广西马尾松采脂林综合经营技术及其产业化模式研究
|
摘要
广西马尾松采脂林经营以及松脂产业发展具有较强的优势,但是也存在不少的困难和问题。在这样的背景下,开展马尾松采脂林综合经营技术及其产业化模式研究,为马尾松定向培育和采脂林可持续经营提供理论依据和技术支持,主要研究成果如下:
1、采脂对马尾松林分生长有一定抑制作用。采用40%和50%割面负荷率分别对15a、20a和25a生马尾松林分进行采脂,与非采脂林分相比,采脂林分胸径年平均生长量下降14.9%～41.3%,树高年平均生长量下降7.5%～18.9%,材积年平均生长量下降12.3%～36.2%;各林龄林分胸径和材积年平均生长量以及中龄林的树高年平均生长量下降幅度均随着割面负荷率增大而增大,但近成熟龄林分的树高生长量下降幅度不明显。
2、气温是影响马尾松产脂量的主要气象因子,马尾松产脂量随气温变化规律十分明显,一般情况下,马尾松产脂量随着气温的升高而增加。降雨量和日照时数对马尾松产脂量影响没有气温影响那样明显,但保证一定的降雨量可有效地提高马尾松林内相对温度,降低松脂凝固速度,有利于提高松脂流动速度达到增产目的;在降雨量基本一致的前提下,日照时数增加有利于提高松脂产量。
3、胸径是影响马尾松采脂林产脂量重要测树因子,产脂量随着胸径的增大而增大;不同林龄的林分,胸径对产脂量影响程度不同。树高对马尾松采脂林产脂量的影响没有胸径影响那样明显,其对产脂量影响间接体现在冠高比这个冈子上,同一林龄林分,产脂量随着冠高比增加而增大。林木冠幅和树冠面积对产脂量影响明显,产脂量往往随着冠幅和树冠面积的增大而增大。影响马尾松采脂林产脂量的测树因子不是单一的,而是综合作用的结果,胸径和冠高比互补效应影响产脂量的规律明显。
4、施肥对成过熟龄马尾松低产脂林分产脂量提高作用不大,而对近成熟龄马尾松低产脂林的产脂量增产效果显著。另外,研究发现施肥有利于对遭受马尾松松毛虫危害而形成的低产脂林分恢复生长,适当增加N素,更有利于马尾松针叶恢复生长,从而增强光合作用,提高泌脂能力。
5、林分密度是影响马尾松产脂量的重要因素。林分单位面积产脂量开始是随着密度增大而增加,产脂量达到最大值后,随着密度的增大而减少;年平均单株产脂量随着密度的增大而减少。在松脂主产区,成熟龄的马尾松采脂林保留600株/hm~2～700株/hm~2的经营密度,林分单位面积产脂量高且经营经济效益好。
6、割面负荷率对马尾松采脂林产脂量影响差异显著,同一林龄和同一密度下,林分单位面积产脂量随着割面负荷率的增大而增加;随着林龄增大,割面负荷率对产脂量影响程度逐渐减少。采割间隔期越短,越有利于松脂分泌,同一林龄和同一林分密度下,林分单位面积产脂量随着采割间隔期的增大而减少;随着林龄增大,采割间隔期对产脂量影响程度逐步减少。中龄林采用40%割面负荷率隔天割,近、成熟林采用50%割面负荷率隔天割的采脂方法,不但可以降低采脂劳动强度,获得较好的经济效益,而且可以节约林木割面,延长采脂经营年限。
7、利用马尾松林木胸径预测不同采脂方法的产脂量取得满意效果。采用幂函数模型和s型曲线模型,可获得预测较高精度。首次利用上述模型编制出松脂主产区桂东南马尾松采脂林6种不同采脂方法的单株单刀产脂量收获表。
8、40a生马尾松采脂林,在一定经营期内无论从静态或动态上看,林分经营收益都是随着采脂年限增加而增大。40a生马尾松林分经营采脂16a与同龄非采脂林分相比,采脂林分的静态经营净收益比非采脂林分增加47.6%,采脂林分的内部收益率比非采脂林分增加1.16个百分点。
9、针对广西实际首次提出广西马尾松采脂林产业化发展的四种模式:林脂完全一体化、林脂部分一体化、林脂雉形一体化和林脂准一体化。上述模式运营后具有广阔前景:有利于抑制松脂原料市场供应无序竞争局面,并可有计划、有目的地科学采脂,集约经营和定向培育;有利于建立松脂产业新型利益分配机制;有利于松脂加工企业降低原料市场交易成本。这对于推进广西马尾松采脂林可持续经营和松脂产业可持续发展意义重大。
It can be said that the operation of resin-tapping p.massoniana forest and resin industry have relatively strong advantages and potential for development in Guangxi.On the other hand,there is also a lot of difficulties and problems.Under such circumstance,how to run the resin-tapping p.massoniana forest properly and how to promote the sustainable development of resin industry in Guangxi is an urgent and important issue to be solved.The study provides a theoretical basis and technical support mining methods and technology for a direction to forest p.massoniana and sustainable management.The main research results are as follows:
1.P.massoniana stands of tree tapping must have inhibited the use of growth.40%and 50%load rate cut surface of 15a,20a and 25a of health p.massoniana stands for resin tapping,tree tapping DBH stands an average annual growth of 14.9%～41.3%decline in tree growth,an average annual tree height growth of 7.5%～18.9%decline in tree growth and wood volume an average annual growth of 12.3%～36.2%decline in tree growth.the same stand age,diameter at breast height and volume growth and height growth in the average age of senior forest tree decline in the average growth rate with increasing load rate cut noodle large and increasing,but the ripe age of stands near the tree height growth decline was not obvious.
2.Temperature are the main climatic factors on affecting resin yield of p.massoniana stands.The resin yield of tapping tree in p.massoniana changes with temperature,which is very clear.General speaking,the production of resin increases as the temperature increases.The effect of rainfall and sunshine hours on resin yield of p.massoniana is not so obvious as that of the temperature,but to ensure that the rainfall must improve to be effective in pine forest in the relative temperature,reduce the solidification rate of the resin is conducive to improve the flow rate of resin and come to the production purpose.The number of hours of sunshine mutual influence rainfall,and the increasing of the sunshine hours will help improve resin production when the rainfall is basically the same as before.
3.Diameter at breast height is the important factors on affecting resin yield of p.massoniana stands.The output of the resin increased with the increasing of diameter at breast height;different age stands,diameter at breast height on the resin production of the impact of varying levels of resin.The impact of the tree height to the resin yield is not so significant as the diameter at breast height,and its impact on the resin yield is indirectly reflected in the live crown high on this factor.In the same age, the output of the resin increases with the increasing of crown height ratio.The impact of the tree canopy and the crown on the output of the resin is obvious,and the output of the resin increases by increasing of the tree canopy and the area of crown.It is said that the output of the resin is the result of the comprehension.The principle of the mutual impact of diameter at breast height and live tree crown heigth is significant,which effects on the output of the resin in different tree age stands.
4.The fertilization to mature trees of the low-resin-yield has no great effect in resin production, however,it opposites to the trees close to the mature.In order to get great benefits,the owner of the resin trees should have a good knowledge of the fertilization and take measure to improve the output. In addition,the study found that fertilization is good to the growth of the low-resin-yield trees stands which are suffering from the harmful insects.It is better to recovery and growth of the p.massoniana's leaves to add N.
5.We know that the impact of forest stand density is the main factor of the crown development of the production,it also affects the resin yield of p.massoniana's tree tapping.The resin yield increases as the density increases,when the production capacity of resin comes to the maximum,it reduces as the density increases,but the average yield per plant in resin increases with the reduction in density. In the main resin producing area,the ripe age of p.massoniana's tapping retains 600/hm~2～700/hm~2 operating density,resin productivity per unit area stands high economic efficiency and good business.
6.According to the general study of the p.massoniana's tapping techniques,it points out that the cut surface loading rate of p.massoniana tree tapping is significantly affected in resin production.In the same age and density,with loading rate of tree tapping increasing,the resin yield increases.The study found that the cut surface loading rate had a great effect on resin production,young trees are more sensible than the old ones.The shorter the cut interval,the more resin secretion.In the same age and density,production of resin reduces with the interval cut increasing.The study also found that interval cut also affects resin yield,young trees are more sensible than the old ones.Based on the findings at the first p.massoniana's tree tapping,the use of medium-aged forest with 40%cut surface loading rate cut every two days and the use of nearly-mature forest with 50%cut surface loading rate cut every two days not only can reduce the labor intensity of tree tapping and gain better economic efficiency, but also can save trees cut surface,and extend tree tapping operating life.
7.It results a conclusion like this on studying,the resin yield depends on diameter at breast height,and the results are satisfied with our target in diffferent operations method.Using the Com pound model and S-type model,the resin yield gets higher prediction accuracy.The first time,on the other hand,the table of resin yield prediction was have been figured in east-south area of GuangXi.
8.A analysis about its economic value onto resin-tapping p.massoniana forest.It causes more wealth while we obtain the rosin year and year in a certain operating time.The certain incomes of 40a and cut 16a resin-tapping p.massoniana forest will lead 47.6%more than that of the no-resin forest, while 1.16 percentage more income in the inner financial reports.
9.It takes an advantage to a scandle-run onto resin-tapping p.massoniana forest in Guangxi after a research and study,and it raises a model called 4- all for one,part for one and so on.Running the models over-called,the sources of rosin could be supplied currently,the peasants could plant the trees and obtain the rosin sequently schedually,the suppliers and manufacturers could share the vantages and lead a mutual-profit result,the costs of the manufacturers will be cut down,and the resources of rosin could be confirmed by the related offices.Thus,we can keep developing the rosin industries, obtain and keep a larger market in the international competition.
1、采脂对马尾松林分生长有一定抑制作用。采用40%和50%割面负荷率分别对15a、20a和25a生马尾松林分进行采脂,与非采脂林分相比,采脂林分胸径年平均生长量下降14.9%～41.3%,树高年平均生长量下降7.5%～18.9%,材积年平均生长量下降12.3%～36.2%;各林龄林分胸径和材积年平均生长量以及中龄林的树高年平均生长量下降幅度均随着割面负荷率增大而增大,但近成熟龄林分的树高生长量下降幅度不明显。
2、气温是影响马尾松产脂量的主要气象因子,马尾松产脂量随气温变化规律十分明显,一般情况下,马尾松产脂量随着气温的升高而增加。降雨量和日照时数对马尾松产脂量影响没有气温影响那样明显,但保证一定的降雨量可有效地提高马尾松林内相对温度,降低松脂凝固速度,有利于提高松脂流动速度达到增产目的;在降雨量基本一致的前提下,日照时数增加有利于提高松脂产量。
3、胸径是影响马尾松采脂林产脂量重要测树因子,产脂量随着胸径的增大而增大;不同林龄的林分,胸径对产脂量影响程度不同。树高对马尾松采脂林产脂量的影响没有胸径影响那样明显,其对产脂量影响间接体现在冠高比这个冈子上,同一林龄林分,产脂量随着冠高比增加而增大。林木冠幅和树冠面积对产脂量影响明显,产脂量往往随着冠幅和树冠面积的增大而增大。影响马尾松采脂林产脂量的测树因子不是单一的,而是综合作用的结果,胸径和冠高比互补效应影响产脂量的规律明显。
4、施肥对成过熟龄马尾松低产脂林分产脂量提高作用不大,而对近成熟龄马尾松低产脂林的产脂量增产效果显著。另外,研究发现施肥有利于对遭受马尾松松毛虫危害而形成的低产脂林分恢复生长,适当增加N素,更有利于马尾松针叶恢复生长,从而增强光合作用,提高泌脂能力。
5、林分密度是影响马尾松产脂量的重要因素。林分单位面积产脂量开始是随着密度增大而增加,产脂量达到最大值后,随着密度的增大而减少;年平均单株产脂量随着密度的增大而减少。在松脂主产区,成熟龄的马尾松采脂林保留600株/hm~2～700株/hm~2的经营密度,林分单位面积产脂量高且经营经济效益好。
6、割面负荷率对马尾松采脂林产脂量影响差异显著,同一林龄和同一密度下,林分单位面积产脂量随着割面负荷率的增大而增加;随着林龄增大,割面负荷率对产脂量影响程度逐渐减少。采割间隔期越短,越有利于松脂分泌,同一林龄和同一林分密度下,林分单位面积产脂量随着采割间隔期的增大而减少;随着林龄增大,采割间隔期对产脂量影响程度逐步减少。中龄林采用40%割面负荷率隔天割,近、成熟林采用50%割面负荷率隔天割的采脂方法,不但可以降低采脂劳动强度,获得较好的经济效益,而且可以节约林木割面,延长采脂经营年限。
7、利用马尾松林木胸径预测不同采脂方法的产脂量取得满意效果。采用幂函数模型和s型曲线模型,可获得预测较高精度。首次利用上述模型编制出松脂主产区桂东南马尾松采脂林6种不同采脂方法的单株单刀产脂量收获表。
8、40a生马尾松采脂林,在一定经营期内无论从静态或动态上看,林分经营收益都是随着采脂年限增加而增大。40a生马尾松林分经营采脂16a与同龄非采脂林分相比,采脂林分的静态经营净收益比非采脂林分增加47.6%,采脂林分的内部收益率比非采脂林分增加1.16个百分点。
9、针对广西实际首次提出广西马尾松采脂林产业化发展的四种模式:林脂完全一体化、林脂部分一体化、林脂雉形一体化和林脂准一体化。上述模式运营后具有广阔前景:有利于抑制松脂原料市场供应无序竞争局面,并可有计划、有目的地科学采脂,集约经营和定向培育;有利于建立松脂产业新型利益分配机制;有利于松脂加工企业降低原料市场交易成本。这对于推进广西马尾松采脂林可持续经营和松脂产业可持续发展意义重大。
It can be said that the operation of resin-tapping p.massoniana forest and resin industry have relatively strong advantages and potential for development in Guangxi.On the other hand,there is also a lot of difficulties and problems.Under such circumstance,how to run the resin-tapping p.massoniana forest properly and how to promote the sustainable development of resin industry in Guangxi is an urgent and important issue to be solved.The study provides a theoretical basis and technical support mining methods and technology for a direction to forest p.massoniana and sustainable management.The main research results are as follows:
1.P.massoniana stands of tree tapping must have inhibited the use of growth.40%and 50%load rate cut surface of 15a,20a and 25a of health p.massoniana stands for resin tapping,tree tapping DBH stands an average annual growth of 14.9%～41.3%decline in tree growth,an average annual tree height growth of 7.5%～18.9%decline in tree growth and wood volume an average annual growth of 12.3%～36.2%decline in tree growth.the same stand age,diameter at breast height and volume growth and height growth in the average age of senior forest tree decline in the average growth rate with increasing load rate cut noodle large and increasing,but the ripe age of stands near the tree height growth decline was not obvious.
2.Temperature are the main climatic factors on affecting resin yield of p.massoniana stands.The resin yield of tapping tree in p.massoniana changes with temperature,which is very clear.General speaking,the production of resin increases as the temperature increases.The effect of rainfall and sunshine hours on resin yield of p.massoniana is not so obvious as that of the temperature,but to ensure that the rainfall must improve to be effective in pine forest in the relative temperature,reduce the solidification rate of the resin is conducive to improve the flow rate of resin and come to the production purpose.The number of hours of sunshine mutual influence rainfall,and the increasing of the sunshine hours will help improve resin production when the rainfall is basically the same as before.
3.Diameter at breast height is the important factors on affecting resin yield of p.massoniana stands.The output of the resin increased with the increasing of diameter at breast height;different age stands,diameter at breast height on the resin production of the impact of varying levels of resin.The impact of the tree height to the resin yield is not so significant as the diameter at breast height,and its impact on the resin yield is indirectly reflected in the live crown high on this factor.In the same age, the output of the resin increases with the increasing of crown height ratio.The impact of the tree canopy and the crown on the output of the resin is obvious,and the output of the resin increases by increasing of the tree canopy and the area of crown.It is said that the output of the resin is the result of the comprehension.The principle of the mutual impact of diameter at breast height and live tree crown heigth is significant,which effects on the output of the resin in different tree age stands.
4.The fertilization to mature trees of the low-resin-yield has no great effect in resin production, however,it opposites to the trees close to the mature.In order to get great benefits,the owner of the resin trees should have a good knowledge of the fertilization and take measure to improve the output. In addition,the study found that fertilization is good to the growth of the low-resin-yield trees stands which are suffering from the harmful insects.It is better to recovery and growth of the p.massoniana's leaves to add N.
5.We know that the impact of forest stand density is the main factor of the crown development of the production,it also affects the resin yield of p.massoniana's tree tapping.The resin yield increases as the density increases,when the production capacity of resin comes to the maximum,it reduces as the density increases,but the average yield per plant in resin increases with the reduction in density. In the main resin producing area,the ripe age of p.massoniana's tapping retains 600/hm~2～700/hm~2 operating density,resin productivity per unit area stands high economic efficiency and good business.
6.According to the general study of the p.massoniana's tapping techniques,it points out that the cut surface loading rate of p.massoniana tree tapping is significantly affected in resin production.In the same age and density,with loading rate of tree tapping increasing,the resin yield increases.The study found that the cut surface loading rate had a great effect on resin production,young trees are more sensible than the old ones.The shorter the cut interval,the more resin secretion.In the same age and density,production of resin reduces with the interval cut increasing.The study also found that interval cut also affects resin yield,young trees are more sensible than the old ones.Based on the findings at the first p.massoniana's tree tapping,the use of medium-aged forest with 40%cut surface loading rate cut every two days and the use of nearly-mature forest with 50%cut surface loading rate cut every two days not only can reduce the labor intensity of tree tapping and gain better economic efficiency, but also can save trees cut surface,and extend tree tapping operating life.
7.It results a conclusion like this on studying,the resin yield depends on diameter at breast height,and the results are satisfied with our target in diffferent operations method.Using the Com pound model and S-type model,the resin yield gets higher prediction accuracy.The first time,on the other hand,the table of resin yield prediction was have been figured in east-south area of GuangXi.
8.A analysis about its economic value onto resin-tapping p.massoniana forest.It causes more wealth while we obtain the rosin year and year in a certain operating time.The certain incomes of 40a and cut 16a resin-tapping p.massoniana forest will lead 47.6%more than that of the no-resin forest, while 1.16 percentage more income in the inner financial reports.
9.It takes an advantage to a scandle-run onto resin-tapping p.massoniana forest in Guangxi after a research and study,and it raises a model called 4- all for one,part for one and so on.Running the models over-called,the sources of rosin could be supplied currently,the peasants could plant the trees and obtain the rosin sequently schedually,the suppliers and manufacturers could share the vantages and lead a mutual-profit result,the costs of the manufacturers will be cut down,and the resources of rosin could be confirmed by the related offices.Thus,we can keep developing the rosin industries, obtain and keep a larger market in the international competition.
引文
[1]安藤贵.同龄单层林密度管理的生态学研究[J].林业试验研究报告,1968,2(10):1-5.
[2]安徽农学院.马尾松[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1982.
[3]北京林学院.森林利用学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1994.
[4]北京林学院主编.森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1985.
[5]保罗,萨缪尔斯、威廉·诺的豪斯[美],萧琛等译.经济学(第十原版)[M].北京:华夏出版社,2002:6-11、27-30.
[6]曹华.中国人工用材林规模化经营研究[D].北京林业大学博士学位论文,2007.6.
[7]成子纯、曾思齐.马尾松水保林经营模式与经营数表研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[8]陈美高.不同密度下马尾松生长过程的研究[J].中国西部科技,2006,29:41-42
[9]除向宇.皖东丘陵马尾松人工林生长规律探讨[J].安徽农业大学学报,1996,23(3):251-255
[10]漆良华.湖南省马尾松播林综合经营技术研究[D].中南林学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[11]崔佰新.皖东丘陵马尾松人工林经营密度管理图的编制[J].江苏林业科技,2000,27(2):251-255.
[12]成子纯、陈礼、王广兴等.马尾松经营体系模型系统[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1991.
[13]蔡树威、龙伟、杨章旗.马尾松不同种源采脂量与树体因子关系的研究[J].广西林业科学,2006,35(增刊).
[14]陈杰林、秦采凤等.河南马尾松采脂量与树体因子关系的研究[J].河南林业科技,1999,19(4).
[15]陈祖洪等.采脂间隔期对马尾松产脂量影响的试验初探[J].广西林业科学,2001,30(3).
[16]陈金明.松树增脂剂应用效果分析[J].福建林业科技,2004,31(1):38-41.
[17]陈元德.闽北杉木马尾松人工林林价的测算与探讨[J].福建林业科技,2006,33(3):201-206。
[18]陈世清、甄学宁、陈义刚.松脂资源资产评估方法初探[J].广东林业科技,2002,18(4):36-39。
[19]陈高杰等.马尾松速生丰产林经营效益分析研究(J).林业科学研究,2001,14(4)388-395.
[20]陈鸿婷、谢善高.松香企业垂直一体化成本与收益分析[J].绿色财会,2006,(9):15-17.
[21]丁贵杰等.马尾松纸浆用材林培育与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[22]丁贵杰、周政贤.马尾松不同造林密度和不同利用方式经济效果分析[J].南京林业大学学报,1996,20(2):24-28.
[23]丁贵杰.马尾松人工林密度变化规律和密度调控模型研究[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1997,3:8-14。
[24]丁贵杰.贵州马尾松人工建筑材林合理采伐年龄研究[J].林业科学,1998,34(3):40-45.
[25]丁贵杰等.贵州马尾松建筑材林优化栽培模式研究(J).林业科学,2000,3,69-74.
[26]戴维娜等.马尾松地理种源试验及优良种源选择研究[J].广西林业科技,1991,20(1):15-22
[27]傅玉狮.马尾松种源、林分、家系三层次遗传变异初步研究[J].福建林业科技,1991,183):1-6.
[28]高智慧.浙江省马尾松速生丰产用材林经济效益分析与评估[J].浙江林业科技,1994,14(2):36-40.
[29]郭晋平、陆兆苏.杉木经济成熟龄确定方法的研究[J].华东森林经理,1989,3(4):1-3.
[30]郭清和,康文星.湖南省马尾松林公益效能的经济评估(J).中南林学院学报,2005,6:1-4.
[31]龚益广,钱志能.广东省马尾松经济成熟龄的初探(J).林业调查规划,2005,Oct.30(5):15-17.
[32]耿玉德.林业产业化研究[D].东北林业大学博士论文,2002.
[33]洪伟、吴承祯.马尾松人工林经营模式及其应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[34]洪信谱、高方彬等.湖北省马尾松人工林林分密度管理图编制方法探讨[J].华中农业大学学报,1991,10(4):383-389.
[35]洪伟、郑蓉等.马尾松人工林生长动态预测与密度决策的支持模型研究[J].福建林学院学报,1996,16(3):193-199.
[36]胡芳名等.中国主要经济树种栽培与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[37]胡明行、邱俊齐等.正算法与倒算法林价差额的森林环境价值分析[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版),2003(4):18-21.
[38]黄家荣.马尾松人工林生长的人工神经网络模型研究[D].北京林业大学博士学位论文,2005.
[39]蒋海,苏志尧,先锋.推进我国林业产业化的思考[J].河北林果研究,1998,24(1):3-10.
[40]江希钿等.马尾松造纸原料林经济成熟的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(2):46-50.
[41]江希钿等.马尾松造纸原料林生长收获预估模型的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2001,21(1):1-5.
[42]姜启源编.数学模型[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
[43]金大刚.面对现代林业的森林经济理论与实践[J].中南林业调查规划,2001,20(增刊):48-54.
[44]亢新刚.森林资源经营管理[M],北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[45]孔凡斌.商品林市场化经营与政府管理职能改革[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):54-58.
[46]李民.中国农业产业化经营[M].北京:企业管理出版社,1997,9-25.
[47]林建鹏.战略管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005,55-58.
[48]林凤鸣.国外林业产业政策[M]北京:中国林业出版社,1996,5.
[49]林启龙.采脂对高海拔松树生长和效益的影响分析[J].林业建设,2007,1:23-25.
[50]廖彬森.不同整地和施肥方式对马尾松幼林生长及其效益的影响[J].林业勘察设计,2006,2,26-29.
[51]梁有祥.马尾松高产脂优树选择[J].广西林业科学,2004,33(4):214-216.
[52]梁一池、蔡邦平.马尾松产脂力的最优拟合模型[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):297-300.
[53]梁星权.森林分类经营[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[54]梁瑞龙、蒙福祥等.马尾松(桐棉种源)造林密度试验研究初报[J].广西林业科学,1996,25(1):22-25.
[55]梁庆松等.马尾松优良家系再选择研究[J].林业科技开发,1999,(3):22-23.
[56]刘景芳.编制林分密度管理图研究报告[J].林业科学,1980,16(4):241-251.
[57]刘景芳、童书振.杉木林经营新技术[J].世界林业研究,1996,9:46-64.
[58]刘祥义等.采脂新方法——钻孔采脂[J].林产化工通讯,2003,37(3).
[59]刘祖法.建设松脂原料林基地工程的思考[J].中国林业,2004,10:34.
[60]刘金福、洪伟等.马尾松人工林密度效应模型研究[J].西南林学院学报,1998,18(3):148-152.
[61]吕郁彪.马尾松造纸原料林主伐年龄的研究[J].中南林业部调查规划,1997,26(2):19-21.
[62]吕郁彪、金大刚.广西公益林生态效益补偿研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(3):53-56.
[63]吕勇.马尾松水保林的密度管理[J].湖北林业科技,1996,2:25-29.
[64]雷功炎编著.数学模型讲义[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[65]李开平.森林经济成熟的理论探讨[J].林业经济,1992,3:47-49.
[66]李凤日.兴安落叶松天然林直径分布及产量预测模型的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1987,15(4):8-15.
[67]李凤日,蒋伊,刘光刚.广义korf生长方程的推导及其应用[J].林业资源管理,1997(特):212-216.
[68]栗子安.中国的松香、松节油[J].林化科技通讯,1985,11:1-3.
[69]罗江滨,陈平留,陈新心.森林资源资产评估[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[70]孟宪宇主编.测树学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996:267-295.
[71]迈克尔,波特著.陈小悦译.国家竞争优势[M]北京:华夏出版社,2002,8.
[72]农华.国外农业产业化发展经验及其对中国的启示[J].中国人民大学复印报刊资料1994(4):189-191.
[73]牛若峰.当代农业产业一体化经营研究[M].南昌:江西人民出版社,2002,23-24.
[74]彭星闾,肖春阳.市场与农业生产化[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2004:14-18.
[75]彭龙福,李谋窕,叶世坚.40年生马尾松人工林经济效益分析研究(J).林业经济问题,2000,8:251-254.
[76]全国马尾松地理种源试验协作组.马尾松种源变异及种源区划分的研究[J].亚热带林业科技,1987,(4):11-13.
[77]漆良华.湖南省马尾松播林综合经营技术研究[D].中南林学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[78]齐新民,丁贵杰.马尾松纸浆材林优化栽培密度经济分析(J).中南林学院学报,2001,6:13-17.
[79]秦国峰,周志春等.马尾松造纸材最优产地的确定[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(3):266-271.
[80]秦国峰,周志春.马尾松速生丰产林不同培育目标的适宜造林密度[J].林业科学研究,1999,12(6):620-627.
[81]秦国峰,鄢振武等.马尾松施肥对林木生长效应[J].浙江林业科技,2000,20(1):52-55
[82]覃冀,连辉明.高产脂马尾松半同胞子代20年生测定林产脂力分析[J].广东林业科技,2005,21(2):30-34.
[83]钱滕.人工林地租、林价和交易技术模式的研究[D].北京林业大学博士论文,2004.
[84]邱俊齐.林业经济学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[85]宋湛谦.对广西松脂产业发展的几点思考[J].林业科技管理,2001,4:37-40.
[86]唐守正.广西大青山马尾松全林整体生长模型及应用[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(增):11-13.
[87]田天雄.黔中地区马尾松林抚育间伐技术研究阶段报告[J].贵州农学字丛刊,第四集(马尾松),1984:47-52.
[88]田明华,陈建成.中国森林资源管理变革趋势:市场化研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[89]唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林施肥效应研究[J].中南林学院学,2006,26(1):12-18.
[90]韦元荣等.广西派阳山林场马尾松高产林调查研究[J].广西林业科技,1981,(3):26-31.
[91]温佐吾,谢双喜等.马尾松造林密度试验阶段报告[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1997,36(3):44-50.
[92]温佐吾,谢双喜等.不同造林技术措施对马尾松幼林生长的影响研究[J].林业科学,1998.34(6):39-49.
[93]王鹏程,刘梁友等.运用动态规划进行湖北省太子山马尾松纸浆林密度调控[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(4):382-386.
[94]王鹏程等.湖北省马尾松纸浆林主伐年龄的确定[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(2):168-172.
[95]王长新.马尾松采脂量的相关因子分析[J].河南科技大学学报,2004,24(3).
[96]汪炳根,卢立华等.马尾松近熟林施肥效应效益初步研究(J).林业科学研究,1996,9:93-98
[97]吴中伦.中国松属的分类与分布[J].植物学报,1956,5(3).
[98]吴承祯,李建光等.闽北马尾松造纸原料林密度调节的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1998,18(4):298-300.
[99]吴承祯,洪伟等.造纸原料林序列林价及其应用研究[J].福建林学院学报,1999,19(1).
[100]谢双喜,温佐吾等.贵州马尾松天然次生林改造及培育措施[J].贵州农学院丛刊,(马尾松Ⅳ),1997:101-104.
[101]谢双喜,彭贵.不同保留密度对马尾松天然林生长的影响[J].辽宁林业科技,2001,5:17-19.
[102]谢双喜,彭贵.马尾松天然次生林密度调控生长时效性的初步研究[J].江苏林业科技,2002,29(3):12-14.
[103]谢善高,郑小贤等.不同采脂方法对马尾松采脂林产脂量影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009.4.
[104]谢善高,郑小贤等.马尾松采脂林产脂量密度效应初步研究[J].福建林业科技,2009.1.
[105]谢善高,郑小贤.用参与式理论指导和加快广西松脂产业发展探究[J].河北农业科学,2009.1.
[106]杨章旗等.广西马尾松遗传改良进程及未来发展方向[J].广西林业科学,1994,23(1):41-45.
[107]杨章旗,梁端龙、蒙福祥.广西马尾松用材林速生丰产技术研究[J].广西林业科学,1996,25(1):1-8.
[108]杨章旗,韦元荣、何裕泽.马尾松速生丰产林综合标准[J].广西林业科学,1998,27.
[109]杨锦昌等.马尾松人工林直径分布收获模型及其应用研究[J].林业科学研究,2003,16(5):581-587.
[110]严仁发,杨世逸等.黔中马尾松人工林林分密度管理图编制与应用初报[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1984,4:115-122.
[111]尹泰龙.林分密度控制图的编制与应用[J].中国林业科学,1978,3:1-11.
[112]于政中.数量森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
[113]余昌茂.采脂资源变化与技术革新[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(1):79-83.
[114]曾令海,王业珊等.马尾松高产脂力类型的选择及子代测定的遗传评价[J].广东林业科技,1994,2:38-34.
[115]祝志勇,于建云.生态因子对马尾松产脂量的影响初探[J].华东森林经济,2002,16(3):35-37.
[116]周政贤.中国马尾松[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[117]周政贤.马尾松造林密度试验报告[J].贵州农学院丛刑,1984,4:36-46.
[118]朱玲、罗小荷.广东马尾松林分生长过程的研究[J].南昌高专学报,2005,1:97-107.
[119]朱炜等.马尾松胶合板用材林生长的密度效应[J].青海农林科技,2003,4:9-11.
[120]朱守谦.飞播马尾松林的生长特点和间伐[J].贵州农学院丛刊,第四集(马尾松),1984:53-60.
[121]庄金顺,刘良明.不同造林密度对培育马尾松造纸工艺林生长的影响[J].福建林业科技,1992,19(4):39-42.
[122]张少昂.兴安落叶松天然林林分生长模型和可变密度收获表的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1986,14(3):17-25.
[123]钟昌勇,陈海燕.浅谈广西松树采脂现状与对策[J].林产化工通讯,2003,37(4):13-15.
[124]张加研等.松树钻孔采脂法研究进展[J].西南林学字学报,2002,22(4):72-75.
[125]郑小贤.森林生态效益补偿与森林地租[J].林业资源管理,2002,2:53-58.
[126]郑小贤.试论林权与地租[J].林业资源管理,2002,3:7-9.
[127]郑小贤,刘东兰.国际森林可持续经营的新进展[J].中国标准化,2000(2):26-27.
[128]郑才平.天然马尾松林密度效应规律研究[J].福建林学院学报,1999,19(4):33-34.
[129]朱永清等.浙江省黄岩区发展林业产业化问题的思考[J].林业经济问题,1999(6).
[130]张智光等.江苏林业产业发展战略研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004,53-54.
[131]湛红辉,温恒辉.马尾松人工中龄林平衡施肥研究[J].广西林业科学,2005,34(4):170-174.
[132]湛红辉,温恒辉.马尾松人工中龄林施肥肥效与增益持续性研究[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(5):522-539
[133]Amateis.R.L.An approach to developing process-oriented growth and yield models[J].For.Ecol.Manage,1994,69:7-20.
[134]ALAN.W,HODGES.Commercialization of borehole gumresin procuction from sladh pine-part Ⅱ[J].Naval store Review,1995,4:4-8.
[135]Bailey.R.L,Ware.K.D.Compatible basal-area growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned stands[J].Can.J.For.Res,1983,13:563-571.
[136]Bailey.R.L,T.R.Dell.Quantifying diameter distributions with the weibull function[J].Forest Science,1973,19:97-104.
(137)Bailey.R.L.Computer promgram for quantifying diameter distributions with weibull function[J].Forest Science,1974,20:229.
(138)Boston.K,Sessions.T.Development of a spatial harvest scheduling system to promote the conservation between indigenous and exotic forests[J]International ForestyReview,2006,8(3):297～306.
(139)Bowersox T W.et al.Economic analysis of a shot-ration fiber production system for hybrid poplar.J.of For.,1976,(11):750～753.
(140)Chen.C.M,Rose.D.W,Leary.R.A.Derivation of optimal stand density overtime discrete strage,countinous state dynamic promgramming solution[J].Forest Science,1980,26(2):217～227.
(141)Clutter.J.L,Bennett.F.A.Diameter distribution in old-field slash pine plantations[M].Ga.For.Res.Counc.Rep.Nep,No.13,1965.
(142)Bennett.F.A,Clutter.T.L.Multiple-product yield estimates for unthinned slash pine plantations-pulp-wood[M].Sawtime.Gum,U.S.For.Serv.Res,1968.
(143)Freduccia.D.P.Yield of unthinned Loblolly Pine plantation on cutover site in the west sulfresion[M].USDA.For.Serv.Res,1979.
(144)Fanstmann.M.Berechung des worthes,welchem waldbaden sowie nacht haubare Holzbesande fur die weldwritschaft besitzen.Allgemeine Forest and Jagd Zeitung,1849,(25):441～449.
(145)Forestry Agency.Forestry Agency Japan Information of Forest owers' cooperatires,1998
(146)Grado S C,et al.Shot ration wood biomass plantation technical requirements and establishment Biomass,1989.17(4):227～289.
(147)Jose Antonio Prado,Clrlos Weber.Facilitating the Way for Implementaion of Sustentable Forest Management.The Case of Chile.UNFF intersessconal Experts Meeting on he Role of Planted Forests in Sustainable Forest Management[J].March,2003,New Zealand.24～30
(148)Kviberg.K,Craig.J.Woodhill Forest:a candidate for ecosystem management[J].Journal of the Royal society of New Zealand,2006,36(3):129～141.
(149)Kangas.A,Laukkanen.S,Kangas.J.Social choice theory and its applications in sustainable management～a review[J].Forest Policy and Economics,2006,9(1):77～92.
(150)Kimmins.J.P.Future shock in forestry[J].The forestry[J].chronicle,2002,78(2):263～271.
(151)Montes.F,Hernandez.M.J.Extended length rotationn to integrate timber and pine nut production with the conservation of structural diversity in a pinusPinea(L.)forest[J].Annds of Forest Science,2006,63(7):773～781.
(152)O'nel.R.V,Deaugelis.D.L.Dynamic Properties of forest ecosystem[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1981,411～419.
(153)Pulkrab.K.Economic effectiveness of sustainable forest management[J].Journal of Forest Science,2006,52(9):427-437.
[154]Pettenella.D,Secco.L.Small-scall forestry in the Italian Alps:form mass market to territorial marketing.Edited by Wall.S.J,Dublin.Irish Republic;National council for Forest Research and Development.2006:398-408.
[155]Silvertion.I.W.Introdection of plant population ecology[M].London and New York:longmao,1982:1-89.
[156]Sanolermann.w.天然树脂、松节油和木浆浮油化学和工艺学[M].王定选译,北京:中国林业出版社,1982.
[157]Song zhanQian.Production and reserch on gum oleoresin in china[J].Forest Chemicals Review,1999,(3):7-9.
[158]Sacramento.Economic Evaluation of Eucalyptus in Californian 1983(6):14-16.
[159]Sedjo RA.An economic assessment of industrial forest plantations.Forest ecology and management.1984,(4):245-257.
[160]Torior R G.optimum plantation planting density and ration age based on financial rise and return.For.Sci.1991,37(3):886-902.
[161]VINCET de LAPORTERIE,Les Derives Resiniques et Terpeniques(DRT).France.The EUROGEM project for oleoresin production[J].Forest Chemicals Review,1999(4):10-11.
[162]Yarie.J.D.阿拉斯加地区加拿大云杉林的生物量与生产力[J].Forest Reseseh,1983,5.,
[2]安徽农学院.马尾松[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1982.
[3]北京林学院.森林利用学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1994.
[4]北京林学院主编.森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1985.
[5]保罗,萨缪尔斯、威廉·诺的豪斯[美],萧琛等译.经济学(第十原版)[M].北京:华夏出版社,2002:6-11、27-30.
[6]曹华.中国人工用材林规模化经营研究[D].北京林业大学博士学位论文,2007.6.
[7]成子纯、曾思齐.马尾松水保林经营模式与经营数表研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[8]陈美高.不同密度下马尾松生长过程的研究[J].中国西部科技,2006,29:41-42
[9]除向宇.皖东丘陵马尾松人工林生长规律探讨[J].安徽农业大学学报,1996,23(3):251-255
[10]漆良华.湖南省马尾松播林综合经营技术研究[D].中南林学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[11]崔佰新.皖东丘陵马尾松人工林经营密度管理图的编制[J].江苏林业科技,2000,27(2):251-255.
[12]成子纯、陈礼、王广兴等.马尾松经营体系模型系统[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1991.
[13]蔡树威、龙伟、杨章旗.马尾松不同种源采脂量与树体因子关系的研究[J].广西林业科学,2006,35(增刊).
[14]陈杰林、秦采凤等.河南马尾松采脂量与树体因子关系的研究[J].河南林业科技,1999,19(4).
[15]陈祖洪等.采脂间隔期对马尾松产脂量影响的试验初探[J].广西林业科学,2001,30(3).
[16]陈金明.松树增脂剂应用效果分析[J].福建林业科技,2004,31(1):38-41.
[17]陈元德.闽北杉木马尾松人工林林价的测算与探讨[J].福建林业科技,2006,33(3):201-206。
[18]陈世清、甄学宁、陈义刚.松脂资源资产评估方法初探[J].广东林业科技,2002,18(4):36-39。
[19]陈高杰等.马尾松速生丰产林经营效益分析研究(J).林业科学研究,2001,14(4)388-395.
[20]陈鸿婷、谢善高.松香企业垂直一体化成本与收益分析[J].绿色财会,2006,(9):15-17.
[21]丁贵杰等.马尾松纸浆用材林培育与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[22]丁贵杰、周政贤.马尾松不同造林密度和不同利用方式经济效果分析[J].南京林业大学学报,1996,20(2):24-28.
[23]丁贵杰.马尾松人工林密度变化规律和密度调控模型研究[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1997,3:8-14。
[24]丁贵杰.贵州马尾松人工建筑材林合理采伐年龄研究[J].林业科学,1998,34(3):40-45.
[25]丁贵杰等.贵州马尾松建筑材林优化栽培模式研究(J).林业科学,2000,3,69-74.
[26]戴维娜等.马尾松地理种源试验及优良种源选择研究[J].广西林业科技,1991,20(1):15-22
[27]傅玉狮.马尾松种源、林分、家系三层次遗传变异初步研究[J].福建林业科技,1991,183):1-6.
[28]高智慧.浙江省马尾松速生丰产用材林经济效益分析与评估[J].浙江林业科技,1994,14(2):36-40.
[29]郭晋平、陆兆苏.杉木经济成熟龄确定方法的研究[J].华东森林经理,1989,3(4):1-3.
[30]郭清和,康文星.湖南省马尾松林公益效能的经济评估(J).中南林学院学报,2005,6:1-4.
[31]龚益广,钱志能.广东省马尾松经济成熟龄的初探(J).林业调查规划,2005,Oct.30(5):15-17.
[32]耿玉德.林业产业化研究[D].东北林业大学博士论文,2002.
[33]洪伟、吴承祯.马尾松人工林经营模式及其应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[34]洪信谱、高方彬等.湖北省马尾松人工林林分密度管理图编制方法探讨[J].华中农业大学学报,1991,10(4):383-389.
[35]洪伟、郑蓉等.马尾松人工林生长动态预测与密度决策的支持模型研究[J].福建林学院学报,1996,16(3):193-199.
[36]胡芳名等.中国主要经济树种栽培与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[37]胡明行、邱俊齐等.正算法与倒算法林价差额的森林环境价值分析[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版),2003(4):18-21.
[38]黄家荣.马尾松人工林生长的人工神经网络模型研究[D].北京林业大学博士学位论文,2005.
[39]蒋海,苏志尧,先锋.推进我国林业产业化的思考[J].河北林果研究,1998,24(1):3-10.
[40]江希钿等.马尾松造纸原料林经济成熟的研究[J].中国造纸,2006,25(2):46-50.
[41]江希钿等.马尾松造纸原料林生长收获预估模型的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2001,21(1):1-5.
[42]姜启源编.数学模型[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
[43]金大刚.面对现代林业的森林经济理论与实践[J].中南林业调查规划,2001,20(增刊):48-54.
[44]亢新刚.森林资源经营管理[M],北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[45]孔凡斌.商品林市场化经营与政府管理职能改革[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):54-58.
[46]李民.中国农业产业化经营[M].北京:企业管理出版社,1997,9-25.
[47]林建鹏.战略管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005,55-58.
[48]林凤鸣.国外林业产业政策[M]北京:中国林业出版社,1996,5.
[49]林启龙.采脂对高海拔松树生长和效益的影响分析[J].林业建设,2007,1:23-25.
[50]廖彬森.不同整地和施肥方式对马尾松幼林生长及其效益的影响[J].林业勘察设计,2006,2,26-29.
[51]梁有祥.马尾松高产脂优树选择[J].广西林业科学,2004,33(4):214-216.
[52]梁一池、蔡邦平.马尾松产脂力的最优拟合模型[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):297-300.
[53]梁星权.森林分类经营[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[54]梁瑞龙、蒙福祥等.马尾松(桐棉种源)造林密度试验研究初报[J].广西林业科学,1996,25(1):22-25.
[55]梁庆松等.马尾松优良家系再选择研究[J].林业科技开发,1999,(3):22-23.
[56]刘景芳.编制林分密度管理图研究报告[J].林业科学,1980,16(4):241-251.
[57]刘景芳、童书振.杉木林经营新技术[J].世界林业研究,1996,9:46-64.
[58]刘祥义等.采脂新方法——钻孔采脂[J].林产化工通讯,2003,37(3).
[59]刘祖法.建设松脂原料林基地工程的思考[J].中国林业,2004,10:34.
[60]刘金福、洪伟等.马尾松人工林密度效应模型研究[J].西南林学院学报,1998,18(3):148-152.
[61]吕郁彪.马尾松造纸原料林主伐年龄的研究[J].中南林业部调查规划,1997,26(2):19-21.
[62]吕郁彪、金大刚.广西公益林生态效益补偿研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(3):53-56.
[63]吕勇.马尾松水保林的密度管理[J].湖北林业科技,1996,2:25-29.
[64]雷功炎编著.数学模型讲义[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[65]李开平.森林经济成熟的理论探讨[J].林业经济,1992,3:47-49.
[66]李凤日.兴安落叶松天然林直径分布及产量预测模型的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1987,15(4):8-15.
[67]李凤日,蒋伊,刘光刚.广义korf生长方程的推导及其应用[J].林业资源管理,1997(特):212-216.
[68]栗子安.中国的松香、松节油[J].林化科技通讯,1985,11:1-3.
[69]罗江滨,陈平留,陈新心.森林资源资产评估[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[70]孟宪宇主编.测树学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996:267-295.
[71]迈克尔,波特著.陈小悦译.国家竞争优势[M]北京:华夏出版社,2002,8.
[72]农华.国外农业产业化发展经验及其对中国的启示[J].中国人民大学复印报刊资料1994(4):189-191.
[73]牛若峰.当代农业产业一体化经营研究[M].南昌:江西人民出版社,2002,23-24.
[74]彭星闾,肖春阳.市场与农业生产化[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2004:14-18.
[75]彭龙福,李谋窕,叶世坚.40年生马尾松人工林经济效益分析研究(J).林业经济问题,2000,8:251-254.
[76]全国马尾松地理种源试验协作组.马尾松种源变异及种源区划分的研究[J].亚热带林业科技,1987,(4):11-13.
[77]漆良华.湖南省马尾松播林综合经营技术研究[D].中南林学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[78]齐新民,丁贵杰.马尾松纸浆材林优化栽培密度经济分析(J).中南林学院学报,2001,6:13-17.
[79]秦国峰,周志春等.马尾松造纸材最优产地的确定[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(3):266-271.
[80]秦国峰,周志春.马尾松速生丰产林不同培育目标的适宜造林密度[J].林业科学研究,1999,12(6):620-627.
[81]秦国峰,鄢振武等.马尾松施肥对林木生长效应[J].浙江林业科技,2000,20(1):52-55
[82]覃冀,连辉明.高产脂马尾松半同胞子代20年生测定林产脂力分析[J].广东林业科技,2005,21(2):30-34.
[83]钱滕.人工林地租、林价和交易技术模式的研究[D].北京林业大学博士论文,2004.
[84]邱俊齐.林业经济学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[85]宋湛谦.对广西松脂产业发展的几点思考[J].林业科技管理,2001,4:37-40.
[86]唐守正.广西大青山马尾松全林整体生长模型及应用[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(增):11-13.
[87]田天雄.黔中地区马尾松林抚育间伐技术研究阶段报告[J].贵州农学字丛刊,第四集(马尾松),1984:47-52.
[88]田明华,陈建成.中国森林资源管理变革趋势:市场化研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[89]唐效蓉等.马尾松天然次生林施肥效应研究[J].中南林学院学,2006,26(1):12-18.
[90]韦元荣等.广西派阳山林场马尾松高产林调查研究[J].广西林业科技,1981,(3):26-31.
[91]温佐吾,谢双喜等.马尾松造林密度试验阶段报告[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1997,36(3):44-50.
[92]温佐吾,谢双喜等.不同造林技术措施对马尾松幼林生长的影响研究[J].林业科学,1998.34(6):39-49.
[93]王鹏程,刘梁友等.运用动态规划进行湖北省太子山马尾松纸浆林密度调控[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(4):382-386.
[94]王鹏程等.湖北省马尾松纸浆林主伐年龄的确定[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(2):168-172.
[95]王长新.马尾松采脂量的相关因子分析[J].河南科技大学学报,2004,24(3).
[96]汪炳根,卢立华等.马尾松近熟林施肥效应效益初步研究(J).林业科学研究,1996,9:93-98
[97]吴中伦.中国松属的分类与分布[J].植物学报,1956,5(3).
[98]吴承祯,李建光等.闽北马尾松造纸原料林密度调节的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1998,18(4):298-300.
[99]吴承祯,洪伟等.造纸原料林序列林价及其应用研究[J].福建林学院学报,1999,19(1).
[100]谢双喜,温佐吾等.贵州马尾松天然次生林改造及培育措施[J].贵州农学院丛刊,(马尾松Ⅳ),1997:101-104.
[101]谢双喜,彭贵.不同保留密度对马尾松天然林生长的影响[J].辽宁林业科技,2001,5:17-19.
[102]谢双喜,彭贵.马尾松天然次生林密度调控生长时效性的初步研究[J].江苏林业科技,2002,29(3):12-14.
[103]谢善高,郑小贤等.不同采脂方法对马尾松采脂林产脂量影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009.4.
[104]谢善高,郑小贤等.马尾松采脂林产脂量密度效应初步研究[J].福建林业科技,2009.1.
[105]谢善高,郑小贤.用参与式理论指导和加快广西松脂产业发展探究[J].河北农业科学,2009.1.
[106]杨章旗等.广西马尾松遗传改良进程及未来发展方向[J].广西林业科学,1994,23(1):41-45.
[107]杨章旗,梁端龙、蒙福祥.广西马尾松用材林速生丰产技术研究[J].广西林业科学,1996,25(1):1-8.
[108]杨章旗,韦元荣、何裕泽.马尾松速生丰产林综合标准[J].广西林业科学,1998,27.
[109]杨锦昌等.马尾松人工林直径分布收获模型及其应用研究[J].林业科学研究,2003,16(5):581-587.
[110]严仁发,杨世逸等.黔中马尾松人工林林分密度管理图编制与应用初报[J].贵州农学院丛刊,1984,4:115-122.
[111]尹泰龙.林分密度控制图的编制与应用[J].中国林业科学,1978,3:1-11.
[112]于政中.数量森林经理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
[113]余昌茂.采脂资源变化与技术革新[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(1):79-83.
[114]曾令海,王业珊等.马尾松高产脂力类型的选择及子代测定的遗传评价[J].广东林业科技,1994,2:38-34.
[115]祝志勇,于建云.生态因子对马尾松产脂量的影响初探[J].华东森林经济,2002,16(3):35-37.
[116]周政贤.中国马尾松[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[117]周政贤.马尾松造林密度试验报告[J].贵州农学院丛刑,1984,4:36-46.
[118]朱玲、罗小荷.广东马尾松林分生长过程的研究[J].南昌高专学报,2005,1:97-107.
[119]朱炜等.马尾松胶合板用材林生长的密度效应[J].青海农林科技,2003,4:9-11.
[120]朱守谦.飞播马尾松林的生长特点和间伐[J].贵州农学院丛刊,第四集(马尾松),1984:53-60.
[121]庄金顺,刘良明.不同造林密度对培育马尾松造纸工艺林生长的影响[J].福建林业科技,1992,19(4):39-42.
[122]张少昂.兴安落叶松天然林林分生长模型和可变密度收获表的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1986,14(3):17-25.
[123]钟昌勇,陈海燕.浅谈广西松树采脂现状与对策[J].林产化工通讯,2003,37(4):13-15.
[124]张加研等.松树钻孔采脂法研究进展[J].西南林学字学报,2002,22(4):72-75.
[125]郑小贤.森林生态效益补偿与森林地租[J].林业资源管理,2002,2:53-58.
[126]郑小贤.试论林权与地租[J].林业资源管理,2002,3:7-9.
[127]郑小贤,刘东兰.国际森林可持续经营的新进展[J].中国标准化,2000(2):26-27.
[128]郑才平.天然马尾松林密度效应规律研究[J].福建林学院学报,1999,19(4):33-34.
[129]朱永清等.浙江省黄岩区发展林业产业化问题的思考[J].林业经济问题,1999(6).
[130]张智光等.江苏林业产业发展战略研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004,53-54.
[131]湛红辉,温恒辉.马尾松人工中龄林平衡施肥研究[J].广西林业科学,2005,34(4):170-174.
[132]湛红辉,温恒辉.马尾松人工中龄林施肥肥效与增益持续性研究[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(5):522-539
[133]Amateis.R.L.An approach to developing process-oriented growth and yield models[J].For.Ecol.Manage,1994,69:7-20.
[134]ALAN.W,HODGES.Commercialization of borehole gumresin procuction from sladh pine-part Ⅱ[J].Naval store Review,1995,4:4-8.
[135]Bailey.R.L,Ware.K.D.Compatible basal-area growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned stands[J].Can.J.For.Res,1983,13:563-571.
[136]Bailey.R.L,T.R.Dell.Quantifying diameter distributions with the weibull function[J].Forest Science,1973,19:97-104.
(137)Bailey.R.L.Computer promgram for quantifying diameter distributions with weibull function[J].Forest Science,1974,20:229.
(138)Boston.K,Sessions.T.Development of a spatial harvest scheduling system to promote the conservation between indigenous and exotic forests[J]International ForestyReview,2006,8(3):297～306.
(139)Bowersox T W.et al.Economic analysis of a shot-ration fiber production system for hybrid poplar.J.of For.,1976,(11):750～753.
(140)Chen.C.M,Rose.D.W,Leary.R.A.Derivation of optimal stand density overtime discrete strage,countinous state dynamic promgramming solution[J].Forest Science,1980,26(2):217～227.
(141)Clutter.J.L,Bennett.F.A.Diameter distribution in old-field slash pine plantations[M].Ga.For.Res.Counc.Rep.Nep,No.13,1965.
(142)Bennett.F.A,Clutter.T.L.Multiple-product yield estimates for unthinned slash pine plantations-pulp-wood[M].Sawtime.Gum,U.S.For.Serv.Res,1968.
(143)Freduccia.D.P.Yield of unthinned Loblolly Pine plantation on cutover site in the west sulfresion[M].USDA.For.Serv.Res,1979.
(144)Fanstmann.M.Berechung des worthes,welchem waldbaden sowie nacht haubare Holzbesande fur die weldwritschaft besitzen.Allgemeine Forest and Jagd Zeitung,1849,(25):441～449.
(145)Forestry Agency.Forestry Agency Japan Information of Forest owers' cooperatires,1998
(146)Grado S C,et al.Shot ration wood biomass plantation technical requirements and establishment Biomass,1989.17(4):227～289.
(147)Jose Antonio Prado,Clrlos Weber.Facilitating the Way for Implementaion of Sustentable Forest Management.The Case of Chile.UNFF intersessconal Experts Meeting on he Role of Planted Forests in Sustainable Forest Management[J].March,2003,New Zealand.24～30
(148)Kviberg.K,Craig.J.Woodhill Forest:a candidate for ecosystem management[J].Journal of the Royal society of New Zealand,2006,36(3):129～141.
(149)Kangas.A,Laukkanen.S,Kangas.J.Social choice theory and its applications in sustainable management～a review[J].Forest Policy and Economics,2006,9(1):77～92.
(150)Kimmins.J.P.Future shock in forestry[J].The forestry[J].chronicle,2002,78(2):263～271.
(151)Montes.F,Hernandez.M.J.Extended length rotationn to integrate timber and pine nut production with the conservation of structural diversity in a pinusPinea(L.)forest[J].Annds of Forest Science,2006,63(7):773～781.
(152)O'nel.R.V,Deaugelis.D.L.Dynamic Properties of forest ecosystem[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1981,411～419.
(153)Pulkrab.K.Economic effectiveness of sustainable forest management[J].Journal of Forest Science,2006,52(9):427-437.
[154]Pettenella.D,Secco.L.Small-scall forestry in the Italian Alps:form mass market to territorial marketing.Edited by Wall.S.J,Dublin.Irish Republic;National council for Forest Research and Development.2006:398-408.
[155]Silvertion.I.W.Introdection of plant population ecology[M].London and New York:longmao,1982:1-89.
[156]Sanolermann.w.天然树脂、松节油和木浆浮油化学和工艺学[M].王定选译,北京:中国林业出版社,1982.
[157]Song zhanQian.Production and reserch on gum oleoresin in china[J].Forest Chemicals Review,1999,(3):7-9.
[158]Sacramento.Economic Evaluation of Eucalyptus in Californian 1983(6):14-16.
[159]Sedjo RA.An economic assessment of industrial forest plantations.Forest ecology and management.1984,(4):245-257.
[160]Torior R G.optimum plantation planting density and ration age based on financial rise and return.For.Sci.1991,37(3):886-902.
[161]VINCET de LAPORTERIE,Les Derives Resiniques et Terpeniques(DRT).France.The EUROGEM project for oleoresin production[J].Forest Chemicals Review,1999(4):10-11.
[162]Yarie.J.D.阿拉斯加地区加拿大云杉林的生物量与生产力[J].Forest Reseseh,1983,5.,
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |