企业信息化环境下产品协同开发流程再造与管理研究
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摘要
在全球化信息网络和全球化市场的环境下,围绕新产品的市场竞争日趋激烈。为综合运用企业内、外部的优势资源,产品从由一个企业单独开发模式逐渐转变为跨组织、跨专业和跨地域的协同开发模式。协同开发链上每一个成员企业的开发效率与质量都会影响整个产品协同开发链的竞争力。企业虽然从整体上规划了各自信息化的方案,但针对每一业务,一般都有一套采用各自的信息技术、自成一体解决方案,不同系统之间信息交互困难、很难协同工作,从而在企业内部出现了“资源孤岛”和“系统鸿沟”现象。上述现象的出现,割裂了产品开发流程活动间的信息沟通渠道,降低了流程运行的效率,影响产品协同开发效率。如何提高产品协同开发流程运行效率成为亟待解决的问题。
为探索提高企业信息化环境下企业产品协同开发效率的途径,在企业实际调研与实施、文献和理论分析方法的基础上,针对企业信息化环境下产品协同开发模式及产品协同开发流程管理中存在的问题进行了以下研究:
针对常见的基于经验和调研的定性流程建模方法,研究用定量的方法进行产品开发流程建模与再造,提出用设计结构矩阵(Design Structure Matrix,DSM)中任务间信息依赖关系建立结构矩阵的思想,通过研究产品协同开发流程活动间的结构及信息交互模式,建立了产品协同开发流程活动间信息交互模型,并对模型中的活动间的信息交互量进行量化;在此基础上建立了DSM的产品协同开发流程结构矩阵,并用λ截矩阵对流程活动进行模糊聚类,针对高阶矩阵建立优化算法。
在流程再造过程中关注人的因素,通过对有限理性条件下产品协同开发成员的博弈格局以及产品协同开发成员动态行为的进化稳定均衡的分析,提出应在产品开发团队中建立协调机制以保证成员稳定地选择协同行为。通过企业信息化环境下人-信息系统交互交率的分析研究,提出建立产品协同开发流程主动式信息交互协调机制以及主动式信息交互的实现方式,建立产品协同开发流程协调机制模型和基于该机制的流程再造方法。
在前期理论与方法的研究基础上,分析了企业对产品协同开发流程管理的需求,建立了基于主动式信息交互的流程管理系统框架、体系结构、功能体系与管理流程。
最后,将所研究的方法与模型应用于GH公司的产品协同开发流程的优化与再造中,运用企业的实际信息交互数据与资金数据,建立了基于信息空间与资金空间的流程结构矩阵,并用优化算法对流程进行优化。通过在GH公司产品开发项目的跟踪实施,建立了GH公司产品协同开发流程协调机制和定期沟通协调会制度,通过项目实施证明研究的可行性。
Under the global information network and global market environment, market competition about new products is furious for using internal and external’s preponderant resource, product development are completed from single enterprise to span-institutes, span fields’collaborative development. Any enterprise’s product developing efficiency and quality drops in the chain of the product collaborative development affects the whole chain’s competitive. Although the enterprise plans the information solutions, resting on the single business, the solutions are independent respectively by different technology, lack mutual information exchanging and can not cooperate each other so that it becomes many information isolated islands and system lap. The phenomena split the information communication channel between the product development process activities, reduce the process executing efficiency and effect the enterprise operating efficiency. How to improve the product collaborative developing process efficiency is the enterprise’s problem.
In order to discover the valid approach about enterprise product collaborative developing efficiency in the enterprise information environment wholly, the literature and theories study the product collaborative developing model and product developing process management’s problem as follow.
Focusing on process modeling’s traditional quality method based on experience and study, the study carries out product developing process modeling and reengineering by quantificational method, the paper brings out building up structure matrix by information dependent relation between tasks by Design Structure Matrix, quantify the information in the activities of the model quantity the information in the activities of the model; builds up the dsm’s product collaborative developing process structure matrix and blur clustering byλmatrix for process activities and build up optimizing arithmetic high rank matrix.
On human factors during business process reengineering, by product developing staff’s game and dynamic behavior’s evolution stable balance analysis in person’s limited logos, the paper brings out establishing corresponding mechanism in the product developing team so that the staff choose cooperating behavior. By the analysis and research about mutual efficiency between person and information system, it brings out the positive information exchanging mechanism about product collaborative and implementation of the positive information exchanging, builds the product collaborative developing process harmony mechanism model and the method of process rebuilding based on that mechanism.
Based on previous theory and method, the paper create the process management system architecture based on the positive information exchange, systematic structure, functional system and management process.
At last, the researched method and model are applied to GH company’s product collaborative developing process’s optimization and rebuilding. By enterprise’s real mutual data and capital data, the paper creates process structure matrix based on information space and capital space and optimizes the process by optimization arithmetic. By implementation and tracking of the product developing project in the GH Company, the paper, which sets up the product collaborative process harmony mechanisms and rule of the communication and corresponding meeting, to testify its availability.
为探索提高企业信息化环境下企业产品协同开发效率的途径,在企业实际调研与实施、文献和理论分析方法的基础上,针对企业信息化环境下产品协同开发模式及产品协同开发流程管理中存在的问题进行了以下研究:
针对常见的基于经验和调研的定性流程建模方法,研究用定量的方法进行产品开发流程建模与再造,提出用设计结构矩阵(Design Structure Matrix,DSM)中任务间信息依赖关系建立结构矩阵的思想,通过研究产品协同开发流程活动间的结构及信息交互模式,建立了产品协同开发流程活动间信息交互模型,并对模型中的活动间的信息交互量进行量化;在此基础上建立了DSM的产品协同开发流程结构矩阵,并用λ截矩阵对流程活动进行模糊聚类,针对高阶矩阵建立优化算法。
在流程再造过程中关注人的因素,通过对有限理性条件下产品协同开发成员的博弈格局以及产品协同开发成员动态行为的进化稳定均衡的分析,提出应在产品开发团队中建立协调机制以保证成员稳定地选择协同行为。通过企业信息化环境下人-信息系统交互交率的分析研究,提出建立产品协同开发流程主动式信息交互协调机制以及主动式信息交互的实现方式,建立产品协同开发流程协调机制模型和基于该机制的流程再造方法。
在前期理论与方法的研究基础上,分析了企业对产品协同开发流程管理的需求,建立了基于主动式信息交互的流程管理系统框架、体系结构、功能体系与管理流程。
最后,将所研究的方法与模型应用于GH公司的产品协同开发流程的优化与再造中,运用企业的实际信息交互数据与资金数据,建立了基于信息空间与资金空间的流程结构矩阵,并用优化算法对流程进行优化。通过在GH公司产品开发项目的跟踪实施,建立了GH公司产品协同开发流程协调机制和定期沟通协调会制度,通过项目实施证明研究的可行性。
Under the global information network and global market environment, market competition about new products is furious for using internal and external’s preponderant resource, product development are completed from single enterprise to span-institutes, span fields’collaborative development. Any enterprise’s product developing efficiency and quality drops in the chain of the product collaborative development affects the whole chain’s competitive. Although the enterprise plans the information solutions, resting on the single business, the solutions are independent respectively by different technology, lack mutual information exchanging and can not cooperate each other so that it becomes many information isolated islands and system lap. The phenomena split the information communication channel between the product development process activities, reduce the process executing efficiency and effect the enterprise operating efficiency. How to improve the product collaborative developing process efficiency is the enterprise’s problem.
In order to discover the valid approach about enterprise product collaborative developing efficiency in the enterprise information environment wholly, the literature and theories study the product collaborative developing model and product developing process management’s problem as follow.
Focusing on process modeling’s traditional quality method based on experience and study, the study carries out product developing process modeling and reengineering by quantificational method, the paper brings out building up structure matrix by information dependent relation between tasks by Design Structure Matrix, quantify the information in the activities of the model quantity the information in the activities of the model; builds up the dsm’s product collaborative developing process structure matrix and blur clustering byλmatrix for process activities and build up optimizing arithmetic high rank matrix.
On human factors during business process reengineering, by product developing staff’s game and dynamic behavior’s evolution stable balance analysis in person’s limited logos, the paper brings out establishing corresponding mechanism in the product developing team so that the staff choose cooperating behavior. By the analysis and research about mutual efficiency between person and information system, it brings out the positive information exchanging mechanism about product collaborative and implementation of the positive information exchanging, builds the product collaborative developing process harmony mechanism model and the method of process rebuilding based on that mechanism.
Based on previous theory and method, the paper create the process management system architecture based on the positive information exchange, systematic structure, functional system and management process.
At last, the researched method and model are applied to GH company’s product collaborative developing process’s optimization and rebuilding. By enterprise’s real mutual data and capital data, the paper creates process structure matrix based on information space and capital space and optimizes the process by optimization arithmetic. By implementation and tracking of the product developing project in the GH Company, the paper, which sets up the product collaborative process harmony mechanisms and rule of the communication and corresponding meeting, to testify its availability.
引文
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