胶东烟台市福山区杜家崖金矿床成因矿物学与找矿
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摘要
胶东金矿集中区是我国重要的黄金生产基地。与产在大型断裂带上著名的焦家金矿、玲珑金矿不同,杜家崖金矿是新类型的金矿床——层间滑脱拆离带型。
杜家崖金矿位于华北克拉通东南缘,胶北隆起区中部。区内构造、岩浆活动频繁,脉岩发育,与成矿关系密切的燕山期岩浆岩为闪长玢岩、石英闪长玢岩。金矿体赋存于粉子山群中,受NE、EW向断裂和逆冲断裂控制。围岩蚀变主要有钾化、绢英岩化、硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化和绿泥石化,矿化阶段分为黄铁绢英岩阶段、黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段。
黄铁矿标型特征：S／Fe>2为亏铁型；热电导型以P型为主,且从矿体上部向下热电系数呈高-低-高变化；晶胞参数普遍偏大；As、Sb、Pb、Zn主要富集在矿体上部,Co/Ni含量比显示岩浆热液成因型矿床特点；结合REE与HFSE显示出成矿热液为富C1的流体。石英流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体为CO_2-H2_O体系,液相成分主要为K~+、Ca~(2+)、Na~+和Cl~-,均一温度集中于134-275℃之间,pH：4.52-6.10、Eh：-0.27--0.35v、盐度：0.71～23.05 wt%NaCl、密度：0.75-0.92 g/cm~3、成矿深度5.04～7.19km；研究显示成矿热液为中低温度,中等盐度流体,属于弱酸性、还原环境。主成矿阶段石英热释光曲线呈单峰型、峰位集中在206.26～255.79℃.
研究区中酸性脉岩闪长玢岩、石英闪长玢岩与矿体为相伴关系,锆石的CL图像具有典型的岩浆振荡环带,部分锆石从核部到边部反映出生长过程中形态的变化,石英闪长玢岩和闪长玢岩分别获得了129.3±1Ma和129.4±5.6Ma的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄,结合REE地球化学数据,两者具有相对氧化和相对还原两个端元的结晶环境,源区分别为地壳和地幔。
稳定同位素研究表明,该矿床成矿热液主要源于岩浆和大气水,且岩浆主要来源于地壳,并混有少量地幔物质,成矿物质主要来自岩浆和赋矿围岩,围岩主要位于粉子山群等老地层。根据矿体金品位等值线垂直纵投影图、矿体产状变化、各矿物标型特征、野外各地质体的相互接触关系,提出杜家崖金矿区深部与近外围远景预测靶区。
Jiaodong gold deposit cluster in Shandong Province is the most important gold production base in China. Different from two famous gold deposit "Jiaojia deposit" and "Linglong deposit", DuJiaya gold deposit is a new type——interlayer gliding detachment zone type.
DuJiaya gold deposit is located tectonically in the southeast margin of the North China craton, and in the central of Jiaobei uplift.where tectonic movement and magmatic activities are active. The diorite porphyrite and the quartz diorite porphyrite is related to the ore-forming genetically. The auriferous ore bodies which are controlled by the Northern east, the Eastern west fault and the thrusting fault, are in the complex of Fenzishan Gr.The alterations of wall rock related to mineralization were pyrilic phyllic,silicification, pyritization and so on..Mineralization phase contain beresitization phase, pyrite-quartz phase, quartz-pyrite phase, quartzpolymetallic-sulfide phase, and quartz-carbonate phase.
The typomorphic characteristics of pyrite:The ratio of S/Fe is over 2 and the chemical composition shows that pyrites are poor in Fe; The P type is the domestic thermoelectricity type, and the thermal electricity coefficient display regular high-low-high style changes. Unit cell parameters are generally high; trace elements data presents that As, Sb, Pb and Zn concentrate in the upper part of ore body; Co/Ni content rate indicates the deposit have magamatic hydrothermal genesis characteristics.The data combining with REE and HFSE information indicates that the hydrothermal ore-forming solution is Cl-rich fluid.The component in the quartz fluid inclusions is composed of CO_2, H_2O, K~+,Na~+ and Cl~-.The homogeneous temperature is concentrate on 134～275℃. pH:4.52～6.10, Eh:-0.27～-0.35v, salinity:0.71～23.05 wt% NaCl, density:0.75～0.92 g/cm~3 and mineralization depth: 5.04～7.19km.The study shows that or-forming fluid is middle-low temperature, middle salinity fluid belonging to weak acid and reducing environment. The curves shape of thermoluminescence of major metallogenic stages are one-peak pattern. The curve peak locations is 206.26～255.79℃.
The lithology of dykes mainly composed of dioritic porphyrite,quartz dioritic porphyrite,and they are together with the orebody.quartz dioritic porphyrite.The CL images show clear internal morphology of zircons, and from core to edge, Zircon from two samples obtained 129.3±1 Ma and 129.4±5.6Ma LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age respectively, Combining the REE geochemical data, both have relatively oxidation and reduction of the two opposite the crystallization of environment, we concluded that they have the crust and mantle region respectively.
The result of stable isotope show that the hydrothermal ore forming solution mainly comes from magmatic fluid and atmospheric Water, and magma with major crust and minor mantle substances.The metallogenic materals mainly came from the magma and the host wallrock.the host wallrock is from the lower Proterozoic group, such as Fenzishan group formation and so on.Based on the contour map of gold grade, the changes of ore body occurence,the typomorphic characteristics of typical minerals, and the contact relationships between different geological bodies in field, predicting target areas.
杜家崖金矿位于华北克拉通东南缘,胶北隆起区中部。区内构造、岩浆活动频繁,脉岩发育,与成矿关系密切的燕山期岩浆岩为闪长玢岩、石英闪长玢岩。金矿体赋存于粉子山群中,受NE、EW向断裂和逆冲断裂控制。围岩蚀变主要有钾化、绢英岩化、硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化和绿泥石化,矿化阶段分为黄铁绢英岩阶段、黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段。
黄铁矿标型特征：S／Fe>2为亏铁型；热电导型以P型为主,且从矿体上部向下热电系数呈高-低-高变化；晶胞参数普遍偏大；As、Sb、Pb、Zn主要富集在矿体上部,Co/Ni含量比显示岩浆热液成因型矿床特点；结合REE与HFSE显示出成矿热液为富C1的流体。石英流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体为CO_2-H2_O体系,液相成分主要为K~+、Ca~(2+)、Na~+和Cl~-,均一温度集中于134-275℃之间,pH：4.52-6.10、Eh：-0.27--0.35v、盐度：0.71～23.05 wt%NaCl、密度：0.75-0.92 g/cm~3、成矿深度5.04～7.19km；研究显示成矿热液为中低温度,中等盐度流体,属于弱酸性、还原环境。主成矿阶段石英热释光曲线呈单峰型、峰位集中在206.26～255.79℃.
研究区中酸性脉岩闪长玢岩、石英闪长玢岩与矿体为相伴关系,锆石的CL图像具有典型的岩浆振荡环带,部分锆石从核部到边部反映出生长过程中形态的变化,石英闪长玢岩和闪长玢岩分别获得了129.3±1Ma和129.4±5.6Ma的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄,结合REE地球化学数据,两者具有相对氧化和相对还原两个端元的结晶环境,源区分别为地壳和地幔。
稳定同位素研究表明,该矿床成矿热液主要源于岩浆和大气水,且岩浆主要来源于地壳,并混有少量地幔物质,成矿物质主要来自岩浆和赋矿围岩,围岩主要位于粉子山群等老地层。根据矿体金品位等值线垂直纵投影图、矿体产状变化、各矿物标型特征、野外各地质体的相互接触关系,提出杜家崖金矿区深部与近外围远景预测靶区。
Jiaodong gold deposit cluster in Shandong Province is the most important gold production base in China. Different from two famous gold deposit "Jiaojia deposit" and "Linglong deposit", DuJiaya gold deposit is a new type——interlayer gliding detachment zone type.
DuJiaya gold deposit is located tectonically in the southeast margin of the North China craton, and in the central of Jiaobei uplift.where tectonic movement and magmatic activities are active. The diorite porphyrite and the quartz diorite porphyrite is related to the ore-forming genetically. The auriferous ore bodies which are controlled by the Northern east, the Eastern west fault and the thrusting fault, are in the complex of Fenzishan Gr.The alterations of wall rock related to mineralization were pyrilic phyllic,silicification, pyritization and so on..Mineralization phase contain beresitization phase, pyrite-quartz phase, quartz-pyrite phase, quartzpolymetallic-sulfide phase, and quartz-carbonate phase.
The typomorphic characteristics of pyrite:The ratio of S/Fe is over 2 and the chemical composition shows that pyrites are poor in Fe; The P type is the domestic thermoelectricity type, and the thermal electricity coefficient display regular high-low-high style changes. Unit cell parameters are generally high; trace elements data presents that As, Sb, Pb and Zn concentrate in the upper part of ore body; Co/Ni content rate indicates the deposit have magamatic hydrothermal genesis characteristics.The data combining with REE and HFSE information indicates that the hydrothermal ore-forming solution is Cl-rich fluid.The component in the quartz fluid inclusions is composed of CO_2, H_2O, K~+,Na~+ and Cl~-.The homogeneous temperature is concentrate on 134～275℃. pH:4.52～6.10, Eh:-0.27～-0.35v, salinity:0.71～23.05 wt% NaCl, density:0.75～0.92 g/cm~3 and mineralization depth: 5.04～7.19km.The study shows that or-forming fluid is middle-low temperature, middle salinity fluid belonging to weak acid and reducing environment. The curves shape of thermoluminescence of major metallogenic stages are one-peak pattern. The curve peak locations is 206.26～255.79℃.
The lithology of dykes mainly composed of dioritic porphyrite,quartz dioritic porphyrite,and they are together with the orebody.quartz dioritic porphyrite.The CL images show clear internal morphology of zircons, and from core to edge, Zircon from two samples obtained 129.3±1 Ma and 129.4±5.6Ma LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age respectively, Combining the REE geochemical data, both have relatively oxidation and reduction of the two opposite the crystallization of environment, we concluded that they have the crust and mantle region respectively.
The result of stable isotope show that the hydrothermal ore forming solution mainly comes from magmatic fluid and atmospheric Water, and magma with major crust and minor mantle substances.The metallogenic materals mainly came from the magma and the host wallrock.the host wallrock is from the lower Proterozoic group, such as Fenzishan group formation and so on.Based on the contour map of gold grade, the changes of ore body occurence,the typomorphic characteristics of typical minerals, and the contact relationships between different geological bodies in field, predicting target areas.
引文
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