用户名: 密码: 验证码:
中原地区数字环境考古研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
数字环境考古是在遥感环境考古、环境考古信息系统等研究基础上提出的概念,本文在对环境考古涵义、理论基础、方法与技术支撑体系研究基础上,选取中原地区进行了数字环境考古研究。
     中原地区环境遥感考古研究。(1)分析了中原地区仰韶文化至春秋战国时期城址的遥感影像特征,总结出不同时期城址的图谱序列。(2)对双洎河流域早期聚落选址与水系关系进行了遥感影像分析,概括出各时期聚落分布类型。(3)对商丘地区人工沟渠遗迹进行了航空遥感解译和自动提取,提出一种自动提取航片图像目标物体的算法。
     中原地区环境考古数据库系统研究,基于GIS和数据库技术,研究分析了区域环境考古地理背景数据库、文物资源数据库和大型聚落遗址数据库的特点,并进行了设计和开发。其中重点对航空影像数据库进行了研究和构建,对河南省文物资源数据库数据组织进行了分析,设计并开发了河南省不可移动文物资源管理试点系统,对郑韩故城文物考古数据库进行了详细设计。
     基于GIS和模型分析对中原地区古代聚落进行研究,一是总结了不同环境背景下各个时期聚落时空分布特征。二是总结了仰韶文化类型划分与区域自然综合区划之间的耦合关系。三是对河南裴李岗文化时期聚落空间分布的进行集聚分析,得到两个集聚中心。
     在中原地区按照不同空间尺度进行了环境考古虚拟现实研究。大(区域)尺度上,对环嵩山地区环境与古文化遗址分布进行了虚拟和环境考古分析;中尺度上,对溹须河流域环境与古代城址分布以及具茨山古代岩刻符号赋存环境进行了三维虚拟和分析;小尺度上,对关帝庙遗址商代地表进行了测绘和三维虚拟复原。
     通过案例研究,本文在最后对数字环境考古进行了总结,数字环境考古是从方法角度对环境考古的延伸,它包括了环境考古资料的数字化、研究过程的模型化和研究结果的可视化。
     本文认为数字环境考古中的研究模式,需要以环境考古研究的问题作为背景,数字环境考古的理论和方法还需要在研究中进一步完善。
The digital environmental archaeology is the concept which is proposed based onthe foundations of research on the remote sensing environmental archaeology,environmental archaeological information system and so on. Based on the research onthe environmental archaeological implication, the rationale, the system of method andthe technique, the Central China area is selected as case regional to conduct researchon the digital environmental archaeology.
     The research on the environmental remote sensing archaeology in the CentralChina area 1) has analyzed the characteristics of the remote sensing images of the citysites from Yangshao culture to Spring and Autumn Warring States Period in theCentral China area, summarized the city sites' atlas sequence of different times; 2) hascarried on the analysis of remote sensing images in the aspect of the relationshipbetween the location of the prehistoric settlements and the river in Shuangji Riverbasin, summarized the settlement dispersion pattern in various times; 3) has carried onthe interpretation of the aerial remote sensing images and the automatic extraction ofthe artificial drainage ditch vestige in Shangqiu area, proposed a kind of algorithm ofthe object's automatic extraction from aerial photo images.
     Based on GIS and the database technology, the research on the database systemof the environmental archaeology in the Central China area has studied and analyzedthe characteristics of the geographical background database of the regionalenvironmental archaeology, the database of the heritage resources and the database ofthe large-scale settlement ruins, and carried on the design and the development of thedatabase. Among them the paper put the focus on the research and the construction ofthe database of the aerial photo images, analysed the data organization of the heritageresources database in Henan Province, designed and developed the experimentalmanagement system of the intransportable heritage resources in Henan Province,carried on the detailed design of the cultural relic archaeological database of ZhengHan Gucheng.
     Based on GIS and the model analysis, the research on the prehistoric settlementin the Central China area, firstly summarized the temporal and spatial characteristicsof the settlements in each period under the different environmental background, secondly summarized the coupling relations between the division of Yangshao culturetype and the regional natural synthesis regionalization, and thirdly carried on theClustering analysis of the settlement spatial distribution in Henan Pei Ligang culture,and got the results of two clustering centers.
     Research on the environmental archaeological virtual reality according to thedifferent spatial scale in the Central China area, virtual and environmentalarchaeological analysis to the environment and the ancient Cultural Relics'distribution surrounding Mt. Songshan area in the large(regional) scale is presented;has carried on the three dimensional virtual and the analysis to the environment andthe ancient city sites distribution in the Suoxu river basin, as well as theenvironmental occurrence of the ancient rock carving symbols on Mt. Jucishan in themesoscale; and in the small scale, it is presented that the survey and the threedimensional virtual restoration to the Shang Dynasty surface of the Guandi Templeruins.
     Based on the case study, The paper makes a summary of the digitalenvironmental archaeology. The digital environmental archaeology is themethodological extension of the environmental archaeology; it includes thedigitization of the environmental archaeological data, the simulation of the researchprocess and the visualization of the research results.
     The research pattern of the digital environmental archaeology needs to take theenvironmental archaeological research questions as the background, and the theoryand method of the digital environmental archaeology also need to furtherimprovement in the research process.
引文
〖1〗阿尔·戈尔著,陈嘉映等译.濒临失衡的地球.北京:中央编译出版社,1997.
    〖2〗安金槐主编.中国考古.上海:上海古籍出版社,1992.
    〖3〗白璧玲.空间资讯技术在考古学研究上的支援与应用.2002年中华地理资讯学会年会暨学术研讨会论文集.
    〖4〗白九江、邹后曦、朱诚.玉溪遗址古洪水遗存的考古发现和研究.科学通报,2008,(S1).
    〖5〗保罗·鲍克斯著,胡明星、董卫译.地理信息系统与文化资源管理:历史遗产管理人员手册.南京:东南大学出版社,2001.2.
    〖6〗毕硕本、裴安平、闾国年.基于空间分析方法的姜寨史前聚落考古研究.考古与文物,2008,(01).
    〖7〗毕硕本、王桥等.地理信息系统软件工程的原理与方法.北京:科学出版社,2003.
    〖8〗边馥苓.地理信息系统原理和方法.北京:测绘出版社,1996.
    〖9〗陈淳.考古学的理论与研究.上海:学林出版社2003.
    〖10〗陈淳、高书勤.西阴村发掘与中国考古学的历程.见:复旦大学文物与博物馆学系、复旦大学文化遗产研究中心编.文化遗产研究集刊3.上海:上海古籍出版社,2003:16-17
    〖11〗陈淳、郑建明.稻作起源的考古学探索.复旦学报(社会科学版),2005,(04).
    〖12〗陈军、邬伦.数字中国地理空间基础框架.北京:科学出版社,2003.
    〖13〗陈述彭.数字地球,百舸争流.地球信息科学,2001,4(1):3-6,4(2):1-5.
    〖14〗陈述彭.“数字考古”与古环境再现.香山科学会议“历史文化遗产信息的空间认识”学术讨论会会议交流材料.北京:2004.10.
    〖15〗陈述彭、鲁学军等.地理信息系统导论.北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖16〗陈中原、洪雪晴、李山、王露、史晓明.太湖地区环境考古.地理学报,1997,(02).
    〖17〗承继成、李琦等.国家空间信息基础设施与数字地球.北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
    〖18〗承继成、林珲等.数字地球导论.北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖19〗辞海.北京:中华书局,1936:84.
    〖20〗辞源.北京:商务印书馆,1979“87.
    〖21〗崔建新、周尚哲.4000a前中国洪水与文化的探讨.兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,(03).
    〖22〗崔之久、杨晓燕、夏正楷.初论古文化类型演替与传承模式的区域分异——以西拉沐沦河流域和汶泗流域为例.第四纪研究,2002,(05).
    〖23〗樊少荣、周明全、姬利艳.考古文物的数字化过程研究.微机发展,2004,(12).
    〖24〗冯玉琳、赵保华.软件工程方法、工具和实践.合肥:中国科技大学出版社,1992.
    〖25〗冯学智、都金康等.数字地球导论.北京:商务印书馆,2004.
    〖26〗高华中、朱诚、徐伟峰.山东沂沭河流域2000BC前后古文化兴衰的环境考古(英文).Journal of Geographical Sciences,2007.(03).
    〖27〗高华中、朱诚、曹光杰.山东沂沭河流域2000BC前后古文化兴衰的环境考古.地理学报,2006,(03).
    〖28〗高立兵.时空解释新手段——欧美考古GIS研究的历史、现状和未来.考古.1997,(07).
    〖29〗龚健雅.当代GIS的若干理论与技术.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1999.
    〖30〗宫希成.遥感考古在安徽的实践.安徽地质,2001,(04).
    〖31〗顾维玮、朱诚.苏北地区新石器时代考古遗址分布特征及其与环境演变关系的研究.地理科学,2005,(02).
    〖32〗广尔省文物考古研究所.田野考古资料的信息化处理与“田野考古”.考古,2000,(06).
    〖33〗桂润堂、钟霞、薛重生.基于ArcSDE空间数据库引擎技术的应用研究.微机发展,2003,13(06):50-52.
    〖34〗郭华东.人类文化遗产信息的空间认识.香山科学会议“历史文化遗产信息的空间认识”学术讨论会会议交流材料.北京:2004.10.
    〖35〗国家文物局.第三次全国文物普查工作手册.北京:文物出版社,2007:142-154.
    〖36〗国家自然科学基金委员会.全球变化:中国面临的机遇和挑战.北京:高等教育出版社、柏林:施普林格出版社,1998.
    〖37〗韩茂莉.辽代西拉木伦河流域聚落分布与环境选择.地理学报,2004,(04).
    〖38〗韩玉玲.伊洛河文明的人地关系初探.见周昆叔、宋豫秦主编:环境考古研究(第二辑).北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖39〗何德亮.山东新石器时代环境考古学研究.东方博物,2004,(02).
    〖40〗何宗宜.地图数据处理模型的原理与方法.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004.
    〖41〗河南省博物馆等.河南密县莪沟北岗新石器时代遗址.考古学集刊第1集.北京:文物出版社,1981.
    〖42〗河南省地图集编辑委员会编辑.河南地图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1997.
    〖43〗河南省文物考古学会.中原文物考古研究.郑州:大象出版社.2003:61-73,117-119.
    〖44〗河南省文物考古学会编.河南文物考古论集.郑州:河南人民出版社,1996.
    〖45〗河南省文物考古研究所.河南文物考古四十年.郑州:河南人民出版社,1994.
    〖46〗河南省文物考古研究所、美国密苏里州立大学人类学系.河南颖河上游考古调查中运用GPS与GIS的初步报告.华夏考古,1998(1):13-22.
    〖47〗河南省文物考古研究所等.河南省新密市古城寨龙山文化城址发掘简报.华夏考古,2002,(2).
    〖48〗胡松梅、张云翔、张天恩.宝鸡关桃园遗址动物环境考古研究.西北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,(01).
    〖49〗黄春长.渭河流域全新世黄土与环境变迁.地理研究,1989,(01).
    〖50〗黄翡、王伟铭、李民昌.苏州草鞋山遗址新石器时代以来的植硅石研究.微体古生物学报,1998,(01).
    〖51〗黄赐璇.毛乌素沙地南缘全新世自然环境.地理研究,1991,(02).
    〖52〗姜立征.孢粉分析与环境考古.生物学通报,1998,(07).
    〖53〗杰里米·萨布罗夫、温迪·阿什莫尔,陈洪波译,方辉校.美国聚落考古学的历史与未来.中原文物,2005(4)P54-63.Jeremy A Sabloff & Wendy Ashmore,Archaeology at the Millennium.Springer 2001.
    〖54〗阚瑷珂、王绪本.“3S”技术支持下的考古探测方法研究述评.国土资源遥感,2008,(03).
    〖55〗李安波、毕硕本、裴安平、闾国年.田野考古地理信息系统研究与建设.地理与地理信息科学,2004(1).
    〖56〗李先登.试论中国古代文明起源与地理环境之关系.河洛文明论文集.郑州:中州古籍出版社,1993.
    〖57〗李先华、周坚华、刘树人等.西部典型地区遥感考古的设想.地球信息科 学,2004(04).
    〖58〗李湘德、彭斌.虚拟现实技术发展综述.创新论坛(技术与创新管理),2004,(06).
    〖59〗李友谋.裴李岗文化.北京:文物出版社,2003.
    〖60〗李振泉.人地关系论.见:李旭旦,编.人文地理学概说.北京:科学出版社,1985.
    〖61〗李宗华、彭明军.基于关系数据库技术的遥感影像数据建库研究.武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2005,30(02):166-169.
    〖62〗林果.关于航空遥感考古学科的理论架构思考.香山科学会议“历史文化遗产信息的空间认识”学术讨论会会议交流材料.北京:2004.10.
    〖63〗刘峰贵、侯光良、张镱锂、张忠孝、许长军、周强、张海峰.中全新世气候突变对青海东北部史前文化的影响.地理学报,2005,(05).
    〖64〗刘会平.长江流域地貌类型研究.华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),1994,(01).
    〖65〗刘建国.“数字考古”纵论.21世纪的中国考古学和世界考古学,北京:科学出版社,2002.
    〖66〗刘建国.遥感考古的原理与方法.考古,1994(04).
    〖67〗刘建国、王霞、张蕾.洹河流域区域考古信息系统的建设与探索.考古,2001,(9).
    〖68〗刘建国.考古与地理信息系统.北京:科学出版社,2002:86-120.
    〖69〗刘建华.计算机技术在考古学与文物保护中的应用.中原文物,2004,(05).
    〖70〗刘见灼.WWW上的虚拟现实技术——VRML语言.北京:电子工业出版社,1998.
    〖71〗刘树人.遥感考古学的近今进展.华东师范大学学报(环境遥感考古专集二),1998:8-10.
    〖72〗刘树人.空间遥感环境考古的地学分析.地球信息科学,1996,(01).
    〖73〗刘树人.我国遥感考古回顾及展望.国土资源遥感,1998,(02).
    〖74〗陆大道.关于地理学的“人-地系统”理论研究.地理研究,2002(2).
    〖75〗陆丽珍.基于数据库方式的遥感图像库内容检索.北京:气象出版社,2005.
    〖76〗鲁鹏、杨瑞霞、田燕.考古GIS研究综述与前景展望.中原文物.2008,(02).
    〖77〗陆巍、吴宝鲁.中原新石器文化与古气候的关系.地理科学,1999,(01).
    〖78〗栾丰实、方辉、靳桂云.考古学理论·方法·技术.北京:文物出版社,2002.
    〖79〗洛阳市文物工作队.洛阳皂角树.北京:科学出版社,2002年.
    〖80〗马世之.中原龙山文化城址与华夏文明的形成.夏文化研究论集.北京:中华书局,1996.
    〖81〗毛继周等.河南省农业资源与农业区划地图集.北京:测绘出版社,1990.
    〖82〗毛政元.空间模式的测度及其应用.北京:科学出版社,2004.
    〖83〗钱育华.“空中B超”——遥感影像用于考古.影像技术,1996,(02).
    〖84〗萨师煊、王珊.数据库系统概论.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
    〖85〗申洪源、朱诚、张强.长江三角洲地区环境演变与环境考古学研究进展.地球科学进展,2003,(04).
    〖86〗史培军、王静爱、陈婧、叶涛、周洪建.当代地理学之人地相互作用研究的趋向——全球变化人类行为计划(IHDP)第六届开放会议透视.地理学报,2006,(02).
    〖87〗史威、朱诚、王富葆、田晓四.渝东峡江区全新世环境考古与环境变迁研究现状.长江流域资源与环境,2007,(02).
    〖88〗施雅风主编.中国气候与海面变化及其趋势和影响第一卷.中国历史气候变化.济南:山东科学技术出版社,1996.
    〖89〗舒强.历史时期以来南疆地区气候环境演化与人地关系研究.新疆大学硕士论文,2001.
    〖90〗水涛.论中原地区在中国文明化进程中的作用和影响.中原文物,2001(06).
    〖91〗宋宝泉、邵锡惠.遥感考古学.郑州:中州古籍出版社,2000.
    〖92〗宋豫秦.中国早期文明兴衰的人地关系初探.北京:科学出版社.2002:242-245.
    〖93〗苏秉琦.中国文明起源新探.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店.1999:51-64.
    〖94〗孙广清.河南仰韶文化的发现与研究.中原文物,2001(05).
    〖95〗孙朝辉、李副新.基于RS和GIS的楚皇城考古调查.应用技术,2001,(4).
    〖96〗孙琪云等.中国新石器文化地理分布、兴衰与气候变迁的关系.华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),1998,(04).
    〖97〗索秀芬.中全新世内蒙古东南部和中南部环境考古对比研究.内蒙古文物考古,2005,(02).
    〖98〗谭其骧.简明中国历史地图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1991.
    〖99〗唐宜欣、谭伟、李思昆、吴浩.虚拟现实建模语言VRML的描述方法及分析.长沙:湖南教育学院学报,2001(03).
    〖100〗唐云松、朱诚.中国南方传统聚落特点及其GIS系统的设计.衡阳师范学院学报,2003(4):13-18.
    〖101〗汤国安、赵牡丹.地理信息系统.北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖102〗汤卓伟.环境考古学.北京:科学出版社,2004.
    〖103〗田茂义、卢秀山、王东等.基于Oracle的DOM影像库的建立研究.测绘通报,2006(02):13-16.
    〖104〗王邨、王松梅.近五千年来我国中原地区气候在年降水量方面的变迁.中国科学(B辑),1987,(01):105-112.
    〖105〗王辉,中国北方不同地区中全新世古环境和古文化的初步研究[博士学位论文],北京:北京大学,2005.
    〖106〗王均.陕西省资源环境本底数据库建设及GIS在历史地理研究中的应用设想.中国历史地理论丛,2002,(03):129-137.
    〖107〗王良健、郭齐、肖大鹏.长江流域经济发展水平差异的实证分析.地理与地理信息科学,2005,(02).
    〖108〗王琳、冯正进.利用VRML构造交互式虚拟现实环境.计算机应用,2000(增刊).
    〖109〗王佞、罗大庸、张航.基于SDE的空间数据库的研究与实现.计算机与数字工程,2006,34(04):7-10.
    〖110〗王妙发.从史前聚落到早期都市.黄河流域聚落论稿.北京:知识出版社,1999.
    〖111〗王桥、张宏等.环境地理信息系统.北京:科学出版社,2004.
    〖112〗王巍.关于文明起源与形成的几点思考.见:河南省文物考古研究所.华夏文明的形成与发展.郑州:大象出版社.2003:42-45.
    〖113〗王文楷,毛继周,陈代光等编著,河南省地方史志编纂委员会编.河南地理志.郑州:河南人民出版社,1990.
    〖114〗王心源、陆应诚、高超等.广义遥感环境考古的技术整合.安徽大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(02).
    〖115〗王心源.基于多源遥感数据的古环境重建理论与实践研究[博士学位论文].南京:南京大学,2000.
    〖116〗王星光.生态环境变迁与夏代的兴起探索.北京:科学出版社,2004:62-68.
    〖117〗王英杰、袁勘省等.多维动态地学信息可视化.北京:科学出版社,2003.
    〖118〗王张华、陈杰.全新世海侵对长江口沿海平原新石器遗址分布的影响.第四纪研究,2004,(05).
    〖119〗王志俊.史前人类对自然环境的利用与改造.环境考古研究第一辑.北京:科学出版社,1991年.
    〖120〗吴爱琴、红杰、杨瑞霞等.开封市古城址和古河道遥感考古实验研究.地域研究与开发,2002,(03).
    〖121〗吴传钧.论地理学的研究核心——人地关系地域系统,经济地理,1991,(03).
    〖122〗吴敬禄、王苏民、王洪道.新疆艾比湖全新世以来的环境变迁与古气候.海洋与湖沼,1996,(05).
    〖123〗邬伦.地理信息系统——原理、方法和应用.北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖124〗伍永秋、唐海萍、王平.环境演变信息的管理与应用.第四纪研究,2000,(03).
    〖125〗夏鼐、王仲殊.考古学.中国大百科全书——考古学.北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1986.
    〖126〗夏商周断代工程专家组.夏商周断代工程1996—2000年阶段成果报告.北京:世界图书出版公司,2000.
    〖127〗夏正楷、王赞红、赵青春.我国中原地区3500 aBP前后的异常洪水事件及其气候背景.中国科学D辑,2003,(09).
    〖128〗夏正楷、杨晓燕.我国北方4 ka B.P.前后异常洪水事件的初步研究.第四纪研究,2003,(06).
    〖129〗夏正楷、杨晓燕、叶茂林.青海喇家遗址史前灾难事件.科学通报,2003,(11).
    〖130〗向辉、孟祥旭、杨承磊.山东大学考古数字博物馆设计与实现.系统仿真学报,2003(03).
    〖131〗肖彬、谢志仁、闾国年、朱晓华.GIS支持的考古信息管理系统——以长江三角洲地区为例.南京师范大学学报(自然科学版),1999:22(03).
    〖132〗谢悦波、张素亭、毕东生.古洪水行洪断面面积的估算.河海大学学报(自然科学版),1999,(05).
    〖133〗熊丽华、杨峰.基于ArcSDE的空间数据库技术的应用研究.计算机应用,2004,24(3):90-92.
    〖134〗徐馨.全新世环境——最近一万多年来环境变迁.贵州人民出版社,1990.
    〖135〗许顺湛.文明形成与发展的理论纠葛.见:河南省文物考古研究所.华夏文明的形成与发展.郑州:大象出版社.2003:40—41.
    〖136〗薛瑞泽.中原地区概念的形成.寻根,2005(5).
    〖137〗尹宁.基于多源遥感数据的中国西部典型区域生态环境和考古研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国科学院研究生院(遥感应用研究所),2004.
    〖138〗杨瑞霞、郭仰山、詹志明等.遥感技术在河南省考古中的应用.国土资源遥感,2001,(02).
    〖139〗杨瑞霞、郭仰山等.中原地区遥感考古研究与实践.地域研究开发,2004(02):85—88.
    〖140〗杨瑞霞、张震宇、鲁鹏、周昆叔、张瑞云.黄河中下游数字环境考古研究.地域研究与开发,2005,(02).
    〖141〗杨瑞霞等.河南遥感考古初探.国土资源遥感,2002,(02).
    〖142〗杨晓燕、夏正楷.中国环境考古学研究综述.地球科学进展,2001,(06).
    〖143〗杨晓燕、夏正楷、崔之久.环境考古学发展回顾与展望.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(02).
    〖144〗杨晓燕、夏正楷、崔之久.第四纪科学与环境考古学.地球科学进展,2005,(02).
    〖145〗杨晓燕、夏正楷、崔之久、叶茂林.青海官厅盆地考古遗存堆积形态的环境背景. 地理学报.2004(03):455-460.
    〖146〗杨育彬等.中国文物分布地图集河南分册.北京:地图出版社,1991.
    〖147〗叶万松等.皂角树遗址古环境与古文化初步研究.周昆叔、宋豫秦主编.环境考古研究(第二辑).北京:科学出版社,2000.
    〖148〗叶文虎、宋豫秦.中国文明历程的两条主线论.中国人口·资源与环境,2002(02).
    〖149〗喻冰春、姜琦刚.基于ArcSDE技术的省级基础空间数据库设计与建立.长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2006,7(01):72—74.
    〖150〗张超.地理信息系统实习教程.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
    〖151〗张光直.中国考古学论文集.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,1999:279.
    〖152〗张光直著,曹兵武译.考古学——关于其若干基本概念和理论的再思考.沈阳:辽宁教育出版社.2002.
    〖153〗张海.ArcView地理信息系统在中原地区聚落考古研究中的应用.华夏考古,2004(1):98-106.
    〖154〗张居中.试论河南省前仰韶时代文化.河南文物考古论集(二).郑州:河南人民出版社,1996.
    〖155〗张军、陈升玉、王华,、石雷.山东省沂沭河流域洪水资源利用探讨.山东水利,2005,(02).
    〖156〗张锴生.略论中原古代文明的中心地位.中原文物,2001(06).
    〖157〗张强、刘春玲、朱诚、姜彤.长江三角洲地区全新世以来环境变迁对人类活动的影响.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,(04).
    〖158〗张强、朱城、刘春玲、姜彤.长江7000年来的环境变迁.地理学报.2004(4):534-541.
    〖159〗张强、朱诚、姜彤、张之恒.江苏海安青墩地区新石器时代环境考古.地理研究,2004,(04).
    〖160〗张荣华.遥感信息技术在城市生态、环境、旅游考古方面应用探讨.城市勘察,2003,(02).
    〖161〗张生、朱诚、张强、李德文.太湖地区新石器时代以来文化断层的成因探讨.南京大学学报(自然科学版),2002,(01).
    〖162〗张新斌.黄河与中国古代城市.见:河南省文物考古学会.河南文物考古论集.郑州:河南人民出版社.1996:131-133.
    〖163〗张玉兰.孢粉分析在环境考古中的应用.上海地质,2005,(01).
    〖164〗张玉兰、范代读.东海北部陆缘地区全新世孢粉组合及其古环境演变.海洋学研究,2008,(01).
    〖165〗张芸、朱诚、张之恒.长江三峡巫山下沱遗址环境考古.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2007,(03)
    〖166〗张震宇、邬恺夫、郝利民等.数字环境考古学若干问题研究.河南社会科学,2005,(03).
    〖167〗张震宇、周昆叔、杨瑞霞、张松林、蔡全法、鲁鹏、郝利民、王超.双洎河流域环境考古.第四纪研究,2007,(03):453-460.
    〖168〗张震宇.豫西黄河谷地古环境与古人类研究.地域研究与开发(增刊),1993.
    〖169〗赵春青.环境考古中地层学研究的几个问题.东南文化,2001,(11).
    〖170〗赵生才.多信息的古地理重建.地球科学进展,2004(2).
    〖171〗赵世纲.关于裴李岗文化若干问题的探讨.华夏考古,1987(2).
    〖172〗赵希涛、鲁刚毅、王绍鸿、吴学忠、张景文.江苏建湖庆丰剖面全新世地层及其对环境变迁与海面变化的反映.中国科学B辑,1991,(09).
    〖173〗赵希涛、鲁刚毅、王绍鸿、吴学忠、张景文、谢志仁、杨达源、郑长苏、任剑璋.江苏建湖庆丰剖面全新世地层及环境变迁与海面变化的初步研究.科学通报,1990,(04).
    〖174〗郑景云等.历史环境变化数据库的建设和应用.地理研究,2002,21(2).
    〖175〗中国社会科学院考古研究所.考古学的历史·理论·实践.郑州:中洲古籍出版社,1996.
    〖176〗周群英.西安地区全新世环境变迁与土壤的形成演化.陕西教育学院学报,2004,(03).
    〖177〗周昆叔.北京环境考古.第四纪研究,1989,(01).
    〖178〗周昆叔、巩启明.环境考古研究(第一辑).北京:科学出版社.1991:41-42.
    〖179〗周昆叔.黄河中下游环境考古的启示.花粉分析与环境考古.北京:学苑出版社,2002年.
    〖180〗周昆叔.十五年来的中国环境考.第三届中国环境考古学大会主报告,2002年9月.
    〖181〗周昆叔、宋豫秦.环境考古研究(第二辑).北京:科学出版社.2000:41-208.
    〖182〗周昆叔.周原黄土及其与文化层的关系.第四纪研究,1995,(02):174-181.
    〖183〗周昆叔.孢粉分析与环境考古.北京:学苑出版社,2002:220-222.
    〖184〗周昆叔.中原古文化与环境.见:张兰生主编.中国生存环境历史演变规律研究(一).海洋出版社,1993.
    〖185〗周昆叔.环境考古.北京:文物出版社,2007.
    〖186〗周娅、谢志仁.GIS支持下文物保护管理信息系统设计与实现.地理信息世界,2002,(03).
    〖187〗朱诚.对长江流域新石器时代以来环境考古研究问题的思考.自然科学进展,2005,(02).
    〖188〗朱诚、史威、于世永、程鹏、王郡玉.上海马桥地区6000年来环境演变的沉积学研究.应用基础与工程科学学报,1996,(01).
    〖189〗朱诚、张强、张芸、张之恒、沈明沽.长江三角洲长江以北地区全新世以来人地关系的环境考古研究.地理科学,2003,(06).
    〖190〗朱诚、于世永、卢春成.长江三峡及江汉平原地区全新世环境考古与异常洪涝灾害研究.地理学报,1997,52(3):268—276.
    〖191〗朱诚、郑朝贵、马春梅,等.长江三峡库区中坝遗址地层古洪水沉积判别研究.科学通报,2005,50(20):2240—2250.
    〖192〗朱军.基于VRML的大型地形环境建模研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003.
    〖193〗竺可桢.中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究.中国科学(D辑),1973,(02):168-189.
    〖194〗祝炜平、黄世强、李江林.杭州雷峰塔遗址地下遥感考古研究.地球信息科学,2002,(02).
    〖195〗邹逸麟.黄海海平原历史地理.安徽教育出版社,1997.
    〖196〗Aikens, C. Melvin et al. Remote Sensing: A Handbook for Archaeologists and Cultural Resource Managers, Basic Manual Supplement: Oregon. 1980.
    〖197〗Allen, K.M., et al. (eds.), Interpreting Space: GIS andArchaeology. 1990.
    〖198〗Anthony Comfort. Zeugma seen from space-archaeological survey work on the Euphrates using satellite imagery and GPS. Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001.
    [199] Archer, S. N. and Bartoy, K. M. (eds.), Between Dirt and Discussion: Methods,Methodology, and Interpretation in Historical Archaeology. 2006.
    [200] Bartoloni G., Piro S. Integrated approach to study and characterize the ancient acropolis of Veio. Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001.
    [201] BLORE. F. A, HITCHEN.M, VALLENDER. J. Archaeological Assessment of the Stonehenge World Heritage Site and its Surrounding Landscape, Central Archaeology Service (Circulated Typescript Report), English Heritage,London, 1994.
    [202] BLORE, F. A. ; HITCHEN, M. An Assessment of the Impact of the Alternative Routes of the A303 Amesbury to Bewick Down Improvement on the Recorded Archaeological Resource, Central Archaeology Service (Circulated Typescript Report), English Heritage, London, 1995.
    [203] Booth, B. A High-resolution Digital Image System for the Photographic Archive at the National Railway Museum, York. In: Andresen et al. eds.Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. Aarbus University Press, 1993:457-461.
    [204] Box P.Angkor. GIS: Supplementary Users Guide and Technical Specification.UNESCO, 1994.
    [205] Box, P. Final Report: Hue Cultural Complex World Heritage Site GIS Implementation. UNESCO. 1994.
    [206] Bryan.K. Pre-Columbian agriculture in the southwest, as conditioned by periods of alleviation. Annals of the Association of American Geographiers,1941, 31: 219-242.
    [207] Bryan. K. Recent deposits of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, in relation to the lives of the prehistoric Peoples of Pueblo Bonito. Washington Academy of Science Jounal, 1926, 16:75-76
    [208] Burson, Elizabeth, "Geospatial Data Content, Analysis, and Procedural Standards for Cultural Resources Site Monitoring. " U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2001.
    [209] Butzer, K. W. Archaeology as Human Ecology. Cambridge University Press,Cambridge. 1982:98-156.
    [210] Butzer, K. W. Ecology in the long view: settlement histories, agro systemic strategies, and ecological performance. Journal of Field Archaeology 1996,23:141-150.
    [211] Butzer. K. W. Archeology and geology in Ancient Egypt, Science, 1960,132:1617-1624.
    
    [212] Butzer. K. W. 1964, Environment and Archaeology Aldine Pub. Co., Chicago.
    
    [213] Caeneiro R L. A theory of the Origin of the State. Science, 1970,169:733-738.
    [214] CARMICHAEL, D. GIS Predictive Modelling of Prehistoric Site Distribution in Montana. In:K. Allen, S. Green and E. Zubrow (Eds), Interpreting Space: GIS and Archaeology. Taylor and Francis, 1990.
    [215] Chapman, H., Landscape Archaeology and GIS. 2006.
    [216] CLEAL.R.M.J. ,WALKER, K.E. ; MONTAGUE, R. Stonehenge in its Landscape-The Twentieth Century Excavations, English Heritage Archaeological Report 10, English Heritage .London,1995.
    [217] Clement, Christopher O., De, Sahadeb, and Wilson Kloot, Robin, "Using GIS to Model and Predict Likely Archaeological Sites. " 2002.
    [218] Comer, Douglas C. "Environmental History at an Early Prehistoric Village:An Application of Cultural Site Analysis at Beidha, in Southern Jordan. "ESRI Journal of GIS in Archaeology, Volume 1, April 2003.
    [219] Conyers, Lawrence B. and Goodman, Dean, "Ground-Penetrating Radar: An Introduction for Archaeologists. " 1997.
    [220] Craig, Nathan and Aldenderfer, Mark, "Preliminary Stages in the Development of a Real-Time Digital Data Recording System for Archaeological Excavation Using ArcView GIS 3. 1. " ESRI Journal of GIS in Archaeology,Volume 1, April 2003.
    [221] CURCARZI, M., ZOLESE, P. 1997. An attempt to inventory Khmer monumental remains through geomagnetic modelling :the ancient city of Wat Phu. BEFEO.
    [222] Damian Evans, Roland Fletcher. 2003. Remote Sensing at Angkor: Mapping Settlement Structure Using Imaging Radar, Aerial Survey and GIS. In: The Fifth World Archaeological Congress. Washington D.C.
    [223] David Wheatley and Mark Gilling, Spatial Technology and Archaeology: The Archaeological Applications of GIS. Published in 2002 by Taylor & Francis.
    [224] DE MAN, W. H., Establishing a Geographical Information System in Relation to its Use: A Process of Strategic Choices. In: D. Peuquet and D. Marble(eds.), Introductory Readings in Geographic Information Systems.Taylor and Francis, 1990.
    
    [225] Demers, Michael N. Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems. 2000.
    [226] Dickinson Jr., William B., "Archaeological Predictive Models: A Look into Commercial Potential" (white paper), 2003.
    [227] Dickinson Jr., William B., "Proposed use of Vegetation Indices at Goddard Space Flight Center" (NASA internal document, NNG04AZ01C), 2004.
    [228] Dickinson Jr., William B. , "Cultural Resource Management: An Application of Remotely Sensed Data and Advanced Image Processing Technologies" (NASA SBIR proposal), 2004.
    [229] Dickinson Jr., William B., "A Remotely-Sensed Decision-Support Tool for Facilities Planning" (NASA SBIR proposal), 2005.
    [230] Dincauze, D. F. Environmental Archaeology: Principals and Practice.Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 2000:3-19,20-79.
    [231] Asis Bhattacharya. Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS for Locating Archaeological Sites in Quaternary Plain, India. In: International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. 2004:68-70.
    [232] Fisher, P. and D. Unwin. Virtual Reality in Geography. 2002.
    [233] GAFFNEY, V, ;STANCIC, Z. GIS Approaches to Regional Analysis: A Case Study of the Island of Hvar. University of Ljubljana, 1991.
    [234] GAFFNEY,V. ;VAN LEUSEN,M. Postscript-GIS, Environmental Determinism and Archaeology: a Parallel Text. In:G. Lock and Z. Stancic(eds), Archaeology and Geographic Information Systems. Taylor and Francis, 1995.
    [235] GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY.J. P(ed.), Satellite Remote Sensing for Agricultural Projects, Technical Paper 128. World Bank,Washington,D.C., 1990.
    [236] Gillings, Mark, "Geographical information systems and landscape archaeology. " 1999.
    [237] Gruel et. al., Arkeoplan a New Tool for the Archaeologist. In: Andresen et al. (eds.). Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology.Aarbus University Press, 1993:81-84.
    [238] Guillot. D;Leroy, G., The Use of GIS for Archaeological Resource Management in France: the SCALA project, with a Case Study in Picardie. In: G. Lock and Z. Stancic (eds.), Archaeology and Geographic Information System. Taylor and Francis. 1995:15-18.
    [239] Henry, M. and Armstrong, L., Mapping the Future of America's National Parks:Stewardship Through Geographic Information Systems, 2004.
    [240] Hodell D A, Brenner M Curtis, Jason H et al. 2001, Solar forcing of drought frequency in the Maya lowlands. Science, 292:1367-1370.
    [241] HOLLEDGE, S. Archaeology on the Net. The Archaeological Computing Newsletter,41,1994.
    [242] Ian Barnes. The use of aerial remote sensing techniques in the management of archaeological monuments on the British Army's Salisbury Plain Training Area, Wiltshire, UK. Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001.
    [243] James Conolly and Mark Lake. Geographical Information Systems in Archaeology. Published in 2006 by Cambridge University Press.
    [244] Jensen, John R., "Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective. " 1996.
    [245] JMA, Inc., "Phase II Archaeological Field Survey of Goddard Space Flight Center. " 2003.
    [246] Johnson, Ian and Wilson, Andres, "The Time Map Project: Developing Time-Based GIS Display for Cultural Data. " ESRI Journal of GIS in Archaeology, Volume 1, April 2003.
    [247] Kambouris, A., 1995. The Development and Use of Digital Technology in the Preservation of the Photographic Archive at the British School at Athens.The Archaeological Computing Newsletter, Number 42, pp 5-11.
    [248] KCI Technologies, Inc., "Phase I Archaeological Field Survey of Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). " 1997.
    [249] Kickert, R. N., Tonella, G., Simonov, A., and Krupa, S. V., "Predictive modeling of effects under global change. " 1999.
    [250] Klein, R. G. (1992). The impact of early people on the environment: the case of large mammal extinctions. Human Impact on the Environment: Ancient Roots,Current Challenges. J. E. Jacob sen and J. Firor. Boulder, CO, Westview Press:13-34.
    [251] Kline, B. 1997. First along the River: a Brief History of the U.S.Environmental Movement. San Francisco, Acada Books. Chapters 1-2.
    [252] Knowles, Anne K. 2002. Past time, past place: GIS for history. Redlands, Calif: ESRI Press.
    [253] Konnie Wescott and R. Joe Brandon. Practical Applications of GIS for Archaeologists: A Predictive Modeling Toolkit. Published in 2000 by Taylor& Francis.
    
    [254] Lock, G. (ed), Beyond the Map: Archaeology and Spatial Technologies. 2000.
    [255] L.Sechidis,D.Kaimaris,S.Sylaiou,O.Georgoula, P. Patias. From 3D Model to Stereoscopic Video: A Case Study Based on an Ancient Theatre. International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. Beijing, China.
    [256] Land Use Consultants. Stonehenge World Heritage Site, Landscape and Planning Study(Circulated Typescript Report),London,1995.
    [257] LAWRENCE B. CONYERS. Recent advances in digital GPR processing for archaeological applications: examples from North America. Archaeological Prospection, 2001.
    [258] Luis Barba, Augustin Ortiz. A methodological approach to the study of archaeological remains in urban contexts. Archaeological Prospection, 2001.
    [259] Lyons, Thomas R. and Mathien, Frances Joan editors, "Cultural Resources Remote Sensing. " 1980.
    [260] Madry, Scott, "GIS and Remote Sensing for Archaeology: Burgundy, France."2004.
    [261] Marilyn Brown. Aerial survey and designed landscapes in Scotland: detection and documentation. Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001.
    [262] Martin Gojda. Aerial Archaeology in Central Europe: Current State of the Czech Project. In: International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology.pp 65-67.
    [263] MATSUMOTO, S. Introduction to the International Space Archaeology Programme.UNESCO Space Archaeology Newsletter, Vol. 1/No. 1, UNESCO 1996.
    [264] Maurizio Forte. The reconstruction of the archaeological landscape: remote sensing, mindscapes and virtual reality. International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. Beijing: 2004. 10.
    
    [265] Mehrer, M., GIS and Archaeological Site Location Modeling. 2005.
    [266] Michael Doneus, Alois Eder-Hinterleitner, Wolfgang Neubauer.Archaeological Prospect ion in Austria. Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001.
    [267] Michael Doneus, Christian Mayer. GIS-based archiving of aerial photographs and archaeological sites. Archaeological Prospection, 2001.
    [268] Michael Doneus, Nives Doneus, Wolfgang Neubauer. Integrated archaeological interpretation of combined prospection data. Archaeological Prospection,2001.
    [269] Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, Kingdom of Cambodia; UNESCO. Synthesis Report on the Zoning and Environmental Management of Angkor within the Siem Reap Region. Phnom Penh, UNESCO 1994.
    [270] Miyatsuka, Y., K. Uno, K. Sakamoto, Archaeological Visualization for Yangtze River Civilization in China, 2002, ISPRS Commission V, WG V/6.
    [271] Nigel Cassidy. Near-surface archaeological ground penetrating radar:modeling and interpretation. Archaeological Prospection, 2001.
    [272] Niknami,Kamal Aldin. Application of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) for the Study of Prehistoric Archaeological Site Location: Case Study from Garrangu River Basin, North western Iran: a Preliminary Report. In: International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. pp 208-215.
    [273] Norbert Buthmann, Martin Posselt, Benno Zickgraf. Integrated geophysical survey in the Alqueva reservoir project-Rio Guadiana, Alentejo, Portugal.Archaeological Prospect ion, 2001
    [274] Paker, S. and. Johnson, I., 1986, Geography Information Systems in Cultural Resource Management, in American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Proceedings of Geographic Information Systems Workshop, Held in Atlanta, Georgia April 1-4.
    [275] PANNETIER, A. Space Topo-mapping, 1:50, 000 Scale: Cornerstone of Development Planning. In: Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to Development Proceedings of the ESCAP/ADB Seminar. Manila, Philippines, 1992.
    [276] Paul Diener; Donald Nonini; Eugege E. Robkin,Man, New Series,Vol.15, (Mar. 1980), 1-31.
    [277] PAULSSON, B. Urban Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing and GIS Analysis.Urban Management and the Environment Series: Paper 9. Urban Management Program. The World Bank, Washington, D. C., 1992.
    [278] Peter Ferschin, Patricia Hecher, Manfred Kandler, Wolfgang Neubauer.Virtual Reality Reconstruction of the Roman Town Carnuntum/Austria.Archaeological Prospection, 2001.
    [279] Pietro Alessandro Brivio, Monica Pepe, Roberto Tomasoni. Multispectral and multiscale remote sensing data for archaeological prospecting in an alpine alluvial plain. Remote Sensing Department, IRRS-CNR, Milan, Italy.
    [280] QIKAWA, A. Japanese Archaeological Site Databases and Data Visualization.In: P. Reilly and S. Rahtz(eds), Archaeology and the Information Age: A Global Perspective.RoutLedge,1992.
    [281] Redman, C. L. (1999). Human Impact on Ancient Environments. Tucson,University of Arizona Press. pp 3-14.
    [282] REILLY, P. ;RAHTZ, S. Introduction: Archaeology and the Information Age. In:P. Reilly and S. Rahtz(eds). Archaeology and the Information Age: A Global Perspective . Routledge, 1992.
    [283] Renfrew, Colin and Bahn, Paul, "Archaeology Theories, Methods and Practice. " 1998.
    [284] RICHARDS, J. The Stonehenge Environs Project, Historic Building and Monuments Commission for England Archaeological Report 16, English Heritage,London, 1990.
    
    [285] Rivett, Paul, "Conceptual data modeling in an archaeological GIS. " 1997.
    [286] Roberts, N. 1998. The Holocene: an Environmental History, 2nd Edition.Blackwell, Oxford.
    [287] Robinson H. 1993. The Archaeological Implications of a Computerized Integrated National Heritage Information System. In: Andress et al. (eds), Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology.Aarbus University Press, pp 140-145.
    [288] Ronald Blom, Donglas Comer, Anthony Freeman, et al., Application of remote sensing and GIS to archaeology: Examples from diverse environments.International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. Beijing. 2004. 10.
    [289] Rue D J. 1987, Early agriculture and early post classic Maya occupation in Honduras. Nature, 326: 285-286.
    [290] Sarah Parcak. Finding New Archaeological Sites in Egypt Using Satellite Remote Sensing: Case Studies from Middle Egypt and the Delta. In:International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. pp 136-140.
    [291] Schmidt Jr., Martin F., "Maryland' s Geology. " 1997.
    [292] Semeraro,G. 1993. The Excavation Archive: An Integrated System for the Management of Cartographic and Alphanumeric Data. In: Andresen et al. (eds)Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology.Aarbus University Press, pp 205-211.
    [293] Sherbinin, Alex de et al., "A CIESIN Thematic Guide to Social Science Applications of Remote Sensing. " 2002.
    [294] Spikins, Penny, "GIS Models of Past Vegetation: An Example from Northern England, 10, 000-5000 BP. " 1999.
    [295] SUNDARA RAJAN,M. Data from Satellites. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for Natural Resource Management . ADB Environment Paper No. 9. Manila, Philippines. Asian Development Bank, 1991.
    [296] UNESCO 1993. Conservation and restoration of selected monuments in Hue city:Evaluation of Project 536-VIE-71.UNESCO.
    [297] UNESCO 1995a. Eighth Session of the Working Group for the safeguarding of the Hue Monuments and World Heritage Site: Final Report. Hue UNESCO Working Group. UNESCO.
    [298] UNESCO 1995b. Final Report: Workshop on sustainable tourism development in World Heritage Sites Planning for Hue. Hue, Viet Nam, 3-6 May 1995. UNESCO.
    [299] UNESCO. Conventions and Recommendations of UNESCO concerning the protection of cultural heritage. UNESCO, 1983.
    [300] UNESCO; Ministry of Information and Culture, Lao PDR 1998.Champasak Heritage Management Plan. Bangkok, UNESCO.
    [301] Van Leusen, P. 1995. GIS and Archaeological Resource Management: a European Agenda. In: G.Lock and Z. Stancic (eds), Archaeology and Geographic Information Systems. Taylor and Francis. pp 29-31.
    [302] Weiss H, County M A, Wetterstrom W et al. 1993, The genesis and collapse of third millennium north Mesopotamian civilization. Science, 261:995-1004.
    [303] Wescott, Konnie, and Brandon, R. J. 2000. Practical applications of GIS for archaeologists: a predictive modeling toolkit. London; Philadelphia: Taylor& Francis.
    [304] Westervelt, James D., and Reetz, Harold F. 2000. GIS in site-specific agriculture. Danville, I11: Interstate Publishers Mann Library.
    [305] Wheatley, David, and Gillings, Mark. 2002. Spatial technology and archaeology: the archaeological applications of GIS. London; New York:Taylor & Francis.
    [306] Wolfgang Boehler, Guido Heinz, Gong Qiming, Yin Shenping. The Progress in Satellite Imaging and Its Application to Archaeological Documentation during the Last Decade. In: International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology.pp 41-54.
    [307] Wood J. and Chapman G., 1992. Three-dimensional Computer Visualization of Historic Building With Particular Reference to Reconstruction Modelling. In:P. Reilly and S. Rahtz(eds), Archaeology and the Information Age: A Global Perspective. Rout ledge, pp 124-126.
    [308] Yao Meng, Zheng ShiJun. 3D Reconstructing, Rendering and Displaying of Cultural Relics Based on Modelling. In: International Conference on Remote Sensing Archaeology. 2004: 191-194.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700