光伏系统在内蒙古地区标识绿色建筑节能贡献
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摘要
光伏建筑一体化中光伏发电产品作为建筑部件，在建筑节能和改善建筑室内环境方面具有建筑部件的相关特征，作为可再生能源的重要部分，还可以调节和改善建筑自身的能源结构。绿色标识建筑在市场中示范和标杆作用，对于光伏建筑一体化技术的推广具有非常重要的示范意义。光伏建筑一体化技术在绿色建筑中的应用要充分体现绿色建筑在规划、设计、可持续运营的理论和技术。通过研究适合中国光伏建筑一体化与绿色标识建筑相结合的最佳实践可能性，为未来在两者相结合系统的设计、实施、评估、产品的研发和标准化应用，政府制定产业政策和激励机制方面带来有益的研究和积极影响。
本文通过分析世界范围内绿色建筑理论和技术、绿色建筑评估体系，绿色建筑在规划、设计、建造、管理、运营的建筑全生命周期中的可持续理论、技术、流程，并以此作为路径，分析世界范围内光伏建筑一体化理论及应用技术、案例，结合中国绿色建筑产业及太阳能资源的实际情况，提出光伏建筑一体化技术在中国内蒙古地区绿色标识建筑应用中的相关设计，产品及技术标准化，技术适用性的解决方法。
本文选择内蒙古地区的绿色标识建筑以建筑物全生命周期70年的角度，在现有条件下，借鉴美国、英国和日本的绿色建筑评价体系分析，通过对内蒙古地区的绿色标识建筑与光伏建筑一体化相结合的系统进行模拟分析。根据建筑物所在地区太阳能的自然条件，以及建筑物所在地区的气象条件，建筑物所在地区的绿色建筑策略，综合确定太阳能光伏一体化的策略。利用建筑信息化模拟系统（BIM系统）与协同设计流程（IDP）有机结合的整合设计流程方法结合eQUEST软件、光伏发电模拟软件对太阳辐射分析、建筑物总体能耗和总的电能消耗分析、光伏建筑一体化系统的发电量模拟分析、光伏建筑一体化系统带来的节能与舒适度影响的分析、各种光伏部件生命周期25年内环境影响分析和投资回报收益分析。
本文通过对内蒙古地区绿色标识建筑的模拟分析与研究，选择在内蒙古地区的典型建筑物作为基准模型，使用eQUEST模拟软件对基准模型建筑物进行模拟，分析模拟结果，通过绿色建筑策略，采用整合设计流程的方法建立改进模型，改进模型中加入光伏发电的模拟数据再次模拟。最终通过两个模型的数据比照和综合分析，确定光伏建筑一体化技术在绿色建筑模型中的节能和减排的贡献率，其综合节能减排贡献率为7.9%。对光伏建筑一体化产生的电力进行模拟总结光伏发电系统的经济性，综合节省建筑用电费用18.8%。
通过对光伏建筑一体化系统与内蒙古绿色标识建筑相结合系统模拟分析得出两者相结合系统的最佳设计策略既光伏发电系统发电量最大，最节能环保；最佳的实施策略既将系统有机结合能为建筑物节能、节资；最佳的应用策略既将光伏建筑一体化技术应用于绿色建筑物对于建筑物降低能耗是最佳的应用。一方面这种最佳实践的可能性会给光伏产业带来新的经济增长点，同时带动光伏产业在产品研发，应用技术方面巨大的提升效应，促进我国光伏产业的发展；另一方面这种最佳实践体系的研究，还会为提升建筑节能效果，为减少一次不可再生化石能源的应用，减少温室气体排放以及促进社会可持续发展带来积极影响，同时为可再生能源在建筑领域的应用带来有益的促进和借鉴。
With constant consumption of primary energy sources, the importance of utilization ofnew energy is becoming more and more obvious. Among many new energy resources,solar energy is one of the most important ones, the embodiment of which is the applicationfor photovoltaic power plant. Based on the dual importance of integrated PV power plant,which on the one hand, acting as the basic components in constructing PV plant, while onthe other hand, acting as a part of renewable energy, it adjusts the energy structure of theplant itself. With the PV system’s penetrating use into practices, China has formulatedmany strategic policies relating to the encouragement of constructing of integrated PVplant in the form of gold sun form. However, China still has a lot gap to catch up withEuro-American countries in the form of scale, technology, etc. In order to make up for thegap, China has to learn from other countries the successful applicable experience,technology, marketing and relevant policies, in the meanwhile, China will have to search away of her own in designing, implementing, evaluating PV development.
This paper by adopting green building ideology, and intensively conducted systematicassessment over different stages of the green building construction, including planning,designing, constructing, managing, and operating process, leveraging green sustainabletheories, technology, procedures, new methods, and use the analysis as the route, deeplystudied the solar building integrated plan and related product application on a global scope,forecasted the development the technology with combination of China's specific situationin the industry, and pointed out the direction of the product standardizations and productinnovations in Inner Mongolia, to promote the green technology utilizations in the realpractice. Inner Mongolia has been in the leading place in the use of solar energy in Chinafor many years. The author chooses actual building as base model, with a process of mockanalysis and exploration towards typical integrated PV buildings, utilizes methods of solarradiation, energy consumption, natural lighting, analyzes mock result, establishesoptimized model, repeats the above-mentioned procedure with solar energy related method,another result will be obtained. Comparing with two different results, the authorsummarizes the practical probability of solar energy in green construction, and eventuallywill combine the integrated solution with green building plan to make it the most efficient practice in Inner Mongolia.
As to green architectures' significance in the industry, the integration plan is essentialfor promoting the technologies. However, the technology application needs to fully reflectthe ideology, theories in the process of planning, designing, and continuous operating. Byselecting Inner Mongolia's examples, referring to the US, UK, and Japan's assessmentresults, it will conclude briefly the China's integrated plan over its impact to thesurrounding environment. Based on the location natural condition and climate aspects, andlocal standards and green strategies, we will tailor made the integration plan. At thedifferent stages of the building construction we will utilize BIM to analyze the radiation,energy consumption etc. and all its integrated simulation and comfort studies, and also thesolar part life cycle environment analysis and return analysis and its applicable analysis.Based on the existing state standard over product design, the paper suggests relevantintegration plan and applicable technologies and various standard structural assumptions.Raised the green tech experiment, adjustment and improvements, conducted the returnanalysis, and assessed the integration plan's effects in energy saving and emissionreduction process. Through the continuous analysis of the BIPV system and greenarchitecture’s simulation, the result shows the combination of which will lead to maximumamount of power generation, and environmentally friendly; the best application will beadding energy saving and cost saving aspects into the plan; and the outcome of whichwould be that the combination of two systems will be greatly reduce the energyconsumption for buildings.
It is of great social significance to promote green construction, due to itsdemonstrating effect in the field of construction. At the same time, this will also bring neweconomic growing point. The application of solar energy in the field of green constructionaccelerates the development of domestic solar energy market, at the same time, it alsoimproves the energy-conservation effect for the building, reduces greenhouse gas and helpsto maintain the sustainability of social development. The author hopes that this paper is ofsome help with regard to the above-mentioned aspects.
本文通过分析世界范围内绿色建筑理论和技术、绿色建筑评估体系，绿色建筑在规划、设计、建造、管理、运营的建筑全生命周期中的可持续理论、技术、流程，并以此作为路径，分析世界范围内光伏建筑一体化理论及应用技术、案例，结合中国绿色建筑产业及太阳能资源的实际情况，提出光伏建筑一体化技术在中国内蒙古地区绿色标识建筑应用中的相关设计，产品及技术标准化，技术适用性的解决方法。
本文选择内蒙古地区的绿色标识建筑以建筑物全生命周期70年的角度，在现有条件下，借鉴美国、英国和日本的绿色建筑评价体系分析，通过对内蒙古地区的绿色标识建筑与光伏建筑一体化相结合的系统进行模拟分析。根据建筑物所在地区太阳能的自然条件，以及建筑物所在地区的气象条件，建筑物所在地区的绿色建筑策略，综合确定太阳能光伏一体化的策略。利用建筑信息化模拟系统（BIM系统）与协同设计流程（IDP）有机结合的整合设计流程方法结合eQUEST软件、光伏发电模拟软件对太阳辐射分析、建筑物总体能耗和总的电能消耗分析、光伏建筑一体化系统的发电量模拟分析、光伏建筑一体化系统带来的节能与舒适度影响的分析、各种光伏部件生命周期25年内环境影响分析和投资回报收益分析。
本文通过对内蒙古地区绿色标识建筑的模拟分析与研究，选择在内蒙古地区的典型建筑物作为基准模型，使用eQUEST模拟软件对基准模型建筑物进行模拟，分析模拟结果，通过绿色建筑策略，采用整合设计流程的方法建立改进模型，改进模型中加入光伏发电的模拟数据再次模拟。最终通过两个模型的数据比照和综合分析，确定光伏建筑一体化技术在绿色建筑模型中的节能和减排的贡献率，其综合节能减排贡献率为7.9%。对光伏建筑一体化产生的电力进行模拟总结光伏发电系统的经济性，综合节省建筑用电费用18.8%。
通过对光伏建筑一体化系统与内蒙古绿色标识建筑相结合系统模拟分析得出两者相结合系统的最佳设计策略既光伏发电系统发电量最大，最节能环保；最佳的实施策略既将系统有机结合能为建筑物节能、节资；最佳的应用策略既将光伏建筑一体化技术应用于绿色建筑物对于建筑物降低能耗是最佳的应用。一方面这种最佳实践的可能性会给光伏产业带来新的经济增长点，同时带动光伏产业在产品研发，应用技术方面巨大的提升效应，促进我国光伏产业的发展；另一方面这种最佳实践体系的研究，还会为提升建筑节能效果，为减少一次不可再生化石能源的应用，减少温室气体排放以及促进社会可持续发展带来积极影响，同时为可再生能源在建筑领域的应用带来有益的促进和借鉴。
With constant consumption of primary energy sources, the importance of utilization ofnew energy is becoming more and more obvious. Among many new energy resources,solar energy is one of the most important ones, the embodiment of which is the applicationfor photovoltaic power plant. Based on the dual importance of integrated PV power plant,which on the one hand, acting as the basic components in constructing PV plant, while onthe other hand, acting as a part of renewable energy, it adjusts the energy structure of theplant itself. With the PV system’s penetrating use into practices, China has formulatedmany strategic policies relating to the encouragement of constructing of integrated PVplant in the form of gold sun form. However, China still has a lot gap to catch up withEuro-American countries in the form of scale, technology, etc. In order to make up for thegap, China has to learn from other countries the successful applicable experience,technology, marketing and relevant policies, in the meanwhile, China will have to search away of her own in designing, implementing, evaluating PV development.
This paper by adopting green building ideology, and intensively conducted systematicassessment over different stages of the green building construction, including planning,designing, constructing, managing, and operating process, leveraging green sustainabletheories, technology, procedures, new methods, and use the analysis as the route, deeplystudied the solar building integrated plan and related product application on a global scope,forecasted the development the technology with combination of China's specific situationin the industry, and pointed out the direction of the product standardizations and productinnovations in Inner Mongolia, to promote the green technology utilizations in the realpractice. Inner Mongolia has been in the leading place in the use of solar energy in Chinafor many years. The author chooses actual building as base model, with a process of mockanalysis and exploration towards typical integrated PV buildings, utilizes methods of solarradiation, energy consumption, natural lighting, analyzes mock result, establishesoptimized model, repeats the above-mentioned procedure with solar energy related method,another result will be obtained. Comparing with two different results, the authorsummarizes the practical probability of solar energy in green construction, and eventuallywill combine the integrated solution with green building plan to make it the most efficient practice in Inner Mongolia.
As to green architectures' significance in the industry, the integration plan is essentialfor promoting the technologies. However, the technology application needs to fully reflectthe ideology, theories in the process of planning, designing, and continuous operating. Byselecting Inner Mongolia's examples, referring to the US, UK, and Japan's assessmentresults, it will conclude briefly the China's integrated plan over its impact to thesurrounding environment. Based on the location natural condition and climate aspects, andlocal standards and green strategies, we will tailor made the integration plan. At thedifferent stages of the building construction we will utilize BIM to analyze the radiation,energy consumption etc. and all its integrated simulation and comfort studies, and also thesolar part life cycle environment analysis and return analysis and its applicable analysis.Based on the existing state standard over product design, the paper suggests relevantintegration plan and applicable technologies and various standard structural assumptions.Raised the green tech experiment, adjustment and improvements, conducted the returnanalysis, and assessed the integration plan's effects in energy saving and emissionreduction process. Through the continuous analysis of the BIPV system and greenarchitecture’s simulation, the result shows the combination of which will lead to maximumamount of power generation, and environmentally friendly; the best application will beadding energy saving and cost saving aspects into the plan; and the outcome of whichwould be that the combination of two systems will be greatly reduce the energyconsumption for buildings.
It is of great social significance to promote green construction, due to itsdemonstrating effect in the field of construction. At the same time, this will also bring neweconomic growing point. The application of solar energy in the field of green constructionaccelerates the development of domestic solar energy market, at the same time, it alsoimproves the energy-conservation effect for the building, reduces greenhouse gas and helpsto maintain the sustainability of social development. The author hopes that this paper is ofsome help with regard to the above-mentioned aspects.
引文
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