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产品空间结构演化与产业升级研究
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摘要
本文主要是在对国内外关于产业升级理论研究进行综述的基础上,将动态比较优势、产品空间结构及其演化理论、小世界网络理论的最新研究成果运用于产业升级的分析上,探讨了产品空间结构演化与产业升级的互动机理,并利用经济学、管理学和经济地理学中相关范畴和理论,进一步分析了如何通过产品空间网络重构以加速产业升级及其运行绩效,并把理论研究所得出的结论运用到东北老工业基地装备制造业产业升级的实证分析上,提出促进东北老工业基地装备制造业产业升级的政策建议。具体研究如下:
     第1章,主要包括研究背景与选题的目的和意义,研究的内容和方法等方面的简单介绍。同时阐明论文的总体思路与研究方法,概括地说明论文的研究目标、研究的主要思路、论文的基本框架以及主要的创新点和不足。
     第2章,介绍本文研究的理论基础和研究的理论框架。本部分在梳理产业升级理论文献的基础上,总结各阶段的研究成果,并引出本研究的切入点;初步探讨产业发展现状,以产业升级的现实特点和未来发展的方向为基点,围绕研究内容和研究目标,构成本文研究的一般分析框架。
     第3章,对产品空间结构测度与小世界验证进行研究。主要回答什么是产品空间结构、如何测度、影响产品空间结构演化的因素有哪些,产品空间结构演化与产业升级和产业的动态比较优势形成具有怎样的关系,并运用小世界验证了产品空间网络的小世界特征。
     第4章,主要对产品空间结构演化与产业升级的互动进行研究。本部分运用显示性比较优势(RCA)指标、邻近性、产品空间密度、多样化能力与产品跳跃、产品复杂度(PRODY、EXPY)指标、邻近矩阵(PROXIMITY)分析工具,在考察企业家自我发现要素的基础上,分析产品空间结构演化如何决定产业升级的方向,揭示产品空间结构演化过程中实现产业升级的充分必要条件。研究如何在企业家自我发现要素的基础上,通过产品空间结构重构实现产业升级和动态比较优势、竞争优势的形成,从而揭示产品空间结构演化与产业升级的互动机理。
     第5章,将理论研究的结论用于对东北装备制造业产业升级的研究,即研究东北装备制造业产业升级路径选择。本部分运用理论研究的结论,从产品空间结构演化角度出发,构建一个产业升级的路径选择思路,运用国民经济标准行业分类(GB/4757-2002)两位码行业数据进行实证分析与检验,从而揭示出产品之间的距离对比较优势演化和产业竞争力形成的影响,据此探讨中国东北装备制造业实现产业升级的路径选择。
     第6章,研究的基本结论。通过前文的分析讨论,总结出研究的结论,并提出推动东北装备制造业实现有效升级的政策建议。特别是国家层面如何通过产业政策的引导,尤其是如何通过发挥国有经济的导向和示范效应、重大基础共性技术的研发能力、国家投资的基础性作用,加速显示性比较优势的扩散和实现产品空间结构的升级演化,进而改善产业在国内外分工中的位置,实现整体的产业竞争力提升;区域层面,如何在发挥企业家自我发现能力的基础上,合理进行产业升级规划,实施产品空间结构重构,提高核心产品空间结构分布密度,进而加速产业升级。
This paper is based on theoretical study of the domestic as well as foreignindustry upgrading that were reviewed with dynamic comparative advantage,product space structure, the latest research results of small-world networks theoryapplied to production and the analysis of industry upgrading. It also attempts toexplore the interaction mechanism of the evolution of the structure of product spaceand industry upgrading with the use of economics, management science andeconomic geography concepts and theories through further analysis of how productspace restructuring over the product and its efficiency to accelerate industryupgrading and the institute for theoretical conclusions. Empirical analysis applied tothe upgrading of the Northeast old industry base of equipment manufacturingindustry is made to promote the recommendations on region’s policy of the upgrade.Specific studies are as follows:
     Chapter1. Introduction, including the purpose and significance of the researchbackground, the content and other aspects of the method briefly. Meanwhile, thechapter also clarifies the general idea of the paper and research methodology. It is ageneral statement of research objectives of the paper as well as important concepts,research framework.
     Chapter2. This chapter proposed a general, analytical framework and atheoretical basis via combing the theory of industrial upgrading development context,which summarized the results of the various stages of research; This chapter alsotentatively explores the comparative advantages of the equipment manufacturingindustry competitiveness and possible sources through combining characteristics of the equipment manufacturing industry; equipment manufacturing industry in Chinaissued realistic characteristics and background of reform and opening exhibitionanchored around the research questions and research objectives.
     Chapter3. This chapter is the research on the measurement of the structure ofproduct space and small-world networks test. It is the main answer to the questionssuch as “what is the structure of product pace?”,“How to measure the impact theevolution of the structure of product space and with which factors?”,“How theevolution of product space has formed relationships with industry upgrading anddynamic comparative advantage industries?” and the use of small-world networksverify the small world features of the product space net.
     Chapter4. This chapter is the main research on the interaction mechanism ofproduct space structure evolution and the models selection of industry upgrading.This section is about the use of small-world networks and conditioned reflexanalysis methods, and the use of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index,the product space density, diversification capabilities and products jump, ProductComplexity (PRODY,EXPY) indicators neighboring matrix (PROXIMITY). Thesection also analyzes how the evolution of structure of product space decides thedirection of industry upgrading, revealing the evolution of the structure of productspace to achieve the necessary and sufficient conditions for industry upgrading. Italso discusses how to study the elements of self-discovery on the basis of theentrepreneur, through product space restructuring over the product to achieveindustry upgrading and dynamic comparative advantage,Competitive Advantage,from which reveals the interaction mechanism of the evolution of the structure ofproduct space and industry upgrading.
     Chapter5. This chapter is the conclusions of theoretical research for the studyof the Northeast equipment manufacturing industry upgrading, namely northeastequipment manufacturing industry upgrade path selection and cultivation industries. This part of the application of the theory the study concluded that, from theperspective of the evolution of the structure of product space,to build a path ofindustry upgrading election selection model, the use of the national economy HSIC(GB/4757-2002) two yards industry data empirical analysis and testing, revealingshadow product evolution from comparative advantage and industry competitivenessformation ring, whereby exploring Northeast China’s equipment manufacturingindustry to achieve industry upgrading path selection and competitive industries.
     Chapter6. This chapter is the conclusions and policy recommendations.Through a series of analysis and discussion of the foregoing, this sectionsummarizes research findings, and policy recommendations to promote Northeastequipment manufacturing effective upgrades. Especially at the national level asguided by industry policy, in particular how to play through orientation anddemonstration effect of the state economy, re-large based on common technologyresearch and development capabilities, the fundamental role of state investment toaccelerate significant comparative advantage to upgrade the evolution of productproliferation and the structure of product space, thereby improving the position inthe domestic industry division, achieve overall industry competitiveness upgrading;regional level, how to play the entrepreneur's self-discovery based capabilities on thebasis, industry upgrading and reasonable planning, implementation, thereconstruction of the structure of product space, improve the core product spacestructure density, thereby accelerating industry upgrading.
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