原油蒸馏产品质量预测模型化和过程优化研究
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摘要
原油蒸馏系统的过程优化问题,是以经济效益最优为设计目标。原油蒸馏系统产品质量模型是求解原油蒸馏系统优化目标的主要瓶颈和障碍。为了采用随机最优化方法求解原油蒸馏系统全局最优化问题,论文首先进行了原油蒸馏系统产品质量模型化的研究工作。
建立了原油蒸馏系统产品质量与蒸馏塔工艺计算数据关联的数学模型:产品分离精确度预测模型;常压塔产品恩氏蒸馏数据预测模型;常压塔产品凝点预测模型;凝点与油品的标准相对密度、恩氏蒸馏数据相关联的数学模型;常压塔产品闪点预测数学模型;闪点与油品的标准相对密度、恩氏蒸馏数据相关联的数学模型。
建立了实沸点蒸馏曲线的数学模型,能够准确地描述原油的实沸点蒸馏曲线和其它物性。经多个油品的实沸点蒸馏数据和物性数据验证,证明模型稳定性强。
建立了不经过原油蒸馏塔工艺计算,直接计算原油蒸馏系统产品质量、侧线产品抽出温度的数学模型,数学模型与原油的实沸点蒸馏曲线关联。模型方程形式简单,在预测计算中,不用进行蒸馏塔的工艺计算,模型的误差较小。
提出了用侧线汽提塔再沸器代替汽提水蒸汽的“半干式常压塔设计方法”和“干式常压塔设计方法”。可以减少塔内气液相负荷、增加处理量、减少污水排放量、降低能耗。
采用基于随机搜索的粒子群最优化方法,求解原油蒸馏系统常压塔总经济效益最大化的全局优化问题。以本研究建立的原油蒸馏塔产品质量模型为简捷计算方法,以原油常压塔的各产品产量和蒸馏塔的各中段循环取热百分比为连续决策变量,同步优化两种不同类型的变量。优化实例表明:本研究建立的产品质量模型和基于随机优化的全局优化方法是切实可行的,可以提高经济效益158.99%.
减压渣油是原油蒸馏系统的主要产品。由减压渣油生产石油沥青,以胜利100号高芳香烃的沥青为原料合成的改性COPNA-B树脂可做为油井防砂材料。改性线性酚醛树脂固砂的热性能和抗压强度有明显提高。
The economic optimization was the design object of process optimization of crude oil distillation system. The main difficulty of solving the optimal crude oil distillation was the product quality model. This paper firstly studied on modeling for product qualities prediction of crude oil distillation system by way of the random optimization method solving the optimal crude oil distillation system.
The mathematical models were established between the process calculation date and the product quality of crude oil distillation column. There were the mathematical model for predicting product separation accuracy of oil distillation column, and the predictive modeling for Engler distillation curve (ASTM-D86) of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling for solidifying point of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling among solidifying point, ASTM-D86 data and standard relative density, and the predictive modeling for flash point of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling among flash point, ASTM-D86 data and standard relative density.
The mathematical models of true boiling point (TBP) curve were established, which were used to exactly describe the true boiling point and physical properties of crude oil. It was proved by the date of the true boiling point of multiple crude oil and physical properties that the model was very stable.
The mathematical models, which can directly calculate the product quality and temperature of side products of the crude oil distillation column, were established. It avoided process calculation of crude oil distillation column. The mathematical models were related with the true boiling point of crude oil. The model equations were simple and the prediction was rapid and simple because the complex iterations, the calculation of the optimum point and the rigorous process simulations were avoided.
Two new design methods, the half-dry-atmospheric crude tower and dry-atmospheric crude tower techniques were offered, in which stripper reboiler was used instead of stripping steam. It can reduce vapor-liquid flow rate, improve processing capacity, decrease energy consumption, increase economic benefit and cut down outflow rate of oily wasted water to use the new design method of crude oil distillation tower technique.
The method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which was based on random search, was used to solve the global optimization problem of the crude oil distillation system’s total economic benefit maximum. Through applying the oil distillation column’s product quality model as a short calculation method, crude oil distillation column’s product flowrate and heat duty percentage of pumparound were used as continuous decision variables, and two different kinds of variables were optimized simultaneously. Solutions of example problems demonstrated that product quality models that were established in this paper and the global optimization method that was based on random search were effective. They can improve the economic benefit by 158.99%.
The research on chemical engineering and chemical product engineering were combined in this paper. Vacuum residue was the main product of crude oil distillation system. Petroleum asphalt was produced from vacuum residue. The modified COPNA-B resin was synthesized using Sheng-li No.100 petroleum asphalt. The resin can be used as the sand control agent in the high temperature oil well and heavy oil thermal recovery. The thermal stability and tensile strength of the modified phenolic resin can be raised evidently in the sand consolidation. The two products and some other products were used to synthesis a compound. The compound was used in oil well plugging water experiment and the effect was very evident.
建立了原油蒸馏系统产品质量与蒸馏塔工艺计算数据关联的数学模型:产品分离精确度预测模型;常压塔产品恩氏蒸馏数据预测模型;常压塔产品凝点预测模型;凝点与油品的标准相对密度、恩氏蒸馏数据相关联的数学模型;常压塔产品闪点预测数学模型;闪点与油品的标准相对密度、恩氏蒸馏数据相关联的数学模型。
建立了实沸点蒸馏曲线的数学模型,能够准确地描述原油的实沸点蒸馏曲线和其它物性。经多个油品的实沸点蒸馏数据和物性数据验证,证明模型稳定性强。
建立了不经过原油蒸馏塔工艺计算,直接计算原油蒸馏系统产品质量、侧线产品抽出温度的数学模型,数学模型与原油的实沸点蒸馏曲线关联。模型方程形式简单,在预测计算中,不用进行蒸馏塔的工艺计算,模型的误差较小。
提出了用侧线汽提塔再沸器代替汽提水蒸汽的“半干式常压塔设计方法”和“干式常压塔设计方法”。可以减少塔内气液相负荷、增加处理量、减少污水排放量、降低能耗。
采用基于随机搜索的粒子群最优化方法,求解原油蒸馏系统常压塔总经济效益最大化的全局优化问题。以本研究建立的原油蒸馏塔产品质量模型为简捷计算方法,以原油常压塔的各产品产量和蒸馏塔的各中段循环取热百分比为连续决策变量,同步优化两种不同类型的变量。优化实例表明:本研究建立的产品质量模型和基于随机优化的全局优化方法是切实可行的,可以提高经济效益158.99%.
减压渣油是原油蒸馏系统的主要产品。由减压渣油生产石油沥青,以胜利100号高芳香烃的沥青为原料合成的改性COPNA-B树脂可做为油井防砂材料。改性线性酚醛树脂固砂的热性能和抗压强度有明显提高。
The economic optimization was the design object of process optimization of crude oil distillation system. The main difficulty of solving the optimal crude oil distillation was the product quality model. This paper firstly studied on modeling for product qualities prediction of crude oil distillation system by way of the random optimization method solving the optimal crude oil distillation system.
The mathematical models were established between the process calculation date and the product quality of crude oil distillation column. There were the mathematical model for predicting product separation accuracy of oil distillation column, and the predictive modeling for Engler distillation curve (ASTM-D86) of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling for solidifying point of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling among solidifying point, ASTM-D86 data and standard relative density, and the predictive modeling for flash point of the distillate from crude atmosphere column, and the predictive modeling among flash point, ASTM-D86 data and standard relative density.
The mathematical models of true boiling point (TBP) curve were established, which were used to exactly describe the true boiling point and physical properties of crude oil. It was proved by the date of the true boiling point of multiple crude oil and physical properties that the model was very stable.
The mathematical models, which can directly calculate the product quality and temperature of side products of the crude oil distillation column, were established. It avoided process calculation of crude oil distillation column. The mathematical models were related with the true boiling point of crude oil. The model equations were simple and the prediction was rapid and simple because the complex iterations, the calculation of the optimum point and the rigorous process simulations were avoided.
Two new design methods, the half-dry-atmospheric crude tower and dry-atmospheric crude tower techniques were offered, in which stripper reboiler was used instead of stripping steam. It can reduce vapor-liquid flow rate, improve processing capacity, decrease energy consumption, increase economic benefit and cut down outflow rate of oily wasted water to use the new design method of crude oil distillation tower technique.
The method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which was based on random search, was used to solve the global optimization problem of the crude oil distillation system’s total economic benefit maximum. Through applying the oil distillation column’s product quality model as a short calculation method, crude oil distillation column’s product flowrate and heat duty percentage of pumparound were used as continuous decision variables, and two different kinds of variables were optimized simultaneously. Solutions of example problems demonstrated that product quality models that were established in this paper and the global optimization method that was based on random search were effective. They can improve the economic benefit by 158.99%.
The research on chemical engineering and chemical product engineering were combined in this paper. Vacuum residue was the main product of crude oil distillation system. Petroleum asphalt was produced from vacuum residue. The modified COPNA-B resin was synthesized using Sheng-li No.100 petroleum asphalt. The resin can be used as the sand control agent in the high temperature oil well and heavy oil thermal recovery. The thermal stability and tensile strength of the modified phenolic resin can be raised evidently in the sand consolidation. The two products and some other products were used to synthesis a compound. The compound was used in oil well plugging water experiment and the effect was very evident.
引文
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