小型断路器中电磁式油阻尼脱扣器性能研究
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摘要
小型断路器是终端电器的一种主要电器。带电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的小型断路器，利用油阻尼器来实现断路器的反时限特性，实现过载保护；当出现短路故障时，衔铁能够瞬时动作，实现短路保护。由于在油杯中采用了粘度稳定的甲基硅油，断路器的保护特性受环境温度影响较小，反时限特性较好。因此它应用的领域广，使用的数量比较多。基于此，提出了对小型断路器中电磁式油阻尼脱扣器性能的研究。
本文在对小型断路器、粘滞流体阻尼器、计算流体仿真技术、电磁场有限元分析技术及多体动力学分析技术研究现状进行总结的基础上，结合实际课题，对电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的油阻尼力、静态特性、动态特性等方面进行了研究。首先根据流体理论公式推导得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器阻尼力表达式，分析了油杯参数对阻尼力的影响。接着利用计算流体仿真软件FLUENT建立了阻尼器模型，并仿真得到油阻尼器压力、速度等场量以及不同粘度下的阻尼力数据表，且与理论推导公式得到的数据进行了比较。然后利用有限元分析软件ANSYS得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的静态特性，通过接口协同仿真技术，将静态数据嵌入到多体动力学软件ADAMS中，得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的动态特性，将断路器保护特性的仿真结果与实测结果进行了比较，基本吻合。分析了脱扣器各参数对其动态特性的影响。结果表明，研究成果对电磁式油阻尼脱扣器产品的分析、开发及优化具有重要的理论指导意义和实用价值。
Miniature circuit breaker is the main electrical appliance in the terminal apparatus. Theoil dashpot of the miniature circuit breaker is used to realize the inverse time characteristicsin order to achieve overload protection. When short circuit faults happen, the armature canbe tripped instantaneously to achieve short circuit protection. Because the viscosity of themethyl silicone adopted in the oil cup is stable, protection characteristics of circuit breakerare little influenced by environmental temperature, and it has a good inverse timecharacteristic, so it is used widely, and the used quantity is much more. Based on these, thestudy on the performance of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot in miniature circuitbreaker is put forward.
In this paper, on the basis of analysis of miniature circuit breaker, viscous flow damper,computational fluid simulation technology, finite element analysis technology andmultibody dynamics simulation technology, combining with the actual project, the oildamping force, static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of electromagnetic releasewith oil dashpot were studied. First, expression of damping force was derived according tothe law of the fluid theory, and the influence of the parameters on the damping force wasanalyzed. Then with computational fluid simulation software FLUENT, field quantitiessuch as velocity and pressure, data table of damping force under different viscosity weregot. And the simulating data was compared with data obtained by theoretical derivationformula. Afterwards with the finite element software ANSYS, static characteristic ofelectromagnetic release with oil dashpot was obtained. Through the the interface simulationtechnology, static data was embedded into multi-body dynamics software ADAMS, and thedynamic characteristics of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot was got, and simulationresults and measured results of the protection characteristics were compared and their datawas essentially agreed.At last, the influence of the release parameters on its dynamiccharacteristics was discussed. It is shown that the research results have importanttheoretical guiding significance and practical value for analysis, development andoptimization of the electromagnetic release with oil dashpot.
本文在对小型断路器、粘滞流体阻尼器、计算流体仿真技术、电磁场有限元分析技术及多体动力学分析技术研究现状进行总结的基础上，结合实际课题，对电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的油阻尼力、静态特性、动态特性等方面进行了研究。首先根据流体理论公式推导得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器阻尼力表达式，分析了油杯参数对阻尼力的影响。接着利用计算流体仿真软件FLUENT建立了阻尼器模型，并仿真得到油阻尼器压力、速度等场量以及不同粘度下的阻尼力数据表，且与理论推导公式得到的数据进行了比较。然后利用有限元分析软件ANSYS得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的静态特性，通过接口协同仿真技术，将静态数据嵌入到多体动力学软件ADAMS中，得到电磁式油阻尼脱扣器的动态特性，将断路器保护特性的仿真结果与实测结果进行了比较，基本吻合。分析了脱扣器各参数对其动态特性的影响。结果表明，研究成果对电磁式油阻尼脱扣器产品的分析、开发及优化具有重要的理论指导意义和实用价值。
Miniature circuit breaker is the main electrical appliance in the terminal apparatus. Theoil dashpot of the miniature circuit breaker is used to realize the inverse time characteristicsin order to achieve overload protection. When short circuit faults happen, the armature canbe tripped instantaneously to achieve short circuit protection. Because the viscosity of themethyl silicone adopted in the oil cup is stable, protection characteristics of circuit breakerare little influenced by environmental temperature, and it has a good inverse timecharacteristic, so it is used widely, and the used quantity is much more. Based on these, thestudy on the performance of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot in miniature circuitbreaker is put forward.
In this paper, on the basis of analysis of miniature circuit breaker, viscous flow damper,computational fluid simulation technology, finite element analysis technology andmultibody dynamics simulation technology, combining with the actual project, the oildamping force, static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of electromagnetic releasewith oil dashpot were studied. First, expression of damping force was derived according tothe law of the fluid theory, and the influence of the parameters on the damping force wasanalyzed. Then with computational fluid simulation software FLUENT, field quantitiessuch as velocity and pressure, data table of damping force under different viscosity weregot. And the simulating data was compared with data obtained by theoretical derivationformula. Afterwards with the finite element software ANSYS, static characteristic ofelectromagnetic release with oil dashpot was obtained. Through the the interface simulationtechnology, static data was embedded into multi-body dynamics software ADAMS, and thedynamic characteristics of electromagnetic release with oil dashpot was got, and simulationresults and measured results of the protection characteristics were compared and their datawas essentially agreed.At last, the influence of the release parameters on its dynamiccharacteristics was discussed. It is shown that the research results have importanttheoretical guiding significance and practical value for analysis, development andoptimization of the electromagnetic release with oil dashpot.
引文
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