跨区域产业技术联盟与企业创新绩效关系研究
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摘要
随着党中央、国务院提出建设创新型国家、实施创新驱动发展战略的目标与规划，各区域之间由于地理临近性、文化接触性和交互易得性，实施创新合作也日趋重要且成为可能。京津冀区域位置得天独厚，三地之间合作历史悠久，互补性强，在实施创新驱动战略目标下，探索京津冀跨区域产业技术创新合作，具有重要的理论和现实意义。而从现有的国内外文献看，对跨区域的产业合作、技术合作、科技合作的研究还比较少，特别是针对京津冀跨区域产业技术合作的的研究，一直以来没有形成一套清晰的框架得以支持实际需求。
基于此，本文以区域创新有关理论为背景，以产业技术联盟为分析契机，以京津冀跨区域为对象，对京津冀产业科技资源分布进行统计性描述，进一步分析三地产业技术创新差异化，找出三地跨区域产业技术联盟的契合点，进一步分析外部创新源对产业技术创新的促进作用，建立跨区域产业技术联盟对企业绩效影响的概念模型，并以京津冀主要产业技术合作为例进行了实证研究。研究主要包括以下几个方面：
首先，对京津冀产业R&D资源配置进行统计性描述，分析京津冀产业差异化。依据R&D密度划分京津冀制造业可比行业的高、中、低技术产业类型，对京津冀制造业按照在垂直产业链的不同阶段进行了重新分类，对产业链纵向关联的相关部门的技术创新特点和差异性进行了梳理，研究结果表明：技术创新是一个组织学习过程，具有相似或互补的创新行为和技术路径的产业，更具有产业技术研发和使用上合作的可能性。
其次，对京津冀制造业技术创新能力与外部创新源关系进行研究。外部创新源包括外部信息和外部专家组织，本文探索了京津冀区域创新体系与企业创新体系的关系，同时也探索了知识密集型商业服务组织具有创新源和创新桥梁的双重角色，研究结果表明：外部可用信息影响了企业整体创新能力，外部专家组织影响了企业的R&D和资源分配能力，企业获取外部知识能力和把外部知识与自身知识整合的能力对技术创新能力和创新绩效有显著影响。
再次，提出了跨区域产业技术联盟与企业创新绩效关系的理论框架与概念模型。本文借鉴了知识交互作用、技术联盟和创新绩效的相关理论，把技术联盟影响创新绩效的过程用知识交互作用这个关键的中间变量作为联结点，提出了基于知识交互作用的技术联盟与企业创新绩效的理论框架与概念模型。
最后，以京津冀主要产业的科技合作为例，对提出的概念模型进行实证研究。采用SEM结构方程建模和因子分析方法对通过调查问卷收集到的数据进行实证分析，研究结果表明：联盟企业内的知识交互作用包括知识溢出和共享、知识转移和扩散及知识吸收与整合对创新绩效有显著影响；联盟成员个体因素、联盟伙伴因素、联盟关系因素和联盟环境因素等对知识交互作用有显著影响。
本文的研究成果丰富和完善了知识交互作用和技术联盟的相关理论，为跨区域产业技术联盟企业如何更好地利用技术联盟提升自身的技术创新能力提供了理论支持。
With the Party Central Committee, the State Council put forward the constructionof an innovative country, implementation goal and planning innovation drivedevelopment among different regions, due to geographical proximity, cultural contactand interaction is easy, the implementation of innovative cooperation has becomeincreasingly more important and become possible. Regional location ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei be richly endowed by nature, between three cooperation has along history, strong complementarity, in the implementation of innovative drivingstrategic goal, explore the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional industrial technologyinnovation cooperation, has the important theory and the practical significance. Fromthe existing literature at home and abroad, research on industrial cooperation,technical cooperation, cooperation in science and technology across the region is stillrelatively small, especially for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional industrialtechnology cooperation research, has not formed a clear framework to support theactual demand.
Based on this, this paper takes the regional innovation theory as the background,takes the industrial technology alliance of opportunity, taking theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional as object, carries on the statistical description ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Industrial Science and technology resources distribution,further analysis of the three industry technology innovation difference, find out themeeting point of three cross-regional Industrial Technology alliance, further analysisto promote the role of external source of innovation of industrial technologicalinnovation, the concept model of regional industrial technology alliance impact onenterprise performance, and taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei main industry technicalcooperation as a case study. The study include the following aspects.
Firstly, the statistical description of R&D resources allocation ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei industry, analysis on the difference of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebeiindustry. On the basis of R&D density of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturingcomparable industry high, low technology, industry types, according to the differentstages of vertical industrial chain reclassifies the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturingindustry, technological innovation characteristics and differences of the relevantdepartments of the longitudinal association of the industrial chain of carding, theresults show that: technological innovation is a process of organizational learning,with similar or complementary innovation and technical path of the industry, has thepossibility of cooperation in industrial technology R&D and the use of this.
Secondly, to study the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturing technologyinnovation ability and external source of innovation relations. To explore the relationbetween the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region innovation system and enterpriseinnovation system, but also to explore the dual role of knowledge intensive businessservice organization has the source of innovation and innovation of bridge, researchresults show that: the external information available to affect the overall innovation capability of enterprises, external expert organizations affect R&D and resourceallocation capability of enterprises, for enterprises to obtain external knowledge andknowledge integration capability of technological innovation capability andinnovation performance has a significant impact.
Once again, puts forward the theoretical framework and conceptual model of therelationship between regional industry technology alliance and enterprise innovationperformance. Based on the relevant theories of the interaction, technology allianceand innovation performance, the technology alliance process influences theperformance of innovation by knowledge interaction of this key intermediatevariables as the connecting point, puts forward the theoretical framework and theconcept of technology alliance and enterprise innovation performance model based onknowledge interaction.
Finally, the main industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to cooperation in science andtechnology as an example, makes an empirical study of the proposed conceptualmodel. Using SEM structural equation modeling and the method of factor analysis forthe empirical analysis, research results show that: the interaction within the enterpriseknowledge alliance including knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer and knowledgeintegration has a significant impact on innovation performance; the individualcharacter, coalition partners, the close relationship between the degree and nature ofthe alliance alliance as a whole management level has significant effect on knowledgeinteraction.
The research results of this paper enrich and perfect the theories of knowledgeinteraction and technology alliance, as the regional industrial technology allianceenterprises how to make better use of technology alliance to provide theory support toenhance their innovation performance.
基于此，本文以区域创新有关理论为背景，以产业技术联盟为分析契机，以京津冀跨区域为对象，对京津冀产业科技资源分布进行统计性描述，进一步分析三地产业技术创新差异化，找出三地跨区域产业技术联盟的契合点，进一步分析外部创新源对产业技术创新的促进作用，建立跨区域产业技术联盟对企业绩效影响的概念模型，并以京津冀主要产业技术合作为例进行了实证研究。研究主要包括以下几个方面：
首先，对京津冀产业R&D资源配置进行统计性描述，分析京津冀产业差异化。依据R&D密度划分京津冀制造业可比行业的高、中、低技术产业类型，对京津冀制造业按照在垂直产业链的不同阶段进行了重新分类，对产业链纵向关联的相关部门的技术创新特点和差异性进行了梳理，研究结果表明：技术创新是一个组织学习过程，具有相似或互补的创新行为和技术路径的产业，更具有产业技术研发和使用上合作的可能性。
其次，对京津冀制造业技术创新能力与外部创新源关系进行研究。外部创新源包括外部信息和外部专家组织，本文探索了京津冀区域创新体系与企业创新体系的关系，同时也探索了知识密集型商业服务组织具有创新源和创新桥梁的双重角色，研究结果表明：外部可用信息影响了企业整体创新能力，外部专家组织影响了企业的R&D和资源分配能力，企业获取外部知识能力和把外部知识与自身知识整合的能力对技术创新能力和创新绩效有显著影响。
再次，提出了跨区域产业技术联盟与企业创新绩效关系的理论框架与概念模型。本文借鉴了知识交互作用、技术联盟和创新绩效的相关理论，把技术联盟影响创新绩效的过程用知识交互作用这个关键的中间变量作为联结点，提出了基于知识交互作用的技术联盟与企业创新绩效的理论框架与概念模型。
最后，以京津冀主要产业的科技合作为例，对提出的概念模型进行实证研究。采用SEM结构方程建模和因子分析方法对通过调查问卷收集到的数据进行实证分析，研究结果表明：联盟企业内的知识交互作用包括知识溢出和共享、知识转移和扩散及知识吸收与整合对创新绩效有显著影响；联盟成员个体因素、联盟伙伴因素、联盟关系因素和联盟环境因素等对知识交互作用有显著影响。
本文的研究成果丰富和完善了知识交互作用和技术联盟的相关理论，为跨区域产业技术联盟企业如何更好地利用技术联盟提升自身的技术创新能力提供了理论支持。
With the Party Central Committee, the State Council put forward the constructionof an innovative country, implementation goal and planning innovation drivedevelopment among different regions, due to geographical proximity, cultural contactand interaction is easy, the implementation of innovative cooperation has becomeincreasingly more important and become possible. Regional location ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei be richly endowed by nature, between three cooperation has along history, strong complementarity, in the implementation of innovative drivingstrategic goal, explore the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional industrial technologyinnovation cooperation, has the important theory and the practical significance. Fromthe existing literature at home and abroad, research on industrial cooperation,technical cooperation, cooperation in science and technology across the region is stillrelatively small, especially for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional industrialtechnology cooperation research, has not formed a clear framework to support theactual demand.
Based on this, this paper takes the regional innovation theory as the background,takes the industrial technology alliance of opportunity, taking theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional as object, carries on the statistical description ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Industrial Science and technology resources distribution,further analysis of the three industry technology innovation difference, find out themeeting point of three cross-regional Industrial Technology alliance, further analysisto promote the role of external source of innovation of industrial technologicalinnovation, the concept model of regional industrial technology alliance impact onenterprise performance, and taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei main industry technicalcooperation as a case study. The study include the following aspects.
Firstly, the statistical description of R&D resources allocation ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei industry, analysis on the difference of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebeiindustry. On the basis of R&D density of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturingcomparable industry high, low technology, industry types, according to the differentstages of vertical industrial chain reclassifies the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturingindustry, technological innovation characteristics and differences of the relevantdepartments of the longitudinal association of the industrial chain of carding, theresults show that: technological innovation is a process of organizational learning,with similar or complementary innovation and technical path of the industry, has thepossibility of cooperation in industrial technology R&D and the use of this.
Secondly, to study the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei manufacturing technologyinnovation ability and external source of innovation relations. To explore the relationbetween the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region innovation system and enterpriseinnovation system, but also to explore the dual role of knowledge intensive businessservice organization has the source of innovation and innovation of bridge, researchresults show that: the external information available to affect the overall innovation capability of enterprises, external expert organizations affect R&D and resourceallocation capability of enterprises, for enterprises to obtain external knowledge andknowledge integration capability of technological innovation capability andinnovation performance has a significant impact.
Once again, puts forward the theoretical framework and conceptual model of therelationship between regional industry technology alliance and enterprise innovationperformance. Based on the relevant theories of the interaction, technology allianceand innovation performance, the technology alliance process influences theperformance of innovation by knowledge interaction of this key intermediatevariables as the connecting point, puts forward the theoretical framework and theconcept of technology alliance and enterprise innovation performance model based onknowledge interaction.
Finally, the main industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to cooperation in science andtechnology as an example, makes an empirical study of the proposed conceptualmodel. Using SEM structural equation modeling and the method of factor analysis forthe empirical analysis, research results show that: the interaction within the enterpriseknowledge alliance including knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer and knowledgeintegration has a significant impact on innovation performance; the individualcharacter, coalition partners, the close relationship between the degree and nature ofthe alliance alliance as a whole management level has significant effect on knowledgeinteraction.
The research results of this paper enrich and perfect the theories of knowledgeinteraction and technology alliance, as the regional industrial technology allianceenterprises how to make better use of technology alliance to provide theory support toenhance their innovation performance.
引文
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