海拉尔盆地贝西北地区下白垩统储层预测与成藏特征
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摘要
贝西北地区是海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷重要的油气探区。本文从工区油气勘探实际出发,牢牢把握制约该区深化勘探的重大地质问题,充分运用多种先进、适用的勘探技术,从建立精细层序格架入手,以体系域为基本研究单元开展沉积相综合研究和储集层精细预测。在此基础上,通过对成藏地质条件深入分析及已知油气藏的解剖,总结出该区油气成藏的主控因素,对勘探目标进行了评价优选:
根据体系域的地质、测井和地震综合识别标志对贝西北地区铜钵庙组-大磨拐河组四个三级层序进行了体系域划分。建立了七条几乎涵盖区内所有钻井的体系域对比骨架剖面,采用全三维精细解释技术对10个体系域的界面进行了精细解释,系统分析了该区铜钵庙组-大磨拐河组10个体系域空间展布情况。采用空间展布法及相干体分析技术对断层进行系统解释,认为该区断层具有如下的分布及演化规律:断裂系统纵向上具有层次性、分期性;平面上具有分区、分带性;依据活动特点可分为早期活动、晚期活动和长期活动三种类型的断裂,其中长期活动的控凹断裂,控制了沉积和油气分布。
该区白垩系铜钵庙组—大磨拐河组主要发育扇三角洲、冲积扇、河流三角洲、湖泊和水下扇等沉积相类型;沉积体系的展布明显受盆地结构和构造活动特点的控制;贝西次凹长期继承性发育,为湖盆的沉降和沉积中心,以深湖—半深湖和浊流沉积为主,洼槽两侧的斜坡则发育多种类型的陆源扇型粗碎屑沉积体系。该区铜钵庙组—大磨拐河组划分出上、中、下三套主要生储盖组合;提出工区存在“T”型、“S”型等多种油气运聚模式。南屯组油气运移以“T”型为主,也存在“S”型;铜钵庙组以“S”型运移为主;大磨拐河组为典型“T”型运移。
提出该区成藏主控因素为:富生烃洼槽控制油气分布;有利岩相带控制油气的富集部位;断层和不整合面对油气的运聚具有显著的控制作用。同时,指出了不同组段的有利勘探目标评价原则。
The northwestern Beier depression is one of the most important petroleum exploration regions in Hailaer basin. Based on the interpretation and inversion of seismic data and well logs,classification of system tracts and sedimentary facieses, this dissertation discussed the essential factors controlling the generation,migration, accumulation and distribution of oil and gas in the area. As a conclusion,the author believed that:
The Tongbomiao Fm can be divided in a lowstand system (LST) and a transgressive system tract (TST) in the area. The 1st member of Nantun Fm can be divided into a LST, a TST and a highstand system tract (HST),and a TST and HST in the 2nd member of the formation,respectively. The sequence stratigraphy frame work established in the dissertation can be used to the analyses of the factors controlling the foundation of reservoir and reserve distribution in the NW Beier area,from the upper Nantun Fm,to the middle Damuguaihe Fm and the lower Tongbomiao Fm.
The faults in the area can be compartmentalized into 3 types,the early stage developed fault,the later stage developed fault and the long term developed fault, among which,the early stage and the long term developed faults are the most important faults controlling the migration and distribution of oil and gas in the area. And moreover,the long term faults controlled the structural framework,the Slope Break location and the paleotopography of the Beier depression. Integrated seismic data interpretation revealed the distribution and occurrence of these kinds of faults in the area.
The sedimentary facies of the Cretaceous in the area include fan delta, fluvial fan,river delta,lake and underwater fan. And the distribution of sedimentary systems was clearly controlled by the basin framework and the tectonic activities. The main successional sinking and sedimentary center is located at the western Beier sub-depression,in which the deep-lake,sub-deep lake and turbid sediments were developed. By comparison,various types of terrestrial coarse clastics of fan systems were mainly occurred at the two slopes of the sag.
Three source-reservoir-cap rock associations were identified in the Cretaceous in the area. The migration and accumulation model of oil and gas in the area can be concluded in 2 types,the T-shape and S-shape.
Three major factors controlled the occurrence of oil and gas in the area, i.e., rich oil and gas source kitchen,favorable sedimentary facies and the faults or unconformity connecting the source kitchen to the reservoirs.
根据体系域的地质、测井和地震综合识别标志对贝西北地区铜钵庙组-大磨拐河组四个三级层序进行了体系域划分。建立了七条几乎涵盖区内所有钻井的体系域对比骨架剖面,采用全三维精细解释技术对10个体系域的界面进行了精细解释,系统分析了该区铜钵庙组-大磨拐河组10个体系域空间展布情况。采用空间展布法及相干体分析技术对断层进行系统解释,认为该区断层具有如下的分布及演化规律:断裂系统纵向上具有层次性、分期性;平面上具有分区、分带性;依据活动特点可分为早期活动、晚期活动和长期活动三种类型的断裂,其中长期活动的控凹断裂,控制了沉积和油气分布。
该区白垩系铜钵庙组—大磨拐河组主要发育扇三角洲、冲积扇、河流三角洲、湖泊和水下扇等沉积相类型;沉积体系的展布明显受盆地结构和构造活动特点的控制;贝西次凹长期继承性发育,为湖盆的沉降和沉积中心,以深湖—半深湖和浊流沉积为主,洼槽两侧的斜坡则发育多种类型的陆源扇型粗碎屑沉积体系。该区铜钵庙组—大磨拐河组划分出上、中、下三套主要生储盖组合;提出工区存在“T”型、“S”型等多种油气运聚模式。南屯组油气运移以“T”型为主,也存在“S”型;铜钵庙组以“S”型运移为主;大磨拐河组为典型“T”型运移。
提出该区成藏主控因素为:富生烃洼槽控制油气分布;有利岩相带控制油气的富集部位;断层和不整合面对油气的运聚具有显著的控制作用。同时,指出了不同组段的有利勘探目标评价原则。
The northwestern Beier depression is one of the most important petroleum exploration regions in Hailaer basin. Based on the interpretation and inversion of seismic data and well logs,classification of system tracts and sedimentary facieses, this dissertation discussed the essential factors controlling the generation,migration, accumulation and distribution of oil and gas in the area. As a conclusion,the author believed that:
The Tongbomiao Fm can be divided in a lowstand system (LST) and a transgressive system tract (TST) in the area. The 1st member of Nantun Fm can be divided into a LST, a TST and a highstand system tract (HST),and a TST and HST in the 2nd member of the formation,respectively. The sequence stratigraphy frame work established in the dissertation can be used to the analyses of the factors controlling the foundation of reservoir and reserve distribution in the NW Beier area,from the upper Nantun Fm,to the middle Damuguaihe Fm and the lower Tongbomiao Fm.
The faults in the area can be compartmentalized into 3 types,the early stage developed fault,the later stage developed fault and the long term developed fault, among which,the early stage and the long term developed faults are the most important faults controlling the migration and distribution of oil and gas in the area. And moreover,the long term faults controlled the structural framework,the Slope Break location and the paleotopography of the Beier depression. Integrated seismic data interpretation revealed the distribution and occurrence of these kinds of faults in the area.
The sedimentary facies of the Cretaceous in the area include fan delta, fluvial fan,river delta,lake and underwater fan. And the distribution of sedimentary systems was clearly controlled by the basin framework and the tectonic activities. The main successional sinking and sedimentary center is located at the western Beier sub-depression,in which the deep-lake,sub-deep lake and turbid sediments were developed. By comparison,various types of terrestrial coarse clastics of fan systems were mainly occurred at the two slopes of the sag.
Three source-reservoir-cap rock associations were identified in the Cretaceous in the area. The migration and accumulation model of oil and gas in the area can be concluded in 2 types,the T-shape and S-shape.
Three major factors controlled the occurrence of oil and gas in the area, i.e., rich oil and gas source kitchen,favorable sedimentary facies and the faults or unconformity connecting the source kitchen to the reservoirs.
引文
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