基于商圈发展动力机制的商业地产选址模式研究
|
摘要
1、基于商圈动力系数构建了商圈选择的计算方法。本文认为商圈的未来发展潜力主要取决于该商圈背后的动力机制。在借鉴区域发展“五力”理论的基础上,本文提出了商圈发展的“六力”理论,即经济力、政策力、环境力、历史人文力、消费力、集聚力。以北京的西单商圈为例,本文具体分析了“六力”中各力的组成要素,对“六力”进行了量化研究,提出了标志商圈投资价值大小的系数,即“商圈动力系数”,并构建了商圈选择的计算方法。
2、基于价值线理论构建了地段选择的计算方法。根据地价差别理论,本文提出了地段的“三级价值线”的概念,总结出了地段选址的“成功三要素”,即所选地段要靠近商圈中心、处在商圈的发展方向上、与商圈内的竞争对手进行商业错位。为了对任意地段进行投资价值比较,本文构建了地段选择的计算公式,认为地段的投资价值是由商圈动力系数和公交交通时间来共同决定。
3、基于“6S”层次分析法和目标规划法提出了地点确定的计算方法。本文提出了地点选址的“6S”价值要素,即一是商业地产硬件的本身(Self),二是商业地产的稀缺性(Singleness),三是周边消费的环境(Surrounding),四是政策的支持(Support),五是时机和开发商的选择(Selection),六是有效运营的解决方案(Solution)。本文制定了利润、交通、竞争三方面的目标约束条件。在此基础上,本文构建了由层次分析法和目标规划法组成的集成模型来进行地点的确定。
4、以北京市典型商圈为对象进行了实证研究。本文选取北京不同商圈、不同地段内的不同地点为实证研究对象,利用商圈动力系数公式计算出了对不同商圈的选址排序,利用地段选址公式计算出了对不同地段的选址排序,利用基于“6S”层次分析法和目标规划法的集成模型计算出了对不同地点的选址排序。实证研究表明,利用本文所提出的系列方法可以使商业地产选址的排序结果共得到了四次累积式的优化。
总之,本文所提出的商圈选择、地段选择和地点确定的系列方法,可以定性定量地完成从宏观选址到微观选址的实际操作,有利于减少商业地产的选址风险,提高商业地产的成功概率。
There are three keys to the success of the commercial real estate. The first is site selection, the second is site selection, and the third is site seletion. For sitting selection in the right way, the article makes out the following route: firstly, you should study the commercial circles; then you should study the places of a commercial circle; finally you should study the spot of a place.
Through study of the commercial circle, this article points out that the future development of the commercial circle depends mainly on the motive mechanism behind it. With the reference of the "Five-force Model" of regional development, this article introduces a "Six-force Model" for commercial circle development: Economy Force, Policy Force, Environment Force, History and Humanities Force, Consumption Force, Accumulation Force, which is abbreviated as "Six Forces" of the motive mechanism for the commercial circle formation. Taking Beijing Xidan Commercial Circle as an example, the author specifically analyses the elements of the "six forces".
In order to explain the 'six forces' in depth, the author carries out quantitative research on the 'six-force model' and advances a commercial real estate site selection formula based on the motive mechanism of the commercial circle, that is: the attraction of the commercial real estate site selection is decided jointly by commercial circle motive coefficient and the road transit time between main commercial network within each district. With calculated values of the above-mentioned three deciding factors, the attraction of the commercial real estate, that is the coming probability of residents from each commercial circle, can be computed accordingly.
Based on the three major commercial circles Xidan, Zhongguancun and CBD in Beijing, the author carries out concrete example analysis, makes quantitative calculation regarding the attraction coefficient of these three commercial circles, and finally gets the attractive value of them. The result deducted from the new formula is widely distant from the result deducted from the traditional one. The author explains the reason that brings about such differences, and through statistical data, proves that the result calculated by the new formula tends to be more scientific and rational. The new formula has also corrected the calculation error of the old one.
In the end, the author sums up the six value factors for site selection, and puts forward the new method and formula to selecte the site based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Goal Programming. After resolving the issue regarding commercial real estate site selection, the article carries out qualitative analysis in accordance with how to conducting the site selection within an established commercial circle and puts forwards the author's conclusion.
In short, this paper gives quantitative analysis on how to conducting the commercial circle selection. After defining the commercial circle, the paper carries out qualitative analysis on how to select locality, from macro-site selection to micro-operation, which having strong practical guiding significance for the actual site selection of China's commercial real estate.
2、基于价值线理论构建了地段选择的计算方法。根据地价差别理论,本文提出了地段的“三级价值线”的概念,总结出了地段选址的“成功三要素”,即所选地段要靠近商圈中心、处在商圈的发展方向上、与商圈内的竞争对手进行商业错位。为了对任意地段进行投资价值比较,本文构建了地段选择的计算公式,认为地段的投资价值是由商圈动力系数和公交交通时间来共同决定。
3、基于“6S”层次分析法和目标规划法提出了地点确定的计算方法。本文提出了地点选址的“6S”价值要素,即一是商业地产硬件的本身(Self),二是商业地产的稀缺性(Singleness),三是周边消费的环境(Surrounding),四是政策的支持(Support),五是时机和开发商的选择(Selection),六是有效运营的解决方案(Solution)。本文制定了利润、交通、竞争三方面的目标约束条件。在此基础上,本文构建了由层次分析法和目标规划法组成的集成模型来进行地点的确定。
4、以北京市典型商圈为对象进行了实证研究。本文选取北京不同商圈、不同地段内的不同地点为实证研究对象,利用商圈动力系数公式计算出了对不同商圈的选址排序,利用地段选址公式计算出了对不同地段的选址排序,利用基于“6S”层次分析法和目标规划法的集成模型计算出了对不同地点的选址排序。实证研究表明,利用本文所提出的系列方法可以使商业地产选址的排序结果共得到了四次累积式的优化。
总之,本文所提出的商圈选择、地段选择和地点确定的系列方法,可以定性定量地完成从宏观选址到微观选址的实际操作,有利于减少商业地产的选址风险,提高商业地产的成功概率。
There are three keys to the success of the commercial real estate. The first is site selection, the second is site selection, and the third is site seletion. For sitting selection in the right way, the article makes out the following route: firstly, you should study the commercial circles; then you should study the places of a commercial circle; finally you should study the spot of a place.
Through study of the commercial circle, this article points out that the future development of the commercial circle depends mainly on the motive mechanism behind it. With the reference of the "Five-force Model" of regional development, this article introduces a "Six-force Model" for commercial circle development: Economy Force, Policy Force, Environment Force, History and Humanities Force, Consumption Force, Accumulation Force, which is abbreviated as "Six Forces" of the motive mechanism for the commercial circle formation. Taking Beijing Xidan Commercial Circle as an example, the author specifically analyses the elements of the "six forces".
In order to explain the 'six forces' in depth, the author carries out quantitative research on the 'six-force model' and advances a commercial real estate site selection formula based on the motive mechanism of the commercial circle, that is: the attraction of the commercial real estate site selection is decided jointly by commercial circle motive coefficient and the road transit time between main commercial network within each district. With calculated values of the above-mentioned three deciding factors, the attraction of the commercial real estate, that is the coming probability of residents from each commercial circle, can be computed accordingly.
Based on the three major commercial circles Xidan, Zhongguancun and CBD in Beijing, the author carries out concrete example analysis, makes quantitative calculation regarding the attraction coefficient of these three commercial circles, and finally gets the attractive value of them. The result deducted from the new formula is widely distant from the result deducted from the traditional one. The author explains the reason that brings about such differences, and through statistical data, proves that the result calculated by the new formula tends to be more scientific and rational. The new formula has also corrected the calculation error of the old one.
In the end, the author sums up the six value factors for site selection, and puts forward the new method and formula to selecte the site based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Goal Programming. After resolving the issue regarding commercial real estate site selection, the article carries out qualitative analysis in accordance with how to conducting the site selection within an established commercial circle and puts forwards the author's conclusion.
In short, this paper gives quantitative analysis on how to conducting the commercial circle selection. After defining the commercial circle, the paper carries out qualitative analysis on how to select locality, from macro-site selection to micro-operation, which having strong practical guiding significance for the actual site selection of China's commercial real estate.
引文
[1]鲁楠,关于我国连锁经营问题的思考[J],特区经济,2008,(7),132-135
[2]余远坤,我国连锁经营业研究[J],中国市场,2008,(7),14-17
[3]Thomas O Graff,The locations of Wal-Mart and Kmart supercenters contrasting corportate strategies[J],Professional Geographer,1998,50(1),46-57
[4]蔡文韬,变局中的商业地产模式[J],上海商业,2008,(10),21-23
[5]吕波,找旺铺:商业地产定位和实操[M],机械工业出版社,2007
[6]陆鸿敏,我国商业地产运营模式研究[J],中国高新技术企业,2008,(14),19-21
[7]Louise Crewe,Geographies of retailing and consumption[J],Progress in Human Geography,2000,24(2),275-290
[8]王飞,高本河,沃尔玛的选址之痛[J],物流时代,2005,14,30-32
[9]吕波,资本的雪球[M],机械工业出版社,2009
[10]潇琦,外资零售巨头是如何选址的[J],北京房地产,2004,(7),92-94
[11]Ghosh A and Mclafferty S L,Location strategies for retail and service firms,D.C.Heath,Lexington,MA,1987
[12]赵琪,连锁超市选址策略探析[J],山东商业职业技术学院学报,2006,6(4),21-23
[13]David L.Huff,A probability analysis of shopping center trade areas[J],Land Eeonomies,1963,2,81-90
[14]David L.Huff,Defining and estimating a trade area[J],Journal of Marketing,1964,(7),34-38
[15]Takayama T and Labys W C.,Spatial equilibrium analysis,In:Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics I(Nijkamp P ed.),Elsevier,Amsterdam,1986
[16]Takayama T and Judge G.Spatial and temporal price and allocation models,North-Holland,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,1971
[17]Samuelson P A,Spatial price equilibrium and linear programming,American Economic Review,1952,42,283-303
[18]Nagurney A.The application of variational inequality theory to the study of spatial equilibrium and disequilibrium.In Readings in Econometric Theory and Practice:A Volume in Honor of George Judge,North-Holland,Amsterdam,Netherlands,1992,327-355
[19]Kim T J and Suh S.Advanced transport and spatial systems models.Springer-Verlag,New York,1990
[20]Berman O and Krass D.Flow intercepting spatial interaction model:a new approach to optimal location of competitive facilities.Location Science,1998,6,41-56
[21]W.J.Reilly,Methods of the study of retail relationgships[J],University of Texas Bulletin,1929,11,2944
[22]L.W Ellwood,Estimating potential volume of proposed shopping centers[J],The Appraisal Journal,1954,(10),58
[23]李艳敏,叶佰英,运用雷利法则确定区域平均零售吸引力[J],商场现代化,2008,533(3),177-178
[24]Louis P.Bueklin,Trade area boundaries:Some issues in theory and methodology[J],Journal of Marketing Researeh,1971,(2),30-37
[25]陆满平,国外测定商圈的理论法则[J],商场现代化,1998,(5),11-12
[26]王希来,国际大都市商业布局现状与发展趋势[J],北京市财贸管理干部学院学报,1999,(2),27-30
[27]候丽敏,郭毅,商圈理论与零售经营管理[J],中国流通经济,2000,(3),25-28
[28]郭险峰,以理论为支撑寻求商业地产新发展[J],商场现代化,2005,453(12),93
[29]Aikens CH,Facility location models for distribution planning[J],European journal of operational research,1985,22(3),263-279
[30]Cree N D and Maher M J.The continuous equilibrium optimal network design problem:a genetic approach.In:Transportation Networks:Recent Methodological Advances,Elsevier,Netherlands,1998,163-174
[31]Campbell J F.Integer programming formulations of discrete hub location problems.European Journal of Operational Research,1994,72,387-405
[32]Sherali H D,Adams W P.,A decomposition algorithm for a discrete location-allocation problem,Operations Research,1984,32,878-900
[33]Holmberg K.Exact solution methods for uncapacitated location problem with convex transportation costs.European Journal of Operational Research,1999,114,127-140.
[34]Hokey M,John C and David S.The multiple depot vehicle routing problem with backhauling,Journal of Business Logistics,1992,13(1),259-288.
[35]Moore J T,Bard J F,The mixed integer linearbilevel programming problem,Operations Research,1990,38(5),911-921
[36]Floudas C.Nonlinear and mixed-integer optimization fundamentals and applications.Oxford University Press,New York,USA,1995
[37]Edmunds T A and Bard J F.An algorithm for the mixed-integer nonlinear bilevel programming problem.Annals of Operations Research,1992,34,149-162
[38]Armour G C and Buffa E S.A heuristic algorithm and simulation approach to relative location of facility.Management Science,1963,294-309
[39]Ronald H B.Potential error in the center of gravity approach to facility location.Transportation Journal,1973,(12),44-49
[40]Ashtakala B and Murthy A S N.Optimized gravity models for commodity transportation.Journal of Transportation Engineering,ASCE,1988,114(4),393-408
[41]Francis R L and White J A.Facility layout and location:an analytical approach.Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,1974
[42]Kasilingam R G.Logistics and transportation:design and planning.Kluwer Academic Publisher,Boston,1998
[43]Raja G.Kasilingam,Logistics and Transportation[M],Springer,1998,47-57
[44]Achabal,Dale D.,Gorr,Wilpen L.and Mahajan,Vijay,A multiple store location decision model,Journal of Retailing,1982,58,5-25
[45]P.Mirchandani and R.Francis,discrete location theory[M],wiley,new york,1990
[46]Taniguchi E.,optimal size and location planning of public logistics terminals[J],transportation research,1999,35,207-222
[47]Ghosh,Avijit and Craig,Samuel,Formulating retail location strategy in a changing environment,Journal of Marketing,1983,47,56-68
[48]张岩岩,商圈量化分析在零售连锁业选址中的应用[J],价值工程,2006,(2),99-101
[49]唐红涛,城市商圈空间聚集的经济学分析[J],兰州商学院学报,2008,24(4),36-41
[50]武永亮.我国商业集群的模式及其发展趋势[J],生产力研究,2004,(1),146-148
[51]邱小平,广州商业集群效应分析[J],商业经济文萃,2004,(2),9-11
[52]唐建民,基于价值观的商业集群竞争力[J],西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2005,(8),106-111
[53]魏剑峰,商业集群的集聚效应--基于消息学视角的分析[J],当代经济科学,2006,(6),93-96
[54]彭继增,基于产业集群理论的商业集群分析:一个关于商业企业选址模型的构造[J],金融与经济,2006,(11),53-55
[55]张水英,试论中小企业集群的商业信用优势[J],当代经济,2006,(12),91-92
[56]王艳红,方淑芬,商业企业集聚体声誉对消费者购买行为影响的研究[J],管理世界,2007,(7),162-163
[57]徐琴,从世界都市圈的发展经验谈中国的都市圈建设,南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(3),56-59
[58]Lopez E.,Bocco G.,Mendozs M.,Dahau,Predicting land-cover and land-use change in the urban fringe,a case in Morelia city[J],Mexico,Urban plann,2001,271-285
[59]W.J.Relly,The law of retail gravitation[M],New York,Knickerbocker Press,1929
[60]D.L.Huf,Defending and estimating a trading area[J],Journal of Marketing,1964,vol.28,34-38
[61]Nakanishi,M.Cooper,Parameter estimation for a muhiplicative competitive interaction model--least square approach,Journal of Marketing[J],1974,vol.11,303-311
[62]D.Gautschi,Specification of patronage models for retail centerchoice[J],Journal of marketing research,1981,18,162-174
[63]Craig C.S.,Ghosh A.,McLaferty S.,Models of the retail location process:A Review,Journal of Retailing[J],1984,vol.60,5-36
[64]J.Louvie Hierarchical,Information integration:A new method for the design and analysis of complex multiattribute judgements problems advances in consumer research[J],Association for Consumer research,1984,vol.11,148-155
[65]Black W.C.,Osthind L.E.,Westbrok R.A.,Spatial demand models in an intrabrand context,Journal of Marketing[J],1985,vol.49,106-113
[66]C.C.Yrigoyen,J.V.Otero,Spatial interaction models applied to the design of retail trade areas,1998 European Regional Science Association conference papers
[67]L.P.Simkin,Evaluating a store location,International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management[J],1990,18,33-38
[68]Bum D.J.,Image transference and retail site selection,International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management[J],1992,vol.20(5),38-46
[69]Clarkon R.M.,Clarke-Hill C.M.and Robinson J.UK,Supermarket location assessment,International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management[J],1996,vol.24(6),22-33
[70]V.Kumar,Kiran Karande,The efect of retail store environment on retailer performance,Journal of Business Research[J],2000,49,167-181
[71]曹振良等,房地产经济学通论[M],北京大学出版社,2003
[72]吴德云,“地产大鳄十商业巨头”商业地产新模式初探[J],河南商业高等专科学校学报,2004,(1),10-13
[73]中国房地产估价师协会,房地产估价案例与分析[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2004
[74]谷口凡邦,藤江澄大[日],商业设施[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[75]广川启智[日],日本建筑及空间设计精粹[M],中国轻工业出版社,2002
[76]Goodchild,Michael F,A Location model for retail site selection,Journal of Retailing,1984,60,84-100
[77]Simnons J.,The changing of pattern of retail locations[D],Research Paper,No.92,University of Chicago,Department of GeogroPhy,1964
[78]Ken Jones,Jim Sinnnons,Loeation,loeation,loeation:anlyzing the retail enviroment[M],International Thomson Publishing,Nelson Canada,1993
[79]Louise Crewe,Geographies of retailing and consumption,Progress in Human Geography[J],2000,24(2),275-290
[80]王志纲工作室,城市化浪潮下的商业地产[J],商业时代,2004,(14),34-37
[81]程双吉,商业地产多空之辩[J],商业时代,2004,(35),13-14
[82]黄恺,积极开展商业房地产项目后评价[J],城市开发,2004,(16),76-79
[83]John O.McClain,Operations management:production of goods and services(third edition)[M],中国人民大学出版社,2001
[84]Rehm,Michael James,Location,location,location:The relationship between multifamily real estate performance and location within three polycentric urban areas (Texas),DAI-A 63/04,p.1589,Oct 2002
[85]Ownbey,Kenton L,Analysis of the retail location decision processes of commercial investors,lenders,brokers,and appraisers:Applications to the performance of neighborhood shopping centers,DAI-A 53/01,p.206,Jul 1992
[86]YIN Ying,A New Type of Location Problem,Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Science and Technology),Vol.33,No13,Jun.2008:116-118
[87]Ron Hasty,James Bearoon,Retail Management[M],MCGraw Hill Comp Inc,1998[88]Lilian,S.C.Pun-Chenga,Alice,GIS in business-routing analysis of plaza shoppers,Map Asia Conference 2004
[89]周安伟,市场经济体制下城市商业设施规划的理性思维[J],城市规划汇刊,1994,(4),54-58
[90]吴次芳,许红卫,唐根年,城市零售商业用地区位评价方法及其应用[J],城市规划汇刊,1995,(1),51-54
[91]许学强,周素红,林耿,广州市大型零售商店布局分析[J],城市规划,2002,26(7),23-28
[92]阎小培,广州CBD的功能特征与空间结构[J],地理学报,2000,55(4),475-486
[93]阎小培、马跃东、崔晓,广州CDB的交通特征与交通组织研究[J],城市规划,2002,26(3),78-82
[94]孙鹏、王兴中,西方国家社区环境中零售业区位论的一些规律(一)[J],人文地理,2002,17(2),63-66
[95]孙鹏、王兴中,西方国家社区环境中零售业区位论的一些规律(二)[J],人文地理,2002,17(3),22-25
[96]林耿,阎小培,广州市商业功能区空间结构研究[J],人文地理,2003,18(3),37-41
[97]何晓兵,我国商业地产可持续发展浅探[J],商业时代,2004,(23),14-15
[98]王德,张晋庆,上海市消费者出门特征与商业空间结构分析[J],城市规划,2001,25(10),6-14
[99]林耿,阎小培,周素红,消费因素影响下广州市大型百货商店的发展[J],热带地理,2002,22(1),52-56
[100]何艳,吴丰,中心城市商业地产发展机会分析[J],资源与人居环境,2004,(5),36-37
[101]梁龙男,关于利用GSI构建商圈分析模型的研究[J],市场与人口分析,1998,4(5),10-15
[102]张效春,商业地产运作理念[J],资源与人居环境,2004,(5),42-43
[103]吴翔华,商用物业营销策划流程分析[J],南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(4),67-68
[104]王学兵,项目融资:商业房地产融资的发展方向[J],中国投资,2004,(6),96-98
[105]徐孝勇,西南地区商贸中心构建与发展对策研究[D],博士学位论文,2005
[106]张永岳,陈伯庚,新编房地产经济学[M],高等教育出版社,1998
[107]郭鸿懋,孙钮,陆军,城市空间经济学[M],经济科学出版社,2002
[108]唐红涛,商圈时空动态性研究[J],吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2007,28(1),104-109
[109]Michael Levy,Barton A.Weitz,Essentials of retailing,Irwin press,1996
[110]张永岳,陈伯庚,新编房地产经济学[M],高等教育出版社,1998
[111]约翰·冯·杜能[德],孤立国同农业和国民经济的关系[M],商务印书馆,1986
[112]韦伯,工业区位论[M],商务印书馆,1997
[113]冯宗容,城市地产经济[M],四川大学出版社,2001
[114]聂伟,都市圈道路网络优化及其评价理论研究[D],北京交通大学博士学位论文,2007
[115]藤田吕久,雅克弗郎科斯·蒂斯,集聚经济学[M],西南财经大学出版社,2004
[116]陈红英,GIS服务共享若干关键问题的研究与实现[D],广东工业大学博士学位论文,2007
[117]廖秋敏,滕清安,GIS支持下的零售业商圈分析研究[J],科技情报开发与经济,2004(11), 169-170
[118]Okabe A.A,A computational method for estimating the demand of retail stores on a street network and its implementation in GIS,Transaction in GIS,2001,5(3),209-220
[119]Shane D.Murnion,Spatial analysis using unsupervised neural netwoks,Computers &Geosciences,1996,22(9),1027-1031
[120]Nobuaki Satani,Akira Uchida commecial facility location model using multiple regression analysis,Comput,Environ and Urban Systems[J],1998,22(3),219-240
[121]Lilian,S.C.Pun-Chenga,Aliee,W.C.Chub.GIS in business-routing analysis of Plaza Shoppers,Map Asia Conference 2004
[122]Abdulkader A.Murad,Creating a GIS application for retail centers in Jeddah city Intemational Joumal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2003,4,329-338
[123]王远飞,吴建国,GIS与商业网点规划管理[J],华东经济管理,2006,(3),111-113
[124]Fedra K.,GIS and environmental modeling,proceedings,first international conference/workshop on integrating geographic information system and environmental modelling,1991
[125]桑义明,肖玲,商业地理研究的理论与方法回顾[J],人文地理,2003,(6),67-71
[126]仵宗卿,戴学珍,北京市商业中心的空间结构研究[J],城市规划,2001,(10),15-19
[127]梁龙男,关于利用GIS构建商圈分析模型的研究[J],市场与人口分析,1998,(5),10-15
[128]杨丽君,朱华岚,吴健平,基于GIS的零售业商圈分析[J],遥感技术与应用,2003,(3),114-118
[129]周春山,罗彦,尚嫣然,中国商业地理学的研究进展,地理学报,2004,(6),1028-1036
[130]崔振华,杨婷,商业零售店选址分析[J],科技与管理,2008,(2),42-44
[131]杨忠振,陆化普,从供给质量及环境持续性的观点来微观分析购物中心的布局状况[J],公路交通科技,2001,18(1),73-76
[132]由爽,城市仓储型购物中心选址与设计[J],低温建筑技术,2005,(2),23-24
[133]杨忠振,贾鹏,城市中购物中心空间布局的优化[J],哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,(2),204-206
[134]甘丽桦,商店选址策略探析[J],沿海企业与科技,2008,(2),108-109
[135]陈建明,中国超级购物中心SHOPPING MALL投资开发指南[M],经济管理出版社,2003
[136]B.L.MacCarthy and W.Atthirawong,“Factors affecting location decisions in international operations-a Delphi study,”International Journal of Operations &Production Management,2003,vol.23,794-818
[137]J.M.Decker and J.L.Crompton,“Attracting footloose companies:an investigation of the business location decision process,”Journal of Professional Services Marketing,1993,vol.9,69-94
[138]S.Holland,S.Ott,and T.Riddiough,“The role of uncertainty in investment:an examination of competing investment models using commercial real estate data”,Center for Real Estate Working Paper,1998,vol.73,1-38
[139]吕波,战略先导型组织的有序动态机制分析[J],中国国情国力,2009,(4):58-60
[140]程庆山,商业物业的供求与商圈理论[J],中国房地产,2000,(4),36-37
[141]刘勤,任荣明,商业地产估价中的商圈因素分析[J],价格理论与实践,2007,(11),42-43
[142]齐晓斋,城市商圈的类型和选址[J],江苏商论,2007,(8),8-11
[143]黄正祥,浅谈零售企业选址中的商圈调查[J],企业家大地,2007,(9),87-89
[144]Kim Hamphery,Shelf life,supermarkets and the changing cultures of consumption[M],Cambridge University Press,1998,256-257
[145]李慕春,西方投资理论评述[J],东北财经大学学报,2001,5,8-11
[146]Jorgenson,D.W.and J.A.Stephenson.,Issues in the development of the neoclassical theory of investment behavior[J],Review of Economics and Statistics,51,1969,346-353
[147]Jorgenson,D.W.,Anticipations and investment behavior in U.S.manufacturing,1947-1960,Journal of American Statist.Association,March,1969,64,67-87
[148]王端,现代宏观经济学中的投资理论及其最新发展[J],经济研究,2000,(12),54-65
[149]Tobin,J.,A general equilibrium approach to monetary theory,Journal of Money[J],Credit and Banking,vol.1,1969,15-29
[150]Abel,A.,Investment and the value of capital[M],New York:Garland Publishing,1979
[151]Yoshikawa,H.,On the‘q'theory of investment[J],American Economic Review,1980,70,734-739
[152]Hayashi,F.,Tobin's marginal and average q:a neoclassical interpretation[J],Econometrica,1982,50,213-224
[153]Arrow,Kenneth J.and Mordecai Kurz,Optimal growth with irreversible investment in a ramsey model[J],Econometrica,1970,Vol.38(2),331-344,
[154]McDonald,Robert and Daniel Siegel,Investment and the valuation of firms when there is an option to shut down[J],International Economic Review,1985,26(2),331-349
[155]魏后凯等,中国外商投资区位决策与公共政策[M],商务印书馆,2002
[156]江小涓,杜玲,跨国投资理论研究的最新进展[J],世界经济,2001,(6),71-77
[157]张敦富等,投资环境评价与投资决策[M],中国人民大学出版社,1999
[158]彭荣胜,区域经济协调发展的内涵、机制与评价研究[D],河南大学博士学位论文,2007
[159]赵冰,区域投资动力机制研究[D],辽宁工程技术大学博士学位论文,2005
[160]高洪深,区域经济学[M],中国人民大学出版社,2002
[161]徐大图,黄东兵,投资环境的评价与改善[M],天津科技出版社,1993
[162]王缉慈等,创新的空间企业集群与区域发展[M],北京大学出版社,2001
[163]黄正新,投资通论[M],中山大学出版社,1999
[164]孙尚志,区域持续发展的因素分析与主要对策[J],经济地理,1997,(2),23-25
[165]Barry Berman,Joel R.Evans,Retail Management[M],Prentice Hall Inc.,New York,1996
[166]北京市社会科学研究所城市研究室选编,国外城市科学文选[M],贵州人民出版社,1984
[167]白少君,张雪,对不同气质类型的消费者的消费偏好研究[J],开发研究,2008,(6):148-151
[168]王海侠,消费习惯理论概述与应用,生产力研究,2006,(11):37-38
[169]乔·卡洛威(美),当购买成为习惯:让顾客离不开你的N个理由[M],北京师范大学出版社,2006
[170]Abbott J.,Use of spatial data to support the integration of informal settlements into the formal city[J],International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2001,vol.3,267-277
[171]辜胜阻,简新华,当代中国人口流动与城镇化[M],武汉大学出版社,1994
[172]B.L.MacCarthy and W.Atthirawong,Factors affecting international location/allocation decisions:Can we structure them,in Proceedings of the 5th International Manufacturing Research Symposium,2000
[173]吴小坚,基于商圈理论的城市商业地产开发策略研究[D],广东工业大学硕士论文,2006
[174]Bo,L;Zhang,MY,Mathematical analysis of relationship between land price and real estate bubbles,PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT SCIENCE & ENGINEERING(13TH),2006
[175]向阳,房地产泡沫形成机理分析[J],西南民族大学学报·自然科学版,2005,(1),85-89
[176]刘慧路,正南江,我国房地产泡沫实证分析[J],商业时代理论,2005,(30),68-69
[177]郑光辉,黄克龙,房价与地价因果关系研究[J],房地产评估,2004,(10),17-20
[178]姚韵萍,关于上海房地产市场中泡沫的实证分析[J],上海房地,2004,(6),23-25
[179]周京奎,曹振良,中国房地产泡沫与非泡沫—以投机理论为基础的实证分析[J],山西财经学院学报,2004,26(1),53-57
[180]伏冬哲,对当前房地产市场泡沫的再认识[J],世界经济情况,2005,(18),30-33
[181]汪树新,杨钢桥,房地产泡沫形成机理与防范措施[J],广东土地科学,2005,4(3),23-25
[182]尹元元,陈柳钦,现代城市商圈布局的技术方法[J],重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛),2008,24(4),43-47
[183]超市周刊,美晟国际广场欲引领未来西单主流—西单商圈商业地产未来趋势与机遇研讨会侧记[J],中国市场,2006,34,71-72
[184]吕波,从中关村风云看专业市场投资金潮[J],安家,2007,(4),102-109
[185]符振彦,中关村商圈商业打出特色牌[J],北京房地产,2008,(8),37-38
[186]吕波,商业地产赢家的探秘[M],机械工业出版社,2008
[187]王树娟,中国国贸价值分析简报,东方证券,2006
[188]王巍栋,大望路:京城奢华的新商圈[J],现代商业,2008,(10),12-15
[189]何态,北京:东部商业地产将建起新商圈[J],中外房地产导报,2006,(3),20-22
[190]刘成刚,商业地产开发项目定价基准实证分析[J],商业时代,2005,(29),73-74
[191]李忠富,李玉龙,商业地产选址的综合评价方法[J],商业研究,2008,(4),196-198
[192]郜振华,配送中心选址模型与算法研究[D],东南大学博士学位论文,2006
[193]吕波,生金旺铺:商铺投资指南[M],机械工业出版社,2007
[194]Kenneth T.Rosen and Lawrence B.Smith,The Price-Adjustment process for rental housing and the natural vacancy rate,American Economic Review[J],1983,vol.73(4),779-868
[195]Stephen Malpezzi,Susan M.Wachter,The fole of speculation in Real Estate Cycles For a fuller exposition,Journal of Real Estate Literature[J],2005,vol.13(2),143-149
[196]Lv,B;Zhang,MY;A new pay pattern based on the strategic track;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING,2006
[197]Steven R.Grenadier,The Persistence of Real Estate Cycles,Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics[J],1995,vol.10(2),95-119
[198]William C.Wheaton,Real Estate “cycles”:Some fundamentals,Real Estate Economics[J],1999,vol.27(2),209-307
[199]Patriek J.Kaufmann,Naveen Donthu and Charles M.Brooks,Multi-unit retail site selection processes:incorporating opening delays and unidentified competition,Journal of Retailing[J],2000,Vol.76(1),113-127
[200]张维迎,博弈论与信息经济学[M],上海人民出版社,1996
[201]姚伟,从博弈论看当前商业地产形势,上海房地,2005,(11),30-31
[202]Lv,B;Zhang,MY;Jiang,KQ;Analysis of the current price of the real estate based on game theory;PROCEEDINGS OF 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION & REAL ESTATE MANAGEMENT,2006
[203]赵焕臣,层次分析法:一种简易的新决策方法[M],科学技术出版社,1986
[204]王莲芬,许树柏,层次分析法引论[M],北京,中国人民大学出版社,1990
[205]许树柏,层次分析法原理[M],大津,大津大学出版,1988
[206]许树柏,李左风,张世英,刘豹,层次分析法—决策的一种实用方法,中国未来研究会第一届学术年会论文选编,1982
[207]刘冬,李海英,从商圈测定谈经济数学在店铺选址中的运用[J],商场现代化,2007,499(4),46-47
[208]Uben stein,John Wiley & sons,Pedestrian Mall,Streetscapes,and urban spaces[M],Harvey M.Rubenstein,1992
[209]C.Alexander,A Pattern language[M],Oxford University Press,1977
[210]Lan Colquhoun,PeeterG.Fauset,Housing design inpractice[M],LongmanScientific and Technical,1991
[211]M.Badri,Combining the analytical hierarchy and goal programming for global facility location-allocation problem[J],International Journal of Production Economics,1999,vol.62,237-248
[212]C.Canel and B.Khumawala,A mixed-integer programming approach for the international facilities location problem[J],International Journal of Operations & Production Management,1996,vol.16,49-68.
[213]戴学珍,北京市商业中心变迁考[J],数据,2007,(8),12-13
[214]杨松,北京零售商业业态的发展方向和重点[J],中国经贸导刊,2006,(12),42-43
[215]邹毅,刘力,京城近郊区域商圈将全面升级[J],北京房地产,2007,(8),21-23
[216]柳思维,唐红涛,基于AHP的城市零售企业商圈吸引力模型分析[J],2006,24(3),53-56
[2]余远坤,我国连锁经营业研究[J],中国市场,2008,(7),14-17
[3]Thomas O Graff,The locations of Wal-Mart and Kmart supercenters contrasting corportate strategies[J],Professional Geographer,1998,50(1),46-57
[4]蔡文韬,变局中的商业地产模式[J],上海商业,2008,(10),21-23
[5]吕波,找旺铺:商业地产定位和实操[M],机械工业出版社,2007
[6]陆鸿敏,我国商业地产运营模式研究[J],中国高新技术企业,2008,(14),19-21
[7]Louise Crewe,Geographies of retailing and consumption[J],Progress in Human Geography,2000,24(2),275-290
[8]王飞,高本河,沃尔玛的选址之痛[J],物流时代,2005,14,30-32
[9]吕波,资本的雪球[M],机械工业出版社,2009
[10]潇琦,外资零售巨头是如何选址的[J],北京房地产,2004,(7),92-94
[11]Ghosh A and Mclafferty S L,Location strategies for retail and service firms,D.C.Heath,Lexington,MA,1987
[12]赵琪,连锁超市选址策略探析[J],山东商业职业技术学院学报,2006,6(4),21-23
[13]David L.Huff,A probability analysis of shopping center trade areas[J],Land Eeonomies,1963,2,81-90
[14]David L.Huff,Defining and estimating a trade area[J],Journal of Marketing,1964,(7),34-38
[15]Takayama T and Labys W C.,Spatial equilibrium analysis,In:Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics I(Nijkamp P ed.),Elsevier,Amsterdam,1986
[16]Takayama T and Judge G.Spatial and temporal price and allocation models,North-Holland,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,1971
[17]Samuelson P A,Spatial price equilibrium and linear programming,American Economic Review,1952,42,283-303
[18]Nagurney A.The application of variational inequality theory to the study of spatial equilibrium and disequilibrium.In Readings in Econometric Theory and Practice:A Volume in Honor of George Judge,North-Holland,Amsterdam,Netherlands,1992,327-355
[19]Kim T J and Suh S.Advanced transport and spatial systems models.Springer-Verlag,New York,1990
[20]Berman O and Krass D.Flow intercepting spatial interaction model:a new approach to optimal location of competitive facilities.Location Science,1998,6,41-56
[21]W.J.Reilly,Methods of the study of retail relationgships[J],University of Texas Bulletin,1929,11,2944
[22]L.W Ellwood,Estimating potential volume of proposed shopping centers[J],The Appraisal Journal,1954,(10),58
[23]李艳敏,叶佰英,运用雷利法则确定区域平均零售吸引力[J],商场现代化,2008,533(3),177-178
[24]Louis P.Bueklin,Trade area boundaries:Some issues in theory and methodology[J],Journal of Marketing Researeh,1971,(2),30-37
[25]陆满平,国外测定商圈的理论法则[J],商场现代化,1998,(5),11-12
[26]王希来,国际大都市商业布局现状与发展趋势[J],北京市财贸管理干部学院学报,1999,(2),27-30
[27]候丽敏,郭毅,商圈理论与零售经营管理[J],中国流通经济,2000,(3),25-28
[28]郭险峰,以理论为支撑寻求商业地产新发展[J],商场现代化,2005,453(12),93
[29]Aikens CH,Facility location models for distribution planning[J],European journal of operational research,1985,22(3),263-279
[30]Cree N D and Maher M J.The continuous equilibrium optimal network design problem:a genetic approach.In:Transportation Networks:Recent Methodological Advances,Elsevier,Netherlands,1998,163-174
[31]Campbell J F.Integer programming formulations of discrete hub location problems.European Journal of Operational Research,1994,72,387-405
[32]Sherali H D,Adams W P.,A decomposition algorithm for a discrete location-allocation problem,Operations Research,1984,32,878-900
[33]Holmberg K.Exact solution methods for uncapacitated location problem with convex transportation costs.European Journal of Operational Research,1999,114,127-140.
[34]Hokey M,John C and David S.The multiple depot vehicle routing problem with backhauling,Journal of Business Logistics,1992,13(1),259-288.
[35]Moore J T,Bard J F,The mixed integer linearbilevel programming problem,Operations Research,1990,38(5),911-921
[36]Floudas C.Nonlinear and mixed-integer optimization fundamentals and applications.Oxford University Press,New York,USA,1995
[37]Edmunds T A and Bard J F.An algorithm for the mixed-integer nonlinear bilevel programming problem.Annals of Operations Research,1992,34,149-162
[38]Armour G C and Buffa E S.A heuristic algorithm and simulation approach to relative location of facility.Management Science,1963,294-309
[39]Ronald H B.Potential error in the center of gravity approach to facility location.Transportation Journal,1973,(12),44-49
[40]Ashtakala B and Murthy A S N.Optimized gravity models for commodity transportation.Journal of Transportation Engineering,ASCE,1988,114(4),393-408
[41]Francis R L and White J A.Facility layout and location:an analytical approach.Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,1974
[42]Kasilingam R G.Logistics and transportation:design and planning.Kluwer Academic Publisher,Boston,1998
[43]Raja G.Kasilingam,Logistics and Transportation[M],Springer,1998,47-57
[44]Achabal,Dale D.,Gorr,Wilpen L.and Mahajan,Vijay,A multiple store location decision model,Journal of Retailing,1982,58,5-25
[45]P.Mirchandani and R.Francis,discrete location theory[M],wiley,new york,1990
[46]Taniguchi E.,optimal size and location planning of public logistics terminals[J],transportation research,1999,35,207-222
[47]Ghosh,Avijit and Craig,Samuel,Formulating retail location strategy in a changing environment,Journal of Marketing,1983,47,56-68
[48]张岩岩,商圈量化分析在零售连锁业选址中的应用[J],价值工程,2006,(2),99-101
[49]唐红涛,城市商圈空间聚集的经济学分析[J],兰州商学院学报,2008,24(4),36-41
[50]武永亮.我国商业集群的模式及其发展趋势[J],生产力研究,2004,(1),146-148
[51]邱小平,广州商业集群效应分析[J],商业经济文萃,2004,(2),9-11
[52]唐建民,基于价值观的商业集群竞争力[J],西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2005,(8),106-111
[53]魏剑峰,商业集群的集聚效应--基于消息学视角的分析[J],当代经济科学,2006,(6),93-96
[54]彭继增,基于产业集群理论的商业集群分析:一个关于商业企业选址模型的构造[J],金融与经济,2006,(11),53-55
[55]张水英,试论中小企业集群的商业信用优势[J],当代经济,2006,(12),91-92
[56]王艳红,方淑芬,商业企业集聚体声誉对消费者购买行为影响的研究[J],管理世界,2007,(7),162-163
[57]徐琴,从世界都市圈的发展经验谈中国的都市圈建设,南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(3),56-59
[58]Lopez E.,Bocco G.,Mendozs M.,Dahau,Predicting land-cover and land-use change in the urban fringe,a case in Morelia city[J],Mexico,Urban plann,2001,271-285
[59]W.J.Relly,The law of retail gravitation[M],New York,Knickerbocker Press,1929
[60]D.L.Huf,Defending and estimating a trading area[J],Journal of Marketing,1964,vol.28,34-38
[61]Nakanishi,M.Cooper,Parameter estimation for a muhiplicative competitive interaction model--least square approach,Journal of Marketing[J],1974,vol.11,303-311
[62]D.Gautschi,Specification of patronage models for retail centerchoice[J],Journal of marketing research,1981,18,162-174
[63]Craig C.S.,Ghosh A.,McLaferty S.,Models of the retail location process:A Review,Journal of Retailing[J],1984,vol.60,5-36
[64]J.Louvie Hierarchical,Information integration:A new method for the design and analysis of complex multiattribute judgements problems advances in consumer research[J],Association for Consumer research,1984,vol.11,148-155
[65]Black W.C.,Osthind L.E.,Westbrok R.A.,Spatial demand models in an intrabrand context,Journal of Marketing[J],1985,vol.49,106-113
[66]C.C.Yrigoyen,J.V.Otero,Spatial interaction models applied to the design of retail trade areas,1998 European Regional Science Association conference papers
[67]L.P.Simkin,Evaluating a store location,International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management[J],1990,18,33-38
[68]Bum D.J.,Image transference and retail site selection,International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management[J],1992,vol.20(5),38-46
[69]Clarkon R.M.,Clarke-Hill C.M.and Robinson J.UK,Supermarket location assessment,International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management[J],1996,vol.24(6),22-33
[70]V.Kumar,Kiran Karande,The efect of retail store environment on retailer performance,Journal of Business Research[J],2000,49,167-181
[71]曹振良等,房地产经济学通论[M],北京大学出版社,2003
[72]吴德云,“地产大鳄十商业巨头”商业地产新模式初探[J],河南商业高等专科学校学报,2004,(1),10-13
[73]中国房地产估价师协会,房地产估价案例与分析[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2004
[74]谷口凡邦,藤江澄大[日],商业设施[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[75]广川启智[日],日本建筑及空间设计精粹[M],中国轻工业出版社,2002
[76]Goodchild,Michael F,A Location model for retail site selection,Journal of Retailing,1984,60,84-100
[77]Simnons J.,The changing of pattern of retail locations[D],Research Paper,No.92,University of Chicago,Department of GeogroPhy,1964
[78]Ken Jones,Jim Sinnnons,Loeation,loeation,loeation:anlyzing the retail enviroment[M],International Thomson Publishing,Nelson Canada,1993
[79]Louise Crewe,Geographies of retailing and consumption,Progress in Human Geography[J],2000,24(2),275-290
[80]王志纲工作室,城市化浪潮下的商业地产[J],商业时代,2004,(14),34-37
[81]程双吉,商业地产多空之辩[J],商业时代,2004,(35),13-14
[82]黄恺,积极开展商业房地产项目后评价[J],城市开发,2004,(16),76-79
[83]John O.McClain,Operations management:production of goods and services(third edition)[M],中国人民大学出版社,2001
[84]Rehm,Michael James,Location,location,location:The relationship between multifamily real estate performance and location within three polycentric urban areas (Texas),DAI-A 63/04,p.1589,Oct 2002
[85]Ownbey,Kenton L,Analysis of the retail location decision processes of commercial investors,lenders,brokers,and appraisers:Applications to the performance of neighborhood shopping centers,DAI-A 53/01,p.206,Jul 1992
[86]YIN Ying,A New Type of Location Problem,Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Science and Technology),Vol.33,No13,Jun.2008:116-118
[87]Ron Hasty,James Bearoon,Retail Management[M],MCGraw Hill Comp Inc,1998[88]Lilian,S.C.Pun-Chenga,Alice,GIS in business-routing analysis of plaza shoppers,Map Asia Conference 2004
[89]周安伟,市场经济体制下城市商业设施规划的理性思维[J],城市规划汇刊,1994,(4),54-58
[90]吴次芳,许红卫,唐根年,城市零售商业用地区位评价方法及其应用[J],城市规划汇刊,1995,(1),51-54
[91]许学强,周素红,林耿,广州市大型零售商店布局分析[J],城市规划,2002,26(7),23-28
[92]阎小培,广州CBD的功能特征与空间结构[J],地理学报,2000,55(4),475-486
[93]阎小培、马跃东、崔晓,广州CDB的交通特征与交通组织研究[J],城市规划,2002,26(3),78-82
[94]孙鹏、王兴中,西方国家社区环境中零售业区位论的一些规律(一)[J],人文地理,2002,17(2),63-66
[95]孙鹏、王兴中,西方国家社区环境中零售业区位论的一些规律(二)[J],人文地理,2002,17(3),22-25
[96]林耿,阎小培,广州市商业功能区空间结构研究[J],人文地理,2003,18(3),37-41
[97]何晓兵,我国商业地产可持续发展浅探[J],商业时代,2004,(23),14-15
[98]王德,张晋庆,上海市消费者出门特征与商业空间结构分析[J],城市规划,2001,25(10),6-14
[99]林耿,阎小培,周素红,消费因素影响下广州市大型百货商店的发展[J],热带地理,2002,22(1),52-56
[100]何艳,吴丰,中心城市商业地产发展机会分析[J],资源与人居环境,2004,(5),36-37
[101]梁龙男,关于利用GSI构建商圈分析模型的研究[J],市场与人口分析,1998,4(5),10-15
[102]张效春,商业地产运作理念[J],资源与人居环境,2004,(5),42-43
[103]吴翔华,商用物业营销策划流程分析[J],南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2002,(4),67-68
[104]王学兵,项目融资:商业房地产融资的发展方向[J],中国投资,2004,(6),96-98
[105]徐孝勇,西南地区商贸中心构建与发展对策研究[D],博士学位论文,2005
[106]张永岳,陈伯庚,新编房地产经济学[M],高等教育出版社,1998
[107]郭鸿懋,孙钮,陆军,城市空间经济学[M],经济科学出版社,2002
[108]唐红涛,商圈时空动态性研究[J],吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2007,28(1),104-109
[109]Michael Levy,Barton A.Weitz,Essentials of retailing,Irwin press,1996
[110]张永岳,陈伯庚,新编房地产经济学[M],高等教育出版社,1998
[111]约翰·冯·杜能[德],孤立国同农业和国民经济的关系[M],商务印书馆,1986
[112]韦伯,工业区位论[M],商务印书馆,1997
[113]冯宗容,城市地产经济[M],四川大学出版社,2001
[114]聂伟,都市圈道路网络优化及其评价理论研究[D],北京交通大学博士学位论文,2007
[115]藤田吕久,雅克弗郎科斯·蒂斯,集聚经济学[M],西南财经大学出版社,2004
[116]陈红英,GIS服务共享若干关键问题的研究与实现[D],广东工业大学博士学位论文,2007
[117]廖秋敏,滕清安,GIS支持下的零售业商圈分析研究[J],科技情报开发与经济,2004(11), 169-170
[118]Okabe A.A,A computational method for estimating the demand of retail stores on a street network and its implementation in GIS,Transaction in GIS,2001,5(3),209-220
[119]Shane D.Murnion,Spatial analysis using unsupervised neural netwoks,Computers &Geosciences,1996,22(9),1027-1031
[120]Nobuaki Satani,Akira Uchida commecial facility location model using multiple regression analysis,Comput,Environ and Urban Systems[J],1998,22(3),219-240
[121]Lilian,S.C.Pun-Chenga,Aliee,W.C.Chub.GIS in business-routing analysis of Plaza Shoppers,Map Asia Conference 2004
[122]Abdulkader A.Murad,Creating a GIS application for retail centers in Jeddah city Intemational Joumal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2003,4,329-338
[123]王远飞,吴建国,GIS与商业网点规划管理[J],华东经济管理,2006,(3),111-113
[124]Fedra K.,GIS and environmental modeling,proceedings,first international conference/workshop on integrating geographic information system and environmental modelling,1991
[125]桑义明,肖玲,商业地理研究的理论与方法回顾[J],人文地理,2003,(6),67-71
[126]仵宗卿,戴学珍,北京市商业中心的空间结构研究[J],城市规划,2001,(10),15-19
[127]梁龙男,关于利用GIS构建商圈分析模型的研究[J],市场与人口分析,1998,(5),10-15
[128]杨丽君,朱华岚,吴健平,基于GIS的零售业商圈分析[J],遥感技术与应用,2003,(3),114-118
[129]周春山,罗彦,尚嫣然,中国商业地理学的研究进展,地理学报,2004,(6),1028-1036
[130]崔振华,杨婷,商业零售店选址分析[J],科技与管理,2008,(2),42-44
[131]杨忠振,陆化普,从供给质量及环境持续性的观点来微观分析购物中心的布局状况[J],公路交通科技,2001,18(1),73-76
[132]由爽,城市仓储型购物中心选址与设计[J],低温建筑技术,2005,(2),23-24
[133]杨忠振,贾鹏,城市中购物中心空间布局的优化[J],哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,(2),204-206
[134]甘丽桦,商店选址策略探析[J],沿海企业与科技,2008,(2),108-109
[135]陈建明,中国超级购物中心SHOPPING MALL投资开发指南[M],经济管理出版社,2003
[136]B.L.MacCarthy and W.Atthirawong,“Factors affecting location decisions in international operations-a Delphi study,”International Journal of Operations &Production Management,2003,vol.23,794-818
[137]J.M.Decker and J.L.Crompton,“Attracting footloose companies:an investigation of the business location decision process,”Journal of Professional Services Marketing,1993,vol.9,69-94
[138]S.Holland,S.Ott,and T.Riddiough,“The role of uncertainty in investment:an examination of competing investment models using commercial real estate data”,Center for Real Estate Working Paper,1998,vol.73,1-38
[139]吕波,战略先导型组织的有序动态机制分析[J],中国国情国力,2009,(4):58-60
[140]程庆山,商业物业的供求与商圈理论[J],中国房地产,2000,(4),36-37
[141]刘勤,任荣明,商业地产估价中的商圈因素分析[J],价格理论与实践,2007,(11),42-43
[142]齐晓斋,城市商圈的类型和选址[J],江苏商论,2007,(8),8-11
[143]黄正祥,浅谈零售企业选址中的商圈调查[J],企业家大地,2007,(9),87-89
[144]Kim Hamphery,Shelf life,supermarkets and the changing cultures of consumption[M],Cambridge University Press,1998,256-257
[145]李慕春,西方投资理论评述[J],东北财经大学学报,2001,5,8-11
[146]Jorgenson,D.W.and J.A.Stephenson.,Issues in the development of the neoclassical theory of investment behavior[J],Review of Economics and Statistics,51,1969,346-353
[147]Jorgenson,D.W.,Anticipations and investment behavior in U.S.manufacturing,1947-1960,Journal of American Statist.Association,March,1969,64,67-87
[148]王端,现代宏观经济学中的投资理论及其最新发展[J],经济研究,2000,(12),54-65
[149]Tobin,J.,A general equilibrium approach to monetary theory,Journal of Money[J],Credit and Banking,vol.1,1969,15-29
[150]Abel,A.,Investment and the value of capital[M],New York:Garland Publishing,1979
[151]Yoshikawa,H.,On the‘q'theory of investment[J],American Economic Review,1980,70,734-739
[152]Hayashi,F.,Tobin's marginal and average q:a neoclassical interpretation[J],Econometrica,1982,50,213-224
[153]Arrow,Kenneth J.and Mordecai Kurz,Optimal growth with irreversible investment in a ramsey model[J],Econometrica,1970,Vol.38(2),331-344,
[154]McDonald,Robert and Daniel Siegel,Investment and the valuation of firms when there is an option to shut down[J],International Economic Review,1985,26(2),331-349
[155]魏后凯等,中国外商投资区位决策与公共政策[M],商务印书馆,2002
[156]江小涓,杜玲,跨国投资理论研究的最新进展[J],世界经济,2001,(6),71-77
[157]张敦富等,投资环境评价与投资决策[M],中国人民大学出版社,1999
[158]彭荣胜,区域经济协调发展的内涵、机制与评价研究[D],河南大学博士学位论文,2007
[159]赵冰,区域投资动力机制研究[D],辽宁工程技术大学博士学位论文,2005
[160]高洪深,区域经济学[M],中国人民大学出版社,2002
[161]徐大图,黄东兵,投资环境的评价与改善[M],天津科技出版社,1993
[162]王缉慈等,创新的空间企业集群与区域发展[M],北京大学出版社,2001
[163]黄正新,投资通论[M],中山大学出版社,1999
[164]孙尚志,区域持续发展的因素分析与主要对策[J],经济地理,1997,(2),23-25
[165]Barry Berman,Joel R.Evans,Retail Management[M],Prentice Hall Inc.,New York,1996
[166]北京市社会科学研究所城市研究室选编,国外城市科学文选[M],贵州人民出版社,1984
[167]白少君,张雪,对不同气质类型的消费者的消费偏好研究[J],开发研究,2008,(6):148-151
[168]王海侠,消费习惯理论概述与应用,生产力研究,2006,(11):37-38
[169]乔·卡洛威(美),当购买成为习惯:让顾客离不开你的N个理由[M],北京师范大学出版社,2006
[170]Abbott J.,Use of spatial data to support the integration of informal settlements into the formal city[J],International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2001,vol.3,267-277
[171]辜胜阻,简新华,当代中国人口流动与城镇化[M],武汉大学出版社,1994
[172]B.L.MacCarthy and W.Atthirawong,Factors affecting international location/allocation decisions:Can we structure them,in Proceedings of the 5th International Manufacturing Research Symposium,2000
[173]吴小坚,基于商圈理论的城市商业地产开发策略研究[D],广东工业大学硕士论文,2006
[174]Bo,L;Zhang,MY,Mathematical analysis of relationship between land price and real estate bubbles,PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT SCIENCE & ENGINEERING(13TH),2006
[175]向阳,房地产泡沫形成机理分析[J],西南民族大学学报·自然科学版,2005,(1),85-89
[176]刘慧路,正南江,我国房地产泡沫实证分析[J],商业时代理论,2005,(30),68-69
[177]郑光辉,黄克龙,房价与地价因果关系研究[J],房地产评估,2004,(10),17-20
[178]姚韵萍,关于上海房地产市场中泡沫的实证分析[J],上海房地,2004,(6),23-25
[179]周京奎,曹振良,中国房地产泡沫与非泡沫—以投机理论为基础的实证分析[J],山西财经学院学报,2004,26(1),53-57
[180]伏冬哲,对当前房地产市场泡沫的再认识[J],世界经济情况,2005,(18),30-33
[181]汪树新,杨钢桥,房地产泡沫形成机理与防范措施[J],广东土地科学,2005,4(3),23-25
[182]尹元元,陈柳钦,现代城市商圈布局的技术方法[J],重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛),2008,24(4),43-47
[183]超市周刊,美晟国际广场欲引领未来西单主流—西单商圈商业地产未来趋势与机遇研讨会侧记[J],中国市场,2006,34,71-72
[184]吕波,从中关村风云看专业市场投资金潮[J],安家,2007,(4),102-109
[185]符振彦,中关村商圈商业打出特色牌[J],北京房地产,2008,(8),37-38
[186]吕波,商业地产赢家的探秘[M],机械工业出版社,2008
[187]王树娟,中国国贸价值分析简报,东方证券,2006
[188]王巍栋,大望路:京城奢华的新商圈[J],现代商业,2008,(10),12-15
[189]何态,北京:东部商业地产将建起新商圈[J],中外房地产导报,2006,(3),20-22
[190]刘成刚,商业地产开发项目定价基准实证分析[J],商业时代,2005,(29),73-74
[191]李忠富,李玉龙,商业地产选址的综合评价方法[J],商业研究,2008,(4),196-198
[192]郜振华,配送中心选址模型与算法研究[D],东南大学博士学位论文,2006
[193]吕波,生金旺铺:商铺投资指南[M],机械工业出版社,2007
[194]Kenneth T.Rosen and Lawrence B.Smith,The Price-Adjustment process for rental housing and the natural vacancy rate,American Economic Review[J],1983,vol.73(4),779-868
[195]Stephen Malpezzi,Susan M.Wachter,The fole of speculation in Real Estate Cycles For a fuller exposition,Journal of Real Estate Literature[J],2005,vol.13(2),143-149
[196]Lv,B;Zhang,MY;A new pay pattern based on the strategic track;PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING,2006
[197]Steven R.Grenadier,The Persistence of Real Estate Cycles,Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics[J],1995,vol.10(2),95-119
[198]William C.Wheaton,Real Estate “cycles”:Some fundamentals,Real Estate Economics[J],1999,vol.27(2),209-307
[199]Patriek J.Kaufmann,Naveen Donthu and Charles M.Brooks,Multi-unit retail site selection processes:incorporating opening delays and unidentified competition,Journal of Retailing[J],2000,Vol.76(1),113-127
[200]张维迎,博弈论与信息经济学[M],上海人民出版社,1996
[201]姚伟,从博弈论看当前商业地产形势,上海房地,2005,(11),30-31
[202]Lv,B;Zhang,MY;Jiang,KQ;Analysis of the current price of the real estate based on game theory;PROCEEDINGS OF 2006 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION & REAL ESTATE MANAGEMENT,2006
[203]赵焕臣,层次分析法:一种简易的新决策方法[M],科学技术出版社,1986
[204]王莲芬,许树柏,层次分析法引论[M],北京,中国人民大学出版社,1990
[205]许树柏,层次分析法原理[M],大津,大津大学出版,1988
[206]许树柏,李左风,张世英,刘豹,层次分析法—决策的一种实用方法,中国未来研究会第一届学术年会论文选编,1982
[207]刘冬,李海英,从商圈测定谈经济数学在店铺选址中的运用[J],商场现代化,2007,499(4),46-47
[208]Uben stein,John Wiley & sons,Pedestrian Mall,Streetscapes,and urban spaces[M],Harvey M.Rubenstein,1992
[209]C.Alexander,A Pattern language[M],Oxford University Press,1977
[210]Lan Colquhoun,PeeterG.Fauset,Housing design inpractice[M],LongmanScientific and Technical,1991
[211]M.Badri,Combining the analytical hierarchy and goal programming for global facility location-allocation problem[J],International Journal of Production Economics,1999,vol.62,237-248
[212]C.Canel and B.Khumawala,A mixed-integer programming approach for the international facilities location problem[J],International Journal of Operations & Production Management,1996,vol.16,49-68.
[213]戴学珍,北京市商业中心变迁考[J],数据,2007,(8),12-13
[214]杨松,北京零售商业业态的发展方向和重点[J],中国经贸导刊,2006,(12),42-43
[215]邹毅,刘力,京城近郊区域商圈将全面升级[J],北京房地产,2007,(8),21-23
[216]柳思维,唐红涛,基于AHP的城市零售企业商圈吸引力模型分析[J],2006,24(3),53-56
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |