鸭瘟病毒US3基因的发现、原核表达及应用研究
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摘要
1鸭瘟病毒US3基因发现、克隆及分子特性分析鸭瘟病毒给养鸭业带来极大的危害,然而对于该病毒的分子生物学信息了解甚少。本文通过实验室构建的DEV基因组文库发现了一个编码DEV US3蛋白的开放阅读框,并通过PCR检测和克隆、测序进一步鉴定其存在于DEV。通过对该序列的进化树分析发现,DEV在进化关系上更接近与马立克氏病毒属。其它生物信息学分析包括基本理化性质分析、翻译后修饰分析、亚细胞定位分析、疏水性分析、抗原性分析已及蛋白高级结构预测,其为进一步研究DEV US3蛋白提供了理论支持。
2鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核载体构建、表达、产物纯化及其抗体制备根据我们获得的鸭瘟病毒US3基因序列,设计一对特异扩增DEV US3基因完整开放阅读框的PCR引物,并将扩增序列克隆到pMD18-T载体,构建重组载体pMD18T-US3,通过对该重组质粒做PCR、酶切及测序鉴定后,将目的片段亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+),成功构建了重组表达载体pET-32a-US3。进一步将该重组质粒转化入表达宿主菌BL21(DE3),诱导表达出一条分子量约63kD的融合蛋白,与预期大小一致。重组蛋白表达可溶性研究显示该蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在于宿主菌。对表达条件优化结果显示,该重组质粒的原核表达最佳IPTG诱导浓度为0.6 mmol/L、最佳诱导表达温度为30℃、最佳诱导时间为4 h。根据优化表达条件,诱导表达的重组蛋白经过包涵体洗涤粗提后溶于8 mol/L的尿素中,溶解的表达产物再经镍离子亲和层析纯化,获得了高纯度的表达蛋白。用此纯化表达产物制备弗氏佐剂疫苗接种家兔制备抗DEVUS3蛋白高免血清,并经过进一步的纯化过程成功获得了抗DEV US3蛋白的抗体IgG,为相关DEV US3蛋白的研究提供了必要的条件。
3鸭瘟病毒US3基因在宿主细胞内的转录时相、表达时相和US3蛋白亚细胞定位试验利用荧光定量方法对DEV感染不同时间US3基因的转录时相进行分析,结果显示DEV US3基因在感染后1 h开始启动转录,在感染后8 h达到最高峰,而在感染后12 h以后转录水平明显下降并维持在一定水平。试验同时也以间接免疫荧光技术对DEV感染细胞后US3蛋白表达时相进行了分析,结果显示在病毒感染后2 h可以在感染细胞中检测到DEV US3蛋白表达,此后随着感染时间延长表达量持续增多,虽然在感染后8 h病毒转录量明显减少,但病毒持续表达蛋白的积累效应使DEV US3蛋白在细胞浆中大量存在。亚细胞定位分析显示,DEV US3蛋白在感染后2 h主要定位于核周,随着US3蛋白的不断表达而进入胞浆,到感染后12 h时及以后US3基因表达蛋白大量存在与胞浆,此时细胞出现变形。
4抗鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白抗体介导的酶免疫组化检测DEV的研究和应用建立并优化了以抗DEV US3蛋白IgG介导的酶免疫组化检测方法,并利用该方法检测人工感染鸭DEV CHv株(DEV-CHv)后,在雏鸭心、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肠道、肾脏、胰腺、哈氏腺、法氏囊、脑等不同组织或器官中US3蛋白的表达时相和分布规律,结果显示鸭瘟病毒人工肌肉注射雏鸭,在感染6 h后可以在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胸腺、法氏囊中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;在感染后8 h可以在脑、腺胃、胰腺、哈氏腺、十二指肠、空肠中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;而在感染后12 h在食道、直肠检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原。
5抗鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白抗体介导的免疫荧光检测DEV的研究和应用建立并优化了以抗DEV US3蛋白IgG介导的免疫荧光检测方法,并利用该方法检测20株临床鸭瘟阳性样本,结果检出率为100%。进一步利用该方法研究人工感染鸭DEV CHv株(DEV-CHv)后,在雏鸭心、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肠道、肾脏、胰腺、哈氏腺、法氏囊、脑等不同组织或器官中US3蛋白的表达时相和分布规律,结果显示鸭瘟病毒人工肌肉注射雏鸭,在感染4 h后可以在胸腺、法氏囊中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;在感染6 h后可以在心、肝、脾、肺、脑、胰腺、肾中检测到DEV US3蛋白抗原;在感染后8 h可以在腺胃、哈氏腺、十二指肠、空肠、食道、直肠中检测到DEV US3蛋白抗原。
6鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白作为包备抗原ELISA检测DEV抗体的研究和应用试验利用纯化的原核表达蛋白DEV US3作为包被抗原,建立了间接ELISA检测DEV抗体的方法。通过对包被抗原和待检阳性血清的方阵加样,测定了以不同浓度抗原包被和不同稀释度一抗条件下的检测效果,结果显示最适包被蛋白浓度为2.2μg/mL,最适一抗稀释度为1:320。进一步试验利用该优化的抗原包被浓度和一抗稀释度测定了不同稀释度酶标二抗条件下的检测效果,结果显示1:2000倍稀释的酶标二抗检测具有最大的P/N比,因此确定1:2000倍稀释为最适酶标二抗稀释度。利用该优化条件,试验验证了间接ELISA检测DEV抗体的特异性、敏感性和重复性。结果显示该优化条件下的间接ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性,且敏感性可达1:6400,重复性变异系数均小于5%,也说明该方法具良好的重复性。此外,试验利用建立的该ELISA方法检测了120个鸭瘟临床样品,结果检测率为85%,与实验室建立的全病毒包被抗原间接ELISA检测试剂盒具有相同的检出率,说明试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有很好的检测效果,可以应用于临床上检测抗DEV抗体水平。
7基于鸭瘟病毒US3基因PCR方法的建立和应用根据试验中发现的DEV US3基因序列设计一对特异扩增DEV US3基因序列的引物,并以该引物做PCR扩增检测DEV核酸,以建立PCR检测DEV的方法。结果显示该引物可扩增产生一条148 bp的特异产物,与预期大小一致。进一步对该引物PCR扩增特异性检测发现,只有在以DEV DNA为模板时才能扩增产生该特异条带,而以鸭乙型肝炎病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、小鹅瘟病毒、鸭疫里默氏菌、鸭源沙门氏菌和鸭源大肠杆菌等病原体DNA为模板时,都未扩增产生任何条带,说明试验建立的PCR检测方法具有很好的特异性。灵敏度检测结果显示该PCR检测方法最低可以检测出3 fg DEV DNA。对15份DEV强毒感染鸭病料检测均为阳性,而3份未感染DEV鸭提取核酸为模板检测均为阴性。由此可见试验建立的PCR检测DEV的方法具有特异性好、敏感度高的特点,可以运用于临床检测DEV。
1 Discovery,Clone and Molecular characterization of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 gene Duck enteritis virus(DEV) causes substantial duck farms losses,however,its molecular biology is poorly understood.Here,an open reading frame of an US3-1ike gene of DEV was identified from a DEV genomic library.Its existence was confirmed by cloning from DEV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts(DEFs) and DNA sequencing.In addition,an US3 protein phylogenetic tree was constructed and showed that the evolutionary relationship of DEV is close to the genus Mardivirus.Bioinformatic analyses of the DEV US3-like protein predicted its post-translational modifications,secondary structure and tertiary structure,and suggested that the protein contains a serine-threonine kinase domain.
2 Prokaryotic expression,purification and polyclonal antibody preparation of US3 gene of duck enteristis virus The recombinant plasmid pMD18T-US3 was successfully constructed as the methods in the last chapter.The recombinant plasmid pMD18T-US3 by two restriction endonucleases BamH I and Xho I was subcloned into the polyclonal sites of the plasmid pET-32a(+) digested by the same restriction endonucleases to construct recombinant expression plasmid vector pET32a-US3.After the plasmid pET32a-US3 was conformed into the host E.coli of BL21(DE3),the bacteria was induced by IPTG(β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside) to express a recombinant protein with approximately 63kD of molecular weight.Further by optimizing the expression system,an optimal condition was verified as the recombinant expression induced by 0.6 mmol/L IPTG for 4 h at 30℃.The expressed protein was subject to purifying through Ni-column affinity chromatography.The purified recombinant protein was emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's adjuvant to vaccine rabbit for preparing anti-US3 sera.The anti-US3 IgG was purified from the sera by ion exchange chromatography combined with caprylic acid and equilibrium ammonium sulfate method.
3 The transcript phase,translation phase and subcellular localization of the duck enteritis virus US3 gene The transcript phase of DEV US3 gene was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the gene began to transcript at 1 h post infection and was up to the peak at 8 h post infection while the levels of transcript were obvious to fall after 12 h post infection.In contrast,the transcript of US3 gene fluctuated at a lower level at 24 h,48 h and 60 h post infection than at 8 h post infection.In addition,the expression phase of DEV US3 gene was detected by use of indirect immunofluorescent assay.The results showed that no expression of the gene at 1 h post infection was detected and up to 2 h post infection,a weak immunofluorescence was able to detect.The expression of the US3 gene was more and more accompanied by the increasing infection period and the expression product of US3 gene was full of the cytoplasm and perinuclear area at 12 h post infection and 24 h post infection.In the subcellular localization assay,the results showed that the US3 protein was mainly localizated around the nulear area at 2 h post infection,4 h post infection and 8 h post infection.At 12 h and 24 h post infection,the protein was mainly localized at cytoplasm.
4 Development and Application of an Indirect Immunohistochemistry Staining Method Based on the Antibody against Recombinant Prokaryotic Expression protein of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 Gene A indirect immunohistochemistry staining method based on the antibodies against DEV US3 protein was successfully constructed to dectect the DEV US3 protein.The method was verified to be specific to the DEV US3 protein through detecting the tissues infected by different viruses which include DEV,DHV, Riemerella anatipestifer and DHBV.In the further inspection on the clinical specimens infected by DEV by this method,all the 20 specmens were identified to be positive.The rate of detection is 100%.In addition,the ducklings were challenged by DEV strain CHv and the different tissue specimens,which included heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney, thymus gland,bursa,brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,dodecadactylon,jejunum, harderian glands,esophagus and rectum,were collected respectively at 2h,4h,6h,8h, 12h,24h,2d,3d,5d,7d after infection.Expressions of DEV US3 protein at the different tissues were dectected by use of the indirect immunohistochemistry staining method to study the dynamic distribution of US3 protein in the tissues.The result showed that the DEV US3 protein was dectected in heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,thymus gland, bursa at 6 h post infection,in brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,harderian glands, dodecadactylon and jejunum at 8 h post infection and in esophagus and rectum at 12 h post infection.
5 Development and Application of an Indirect Immuno-Fluorescent Staining Method based on the Antibody against Recombinant Prokaryotic Expression protein of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 Gene A indirect immuno-fluorescent staining method based on the antibodies against DEV US3 protein was successfully constructed to dectect the DEV US3 protein.The method was verified to be specific to detect the DEV US3 protein through detecting the tissues infected by different viruses which include DEV,DHV, Riemerella anatipestifer and DHBV.In the further detection on the clinical specimens infected by DEV by this method,all the 20 specmens were identified to be positive.The rate of diagnosis is 100%.In addition,the ducklings were challenged by DEV strain CHv and the different tissue specimens,which included heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney, thymus gland,bursa,brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,dodecadactylon,jejunum, harderian glands,esophagus and rectum,were collected respectively at 2h,4h,6h,8h, 12h,24h,2d,3d,5d,7d after infection.Expressions of DEV US3 protein at the different tissues were dectected by use of the indirect immunohistochemistry staining method to study the dynamic distribution of US3 protein in the tissues.The result showed that the DEV US3 protein was dectected in thymus gland,bursa at 4h post infection,in heart,liver,spleen,lung,brain,pancreas,kidney at 6h post infection,in glandular stomach, harderian glands,esophagus,rectum dodecadactylon and jejunum at 8h post infection.
6 Research on Detection of the Antibody against Duck Enteritis Virus by indirect ELISA Using Prokaryotic Expression Protein of DEV US3 as Coating Antigen Based on the Prokaryotic Expression Protein of DEV US3 gene as coating antigen,an indirect ELISA was developed for detection on the antibodies against DEV.In the research,the optimum conditions for ELISA were determined.The results showed that the optimal concentration of the coating antigen was 2.2μg/mL and the optimal dilution of the examined serum is 1:320.In addition,under the optimal condition of concentration of the coating antigen and dilution of the examined serum,the optimal dilution of the enzyme linked antibody was determined as 1:2000.The method was verified to be specific to DEV by detecting the serums aganst different viruses such as DEV,duck hepatitis virus B (DHBV) and duck riemirella anatipestifer(RA) etc.The sensitivity of the method was up to 1:6400.In the repeat experiments,the variation coefficients in intra-assay and inter-assay were less than 5%.In further,120 clinical specimens from the infected ducklings were detected by this indirect ELISA method and the positive rate is 85%which is consistent with the result by use of the indirect ELISA method based on DEV as coating antigen.
7 Development and Application of PCR based on DEV US3 gene for the Detection of Duck plague virus Based on the DEV US3 gene which was first found in this paper,a pair of primers was designed to dectect the DEV by use of PCR.The results showed that a anticipated product with 148 bp was amplified.In further,the PCR method was verified to be specific to amply DEV DNA but not to amplify the DNAs from duck hepatitis virus,duck hepatitis virus B,GPV,R.A,E.coli and S.anatum.The sensitivity of the PCR method is 3 fg.In addition,by use of the PCR method 15 different tissues from ducks infected by DEV and 3 different tissues from ducks uninfected by DEV were detected and the results showed that all the tissues from the ducks infected by DEV were amplified to produce a 148 bp product but there were nothing to amplify in all the tissues from the ducks uninfected by DEV.In conclusion,this PCR method was sensitive and specific to DEV DNA and was able to be used in clinical detection.
2鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核载体构建、表达、产物纯化及其抗体制备根据我们获得的鸭瘟病毒US3基因序列,设计一对特异扩增DEV US3基因完整开放阅读框的PCR引物,并将扩增序列克隆到pMD18-T载体,构建重组载体pMD18T-US3,通过对该重组质粒做PCR、酶切及测序鉴定后,将目的片段亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+),成功构建了重组表达载体pET-32a-US3。进一步将该重组质粒转化入表达宿主菌BL21(DE3),诱导表达出一条分子量约63kD的融合蛋白,与预期大小一致。重组蛋白表达可溶性研究显示该蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在于宿主菌。对表达条件优化结果显示,该重组质粒的原核表达最佳IPTG诱导浓度为0.6 mmol/L、最佳诱导表达温度为30℃、最佳诱导时间为4 h。根据优化表达条件,诱导表达的重组蛋白经过包涵体洗涤粗提后溶于8 mol/L的尿素中,溶解的表达产物再经镍离子亲和层析纯化,获得了高纯度的表达蛋白。用此纯化表达产物制备弗氏佐剂疫苗接种家兔制备抗DEVUS3蛋白高免血清,并经过进一步的纯化过程成功获得了抗DEV US3蛋白的抗体IgG,为相关DEV US3蛋白的研究提供了必要的条件。
3鸭瘟病毒US3基因在宿主细胞内的转录时相、表达时相和US3蛋白亚细胞定位试验利用荧光定量方法对DEV感染不同时间US3基因的转录时相进行分析,结果显示DEV US3基因在感染后1 h开始启动转录,在感染后8 h达到最高峰,而在感染后12 h以后转录水平明显下降并维持在一定水平。试验同时也以间接免疫荧光技术对DEV感染细胞后US3蛋白表达时相进行了分析,结果显示在病毒感染后2 h可以在感染细胞中检测到DEV US3蛋白表达,此后随着感染时间延长表达量持续增多,虽然在感染后8 h病毒转录量明显减少,但病毒持续表达蛋白的积累效应使DEV US3蛋白在细胞浆中大量存在。亚细胞定位分析显示,DEV US3蛋白在感染后2 h主要定位于核周,随着US3蛋白的不断表达而进入胞浆,到感染后12 h时及以后US3基因表达蛋白大量存在与胞浆,此时细胞出现变形。
4抗鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白抗体介导的酶免疫组化检测DEV的研究和应用建立并优化了以抗DEV US3蛋白IgG介导的酶免疫组化检测方法,并利用该方法检测人工感染鸭DEV CHv株(DEV-CHv)后,在雏鸭心、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肠道、肾脏、胰腺、哈氏腺、法氏囊、脑等不同组织或器官中US3蛋白的表达时相和分布规律,结果显示鸭瘟病毒人工肌肉注射雏鸭,在感染6 h后可以在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胸腺、法氏囊中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;在感染后8 h可以在脑、腺胃、胰腺、哈氏腺、十二指肠、空肠中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;而在感染后12 h在食道、直肠检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原。
5抗鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白抗体介导的免疫荧光检测DEV的研究和应用建立并优化了以抗DEV US3蛋白IgG介导的免疫荧光检测方法,并利用该方法检测20株临床鸭瘟阳性样本,结果检出率为100%。进一步利用该方法研究人工感染鸭DEV CHv株(DEV-CHv)后,在雏鸭心、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肠道、肾脏、胰腺、哈氏腺、法氏囊、脑等不同组织或器官中US3蛋白的表达时相和分布规律,结果显示鸭瘟病毒人工肌肉注射雏鸭,在感染4 h后可以在胸腺、法氏囊中检测到DEV-US3蛋白抗原;在感染6 h后可以在心、肝、脾、肺、脑、胰腺、肾中检测到DEV US3蛋白抗原;在感染后8 h可以在腺胃、哈氏腺、十二指肠、空肠、食道、直肠中检测到DEV US3蛋白抗原。
6鸭瘟病毒US3基因原核表达蛋白作为包备抗原ELISA检测DEV抗体的研究和应用试验利用纯化的原核表达蛋白DEV US3作为包被抗原,建立了间接ELISA检测DEV抗体的方法。通过对包被抗原和待检阳性血清的方阵加样,测定了以不同浓度抗原包被和不同稀释度一抗条件下的检测效果,结果显示最适包被蛋白浓度为2.2μg/mL,最适一抗稀释度为1:320。进一步试验利用该优化的抗原包被浓度和一抗稀释度测定了不同稀释度酶标二抗条件下的检测效果,结果显示1:2000倍稀释的酶标二抗检测具有最大的P/N比,因此确定1:2000倍稀释为最适酶标二抗稀释度。利用该优化条件,试验验证了间接ELISA检测DEV抗体的特异性、敏感性和重复性。结果显示该优化条件下的间接ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性,且敏感性可达1:6400,重复性变异系数均小于5%,也说明该方法具良好的重复性。此外,试验利用建立的该ELISA方法检测了120个鸭瘟临床样品,结果检测率为85%,与实验室建立的全病毒包被抗原间接ELISA检测试剂盒具有相同的检出率,说明试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有很好的检测效果,可以应用于临床上检测抗DEV抗体水平。
7基于鸭瘟病毒US3基因PCR方法的建立和应用根据试验中发现的DEV US3基因序列设计一对特异扩增DEV US3基因序列的引物,并以该引物做PCR扩增检测DEV核酸,以建立PCR检测DEV的方法。结果显示该引物可扩增产生一条148 bp的特异产物,与预期大小一致。进一步对该引物PCR扩增特异性检测发现,只有在以DEV DNA为模板时才能扩增产生该特异条带,而以鸭乙型肝炎病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、小鹅瘟病毒、鸭疫里默氏菌、鸭源沙门氏菌和鸭源大肠杆菌等病原体DNA为模板时,都未扩增产生任何条带,说明试验建立的PCR检测方法具有很好的特异性。灵敏度检测结果显示该PCR检测方法最低可以检测出3 fg DEV DNA。对15份DEV强毒感染鸭病料检测均为阳性,而3份未感染DEV鸭提取核酸为模板检测均为阴性。由此可见试验建立的PCR检测DEV的方法具有特异性好、敏感度高的特点,可以运用于临床检测DEV。
1 Discovery,Clone and Molecular characterization of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 gene Duck enteritis virus(DEV) causes substantial duck farms losses,however,its molecular biology is poorly understood.Here,an open reading frame of an US3-1ike gene of DEV was identified from a DEV genomic library.Its existence was confirmed by cloning from DEV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts(DEFs) and DNA sequencing.In addition,an US3 protein phylogenetic tree was constructed and showed that the evolutionary relationship of DEV is close to the genus Mardivirus.Bioinformatic analyses of the DEV US3-like protein predicted its post-translational modifications,secondary structure and tertiary structure,and suggested that the protein contains a serine-threonine kinase domain.
2 Prokaryotic expression,purification and polyclonal antibody preparation of US3 gene of duck enteristis virus The recombinant plasmid pMD18T-US3 was successfully constructed as the methods in the last chapter.The recombinant plasmid pMD18T-US3 by two restriction endonucleases BamH I and Xho I was subcloned into the polyclonal sites of the plasmid pET-32a(+) digested by the same restriction endonucleases to construct recombinant expression plasmid vector pET32a-US3.After the plasmid pET32a-US3 was conformed into the host E.coli of BL21(DE3),the bacteria was induced by IPTG(β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside) to express a recombinant protein with approximately 63kD of molecular weight.Further by optimizing the expression system,an optimal condition was verified as the recombinant expression induced by 0.6 mmol/L IPTG for 4 h at 30℃.The expressed protein was subject to purifying through Ni-column affinity chromatography.The purified recombinant protein was emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's adjuvant to vaccine rabbit for preparing anti-US3 sera.The anti-US3 IgG was purified from the sera by ion exchange chromatography combined with caprylic acid and equilibrium ammonium sulfate method.
3 The transcript phase,translation phase and subcellular localization of the duck enteritis virus US3 gene The transcript phase of DEV US3 gene was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the gene began to transcript at 1 h post infection and was up to the peak at 8 h post infection while the levels of transcript were obvious to fall after 12 h post infection.In contrast,the transcript of US3 gene fluctuated at a lower level at 24 h,48 h and 60 h post infection than at 8 h post infection.In addition,the expression phase of DEV US3 gene was detected by use of indirect immunofluorescent assay.The results showed that no expression of the gene at 1 h post infection was detected and up to 2 h post infection,a weak immunofluorescence was able to detect.The expression of the US3 gene was more and more accompanied by the increasing infection period and the expression product of US3 gene was full of the cytoplasm and perinuclear area at 12 h post infection and 24 h post infection.In the subcellular localization assay,the results showed that the US3 protein was mainly localizated around the nulear area at 2 h post infection,4 h post infection and 8 h post infection.At 12 h and 24 h post infection,the protein was mainly localized at cytoplasm.
4 Development and Application of an Indirect Immunohistochemistry Staining Method Based on the Antibody against Recombinant Prokaryotic Expression protein of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 Gene A indirect immunohistochemistry staining method based on the antibodies against DEV US3 protein was successfully constructed to dectect the DEV US3 protein.The method was verified to be specific to the DEV US3 protein through detecting the tissues infected by different viruses which include DEV,DHV, Riemerella anatipestifer and DHBV.In the further inspection on the clinical specimens infected by DEV by this method,all the 20 specmens were identified to be positive.The rate of detection is 100%.In addition,the ducklings were challenged by DEV strain CHv and the different tissue specimens,which included heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney, thymus gland,bursa,brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,dodecadactylon,jejunum, harderian glands,esophagus and rectum,were collected respectively at 2h,4h,6h,8h, 12h,24h,2d,3d,5d,7d after infection.Expressions of DEV US3 protein at the different tissues were dectected by use of the indirect immunohistochemistry staining method to study the dynamic distribution of US3 protein in the tissues.The result showed that the DEV US3 protein was dectected in heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,thymus gland, bursa at 6 h post infection,in brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,harderian glands, dodecadactylon and jejunum at 8 h post infection and in esophagus and rectum at 12 h post infection.
5 Development and Application of an Indirect Immuno-Fluorescent Staining Method based on the Antibody against Recombinant Prokaryotic Expression protein of Duck Enteritis Virus US3 Gene A indirect immuno-fluorescent staining method based on the antibodies against DEV US3 protein was successfully constructed to dectect the DEV US3 protein.The method was verified to be specific to detect the DEV US3 protein through detecting the tissues infected by different viruses which include DEV,DHV, Riemerella anatipestifer and DHBV.In the further detection on the clinical specimens infected by DEV by this method,all the 20 specmens were identified to be positive.The rate of diagnosis is 100%.In addition,the ducklings were challenged by DEV strain CHv and the different tissue specimens,which included heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney, thymus gland,bursa,brain,glandular stomach,pancreas,dodecadactylon,jejunum, harderian glands,esophagus and rectum,were collected respectively at 2h,4h,6h,8h, 12h,24h,2d,3d,5d,7d after infection.Expressions of DEV US3 protein at the different tissues were dectected by use of the indirect immunohistochemistry staining method to study the dynamic distribution of US3 protein in the tissues.The result showed that the DEV US3 protein was dectected in thymus gland,bursa at 4h post infection,in heart,liver,spleen,lung,brain,pancreas,kidney at 6h post infection,in glandular stomach, harderian glands,esophagus,rectum dodecadactylon and jejunum at 8h post infection.
6 Research on Detection of the Antibody against Duck Enteritis Virus by indirect ELISA Using Prokaryotic Expression Protein of DEV US3 as Coating Antigen Based on the Prokaryotic Expression Protein of DEV US3 gene as coating antigen,an indirect ELISA was developed for detection on the antibodies against DEV.In the research,the optimum conditions for ELISA were determined.The results showed that the optimal concentration of the coating antigen was 2.2μg/mL and the optimal dilution of the examined serum is 1:320.In addition,under the optimal condition of concentration of the coating antigen and dilution of the examined serum,the optimal dilution of the enzyme linked antibody was determined as 1:2000.The method was verified to be specific to DEV by detecting the serums aganst different viruses such as DEV,duck hepatitis virus B (DHBV) and duck riemirella anatipestifer(RA) etc.The sensitivity of the method was up to 1:6400.In the repeat experiments,the variation coefficients in intra-assay and inter-assay were less than 5%.In further,120 clinical specimens from the infected ducklings were detected by this indirect ELISA method and the positive rate is 85%which is consistent with the result by use of the indirect ELISA method based on DEV as coating antigen.
7 Development and Application of PCR based on DEV US3 gene for the Detection of Duck plague virus Based on the DEV US3 gene which was first found in this paper,a pair of primers was designed to dectect the DEV by use of PCR.The results showed that a anticipated product with 148 bp was amplified.In further,the PCR method was verified to be specific to amply DEV DNA but not to amplify the DNAs from duck hepatitis virus,duck hepatitis virus B,GPV,R.A,E.coli and S.anatum.The sensitivity of the PCR method is 3 fg.In addition,by use of the PCR method 15 different tissues from ducks infected by DEV and 3 different tissues from ducks uninfected by DEV were detected and the results showed that all the tissues from the ducks infected by DEV were amplified to produce a 148 bp product but there were nothing to amplify in all the tissues from the ducks uninfected by DEV.In conclusion,this PCR method was sensitive and specific to DEV DNA and was able to be used in clinical detection.
引文
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