配电楼—电气设备系统的地震反应及减震控制研究
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摘要
随着国民经济的快速发展,人类的用电需求越来越大,而作为电力网络重要组成部分的变电站配电楼系统,在整个电网中起到了枢纽的作用,是保障电网安全运行的关键环节。国内外众多破坏性地震实例表明,强烈地震对配电楼系统的破坏会引发整个电力系统的破坏,从而导致严重的次生灾害和惨重的经济损失,对国计民生和经济建设影响极大。近些年来,世界各国都加强了对电力系统地震灾害的研究工作,但对配电楼系统的地震反应研究尚欠深入,诸多问题亟待解决。
本文首次考虑主体结构-电气设备相互作用,对我国变电站配电楼系统的地震反应进行了深入系统的研究,分析了配电楼系统的动力特性,研究了单向、多维地震动以及近断层地震动影响等不同类型地震动输入情况下配电楼系统的地震反应,进而采用隔震技术进行了配电楼系统的减震控制研究,根据分析结果对现行《建筑抗震设计规范》和《电力设施抗震设计规范》相关条文提出了完善建议。主要研究内容如下:
针对国内电力行业常用的两种配电楼系统,建立了考虑主体结构-电气设备相互作用的三维动力分析模型。根据主体结构型式和电气设备摆放特点分析了配电楼系统的动力特性,考察了电气设备与结构楼层质量比等因素对系统自振周期的影响,并与传统结构设计方法所得结果进行对比,得到了配电楼系统的动力特性规律。
筛选出Ⅰ～Ⅳ类场地共10条有代表性的实震记录作为地震动输入,采用时程分析法研究了地震动单向、多维输入情况下配电楼系统弹性及弹塑性阶段的地震反应。通过对框架柱底部剪力、柱顶水平位移、柱顶水平加速度以及电气设备水平加速度等地震反应结果的分析,进行了主体结构层间位移角限值及电气设备动力放大系数的修正。
首次研究了建造于近断层处配电楼系统的抗震性能,选取了100条近断层地震记录作为地震动输入,对配电楼系统主体结构和电气设备的地震反应及破坏特征进行了分析,结果表明近断层处配电楼系统的地震破坏更大。
为了确保配电楼系统的正常使用,采用基础隔震技术对配电楼系统开展了减震控制研究,分析了基础隔震配电楼系统主体结构和电气设备的地震反应。结果表明,采用基础隔震措施能够有效地减小配电楼和电气设备的地震反应,从而为同类生命线工程应用隔震技术提供了重要的借鉴和参考价值。
With the rapid development of the national economy,the demand of power energy increased largely.As an important part of the power system,switch building played a key role to ensure safe operation of power system.Many examples of devastating earthquake at home and abroad indicated that a strong earthquake on switch building would lead to the destruction of the entire power system.Furthermore;it should leading to serious secondary disasters and heavy economic losses to the national economy,and people's economic construction and greatly affected.In recent years,countries around the world have strengthened earthquake research of power system,but limited in switch building seismic research and many needs to be sorted out.
In this paper,it's the first time to study earthquake response of switch building system from different perspectives.Considering the interaction of main structure and electrical installations,the dynamic characteristic of switch building was analyciZed,the earthquake response under the conditions of one dimension earthquake wave input, multiply dimensions wave input and near-fault ground motion input was studied. Furthermore,the seismic control of switch building was studied by using isolation technology.According to the results,some proposals were put forward to Code for Seismic design of buildings and Code for design of seismic of electrical installations. The main conclusions are shown as foliowing.
Based on two main type switch buildings recommended by power system,the three-dimensional calculation models considering interaction of main structure-electrical installations were set up.The dynamic characteristics of models were calculated under different conditions such as main structure type and electrical installations setting type.It was discovered dynamic characteristics rules by the ratio of installations quality and floor quality.
10 earthquakes waves representing ClassⅠ～ClassⅣsite were selected to research the switch buildings system elasticity response and elastoplasticity response under small earthquake condition and strong earthquake condition.According to some response value such as shear force at the end of column,horizontal displacement and accelerate at the top of column,and accelerate of electrical installations,the suggestion values of story drift angle limitation and dynamic magnification factor of electrical installations under multi-dimensions earthquake input were supplied.
It was the first time to study switch building seismic performance under the condition of near-fault ground motion.The 100 near-fault ground motion records in Chichi earthquake(Taiwan) and Northridge earthquake(American) were selected to analysis the response of switch building.The results showed that destructive caused by near-fault ground motion records was dramatically than that of normal area records.
In order to ensure normal work of switch building,the isolation technology as seismic control method was used to analysis earthquake response of main structure and electrical installations in switch building.The results showed that the earthquake response reduced greatly.The research results can be referenced by similar lifeline system.
本文首次考虑主体结构-电气设备相互作用,对我国变电站配电楼系统的地震反应进行了深入系统的研究,分析了配电楼系统的动力特性,研究了单向、多维地震动以及近断层地震动影响等不同类型地震动输入情况下配电楼系统的地震反应,进而采用隔震技术进行了配电楼系统的减震控制研究,根据分析结果对现行《建筑抗震设计规范》和《电力设施抗震设计规范》相关条文提出了完善建议。主要研究内容如下:
针对国内电力行业常用的两种配电楼系统,建立了考虑主体结构-电气设备相互作用的三维动力分析模型。根据主体结构型式和电气设备摆放特点分析了配电楼系统的动力特性,考察了电气设备与结构楼层质量比等因素对系统自振周期的影响,并与传统结构设计方法所得结果进行对比,得到了配电楼系统的动力特性规律。
筛选出Ⅰ～Ⅳ类场地共10条有代表性的实震记录作为地震动输入,采用时程分析法研究了地震动单向、多维输入情况下配电楼系统弹性及弹塑性阶段的地震反应。通过对框架柱底部剪力、柱顶水平位移、柱顶水平加速度以及电气设备水平加速度等地震反应结果的分析,进行了主体结构层间位移角限值及电气设备动力放大系数的修正。
首次研究了建造于近断层处配电楼系统的抗震性能,选取了100条近断层地震记录作为地震动输入,对配电楼系统主体结构和电气设备的地震反应及破坏特征进行了分析,结果表明近断层处配电楼系统的地震破坏更大。
为了确保配电楼系统的正常使用,采用基础隔震技术对配电楼系统开展了减震控制研究,分析了基础隔震配电楼系统主体结构和电气设备的地震反应。结果表明,采用基础隔震措施能够有效地减小配电楼和电气设备的地震反应,从而为同类生命线工程应用隔震技术提供了重要的借鉴和参考价值。
With the rapid development of the national economy,the demand of power energy increased largely.As an important part of the power system,switch building played a key role to ensure safe operation of power system.Many examples of devastating earthquake at home and abroad indicated that a strong earthquake on switch building would lead to the destruction of the entire power system.Furthermore;it should leading to serious secondary disasters and heavy economic losses to the national economy,and people's economic construction and greatly affected.In recent years,countries around the world have strengthened earthquake research of power system,but limited in switch building seismic research and many needs to be sorted out.
In this paper,it's the first time to study earthquake response of switch building system from different perspectives.Considering the interaction of main structure and electrical installations,the dynamic characteristic of switch building was analyciZed,the earthquake response under the conditions of one dimension earthquake wave input, multiply dimensions wave input and near-fault ground motion input was studied. Furthermore,the seismic control of switch building was studied by using isolation technology.According to the results,some proposals were put forward to Code for Seismic design of buildings and Code for design of seismic of electrical installations. The main conclusions are shown as foliowing.
Based on two main type switch buildings recommended by power system,the three-dimensional calculation models considering interaction of main structure-electrical installations were set up.The dynamic characteristics of models were calculated under different conditions such as main structure type and electrical installations setting type.It was discovered dynamic characteristics rules by the ratio of installations quality and floor quality.
10 earthquakes waves representing ClassⅠ～ClassⅣsite were selected to research the switch buildings system elasticity response and elastoplasticity response under small earthquake condition and strong earthquake condition.According to some response value such as shear force at the end of column,horizontal displacement and accelerate at the top of column,and accelerate of electrical installations,the suggestion values of story drift angle limitation and dynamic magnification factor of electrical installations under multi-dimensions earthquake input were supplied.
It was the first time to study switch building seismic performance under the condition of near-fault ground motion.The 100 near-fault ground motion records in Chichi earthquake(Taiwan) and Northridge earthquake(American) were selected to analysis the response of switch building.The results showed that destructive caused by near-fault ground motion records was dramatically than that of normal area records.
In order to ensure normal work of switch building,the isolation technology as seismic control method was used to analysis earthquake response of main structure and electrical installations in switch building.The results showed that the earthquake response reduced greatly.The research results can be referenced by similar lifeline system.
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