [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2009,288:539-550
[56]Lu H. Y., Vandenberghe J., An Z. S. Aeolian origin and palaeoclimatic implications of the red clay (north China) as evidenced by grain-size distribution [J]. Journal of Quaternary Science,2001,16 (1): 89-97
[57]Lu H. Y., Wang X. Y., An Z. S., et al. Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2004, 47:822-833
[58]Ma Y. Z., Fang X. M., Li J. J., et al. The vegetation and climate change during Neocene and Early Quaternary in Jiuxi Basin, China [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2005,48 (5):676-688
[59]Miao X. D., Sun Y. B., Lu H. Y., et al. Spatial pattern of grain size in the Late Pliocene'Red Clay' deposits (North China) indicates transport by low-level northerly winds [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2004,206:149-155
[60]Molnar P., England P., Martinod J. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian monsoon [J]. Reviews of Geophysics,1993,31(4):357-396
[61]Molnar P. Mio-Pliocene Growth of the Tibetan Plateau and Evolution of East Asian Climate [J]. Palaeontologia Electronica,2005,8 (1):1-23
[62]Moran K., Backman J., Brinkhuis H., et al. The Cenozoic palaeoenvironment of the Arctic Ocean [J]. Nature,2006,441:601-605
[63]Nie J. J., King J., Fang X. M. Enhancement mechanisms of magnetic susceptibility in the Chinese red-clay sequence [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34, doi:10.1029/2007GL031430
[64]Nie J. J., King J., Jackson M., et al. AC magnetic susceptibility studies of Chinese red clay sediments between 4.8 and 4.1 Ma:Paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic implications [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,2008,113, B10106, doi:10.1029/2008JB005654
[65]Pettke T., Halliday A. N., Hall C. M., et al. Dust production and deposition in Asia and the north Pacific Ocean over the past 12 Myr[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,178:397-413
[66]Porter S. C., An Z. S. Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation [J]. Nature,1995,375:305-308
[67]Qiang X. K., Li Z. X., Powell C., et al. Magnetiostratigrphic record of the late Miocene onset of the East Asian monsoon, and Pliocene uplift of northern Tibet [J]. Earth and Planet Sciences Letter,2001,
187 (1-2):83-93
[68]Rea D. K., Snoeckx H., Joseph L. H. Late Cenozoic eolian deposition in the North Pacific:Asian drying, Tibetan uplift, and cooling of the northern hemisphere [J]. Paleoceanography,1998,13: 215-224
[69]Rowley D. B., Pierrehumbert R. T., Currie B. S. A new approach to stable isotope-based paleoaltimetry:implications for paleoaltimetry and paleohypsometry of the High Himalaya since the Late Miocene [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2001,188:253-268
[70]Rutter N., Ding Z. L., Evans M. E., et al. Baoji-type pedostratigraphic section on loess plateau, north central China[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,1991,10:1-22
[71]Shi Y. F., Tang M. C., Ma Y. Z. Linkage between the second uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau and the initiation of the Asian monsoon system[J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science, 1999,42 (3):303-312
[72]Song Y. G., Fang X. M., Torii M., et al. Magnetostratigraphy of Late Tertiary sediments from the Chinese Loess Plateau and its paleoclimatic significance [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46: 16-22
[73]Song Y. G., Fang X. M., Torii M., et al. Late Neogene rock magnetic record of climatic variation from Chinese eolian sediments related to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 2007,30:324-332
[74]Spicer R. A., Harris B. W., Widdowson M., et al. Constant elevation of southern Tibet over the past 15 million years [J]. Nature,2003,421:622-624
[75]Sun D. H., Liu T. S., Chen M. Y., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and palaeoclimate of Red Clay sequences from Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,1997,40:337-343
[76]Sun D. H., Shaw J., An Z. S., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation of a continuous 7.2 Ma late Cenozoic eolian sediments from the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysics Research Letters, 1998a,25(1):85-88
[77]Sun D. H., An Z. S., Shaw J., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic significance of Late Tertiary Aeolian sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Journal International,1998b,134: 207-212
[78]Sun D. H., Bloemendal J., Rea D. K., et al. Grain-size distribution function of polymodal sediments in hydraulic and Aeolian environments, and numerical partitioning of the sedimentary components [J]. Sedimentary Geology,2002,152 (3-4):263-277
[79]Sun D. H. Monsoon and westerly circulation changes recorded in the Late Cenozoic aeolian sequences of Northern China [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41 (1):63-80
[80]Sun D. H., Su R. X., Bloemendal J., et al. Grain-size and accumulation rate records from Late Cenozoic aeolian sequences in northern China:Implications for variations in the East Asian winter monsoon and westerly atmospheric circulation [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2008,264:39-53
[81]Sun J. M., Zhu R. X., An Z. S. Tectonic uplift in the northern Tibetan Plateau since 13.7 Ma ago inferred from molasse deposits along the Altyn Tagh Fault [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005,235:641-653
[82]Sun J. M., Liu T. S. The Age of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. Science,2006,312:1621
[83]Sun X. J., Wang P. X. How old is the Asian monsoon system?-Palaeobotanical records from China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2005,222:181-222
[84]Sun Y. B., Lu H. Y., An Z. S. Grain size of loess, palaeosol and Red Clay deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau:Significance for understanding pedogenic alteration and palaeomonsoon evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241:129-138
[85]Vandenberghe J., Lu H. Y., Sun D. H., et al. The late Miocene and Pliocene climate in East Asia as recorded by grain size and magnetic susceptibility of the Red Clay deposits (Chinese Loess Plateau) [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2004,204:239-255
[86]Wang J. L., Fang X. M., Li J. J. Eolian sand deposition and its environmental significance in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44:2250-2255
[87]Wang L., Lu H. Y.,Wu N. Q., et al. Palynological evidence for Late Miocene-Pliocene vegetation evolution recorded in the red clay sequence of the central Chinese Loess Plateau and implication for palaeoenvironmental change [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241: 118-128
[88]Wang P. X., Jian Z. M., Zhao Q. H., et al. Evolution of the South China Sea and monsoon history revealed in deep-sea records [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48 (23):2549-2561
[89]Wang P. X. Clemens S., Beaufort L. et al. Evolution and variability of the Asian monsoon system: state of the art and outstanding issues [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2005,24:595-629
[90]Wang X. Y., Lu H. Y., Ji J. F., et al. Origin of the Red Earth sequence on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and its implications for regional aridity since the middle Miocene [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Sciences,2006,49 (5):505-517
[91]Wang Y., Deng T. A 25 m.y. isotopic record of paleodiet and environmental change from fossil mammals and paleosols from the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,236:322-338
[92]Wen L. J., Lu H. Y., Qiang X. K. Changes in grain-size and sedimentation rate of the Neogene Red Clay deposits along the Chinese Loess Plateau and implications for the palaeowind system [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2005,48:1452-1462
[93]Wu N. Q., Pei Y. P., Lu H. Y., et al. Marked ecological shifts during 6.2-2.4Ma revealed by a terrestrial molluscan record from the Chinese Red Clay Formation and implication for palaeoclimatic evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,233 (3-4):287-299
[94]Xiong S. F., Jiang W. Y., Yang S. L., et al. Northwestward decline of magnetic susceptibility for the red clay deposit in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2002,29 (24), doi:10. 1029/2002GL015808
[95]Xu Y., Yue L. P., Li J. X., et al. An 11-Ma-old red clay sequence on the Eastern Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2009,284:383-391
[96]Xue X. X., Zhang Y. X., Yue L. P. Discovery and chronological division of the Hipparion fauna in Laogaochuan Village, Fugu County, Shaanxi [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1995,40:926-929
[97]Xue X. X., Zhang Y. X., Yue L. P. Paleoenvironments indicated by the fossil mammalian assemblages from red clay-loess sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 8.0 Ma B.P. [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2006,49 (5):518-530
[98]Yang, S. L., Ding, Z. L. Comparison of particle size characteristics of the Tertiary 'red clay' and Pleistocene loess in the Chinese Loess Plateau:implications for origin and sources of the 'red clay' [J]. Sedimentology,2004,51:77-93
[99]Yue L. P., Li J. X., Zheng G. Z., et al. Evoloion of the Ordos Plateau and environmental effects [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2007,50:19-26
[100]Zachos J., Pagani M., Sloan L., et al. Trends, Rhythms, and Aberrations in Global Climate 65 Ma to Present [J]. Science,2001,292:686-693
[101]Zhang P. Z., Burchfiel B. C., Molnar P., et al. Amount and style of late Cenozoic deformation in the Liupanshan area, Ninxia Autonomous region, China [J]. Tectonics,1991,10:1111-1129
[102]Zhang Y. X., Chen D. L., Xue X. X. Age distribution of the fauna 5.3 Ma B.P. and climatic deterioration events in North China [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1997,42:1826-1829
[103]Zheng D. W., Zhang P. Z., Wan J. L., et al. Rapid exhumation at ～8 Ma on the Liupan Shan thrust fault from apatite fission-track thermochronology:Implications for growth of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau margin [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248:198-208
[104]Zheng H. B., Powellc C. M., Rea D. K., et al. Late Miocene and mid-Pliocene enhancement of the East Asian monsoon as viewed from the land and sea [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41: 147-155
[105]Zhu Y. M., Zhou L. P., Mo D. W., et al. A new magnetostratigraphic framework for late Neogene Hipparion Red Clay in the eastern Loess Plateau of China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2008,268:47-57
[106]安芷生,王俊达,李华梅.洛川黄土剖面的古地磁研究[J].地球化学,1977,4：239-249
[107]安芷生,G.Kukla,刘东生.洛川黄土地层学[J].第四纪研究,1989,2：155-168
[108]安芷生,王苏民,吴锡浩,等.中国黄土高原的风积证据：晚新生代北半球大冰期开始及青藏高原的隆升驱动[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(6)：481-490
[109]安芷生,孙东怀,陈明扬,等.黄土高原红粘土序列与晚第三纪的气候事件[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：435-446
[110]安芷生,刘晓东.东亚季风气候的历史与变率[J].科学通报,2000,45(3)：238-249
[111]安芷生,张培震,王二七,等.中新世以来我国季风-干旱环境演化与青藏高原的生长[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(5)：678-693
[112]曹军骥,张小曳,程燕,等.晚新生代红粘土的粒度分布及其指示的冬季风演变[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(3)：99-106
[113]陈宝群,孙东怀,安芷生.蓝田白鹿原晚第三纪风成红粘土序列的古季风气候记录[J].陕西师
范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(4)：112-117
[114]陈丹玲.三趾马红粘土的粒度组成特征及其地质意义[J].西北地质科学,1996,17(2)：1-5
[115]陈丹玲,张云翔,岳乐平,等.陕西北部三趾马红粘土成土碳酸盐碳、氧稳定同位素特征及所记录的古气候演变[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997,22(2)：190-194
[116]陈晓峰.山西静乐县“静乐期”地层及大哺乳动物化石[J].第四纪研究,1994,(4)：339-353
[117]陈秀玲,方小敏,安芷生,等.黄土高原8.1Ma以来方解石记录的夏季风演化[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2007,37(1)：61-70
[118]邓涛,王伟铭,岳乐平.新近纪保德阶研究新进展[J].地层学杂志,2004,28(1)：41-47
[119]丁仲礼,刘东生.中国黄土研究新进展(一)黄土地层[J].第四纪研究,1989,1：24-35
[120]丁仲礼,余志伟,刘东生.中国黄土研究新进展(三)时间标尺[J].第四纪研究,1991,4：336-348
[121]丁仲礼,孙继敏,朱日祥,等.黄土高原红粘土成因及上新世北方干旱化问题[J].第四纪研究,1997,2：147-157
[122]丁仲礼,孙继敏,杨石岭,等.灵台黄土-红粘土序列的磁性地层及粒度记录[J].第四纪研究,1998,1：86-94
[123]丁仲礼,杨石岭,孙继敏,等.2.6 Ma前后大气环流重构的黄土-红粘土沉积证据[J].第四纪研究,1999,(3)：277-281
[124]葛同明.洛川黄土沉积层的磁性地层学研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1984,4(1)：37-44
[125]弓虎军,张云翔,黄雷.甘肃临夏盆地新近纪红粘土粒度组成的古环境意义[J].沉积学报,2005,23(2)：260-267
[126]弓虎军.中国黄河中游地区新近纪红粘土的成因[D].西安：西北大学,2007
[127]顾兆炎,丁仲礼,熊尚发,等.灵台红粘土和黄土古土壤序列的地球化学演化[J].第四纪研究,1999,4：357-365
[128]顾兆炎,Lal D.,郭正堂,等.黄土高原黄土和红粘土10Be地球化学特征[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：409-422
[129]郭正堂,彭淑贞,郝青振,等.晚第三纪中国西北干旱化的发展及其与北极冰盖形成演化和青藏高原隆升的关系[J].第四纪研究,1999,1：556-567
[130]郝青振,郭正堂,彭淑贞.陇西第三纪红土磁学性质初步研究[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：447-456
[131]姜文英,彭淑贞,郝青振,等.上新世红粘土的碳同位素记录与青藏高原隆升的关系[J].科学通报,2001,49(24)：2065-2068
[132]匡永生.秦安-天水地区新生代盆地沉积演化[D].兰州：兰州大学,2007
[133]李长江.晋陕蒙交界地区晚第三纪沉积特征与地貌演化[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(3)：121-129
[134]李丰江,吴乃琴,裴云鹏.黄土高原西部秦安新近纪风尘堆积的蜗牛化石证据[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(4)：510-515
[135]李丰江,吴乃琴,Denis D. R黄土高原秦安中新世黄土-古土壤序列的蜗牛化石初步研究[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(5)：438-444
[136]李华梅.地磁场倒转和古地磁年表[J].地质地球化学,1974,12：1-6
[137]李华梅,王俊达.中国北方几个典型地质剖面的磁性地层学研究[J].第四纪研究,1985,6(2)：29-33
[138]李杰,旺罗,裴云鹏,等.甘肃西峰6.2-2.4MaB.P红粘土中孢粉记录及古植被演化[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(4)：467-473
[139]李建星.鄂尔多斯盆地红粘土分布特征与新构造运动研究[D].西安：西北大学,2006
[140]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.再搬运红粘土的发现及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2009a,27(6)：1184-1190
[141]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.从山前砾石看黄河形成与吕梁山隆升[J].地理科学,2009b,29(4)：582-586
[142]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.吕梁山西麓红粘土和水成堆积物之间的关系[J].沉积学报,2009c,27(3)：518-524
[143]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.吕梁山地区新近纪晚期地层研究进展[J].地层学杂志,2009d,33(2)：177-182
[144]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5)：617-638
[145]刘东生.黄河中游黄土[M].北京：科学出版社,1964.
[146]刘东生.中国的黄土堆积(中国黄土分布图说明书)[M].北京：科学出版社,1965
[147]刘东土.黄土与环境[M].北京：科学出版社,1985
[148]刘东生.黄土与干旱环境[M].合肥：安徽科学技术出版社,2009
[149]刘进峰,郭正堂,郝青振,等.甘肃秦安糜子湾剖面中新世风尘堆积的磁性地层学研究[J].第四纪研究,2005a,25(4)：503-509
[150]刘进峰,郭正堂,乔彦松,等.秦安中新世黄土-古土壤序列石英颗粒形态特征、粒度分布及其对成因的指示意义[J].科学通报,2005,50(24)：2806-2809
[151]刘卫国,张普,孙有斌,等.黄土高原中部7-2Ma期间古植被变化的分子化石证据-以赵家川剖面为例[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(5)：806-811
[152]刘秀铭,安芷生,强小科,等.甘肃第三系红粘土磁学性质初步研究及古气候意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,(3)：192-205
[153]刘艳霖.黄河中游上第三系沉积地层及其古环境演化[D].乌鲁木齐：新疆大学,2004
[154]刘艳霖,岳乐平,帕拉提.黄河中游新近系红粘土粒度特征及其古环境-以陕西府谷老高川为例[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(1)：78-83
[155]刘艳霖,岳乐平,帕拉提.陕西老高川红粘土剖面粒度磁化率特征及古环境意义[J].中国地质,2005,32(3)：496-501
[156]梁美艳,郭正堂,顾兆炎.中新世风尘堆积的地球化学特征及其与上新世和第四纪风尘堆积的比较[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(4)：657-664
[157]鹿化煜,安芷生.洛川黄土粒度组成的古气候意义[J].科学通报,1997,42(1)：66-69
[158]鹿化煜,安芷生.黄土高原红粘土与黄土古土壤粒度特征对比-红粘土风成成因的新证据[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2)：227-232
[159]鹿化煜,安芷生,王晓勇,等.最近14Ma青藏高原东北缘阶段性隆升的地貌证据[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(9)：855-864
[160]吕连清,方小敏,Mason J. A.,等.8.1Ma以来朝那黄土-红黏土剖面粒度揭示的冬季风与北半球高纬气候的耦合演化[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(增刊)：149-154
[161]罗静兰,张云翔.黄河中游三趾马红粘土的岩石学研究及古气候意义-以陕西府谷老高川三趾马红粘土剖面为例[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2)：214-220
[162]马玉贞,李吉均,方小敏.临夏地区30.6-5.0Ma红层孢粉植物群与气候演化记录[J].科学通报,1998,43(3)：301-304
[163]马玉贞,吴福莉,方小敏,等.黄土高原陇东盆地朝那红粘上8.1-2.6Ma的抱粉记录[J].科学通报,2005,50(15)：107-116
[164]苗晓东,孙有斌,鹿化煜.黄土高原晚上新世红粘土粒度的空间变化[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2)：182-185
[165]鸟居雅之,福间浩司,苏黎,等.黄土古土壤磁化率述评[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(3)：83-96
[166]裴云鹏,吴乃琴,李丰江.晚第三纪红粘土成因和沉积环境的生物学证据：蜗牛化石记录[J].科学通报,2004,49(13)：1294-1298
[167]彭淑贞,郭正堂.西峰晚第三纪红土记录的亮度学特征[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(1)：110
[168]彭淑贞,郭正堂.风成三趾马红土与第四纪黄土的粘土矿物组成异同及其环境意义[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：277-285
[169]钱方,马醒华,吴锡浩.中国第四纪磁性地层的初步研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1983,3(3)：17-30
[170]强小科,安芷生,常宏.佳县红粘土堆积序列频率磁化率的古气候意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(3)：91-96
[171]强小科,安芷生,李华梅,等.佳县红粘土堆积的磁学性质及其古气候意义[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(7)：658-667
[172]乔彦松,郭正堂,郝青振,等.中新世黄土-古土壤序列的粒度特征及其对成因的指示意义[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(7)：646-653
[173]山西省地矿局区域地质调查队.山西省区域地质志[M].北京：地质出版社,1989
[174]山西省柳林县志编纂委员会.柳林县志[M],1995
[175]山西省石楼县志编纂委员会.石楼县志[M],1994
[176]施炜.鄂尔多斯高原东西两侧构造地貌特征分析及新构造意义[D].北京：中国地质大学,2006
[177]宋春晖,鲁新川,邢强,等.临夏盆地晚新生代沉积物元素特征与古气候变迁[J].沉积学报,2007,25(3)：409-416
[178]宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,等.六盘山东麓朝那剖面红粘土年代及其构造意义[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：457-463
[179]宋友桂.六盘山及邻区晚新生代沉积与构造隆升.兰州：兰州大学,2001
[180]宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,等.晚新生代六盘山隆升过程初探[J].中国科学(D辑)(增刊),2001,31：142-148
[181]孙东怀,刘东生,陈明扬,等.中国黄土高原红粘土序列的磁性地层与气候变化[J].中国科学(D辑),1997a,(3)：265-270
[182]孙东怀.晚新生代黄土高原风尘序列的磁性地层与古气候记录.西安：中国科学院地球环境研究所,1997b
[183]孙东怀,陈明扬,John Shaw,等.晚新生代黄土高原风尘堆积序列的磁性地层年代与古气候记录[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(1)：79-84
[184]孙东怀,鹿化煜.晚新生代黄土高原风尘序列的粒度和沉积速率与中国北方大气环流演变[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：251-262
[185]孙继敏,许立亮.8Ma以来黄土高原风尘堆积的物源变化与上地壳演化的关系[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：187-192
[186]孙有斌,周杰,安芷生.灵台风尘堆积中钙质结核的地球化学研究[J].地球化学,2000,29(3)：277-282
[187]孙有斌,孙东怀,安芷生.灵台红粘土黄土古土壤序列频率磁化率的古气候意义[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(3)：300-306
[188]童国榜,郑宏瑞,杨振京,等.中国4Ma来抱粉植物群气候的多重旋回模型[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(4)：81-96
[189]王均平.黄河中游晚新生代地貌演化与黄河发育[D].兰州：兰州大学,2006,69-72
[190]王先彦,鹿化煜,弋双文,等.晚新生代洛川典型风尘堆积序列的延伸[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006a,26(1)：89-92
[191]王先彦,鹿化煜,季峻峰,等.青藏高原东北缘中新世红色土状堆积序列的成因及其对亚洲干旱过程的指示[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006b,36(3)：261-272
[192]王兴武.山西省的晚新生代地层[M],1983,1-330
[193]王永焱,吴在宝,岳乐平.兰州黄土的生成时代及结构特征[J].西北大学学报,1978,2：1-27
[194]王永焱,岳乐平.根据古地磁资料探讨陕西渭北高原黄土分层问题[J].地质论评,1980,26：141-147
[195]王永焱,滕志宏.中国黄土的地层划分[J].地质论评,1983,29(3)：201-208
[196]汶玲娟,鹿化煜,强小科.新近纪黄土高原红黏土粒度和沉积速率的空间变化及其揭示的古大气粉尘传输动力[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(8)：739-747
[197]谢巧勤,陈天虎,季峻峰,等.甘肃灵台黄土红粘土序列中坡缕石的分布及其古气候意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(6)：653-658
[198]熊尚发.黄土-红粘土记录的构造尺度气候变化[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：242-250
[199]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.陕西府谷老高川三趾马动物群的发现及时代分期[J].科学通报,1995,40(5)：447-449.
[200]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.黄土高原一个连续的晚新生代剖面及其划分与对比[J].地层学杂志,2001,25(2)：81-88
[201]薛祥煦,鹿化煜,周杰.陕西旬邑新近系红土剖面粒度组成的古气候意义[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1)：118-123
[202]薛祥煦,岳乐平,周杰,等.陕西旬邑晚新生代红土-黄土序列磁化率特征与环境变迁[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(1)：103-108
[203]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.从哺乳动物化石看中国黄土高原红黏土-黄土系列的气候环境及演变[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(4)：359-369
[204]杨石岭,丁仲礼,顾兆炎,等.灵台红粘土-黄土剖面晚中新世以来钙质结核的碳同位素记录及其古植被指示意义[J].科学通报,1998,43(21)：2323-2326
[205]杨石岭,侯圣山,王旭,等.泾川晚第三纪红粘土的磁性地层及其与灵台剖面的对比[J].第四纪
研究,2000,20(5)：423-434
[206]岳乐平.蓝田段家坡黄土剖面磁性地层学研究[J].地质论评,1989,35(5)：479-488
[207]岳乐平,雷祥义,屈红军.靖远黄土剖面磁性地层的初步研究[J].第四纪研究,1991,4：349-353
[208]岳乐平.中国黄土与红色粘土记录的地磁极性界限及地质意义[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(3)：311-320
[209]岳乐平,薛祥煦.中国黄土古地磁学.北京：地质出版社,1996
[210]岳乐平,张云翔.山西静乐贺丰三趾马动物群与磁性地层[J].古脊椎动物学报,1998,36(1)：76-80
[211]岳乐平,张云翔,王建其,等.山西静乐和陕西榆林地区红色土与黄土-古土壤序列之关系[J].中国区域地质,1999,18(1)：69-72
[212]岳乐平,邓涛,张云翔,等.保德阶层型剖面磁性地层学研究[J].2004,28(1)：48-51
[213]岳乐平,李建星,郑国璋,等.鄂尔多斯高原演化及环境效应[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2007,37(增刊Ⅰ)：16-22
[214]张培震,郑德文,尹功明,等.有关青藏高原东北缘晚新生代扩展与隆升的讨论[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(1)：5-13
[215]张勇,李吉均,赵志军,等.中国北方晚新生代红粘土研究之若干问题[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(1)：9-11
[216]张勇,李吉均,赵志军,等.中国北方新近系红土的正构烷烃构成分析[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版),2007,19(2)：49-58
[217]张云翔,薛祥煦,岳乐平.陕西府谷老高川新第三纪“红层”的划分与时代[J].地层学杂志,1995,19(3)：214-2190
[218]张云翔,岳乐平,陈丹玲,等.中国北部新第三纪红层划分的岩石学标志及其意义[J].地层学杂志,1997,21(1)：63-67
[219]张云翔,陈丹玲,薛祥煦,等.黄河中游新第三纪晚期红粘土的成因类型[J].地层学杂志,1998,22(1)：10-15
[220]张云翔,岳乐平,曹红霞.黄河中游新近纪三趾马动物群生态序列[J].科学通报,2001,46(14)：1196-1199
[221]张振克,何华春,李书恒,等.中国东部中新世风尘沉积的发现及其研究意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(1)：116-123
[222]赵景波.西安、山西保德第三纪晚期红土的研究[J].沉积学报,1989,7(3)：113-120
[223]郑洪波,安芷生,Shaw J.,等.段家坡黄土剖面磁性地层学研究.黄土.第四纪地质.全球变化(第三辑)[M].北京：科学出版社,1992,38-43
[224]朱大岗,孟宪刚,邵兆刚,等.山西保德-静乐地区新近纪地层时代讨论[J].地质通报,2008,27(4)：510-516
[225]朱岗崑.古地磁学-基础、原理、方法、成果与应用[M].北京：科学出版,2005
[226]朱日祥,潘永信,丁仲礼.红粘土的磁学性质研究[J].第四纪研究,1996,(3)：232-238
[227]朱艳明,周力平,张世红.中国北方上新世晚期-更新世早期风成沉积物磁化率各向异性初探[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(6)：1009-1015
[2]An Z. S. The history and variability of the East Asian paleomonsoon climate [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2000,19:171-187
[3]An Z. S., Kutzbach J. E., Prell W. L., et al. Evolution of Asian monsoon and phased uplift of the Himalaya-Tibetan plateau since Late Miocene times [J]. Nature,2001,411:62-66
[4]Burband C.W., Li J.J. Age and Palaeoclimatic Significance of the Loess of Lanzhou, China [J]. Nature, 1985,316 (4):141-143
[5]Burbank D.W., Beck A.R., Mulder T. The Himalayan foreland basin. In:Yin, A., Harrison, M. (Eds.), The Tectonic Evolution of Asia [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1996:149-188
[6]Cande S. C., Kent D. V. Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:6093-6095
[7]Charreau J., Gilder S., Chen Y., et al. Magnetostratigraphy of the Yaha section, Tarim Basin (China): 11 Ma acceleration in erosion and uplift of the Tian Shan mountains [J]. Geology,2006,34 (3): 181-184
[8]Chen M. H., Wang R. J., Yang L. H., et al. Development of east Asian summer monsoon environments in the late Miocene:radiolarian evidence from Site 1143 of ODP Leg 184 [J]. Marine Geology,2003, 201:169-177
[9]Chen X. L., Fang X. M., An Z.S., et al. An 8.1Ma calcite record of Asian summer monsoon evolution on the Chinese central Loess Plateau [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2007,50:392-403
[10]Clark M. K., House M. A., Royden L. H., et al. Late Cenozoic uplift of southeastern Tibet J]. Geology,2005,33 (6):525-528
[11]Clift P., Lee J. I., Clark M. K., et al. Erosional response of South China to arc rifting and monsoonal strengthening:a record from the South China Sea [J]. Marine Geology,2002,184:207-226
[12]Clift P., Hodges K. V., Heslop D., et al. Correlation of Himalayan exhumation rates and Asian monsoon intensity[J]. Nature Geoscience,2008,1:875-880
[13]Dettman D. L., Kohn M. J., Quade J., et al. Seasonal stable isotope evidence for a strong Asian monsoon throughout the past 10.7 m.y [J]. Geology,2001,29:31-34
[14]Dettman D. L., Fang X. M., Garzione C. N., et al. Uplift-driven climate change at 12 Ma:a long N18O record from the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2003,214: 267-277
[15]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Yang S. L., et al. Preliminary magnetostratigraphy of a thick eolian red clay-loess sequence at Lingtai, the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,1998a,25 (8):1225-1228
[16]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Liu T. S., et al. Wind blown origin of the Pliocene red clay formation in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1998b,161:135-143
[17]Ding Z. L., Xiong S. F., Sun J. M., et al. Pedostraigraphy and paleomagnetism of a-7.0 Ma eolian loess-red clay sequence at Lingtai, Loess Plateau, north-central China and the implications for paleomonsoon evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,1999,152:49-66
[18]Ding Z. L., Sun J. M., Yang S. L., et al. Geochemistry of the Pliocene red clay for mation in the Chinese Loess Plateau and implications for its origin, source provenance and paleoclimate change [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2001,65:901-913
[19]Evans M. E., Wang Y., Rutter N. W., et al. Preliminary magnetostratigraphy of the red clay underlying the loess sequence at Baoji, China [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,1991,18:1409-1412
[20]Evans M. E., Heller F. Magnetism of loess-palaeosol sequences:recent developments [J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2001,54:129-144
[21]Fan M. J., Song C. H., Dettman D. L., et al. Intensification of the Asian winter monsoon after 7.4 Ma: Grain-size evidence from the Linxia Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau,13.1 Ma to 4.3 Ma [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248:186-197
[22]Fan M. J., Dettman D. L., Song C. H., et al. Climatic variation in the Linxia basin, NE Tibetan Plateau, from 13.1 to 4.3 Ma:The stable isotope record [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2007,247:313-328
[23]Fang X. M., Zhang W. L., Meng Q. Q., et al. High-resolution magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Huaitoutala section in the eastern Qaidam Basin on the NE Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Province, China and its implication on tectonic uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2007,258:293-306
[24]Ganjoo R.K., Shaker S. Middle Miocene pedological record of monsoonal climate from NW Himalaya (Jammu& Kashmir State), India [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Science,2007,29:704-714
[25]Garzione C. N., Dettman D. L., Quade J., et al. High times on the Tibetan Plateau:Paleoelevation of the Thakkhola graben, Nepal[J]. Geology,2000a,28:339-342
[26]Garzione C.N., Quade J., DeCelles P.G., et al. Predicting paleoelevation of Tibet and the Himalaya
from δ18O vs. altitude gradients in meteoric water across the Nepal Himalaya [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000b,183:215-229
[27]Garzione C. N., Ikari M. J., Basu A. R. Source of Oligocene to Pliocene sedimentary rocks in the Linxia basin in northeastern Tibet from Nd isotopes:Implications for tectonic forcing of climate [J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,2005,117 (9/10):1156-1166
[28]Gautama P., Rosler W. Depositional chronology and fabric of Siwalik group sediments in Central Nepal from magnetostratigraphy and magnetic anisotropy [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,1999, 17:659-682
[29]Guo Z. T., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Origin of t he Miocene-Pliocene red earth formation at Xifeng in northern China and implications for paleoenvironments [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2001,170:11-26
[30]Guo Z. T., Ruddiman W. F., Hao Q. Z., et al. Onset of Asian desertification by 22 Myr ago inferred from loess deposit s in China [J]. Nature,2002,389:159-163
[31]Guo Z. T., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Late Miocene-Pleiocene development of Asian aridification as recorded in the Red-Earth formation in Northern China [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41 (3-4):135-145
[32]Guo Z. T., Sun B., Zhang Z. S., et al. A major reorganization of Asian climate by the early Miocene [J]. Climate of the Past,2008,4:153-174
[33]Hao Q. Z., Guo Z. T. Magnetostratigraphy of a late Miocene-Pliocene loess-soil sequence in the western Loess Plateau in China [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31, L09209, doi:10.1029/2003GL019392
[34]Hao Q. Z., Guo Z. T. Magnetostratigraphy of an early-middle Miocene loess-soil sequence in the western Loess Plateau of China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34, L18305, doi:10.1029/2007GL031162
[35]Harris N. The elevation history of the Tibetan Plateau and its implications for the Asian monsoon [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241:4-15
[36]Heller F., Liu T. S. Magnetostratigraphical Dating of Loess Deposits in China [J]. Nature,1982,300: 518-538
[37]Heslop D., Langereis C. G., Dekkers M. J. A new astronomical timescale for the loess deposits of Northern China [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,184:125-139
[38]Hou S. S., Yang S. L., Sun J. M., et al. Oxygen isotope compositions of quartz grains (4-16 μm) from Chinese eolian deposits and their implications for provenance [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2003,46 (10):1003-1011
[39]Huyghe P., Galy A., Mugri J. L., et al. Propagation of the thrust system and erosion in the Lesser Himalaya:Geochemical and sedimentological evidence [J]. Geology,2001,29:1007-1010
[40]Isozaki Y., Tada R., Sun Y. Provenance changes of eolian dust at Lingtai section in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 7Ma and its implication for desert development in East Asia [J]. Climate of the Past Discussion,2008,4:335-374
[41]Jiang H. C., Ding Z. L., Xiong S. F. Magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Sikouzi section at Guyuan, Ningxia, China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2007,243:223-234
[42]Jiang H. C., Ding Z. L. Eolian grain-size signature of the Sikouzi lacustrine sediments (Chinese Loess Plateau):Implications for Neogene evolution of the East Asian winter monsoon [J]. GSA Bulletin, 2010,122 (5/6):843-854
[43]Jiang W. Y., Peng S. Z., Hao Q. Z., et al. Carbon isotopic records in paleosols over the Pliocene in Northern China:Implication on vegetation development and Tibetan uplift [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2002,47 (8):687-690
[44]Kaakinena A., Lunkka J. P. Sedimentation of the Late Miocene Bahe Formation and its implications for stable environments adjacent to Qinling mountains in Shaanxi, China [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003,22:67-78
[45]Kaakinena A., Sonninen E., Lunkka J. P. Stable isotope record in paleosol carbonates from the Chinese
Loess Plateau:Implications for late Neogene paleoclimate and paleovegetation [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,237:359-369
[46]Kirschvink, J. L. The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data[J]. Geophysical Journal of Royal Astronomical Society,1980,62:699-718
[47]Li F. J., Wu N. Q., Pei Y. P., et al. Wind-blown origin of Dongwan Late Miocene-Pliocene dust sequence documented by land snail record in Western Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geology,2006,34 (5):405-408
[48]Li F. J., Rousseau D. D., Wu N. Q., et al. Late Neogene evolution of the East Asian monsoon revealed by terrestrial mollusk record in Western Chinese Loess Plateau:From winter to summer dominated sub-regime [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,274:439-447
[49]Liang M. Y., Guo Z. T., Kahmann A. J., et al. Geochemical characteristics of the Miocene eolian deposits in China:Their provenance and climate implications [J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems,2009,10 (4), doi:10.1029/2008GC002331
[50]Liu J. F., Guo Z. T., Qiao Y. S., et al. Eolian origin of the Miocene loess-soil sequence at Qin'an, China:Evidence of quartz morphology and quartz grain-size [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51: 117-120
[51]Liu L.P, Eronen J. T., Fortelius M. Significant mid-latitude aridity in the middle Miocene of East Asia [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2009,279:201-206
[52]Liu X. M., Liu T. S., Xu T. C., et al. The primary study on magnetostratigraphy of the loess profile in Xifeng area Gansu province [J]. Geophysical of Astronomy,1988,92:345-348
[53]Liu X. M., An Z. S., Tim R., et al. Magnetic properties of the Tertiary red clay from Gansu Province, China and its paleoclimatic significance [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2001,44 (7): 635-651
[54]Liu X. M., Rolph T., An Z. S., et al. Paleoclimatic significance of magnetic properties on the Red Clay underlying the loess and paleosols in China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2003,199:153-166
[55]Lu H. J., Xiong S. F. Magnetostratigraphy of the Dahonggou section, northern Qaidam Basin and its bearing on Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Qilian Shan and Altyn Tagh Fault [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2009,288:539-550
[56]Lu H. Y., Vandenberghe J., An Z. S. Aeolian origin and palaeoclimatic implications of the red clay (north China) as evidenced by grain-size distribution [J]. Journal of Quaternary Science,2001,16 (1): 89-97
[57]Lu H. Y., Wang X. Y., An Z. S., et al. Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2004, 47:822-833
[58]Ma Y. Z., Fang X. M., Li J. J., et al. The vegetation and climate change during Neocene and Early Quaternary in Jiuxi Basin, China [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2005,48 (5):676-688
[59]Miao X. D., Sun Y. B., Lu H. Y., et al. Spatial pattern of grain size in the Late Pliocene'Red Clay' deposits (North China) indicates transport by low-level northerly winds [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2004,206:149-155
[60]Molnar P., England P., Martinod J. Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian monsoon [J]. Reviews of Geophysics,1993,31(4):357-396
[61]Molnar P. Mio-Pliocene Growth of the Tibetan Plateau and Evolution of East Asian Climate [J]. Palaeontologia Electronica,2005,8 (1):1-23
[62]Moran K., Backman J., Brinkhuis H., et al. The Cenozoic palaeoenvironment of the Arctic Ocean [J]. Nature,2006,441:601-605
[63]Nie J. J., King J., Fang X. M. Enhancement mechanisms of magnetic susceptibility in the Chinese red-clay sequence [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34, doi:10.1029/2007GL031430
[64]Nie J. J., King J., Jackson M., et al. AC magnetic susceptibility studies of Chinese red clay sediments between 4.8 and 4.1 Ma:Paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic implications [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,2008,113, B10106, doi:10.1029/2008JB005654
[65]Pettke T., Halliday A. N., Hall C. M., et al. Dust production and deposition in Asia and the north Pacific Ocean over the past 12 Myr[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,178:397-413
[66]Porter S. C., An Z. S. Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation [J]. Nature,1995,375:305-308
[67]Qiang X. K., Li Z. X., Powell C., et al. Magnetiostratigrphic record of the late Miocene onset of the East Asian monsoon, and Pliocene uplift of northern Tibet [J]. Earth and Planet Sciences Letter,2001,
187 (1-2):83-93
[68]Rea D. K., Snoeckx H., Joseph L. H. Late Cenozoic eolian deposition in the North Pacific:Asian drying, Tibetan uplift, and cooling of the northern hemisphere [J]. Paleoceanography,1998,13: 215-224
[69]Rowley D. B., Pierrehumbert R. T., Currie B. S. A new approach to stable isotope-based paleoaltimetry:implications for paleoaltimetry and paleohypsometry of the High Himalaya since the Late Miocene [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2001,188:253-268
[70]Rutter N., Ding Z. L., Evans M. E., et al. Baoji-type pedostratigraphic section on loess plateau, north central China[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,1991,10:1-22
[71]Shi Y. F., Tang M. C., Ma Y. Z. Linkage between the second uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau and the initiation of the Asian monsoon system[J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science, 1999,42 (3):303-312
[72]Song Y. G., Fang X. M., Torii M., et al. Magnetostratigraphy of Late Tertiary sediments from the Chinese Loess Plateau and its paleoclimatic significance [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46: 16-22
[73]Song Y. G., Fang X. M., Torii M., et al. Late Neogene rock magnetic record of climatic variation from Chinese eolian sediments related to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 2007,30:324-332
[74]Spicer R. A., Harris B. W., Widdowson M., et al. Constant elevation of southern Tibet over the past 15 million years [J]. Nature,2003,421:622-624
[75]Sun D. H., Liu T. S., Chen M. Y., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and palaeoclimate of Red Clay sequences from Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,1997,40:337-343
[76]Sun D. H., Shaw J., An Z. S., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation of a continuous 7.2 Ma late Cenozoic eolian sediments from the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysics Research Letters, 1998a,25(1):85-88
[77]Sun D. H., An Z. S., Shaw J., et al. Magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic significance of Late Tertiary Aeolian sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Journal International,1998b,134: 207-212
[78]Sun D. H., Bloemendal J., Rea D. K., et al. Grain-size distribution function of polymodal sediments in hydraulic and Aeolian environments, and numerical partitioning of the sedimentary components [J]. Sedimentary Geology,2002,152 (3-4):263-277
[79]Sun D. H. Monsoon and westerly circulation changes recorded in the Late Cenozoic aeolian sequences of Northern China [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41 (1):63-80
[80]Sun D. H., Su R. X., Bloemendal J., et al. Grain-size and accumulation rate records from Late Cenozoic aeolian sequences in northern China:Implications for variations in the East Asian winter monsoon and westerly atmospheric circulation [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2008,264:39-53
[81]Sun J. M., Zhu R. X., An Z. S. Tectonic uplift in the northern Tibetan Plateau since 13.7 Ma ago inferred from molasse deposits along the Altyn Tagh Fault [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005,235:641-653
[82]Sun J. M., Liu T. S. The Age of the Taklimakan Desert [J]. Science,2006,312:1621
[83]Sun X. J., Wang P. X. How old is the Asian monsoon system?-Palaeobotanical records from China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2005,222:181-222
[84]Sun Y. B., Lu H. Y., An Z. S. Grain size of loess, palaeosol and Red Clay deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau:Significance for understanding pedogenic alteration and palaeomonsoon evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241:129-138
[85]Vandenberghe J., Lu H. Y., Sun D. H., et al. The late Miocene and Pliocene climate in East Asia as recorded by grain size and magnetic susceptibility of the Red Clay deposits (Chinese Loess Plateau) [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2004,204:239-255
[86]Wang J. L., Fang X. M., Li J. J. Eolian sand deposition and its environmental significance in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44:2250-2255
[87]Wang L., Lu H. Y.,Wu N. Q., et al. Palynological evidence for Late Miocene-Pliocene vegetation evolution recorded in the red clay sequence of the central Chinese Loess Plateau and implication for palaeoenvironmental change [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,241: 118-128
[88]Wang P. X., Jian Z. M., Zhao Q. H., et al. Evolution of the South China Sea and monsoon history revealed in deep-sea records [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48 (23):2549-2561
[89]Wang P. X. Clemens S., Beaufort L. et al. Evolution and variability of the Asian monsoon system: state of the art and outstanding issues [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2005,24:595-629
[90]Wang X. Y., Lu H. Y., Ji J. F., et al. Origin of the Red Earth sequence on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and its implications for regional aridity since the middle Miocene [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Sciences,2006,49 (5):505-517
[91]Wang Y., Deng T. A 25 m.y. isotopic record of paleodiet and environmental change from fossil mammals and paleosols from the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,236:322-338
[92]Wen L. J., Lu H. Y., Qiang X. K. Changes in grain-size and sedimentation rate of the Neogene Red Clay deposits along the Chinese Loess Plateau and implications for the palaeowind system [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2005,48:1452-1462
[93]Wu N. Q., Pei Y. P., Lu H. Y., et al. Marked ecological shifts during 6.2-2.4Ma revealed by a terrestrial molluscan record from the Chinese Red Clay Formation and implication for palaeoclimatic evolution [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2006,233 (3-4):287-299
[94]Xiong S. F., Jiang W. Y., Yang S. L., et al. Northwestward decline of magnetic susceptibility for the red clay deposit in the Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2002,29 (24), doi:10. 1029/2002GL015808
[95]Xu Y., Yue L. P., Li J. X., et al. An 11-Ma-old red clay sequence on the Eastern Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2009,284:383-391
[96]Xue X. X., Zhang Y. X., Yue L. P. Discovery and chronological division of the Hipparion fauna in Laogaochuan Village, Fugu County, Shaanxi [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1995,40:926-929
[97]Xue X. X., Zhang Y. X., Yue L. P. Paleoenvironments indicated by the fossil mammalian assemblages from red clay-loess sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 8.0 Ma B.P. [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2006,49 (5):518-530
[98]Yang, S. L., Ding, Z. L. Comparison of particle size characteristics of the Tertiary 'red clay' and Pleistocene loess in the Chinese Loess Plateau:implications for origin and sources of the 'red clay' [J]. Sedimentology,2004,51:77-93
[99]Yue L. P., Li J. X., Zheng G. Z., et al. Evoloion of the Ordos Plateau and environmental effects [J]. Science in China, Series D-Earth Science,2007,50:19-26
[100]Zachos J., Pagani M., Sloan L., et al. Trends, Rhythms, and Aberrations in Global Climate 65 Ma to Present [J]. Science,2001,292:686-693
[101]Zhang P. Z., Burchfiel B. C., Molnar P., et al. Amount and style of late Cenozoic deformation in the Liupanshan area, Ninxia Autonomous region, China [J]. Tectonics,1991,10:1111-1129
[102]Zhang Y. X., Chen D. L., Xue X. X. Age distribution of the fauna 5.3 Ma B.P. and climatic deterioration events in North China [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1997,42:1826-1829
[103]Zheng D. W., Zhang P. Z., Wan J. L., et al. Rapid exhumation at ～8 Ma on the Liupan Shan thrust fault from apatite fission-track thermochronology:Implications for growth of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau margin [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248:198-208
[104]Zheng H. B., Powellc C. M., Rea D. K., et al. Late Miocene and mid-Pliocene enhancement of the East Asian monsoon as viewed from the land and sea [J]. Global and Planetary Change,2004,41: 147-155
[105]Zhu Y. M., Zhou L. P., Mo D. W., et al. A new magnetostratigraphic framework for late Neogene Hipparion Red Clay in the eastern Loess Plateau of China [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2008,268:47-57
[106]安芷生,王俊达,李华梅.洛川黄土剖面的古地磁研究[J].地球化学,1977,4：239-249
[107]安芷生,G.Kukla,刘东生.洛川黄土地层学[J].第四纪研究,1989,2：155-168
[108]安芷生,王苏民,吴锡浩,等.中国黄土高原的风积证据：晚新生代北半球大冰期开始及青藏高原的隆升驱动[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(6)：481-490
[109]安芷生,孙东怀,陈明扬,等.黄土高原红粘土序列与晚第三纪的气候事件[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：435-446
[110]安芷生,刘晓东.东亚季风气候的历史与变率[J].科学通报,2000,45(3)：238-249
[111]安芷生,张培震,王二七,等.中新世以来我国季风-干旱环境演化与青藏高原的生长[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(5)：678-693
[112]曹军骥,张小曳,程燕,等.晚新生代红粘土的粒度分布及其指示的冬季风演变[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(3)：99-106
[113]陈宝群,孙东怀,安芷生.蓝田白鹿原晚第三纪风成红粘土序列的古季风气候记录[J].陕西师
范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(4)：112-117
[114]陈丹玲.三趾马红粘土的粒度组成特征及其地质意义[J].西北地质科学,1996,17(2)：1-5
[115]陈丹玲,张云翔,岳乐平,等.陕西北部三趾马红粘土成土碳酸盐碳、氧稳定同位素特征及所记录的古气候演变[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997,22(2)：190-194
[116]陈晓峰.山西静乐县“静乐期”地层及大哺乳动物化石[J].第四纪研究,1994,(4)：339-353
[117]陈秀玲,方小敏,安芷生,等.黄土高原8.1Ma以来方解石记录的夏季风演化[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2007,37(1)：61-70
[118]邓涛,王伟铭,岳乐平.新近纪保德阶研究新进展[J].地层学杂志,2004,28(1)：41-47
[119]丁仲礼,刘东生.中国黄土研究新进展(一)黄土地层[J].第四纪研究,1989,1：24-35
[120]丁仲礼,余志伟,刘东生.中国黄土研究新进展(三)时间标尺[J].第四纪研究,1991,4：336-348
[121]丁仲礼,孙继敏,朱日祥,等.黄土高原红粘土成因及上新世北方干旱化问题[J].第四纪研究,1997,2：147-157
[122]丁仲礼,孙继敏,杨石岭,等.灵台黄土-红粘土序列的磁性地层及粒度记录[J].第四纪研究,1998,1：86-94
[123]丁仲礼,杨石岭,孙继敏,等.2.6 Ma前后大气环流重构的黄土-红粘土沉积证据[J].第四纪研究,1999,(3)：277-281
[124]葛同明.洛川黄土沉积层的磁性地层学研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1984,4(1)：37-44
[125]弓虎军,张云翔,黄雷.甘肃临夏盆地新近纪红粘土粒度组成的古环境意义[J].沉积学报,2005,23(2)：260-267
[126]弓虎军.中国黄河中游地区新近纪红粘土的成因[D].西安：西北大学,2007
[127]顾兆炎,丁仲礼,熊尚发,等.灵台红粘土和黄土古土壤序列的地球化学演化[J].第四纪研究,1999,4：357-365
[128]顾兆炎,Lal D.,郭正堂,等.黄土高原黄土和红粘土10Be地球化学特征[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：409-422
[129]郭正堂,彭淑贞,郝青振,等.晚第三纪中国西北干旱化的发展及其与北极冰盖形成演化和青藏高原隆升的关系[J].第四纪研究,1999,1：556-567
[130]郝青振,郭正堂,彭淑贞.陇西第三纪红土磁学性质初步研究[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：447-456
[131]姜文英,彭淑贞,郝青振,等.上新世红粘土的碳同位素记录与青藏高原隆升的关系[J].科学通报,2001,49(24)：2065-2068
[132]匡永生.秦安-天水地区新生代盆地沉积演化[D].兰州：兰州大学,2007
[133]李长江.晋陕蒙交界地区晚第三纪沉积特征与地貌演化[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(3)：121-129
[134]李丰江,吴乃琴,裴云鹏.黄土高原西部秦安新近纪风尘堆积的蜗牛化石证据[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(4)：510-515
[135]李丰江,吴乃琴,Denis D. R黄土高原秦安中新世黄土-古土壤序列的蜗牛化石初步研究[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(5)：438-444
[136]李华梅.地磁场倒转和古地磁年表[J].地质地球化学,1974,12：1-6
[137]李华梅,王俊达.中国北方几个典型地质剖面的磁性地层学研究[J].第四纪研究,1985,6(2)：29-33
[138]李杰,旺罗,裴云鹏,等.甘肃西峰6.2-2.4MaB.P红粘土中孢粉记录及古植被演化[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(4)：467-473
[139]李建星.鄂尔多斯盆地红粘土分布特征与新构造运动研究[D].西安：西北大学,2006
[140]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.再搬运红粘土的发现及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2009a,27(6)：1184-1190
[141]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.从山前砾石看黄河形成与吕梁山隆升[J].地理科学,2009b,29(4)：582-586
[142]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.吕梁山西麓红粘土和水成堆积物之间的关系[J].沉积学报,2009c,27(3)：518-524
[143]李建星,岳乐平,徐永,等.吕梁山地区新近纪晚期地层研究进展[J].地层学杂志,2009d,33(2)：177-182
[144]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5)：617-638
[145]刘东生.黄河中游黄土[M].北京：科学出版社,1964.
[146]刘东生.中国的黄土堆积(中国黄土分布图说明书)[M].北京：科学出版社,1965
[147]刘东土.黄土与环境[M].北京：科学出版社,1985
[148]刘东生.黄土与干旱环境[M].合肥：安徽科学技术出版社,2009
[149]刘进峰,郭正堂,郝青振,等.甘肃秦安糜子湾剖面中新世风尘堆积的磁性地层学研究[J].第四纪研究,2005a,25(4)：503-509
[150]刘进峰,郭正堂,乔彦松,等.秦安中新世黄土-古土壤序列石英颗粒形态特征、粒度分布及其对成因的指示意义[J].科学通报,2005,50(24)：2806-2809
[151]刘卫国,张普,孙有斌,等.黄土高原中部7-2Ma期间古植被变化的分子化石证据-以赵家川剖面为例[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(5)：806-811
[152]刘秀铭,安芷生,强小科,等.甘肃第三系红粘土磁学性质初步研究及古气候意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,(3)：192-205
[153]刘艳霖.黄河中游上第三系沉积地层及其古环境演化[D].乌鲁木齐：新疆大学,2004
[154]刘艳霖,岳乐平,帕拉提.黄河中游新近系红粘土粒度特征及其古环境-以陕西府谷老高川为例[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(1)：78-83
[155]刘艳霖,岳乐平,帕拉提.陕西老高川红粘土剖面粒度磁化率特征及古环境意义[J].中国地质,2005,32(3)：496-501
[156]梁美艳,郭正堂,顾兆炎.中新世风尘堆积的地球化学特征及其与上新世和第四纪风尘堆积的比较[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(4)：657-664
[157]鹿化煜,安芷生.洛川黄土粒度组成的古气候意义[J].科学通报,1997,42(1)：66-69
[158]鹿化煜,安芷生.黄土高原红粘土与黄土古土壤粒度特征对比-红粘土风成成因的新证据[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2)：227-232
[159]鹿化煜,安芷生,王晓勇,等.最近14Ma青藏高原东北缘阶段性隆升的地貌证据[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(9)：855-864
[160]吕连清,方小敏,Mason J. A.,等.8.1Ma以来朝那黄土-红黏土剖面粒度揭示的冬季风与北半球高纬气候的耦合演化[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(增刊)：149-154
[161]罗静兰,张云翔.黄河中游三趾马红粘土的岩石学研究及古气候意义-以陕西府谷老高川三趾马红粘土剖面为例[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2)：214-220
[162]马玉贞,李吉均,方小敏.临夏地区30.6-5.0Ma红层孢粉植物群与气候演化记录[J].科学通报,1998,43(3)：301-304
[163]马玉贞,吴福莉,方小敏,等.黄土高原陇东盆地朝那红粘上8.1-2.6Ma的抱粉记录[J].科学通报,2005,50(15)：107-116
[164]苗晓东,孙有斌,鹿化煜.黄土高原晚上新世红粘土粒度的空间变化[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2)：182-185
[165]鸟居雅之,福间浩司,苏黎,等.黄土古土壤磁化率述评[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(3)：83-96
[166]裴云鹏,吴乃琴,李丰江.晚第三纪红粘土成因和沉积环境的生物学证据：蜗牛化石记录[J].科学通报,2004,49(13)：1294-1298
[167]彭淑贞,郭正堂.西峰晚第三纪红土记录的亮度学特征[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(1)：110
[168]彭淑贞,郭正堂.风成三趾马红土与第四纪黄土的粘土矿物组成异同及其环境意义[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：277-285
[169]钱方,马醒华,吴锡浩.中国第四纪磁性地层的初步研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1983,3(3)：17-30
[170]强小科,安芷生,常宏.佳县红粘土堆积序列频率磁化率的古气候意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(3)：91-96
[171]强小科,安芷生,李华梅,等.佳县红粘土堆积的磁学性质及其古气候意义[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(7)：658-667
[172]乔彦松,郭正堂,郝青振,等.中新世黄土-古土壤序列的粒度特征及其对成因的指示意义[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(7)：646-653
[173]山西省地矿局区域地质调查队.山西省区域地质志[M].北京：地质出版社,1989
[174]山西省柳林县志编纂委员会.柳林县志[M],1995
[175]山西省石楼县志编纂委员会.石楼县志[M],1994
[176]施炜.鄂尔多斯高原东西两侧构造地貌特征分析及新构造意义[D].北京：中国地质大学,2006
[177]宋春晖,鲁新川,邢强,等.临夏盆地晚新生代沉积物元素特征与古气候变迁[J].沉积学报,2007,25(3)：409-416
[178]宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,等.六盘山东麓朝那剖面红粘土年代及其构造意义[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(5)：457-463
[179]宋友桂.六盘山及邻区晚新生代沉积与构造隆升.兰州：兰州大学,2001
[180]宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,等.晚新生代六盘山隆升过程初探[J].中国科学(D辑)(增刊),2001,31：142-148
[181]孙东怀,刘东生,陈明扬,等.中国黄土高原红粘土序列的磁性地层与气候变化[J].中国科学(D辑),1997a,(3)：265-270
[182]孙东怀.晚新生代黄土高原风尘序列的磁性地层与古气候记录.西安：中国科学院地球环境研究所,1997b
[183]孙东怀,陈明扬,John Shaw,等.晚新生代黄土高原风尘堆积序列的磁性地层年代与古气候记录[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(1)：79-84
[184]孙东怀,鹿化煜.晚新生代黄土高原风尘序列的粒度和沉积速率与中国北方大气环流演变[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：251-262
[185]孙继敏,许立亮.8Ma以来黄土高原风尘堆积的物源变化与上地壳演化的关系[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：187-192
[186]孙有斌,周杰,安芷生.灵台风尘堆积中钙质结核的地球化学研究[J].地球化学,2000,29(3)：277-282
[187]孙有斌,孙东怀,安芷生.灵台红粘土黄土古土壤序列频率磁化率的古气候意义[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(3)：300-306
[188]童国榜,郑宏瑞,杨振京,等.中国4Ma来抱粉植物群气候的多重旋回模型[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(4)：81-96
[189]王均平.黄河中游晚新生代地貌演化与黄河发育[D].兰州：兰州大学,2006,69-72
[190]王先彦,鹿化煜,弋双文,等.晚新生代洛川典型风尘堆积序列的延伸[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006a,26(1)：89-92
[191]王先彦,鹿化煜,季峻峰,等.青藏高原东北缘中新世红色土状堆积序列的成因及其对亚洲干旱过程的指示[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006b,36(3)：261-272
[192]王兴武.山西省的晚新生代地层[M],1983,1-330
[193]王永焱,吴在宝,岳乐平.兰州黄土的生成时代及结构特征[J].西北大学学报,1978,2：1-27
[194]王永焱,岳乐平.根据古地磁资料探讨陕西渭北高原黄土分层问题[J].地质论评,1980,26：141-147
[195]王永焱,滕志宏.中国黄土的地层划分[J].地质论评,1983,29(3)：201-208
[196]汶玲娟,鹿化煜,强小科.新近纪黄土高原红黏土粒度和沉积速率的空间变化及其揭示的古大气粉尘传输动力[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2004,34(8)：739-747
[197]谢巧勤,陈天虎,季峻峰,等.甘肃灵台黄土红粘土序列中坡缕石的分布及其古气候意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(6)：653-658
[198]熊尚发.黄土-红粘土记录的构造尺度气候变化[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2)：242-250
[199]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.陕西府谷老高川三趾马动物群的发现及时代分期[J].科学通报,1995,40(5)：447-449.
[200]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.黄土高原一个连续的晚新生代剖面及其划分与对比[J].地层学杂志,2001,25(2)：81-88
[201]薛祥煦,鹿化煜,周杰.陕西旬邑新近系红土剖面粒度组成的古气候意义[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1)：118-123
[202]薛祥煦,岳乐平,周杰,等.陕西旬邑晚新生代红土-黄土序列磁化率特征与环境变迁[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(1)：103-108
[203]薛祥煦,张云翔,岳乐平.从哺乳动物化石看中国黄土高原红黏土-黄土系列的气候环境及演变[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2006,36(4)：359-369
[204]杨石岭,丁仲礼,顾兆炎,等.灵台红粘土-黄土剖面晚中新世以来钙质结核的碳同位素记录及其古植被指示意义[J].科学通报,1998,43(21)：2323-2326
[205]杨石岭,侯圣山,王旭,等.泾川晚第三纪红粘土的磁性地层及其与灵台剖面的对比[J].第四纪
研究,2000,20(5)：423-434
[206]岳乐平.蓝田段家坡黄土剖面磁性地层学研究[J].地质论评,1989,35(5)：479-488
[207]岳乐平,雷祥义,屈红军.靖远黄土剖面磁性地层的初步研究[J].第四纪研究,1991,4：349-353
[208]岳乐平.中国黄土与红色粘土记录的地磁极性界限及地质意义[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(3)：311-320
[209]岳乐平,薛祥煦.中国黄土古地磁学.北京：地质出版社,1996
[210]岳乐平,张云翔.山西静乐贺丰三趾马动物群与磁性地层[J].古脊椎动物学报,1998,36(1)：76-80
[211]岳乐平,张云翔,王建其,等.山西静乐和陕西榆林地区红色土与黄土-古土壤序列之关系[J].中国区域地质,1999,18(1)：69-72
[212]岳乐平,邓涛,张云翔,等.保德阶层型剖面磁性地层学研究[J].2004,28(1)：48-51
[213]岳乐平,李建星,郑国璋,等.鄂尔多斯高原演化及环境效应[J].中国科学(D辑：地球科学),2007,37(增刊Ⅰ)：16-22
[214]张培震,郑德文,尹功明,等.有关青藏高原东北缘晚新生代扩展与隆升的讨论[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(1)：5-13
[215]张勇,李吉均,赵志军,等.中国北方晚新生代红粘土研究之若干问题[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(1)：9-11
[216]张勇,李吉均,赵志军,等.中国北方新近系红土的正构烷烃构成分析[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版),2007,19(2)：49-58
[217]张云翔,薛祥煦,岳乐平.陕西府谷老高川新第三纪“红层”的划分与时代[J].地层学杂志,1995,19(3)：214-2190
[218]张云翔,岳乐平,陈丹玲,等.中国北部新第三纪红层划分的岩石学标志及其意义[J].地层学杂志,1997,21(1)：63-67
[219]张云翔,陈丹玲,薛祥煦,等.黄河中游新第三纪晚期红粘土的成因类型[J].地层学杂志,1998,22(1)：10-15
[220]张云翔,岳乐平,曹红霞.黄河中游新近纪三趾马动物群生态序列[J].科学通报,2001,46(14)：1196-1199
[221]张振克,何华春,李书恒,等.中国东部中新世风尘沉积的发现及其研究意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(1)：116-123
[222]赵景波.西安、山西保德第三纪晚期红土的研究[J].沉积学报,1989,7(3)：113-120
[223]郑洪波,安芷生,Shaw J.,等.段家坡黄土剖面磁性地层学研究.黄土.第四纪地质.全球变化(第三辑)[M].北京：科学出版社,1992,38-43
[224]朱大岗,孟宪刚,邵兆刚,等.山西保德-静乐地区新近纪地层时代讨论[J].地质通报,2008,27(4)：510-516
[225]朱岗崑.古地磁学-基础、原理、方法、成果与应用[M].北京：科学出版,2005
[226]朱日祥,潘永信,丁仲礼.红粘土的磁学性质研究[J].第四纪研究,1996,(3)：232-238
[227]朱艳明,周力平,张世红.中国北方上新世晚期-更新世早期风成沉积物磁化率各向异性初探[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(6)：1009-1015
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |