六角形编织工艺、结构和性能及编织结构复合材料整合设计
|
摘要
沿织物成型方向取向的三根或多根纤维(或纱线)按不同的规律运动,从而使纤维(或纱线)倾斜交叉,并相互交织在一起,形成织物,称为编织。编织技术主要分两维编织技术与三维编织技术。两维编织是两个系列纱线相互缠绕形成的织物结构。三维编织技术是两维编织技术的延伸,三维编织结构是通过3根或3根以上纱线缠绕或交织以及位移改变而形成的整体结构,在厚度方向上一般包含三根或三根以上纱线。两维编织和三维编织产品在复合材料预制件、生物医用产品开发等方面有较广泛应用。两维编织机器结构较简单,主要有平带编织、圆形编织、径向编织等。三维编织主要有纵横编织、三维旋转编织等。为满足一些新型领域需求,开发一种能利用细丝进行微观编织的编织机器具有很大发展空间。新发明的六角形编织能满足此要求,并且具有生产多角形预制件的独特能力。因此,对三维六角形编织工艺、结构和性能进行研究具有一定意义。同时,为更好利用编织技术进行复合材料预制件设计,综合传统两维编织原理、三维编织原理以及新开发六角形编织原理开发一种编织结构预制件整体化设计软件包具有重要意义。
本文主要研究工作有：(1)六角形编织机器原理、构建方法。根据六角形编织基本原理,从硬件和软件系统两个方面分别详细讲述新型六角形编织机器的实现。(2)六角形编织结构模拟仿真。采用Matlab编程语言,基于编织结构形成过程,编写模拟六角形编织结构软件包,对六角形编织预制件细观结构进行模拟仿真。(3)六角形编织的多角形结构分析。研究利用三维六角形编织法编织多角形预制件的方法,然后针对典型三角形预制件进行详细分析,并进一步探讨主要工艺参数对该结构复合材料性能的影响。(4)编织结构预制件整合化设计软件包编写与设计参数研究。依据两维编织技术、三维编织技术、六角形编织技术基本原理编写进行编织结构预制件整合设计的软件包。然后,基于一些编织结构预制件设计结果,分别对编织工艺以及编织预制件主要参数进行系统研究分析。为合理设计编织预制件提供理论依据。
论文主要结论：
(1)所建造的六角形编织机器采用高精度步进电机驱动,基于Labview软件开发平台自定义编写程序控制,具有很大灵活性、可扩展性。该六角形编织机同时具备利用微观细丝进行精细化编织能力；可实现最大数目纱线承载。
(2)实践证明利用Matlab语言编写的模拟仿真软件包能够对六角形编织预制件微观结构进行有效模拟仿真,并且该程序具有开放性,可进一步扩展,为研究编织结构预制件内部结构提供了一个有效工具。
(3)研究发现六角形编织具有编织多角形预制件的独特能力。通过新型六角形编织预制件(三角形)的细观结构分析发现,预制件包含内部单胞、面单胞和角单胞三类单胞模型。然后对复合材料弹性常数进行研究,发现六角形编织复合材料和四步法编织复合材料力学性能存在一定差异。
(4)利用Matlab软件开发的编织结构复合材料整合设计软件包能够对两维编织、三维编织以及六角形编织预制件进行预先设计,通过一些预制件设计实例证实了该软件包的可靠性与实用性。可有效指导开发人员进行预制件设计。
(5)基于所开发的编织结构复合材料整合设计软件包,对编织工艺与编织结构预制件进行参数化研究,发现以下规律：对两维编织而言,编织速度与编织角度存在很大关系；编织纱和轴纱线密度及其比率对纤维体积分数都具有重要影响。对三维编织而言,编织尺寸由编织纱数目和编织角确定；编织角度、编织纱线粗细对纤维体积分数有影响。在相同编织角下,带轴纱六角形编织结构具有比带轴纱笛卡尔式编织结构更高纤维体积分数；但在不含轴纱情况下,笛卡尔式编织纤维体积分数要高于六角形编织。
A braid is a complex structure or pattern formed by intertwining three or more yarns or fibers along fabric forming direction. The braiding technology mainly includes two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) braiding techniques.2D braiding technology is an skill in which a braid is formed by interwineing two sets of yarns.3D braiding technology is an extension of2D braiding technology. Several types of2D braiding machines exist such as flat braiding machine, circular braiding machine,radical braiding machine and so on.3D braiding can be classified as Catesian (track and column) braiding and rotary3-D (horngear) braiding. To meet the requirement of new fileds, development of a new braiding machine which can use micofilament to braid is promising. The novel hexagonal braiding machine can meet the need and is capability of fabricating polygonal cross-sectional preforms. Therefore, it is of benefit to investgate the process, structures, properties of hexagonal braiding. Meanwhile, it is of great value to develop a integrated design package to guide the design of braided preforms based on the principles of traditional2D braiding,3D braiding and novel3D hexagonal braiding.
The main research in the thesis includes:(1) The principle and building of hexagonal braiding machine. According to principle of hexagonal braiding, achievement of hexagonal braiding was investigated from hardware and software system aspects.(2) Simulation of hexagonal braiding. A software package for simulating the hexagonal braided structures was developed based on hexagonal braiding process by Matlab programme.(3) Hexagonal braided structures with polygonal cross-sections were analysized. The method to fabricate polygonal structures using hexagonal braiding was introduced and a type of braids with triangular cross-section was studied in detail.(4) Software package for integrated design for manufacturing of braided preforms and parametric study. According to principles of2D braiding and3D braiding technology and hexagonal braiding, a software package for integrated design of braided preform was programmed. Based on design results of different preforms, some important parameters of braiding process and braided preforms were studied. It provides theoretical basis for designing braided preforms.
Conclusion:
(1) The hexagonal braiding machine built is very flexibility, ease to enlarge as it is controlled by high precision digital step motor and control software system is programmed through open Labview platform. The braider is able to precisely fabricate fabric using microfilaments. Maximum number of yarns can be loaded in limited area.
(2) It is proved the software package developed by Matlab can effectively process simulation of hexagonal braided preforms. The program is open and could be further expanded. It could be an important tool to investigate interior structures of hexagonal braided performs.
(3) It is found that hexagonal braiding has unique capability of fabricating preform with polygonal cross-section. Through microscopic analysis of braided structure with triangular cross-section, it can be seen the preform is consist of interior cells, facial cells and corner cells. The properties of hexagonal braided composites were studied. The results show some differences between hexagonal braided composite and4step braided composites.
(4) The software package developed using can be used as a useful tool to process design of2D braiding,3D braiding and hexagonal braiding. Its reliability and practicality is shown by some samples.
(5) Based on integrated design software package, some important parameters were studied. The results show braiding speed and braiding angle have a great matter and the linear density and their ratio have great effect on fiber volume fraction of preform for2D braiding. For3D braiding, the dimension of preform is determined by number of braiding yarn and braiding angle. Also, given parameters of a preform, the machine set-up can be derived; Braiding angle and linear density of braiding yarn have effects on fiber volume fraction of braided preform. Fiber volume fraction of hexagonal braided preform without axial yarn is lower than that of4-step braided preform without axial yarn. But it is converse with axial yarns.
本文主要研究工作有：(1)六角形编织机器原理、构建方法。根据六角形编织基本原理,从硬件和软件系统两个方面分别详细讲述新型六角形编织机器的实现。(2)六角形编织结构模拟仿真。采用Matlab编程语言,基于编织结构形成过程,编写模拟六角形编织结构软件包,对六角形编织预制件细观结构进行模拟仿真。(3)六角形编织的多角形结构分析。研究利用三维六角形编织法编织多角形预制件的方法,然后针对典型三角形预制件进行详细分析,并进一步探讨主要工艺参数对该结构复合材料性能的影响。(4)编织结构预制件整合化设计软件包编写与设计参数研究。依据两维编织技术、三维编织技术、六角形编织技术基本原理编写进行编织结构预制件整合设计的软件包。然后,基于一些编织结构预制件设计结果,分别对编织工艺以及编织预制件主要参数进行系统研究分析。为合理设计编织预制件提供理论依据。
论文主要结论：
(1)所建造的六角形编织机器采用高精度步进电机驱动,基于Labview软件开发平台自定义编写程序控制,具有很大灵活性、可扩展性。该六角形编织机同时具备利用微观细丝进行精细化编织能力；可实现最大数目纱线承载。
(2)实践证明利用Matlab语言编写的模拟仿真软件包能够对六角形编织预制件微观结构进行有效模拟仿真,并且该程序具有开放性,可进一步扩展,为研究编织结构预制件内部结构提供了一个有效工具。
(3)研究发现六角形编织具有编织多角形预制件的独特能力。通过新型六角形编织预制件(三角形)的细观结构分析发现,预制件包含内部单胞、面单胞和角单胞三类单胞模型。然后对复合材料弹性常数进行研究,发现六角形编织复合材料和四步法编织复合材料力学性能存在一定差异。
(4)利用Matlab软件开发的编织结构复合材料整合设计软件包能够对两维编织、三维编织以及六角形编织预制件进行预先设计,通过一些预制件设计实例证实了该软件包的可靠性与实用性。可有效指导开发人员进行预制件设计。
(5)基于所开发的编织结构复合材料整合设计软件包,对编织工艺与编织结构预制件进行参数化研究,发现以下规律：对两维编织而言,编织速度与编织角度存在很大关系；编织纱和轴纱线密度及其比率对纤维体积分数都具有重要影响。对三维编织而言,编织尺寸由编织纱数目和编织角确定；编织角度、编织纱线粗细对纤维体积分数有影响。在相同编织角下,带轴纱六角形编织结构具有比带轴纱笛卡尔式编织结构更高纤维体积分数；但在不含轴纱情况下,笛卡尔式编织纤维体积分数要高于六角形编织。
A braid is a complex structure or pattern formed by intertwining three or more yarns or fibers along fabric forming direction. The braiding technology mainly includes two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) braiding techniques.2D braiding technology is an skill in which a braid is formed by interwineing two sets of yarns.3D braiding technology is an extension of2D braiding technology. Several types of2D braiding machines exist such as flat braiding machine, circular braiding machine,radical braiding machine and so on.3D braiding can be classified as Catesian (track and column) braiding and rotary3-D (horngear) braiding. To meet the requirement of new fileds, development of a new braiding machine which can use micofilament to braid is promising. The novel hexagonal braiding machine can meet the need and is capability of fabricating polygonal cross-sectional preforms. Therefore, it is of benefit to investgate the process, structures, properties of hexagonal braiding. Meanwhile, it is of great value to develop a integrated design package to guide the design of braided preforms based on the principles of traditional2D braiding,3D braiding and novel3D hexagonal braiding.
The main research in the thesis includes:(1) The principle and building of hexagonal braiding machine. According to principle of hexagonal braiding, achievement of hexagonal braiding was investigated from hardware and software system aspects.(2) Simulation of hexagonal braiding. A software package for simulating the hexagonal braided structures was developed based on hexagonal braiding process by Matlab programme.(3) Hexagonal braided structures with polygonal cross-sections were analysized. The method to fabricate polygonal structures using hexagonal braiding was introduced and a type of braids with triangular cross-section was studied in detail.(4) Software package for integrated design for manufacturing of braided preforms and parametric study. According to principles of2D braiding and3D braiding technology and hexagonal braiding, a software package for integrated design of braided preform was programmed. Based on design results of different preforms, some important parameters of braiding process and braided preforms were studied. It provides theoretical basis for designing braided preforms.
Conclusion:
(1) The hexagonal braiding machine built is very flexibility, ease to enlarge as it is controlled by high precision digital step motor and control software system is programmed through open Labview platform. The braider is able to precisely fabricate fabric using microfilaments. Maximum number of yarns can be loaded in limited area.
(2) It is proved the software package developed by Matlab can effectively process simulation of hexagonal braided preforms. The program is open and could be further expanded. It could be an important tool to investigate interior structures of hexagonal braided performs.
(3) It is found that hexagonal braiding has unique capability of fabricating preform with polygonal cross-section. Through microscopic analysis of braided structure with triangular cross-section, it can be seen the preform is consist of interior cells, facial cells and corner cells. The properties of hexagonal braided composites were studied. The results show some differences between hexagonal braided composite and4step braided composites.
(4) The software package developed using can be used as a useful tool to process design of2D braiding,3D braiding and hexagonal braiding. Its reliability and practicality is shown by some samples.
(5) Based on integrated design software package, some important parameters were studied. The results show braiding speed and braiding angle have a great matter and the linear density and their ratio have great effect on fiber volume fraction of preform for2D braiding. For3D braiding, the dimension of preform is determined by number of braiding yarn and braiding angle. Also, given parameters of a preform, the machine set-up can be derived; Braiding angle and linear density of braiding yarn have effects on fiber volume fraction of braided preform. Fiber volume fraction of hexagonal braided preform without axial yarn is lower than that of4-step braided preform without axial yarn. But it is converse with axial yarns.
引文
[1]Ko FK, Pastore CM and Head AA. Handbook on Industrial Braiding. Atkins & Pearce, Covington, Kentucky,1989:
[2]http://www.heinke.de
[3]http://www.herzog-online.com
[4]Florentine RA. US Patent 4,312,261.January 26,1982
[5]Brown RT. US Patent 4,753,150.June 28,1988
[6]McConnell RF. US Patent 4,719,837.January 19,1988
[7]Brookstein D, Rose D, Dent R, Dent J and Skelton J. US Patent 5,501,133.March 26,1996
[8]Byun. Process-microstructure-performance relationships of three-dimensional textile composites.University of Delaware,1991
[9]www.herzog-online.com (10.01.2008)
[10]Krenzler E. GB Patent 380,681. September 22,1932
[11]Tsuzuki M and Fukuta K. US Patent 5,067,525. November 26,1991
[12]Dow RM. New concept for multiple directional fabric formation.21st International SAMPE Technical Conference, September 25-28,1989:558-566
[13]Mungalov D and Bogdanovich AE. US Patent 6,439,096. August 27,2002
[14]Ko KF, Schreiber F, Yang HJ, et al. Recent advancements in three dimensional Braiding. Proceedings of the 1st World Conference 3D-fabrics and Their Applications. Manchester, UK, 2008:10-11
[15]Kostar TD and Chou TW. Process simulation and fabrication of advanced multi-step three-dimensional braided preforms. Journal of Materials Science,1994,29(8):2159-2167.
[16]Adanur S and Liao TY.3D modeling of textile composite preforms. Composites Part B Engineering,1998,29(6):787-793
[17]Liao TY and Adanur S. A novel approach to three-dimensional modeling of interlaced fabric structures. Textile Research Journal,1998,68(11):841-847
[18]Schneider M, Pickett AK and Wulfhorst B. A new rotary braiding machine and CAE procedures to produce efficient 3D-braided textiles for composites. Covina:Soc Advancement Material & Process Engineering,2000:266-276
[19]Wang YQ and Sun XK. Digital-element simulation of textile processes. Composites Science and Technology,2001,61 (2):311-319
[20]Zhou GM, Sun XJ and Wang YQ. Multi-chain digital element analysis in textile mechanics. Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(2):239-244
[21]Sun XK. Micro-geometry of 3-D braided tubular preform. Journal of Composite Materials, 2004,38(9):791-798
[22]Zhang MZ and Li HJ. Automatically generated geometric description of 3D braided rectangle preform. Computational Materials Science,2007,39(4):836-841
[23]Miao YY, Zhou E, Wang YQ et al. Mechanics of textile composites:Micro-geometry. Composites Science and Technology,2008,68(7-8):1671-1678
[24]Tolosana N, Koissin V, Lomov SV et al. Measurements of yarn paths in 3D braids. Advanced Composites Letters,2007,16(5):161-165
[25]Tolosana N, Lomov S, Stuve J et al. Development of a Simulation Tool for 3D Braiding Architectures. AIP Conference Proceedings,2007,907(1):1005-1010
[26]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Analysis of Geometrical Parameters using a CAD System for a 3-D Braided Preform. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(10):922-935
[27]Kyosev Y, Brucken A, Tillmanns A et al. Modeling of the Geometry and Numerical Calculation of the Elasticity Parameters of 3D Braided Shapes. Lancaster:Destech Publications, Inc,2008:255-263
[28]Pickett AK, Sirtautas J, Erber A. Braiding Simulation and Prediction of Mechanical Properties. Applied Composite Materials,2009,16(6):345-364
[29]张小萍,王君泽.基于VRML的矩形截面三维编织物虚拟设计.上海纺织科技,2005,33(8)：31-33
[30]张小萍,王君泽.虚拟技术在三维编织物设计及仿真中的应用.宇航材料工艺,2005,(1)：37-40
[31]赵雷新,陈利,李兰友.三维编织预成型仿真系统的设计与实现.仪器仪表用户,2005,12(5)：37-39
[32]赵雷新.异性构件三维编织预成型仿真系统的设计与实现.天津工业大学博士论文,2005
[33]邵将,温卫东,崔海涛.三维纵横步进编织预成型件的计算机仿真.纺织学报,2008,29：129-132
[34]邵将,温卫东,崔海涛.三维四步法编织复合材料结构的计算机仿真.南京航空航天大学学报,2009,41(1)：36-40
[35]袁雅娟,顾伯洪,丁辛.三维编织物纱线空间构型的数学表达.东华大学学报,2003,29(2)：11-16
[36]龙霞.三维编织(方形)异型结构计算机辅助设计(CAD)系统：天津工业大学博士论文,2004
[37]曹红蓓.三维编织物结构分析与计算机仿真[D]：南京理工大学博士论文,2002
[38]曹红蓓,王君泽,瞿畅等.矩形及其组合横截面立体编织物三维动画仿真探索.上海纺织科技,2004,32(2)：50-52
[39]曹红蓓,王君泽,瞿畅等.管状立体编织物三维动画仿真探索.纺织学报,2004,25(5)：71-73
[40]董纪伟,孙良新,平洪.三维编织复合材料宏细观结构的计算机图形模拟.新材料新工艺,2004,4：21-24
[41]汪博峰.三维编织复合材料几何成型仿真及其算法研究.华中科技大学博士论文,2006.
[42]Zhang W, Ding X and Li YL. Microstructure of 3D braided preform for composites, with complex rectangular cross-section. Journal of Composite Materials,2007,41(25):2975-2983
[43]Ko FK. Tensile strength and modulus of a three dimensional braid composite. In:Whitney JM, ed. Composite Materials:Testing and Design. Philadelphia:American Society for Testing Material,1986:392-403
[44]Ma CL, Yang JM, Chow TW. Elastic Stiffness of Three-Dimensional Braided Textile Structural Composites. In:Whitney J M, ed. Proceedings of the Composite Materials: Testing and Design, Philadelphia:American Society for Testing Material,1986:404-421
[45]Yang JM, Ma CL, Chou TW. Fibre inclination model of three-dimensional textile structural composites[J]. Journal of Composites Materials,1986,20(5):472-484
[46]Wu DL. Three-cell model and 5D braided structural composites. Composites Science and Technology,1996,56(3):225-233
[47]Wang YQ and Sun XK. Digital element simulation of textile processes. Composites Science and Technology,2001,61(2):311-319
[48]Sun XK and Wang YQ. Geometry of 3-D braiding rectangular preform with axial yarns. 46th International SAMPE Symposium, Long Beach California,2001:245-253
[49]Zhou G, Sun XK and Wang YQ. Multi-chain digital element analysis in textile mechanics. Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(2):239-244
[50]Tang Z X and Postle R. Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials:Part Ⅰ-Fabric structure and fiber volume fraction. Composite Structures,2000, 49(4):451-459
[51]Tang Z X and Postle R, Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials:Part Ⅱ-Predicton of the elastic moduli. Composite Structures,2001,51(4):451-457
[52]Tang Z X and Postle R. Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials Ⅲ:Nonlinear finite element deformation analysis. Composite Structures,2002, 55(3):307-317
[53]Lee W, Kim JH, Shin HJ et al. Constitutive equations based on cell modeling method for 3D circular braided glass fiber reinforced composites. Fibers and Polymers,2003,4(2):77-83
[54]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Prediction of mechanical properties of 3-D braided composite using CAD system. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(2):174-182
[55]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Analysis of Geometrical Parameters using a CAD System for a 3-D Braided Preform. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(10):922-935
[56]Li DS, Lu ZX, Lu WS. Theoretical prediction of stiffness and strength of three-dimensional and four-directional braided composites. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics-English Edition,2008,29(2):163-170
[57]Li DS, Lu ZX, Chen L et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of three-dimensional five-directional braided composites. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009, 46(18-19):3422-3432
[58]Li DS, Li JL, Chen L, Li JL. Microstructure and unit-cell geometry of four-step three-dimensional rectangular braided composites. Journal of Reinforcement Plastics and composites.2010,29(22):3353-3363
[59]Li DS, Li JL, Chen L, Lu ZX and Fang DN. Finite element analysis of mechanical properties of 3D four-directional rectangular braided composites part 1:microgeometry and 3D finite element model. Applied Composite Materials,2010,17(4):373-387
[60]Lei C, Cai YJ, Ko FK. Finite element analysis of 3-D braided composites. Advances in Engineering Software,1992,14(3):187-194
[61]Kalidindi RS and Franco E. Numerical evaluation of isostrain and weighted-average models for elastic moduli of three dimensional composite.Composites Science and Technology, 1997,57(3):191-305
[62]Chen L, Tao XM and Choy CL. Mechanical analysis of 3-D braided composites by the finite multiphase element method. Composites Science and Technology,1999,59(16):2383-2391
[63]Chen L, Tao XM and Choy CL. On the microstructure of three-dimensional braided preforms. Composites Science and Technology,1999,59(3):391-404
[64]Zeng T, Wu LZ and Guo LC. Mechanical analysis of 3D braided composites:a finite element model. Composite Structures,2004,64(3-4):399-404
[65]Zeng T, Wu LZ, Guo LC. A finite element model for failure analysis of 3D braided composites. Materials Science and Engineering A,2004,366(1):144-151
[66]Sun X, Sun C. Mechanical properties of three-dimensional braided composites. Composite Structures,2004,65(3-4):485-492
[67]Miravete A, Bielsa JM, Chiminelli A et al.3D mesomechanical analysis of three-axial braided composite materials. Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(15):2954-2964
[68]孙慧玉,吴长春,卞恩荣.三维编织复合材料面内刚度和强度性能研究.复合材料学报,1998,15(4)：102-106
[69]孙颖,李嘉禄,亢一澜.二步法三维编织复合材料弹性性能的有限元法预报.复合材料学报,2005,22(1)：108-113
[70]刘振国,陆萌,麦汉超等.三维四向编织复合材料弹性模量数值预报.北京航空航天大学学报,2000,26(2)：182-185
[71]庞宝君,曾涛,杜善义.三维多向编织复合材料有效弹性模量的细观计算力学分析.计算力学学报,2001,18(2)：231-234
[72]冯淼林,吴长春,孙慧玉.三维均匀化方法预测编织复合材料等效弹性模量.材料科学与工程,2001,19(3)：34-37
[73]杨振宇,卢子兴.三维四向编织复合材料弹性性能的理论预报.复合材料学报,2004,21(2)：134-141
[74]徐煜,许希武,汪海.三维四向编织复合材料的几何建模及刚度预报.复合材料学报,2005,22(1)：133-138
[75]卢子兴,冯志海,寇长河等.编织复合材料拉伸力学性能的研究.复合材料学报,1999,16(3)：129-134
[76]Ko FK:Textile Structural Composites. Elsevier, Amsterdam,1989:129
[77]Kostar TD, Chou TW. Microstructural Design of Advanced Multi-Step Three-Dimensional Braided Preforms. Journal of Composite Materials,1994,28(13):1180-1201
[78]Ko FK. Braiding. Engineered materials handbook, Vol.1:Composites. ASM International, 1987:519-528
[79]Labview User Manual. National Instruments Corporation,2003
[80]Schreiber F, Ko KF, Yang HJ et al. Novel three dimensional braiding approach and its application.17th International Conference on Composite Materials. Edinburgh. London IOM Communications,2009:27-31
[81]成铃.三维编织的计算机模拟技术.天津工业大学学报,2001,2(21)：26-29
[82]张美玲,李贺军,李可智.三维编织复合材料矩形预制件仿真.航空学报,2006,5(27)：985-988
[83]王毅强,张立同,成来飞.三维编织体复合材料空间几何结构的计算机模拟.航空材料学报,2008,2(28)：95-98
[84]刘卫国等.MATLAB程序设计与应用(第2版).高等教育出版社,2006
[85]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-spline
[86]Byun JH, C TW. Process-Microstructure relationships of 2-step and 4-step braided composites. Composites Science and Technology,1996,56(3):235-251
[87]Du GW, Ko FK. Unit cell geometry of 3-D braiding structures. Journal of reinforced plastics and composites,1993,12(7):752-767
[88]Kaw AK. Mechanics of Composite Materials, Second Edition. Taylor&Francis,2006
[89]Du GW and Ko FK. Analysis and design of 2-D braided performs for composite reinforcement. ICCM/9, Madrid,1993
[90]Whyte DW. One the structure and properties of 3D braid reinforced composites[D]. Drexel University,1986
[91]Liao, D. Elastic behavior of 3D braided composites under compressive loading[D]. Drexel University,1990
[92]Tan, TM, Pastore, CM and Ko FK. Engineering design of tough ceramic matrix composites for turbine components. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1991,113(2): 312-317
[93]Ko FK and Chritipher MP. Structure and properties of an integrated 3-D fabric for structural composite. Recent Advances in Composites in the United States and Japan, ASTM,1985:428-439
[94]Matlab GUI编程中文参考手册.http://www.91tech.net/Article/SoftTech/Matlab/200412/218.html
[95]Brunnschweiler D. Braids and braiding, Journal of Textile Institude,1953; 44(9):667-86.
[96]Brunnschweiler D. The structure and tensile properties of braids. Journal of Textile Institude, 1954,45(1):55-77
[97]Yang G, Pastore CM and so on. CAD/CAM of braided performs for advanced composites, Proceedings, Advanced Composites Ⅲ-Expanding the technology, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio,1987:103-107
[98]Kruesi, AH and Kruesi DC. Preparing to manufacture 4 Axis Computer Controlled Braided Composite Structures, Atkins and Pearce handbook of industrial Braiding,1989
[99]Du GW, Popper P and Chou TW. Process Model of circular Braiding for Complex shaped Preform Manufacturing. Proceedings of Symposium on Processing of Polymers and Polymer Composites, ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas,1990
[100]Potluri P, Rawal A and so on, Geometrical modelling and control of a triaxial braiding machine for producing 3D preforms. Composites Part A:applied science and manufacturing,2003,34:481-492
[101]Du GW, and Ko FK. Unit cell geometry of triaxial braided structures. Proceeding of Advanced Composites Conference and Exposition, Chicago, Illinois,1992
[102]Du GW, Popper P. Analysis of a circular braiding process for complex shapes. Journal of Textile Institude,1994,85(3):316-337
[103]Gao YT, Ko FK, and Hu H. Integrated design of manufacturing of braided preforms for composites Part Ⅰ:2D braiding, Applied Composite Materials.
[104]范钦珊等.材料力学.高等教育出版社,2005：75-77
[105]Gao YT, Ko FK, and Hu H. Integrated design of manufacturing of braided preforms for composites Part Ⅱ:3D braiding, Applied Composite Materials
[2]http://www.heinke.de
[3]http://www.herzog-online.com
[4]Florentine RA. US Patent 4,312,261.January 26,1982
[5]Brown RT. US Patent 4,753,150.June 28,1988
[6]McConnell RF. US Patent 4,719,837.January 19,1988
[7]Brookstein D, Rose D, Dent R, Dent J and Skelton J. US Patent 5,501,133.March 26,1996
[8]Byun. Process-microstructure-performance relationships of three-dimensional textile composites.University of Delaware,1991
[9]www.herzog-online.com (10.01.2008)
[10]Krenzler E. GB Patent 380,681. September 22,1932
[11]Tsuzuki M and Fukuta K. US Patent 5,067,525. November 26,1991
[12]Dow RM. New concept for multiple directional fabric formation.21st International SAMPE Technical Conference, September 25-28,1989:558-566
[13]Mungalov D and Bogdanovich AE. US Patent 6,439,096. August 27,2002
[14]Ko KF, Schreiber F, Yang HJ, et al. Recent advancements in three dimensional Braiding. Proceedings of the 1st World Conference 3D-fabrics and Their Applications. Manchester, UK, 2008:10-11
[15]Kostar TD and Chou TW. Process simulation and fabrication of advanced multi-step three-dimensional braided preforms. Journal of Materials Science,1994,29(8):2159-2167.
[16]Adanur S and Liao TY.3D modeling of textile composite preforms. Composites Part B Engineering,1998,29(6):787-793
[17]Liao TY and Adanur S. A novel approach to three-dimensional modeling of interlaced fabric structures. Textile Research Journal,1998,68(11):841-847
[18]Schneider M, Pickett AK and Wulfhorst B. A new rotary braiding machine and CAE procedures to produce efficient 3D-braided textiles for composites. Covina:Soc Advancement Material & Process Engineering,2000:266-276
[19]Wang YQ and Sun XK. Digital-element simulation of textile processes. Composites Science and Technology,2001,61 (2):311-319
[20]Zhou GM, Sun XJ and Wang YQ. Multi-chain digital element analysis in textile mechanics. Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(2):239-244
[21]Sun XK. Micro-geometry of 3-D braided tubular preform. Journal of Composite Materials, 2004,38(9):791-798
[22]Zhang MZ and Li HJ. Automatically generated geometric description of 3D braided rectangle preform. Computational Materials Science,2007,39(4):836-841
[23]Miao YY, Zhou E, Wang YQ et al. Mechanics of textile composites:Micro-geometry. Composites Science and Technology,2008,68(7-8):1671-1678
[24]Tolosana N, Koissin V, Lomov SV et al. Measurements of yarn paths in 3D braids. Advanced Composites Letters,2007,16(5):161-165
[25]Tolosana N, Lomov S, Stuve J et al. Development of a Simulation Tool for 3D Braiding Architectures. AIP Conference Proceedings,2007,907(1):1005-1010
[26]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Analysis of Geometrical Parameters using a CAD System for a 3-D Braided Preform. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(10):922-935
[27]Kyosev Y, Brucken A, Tillmanns A et al. Modeling of the Geometry and Numerical Calculation of the Elasticity Parameters of 3D Braided Shapes. Lancaster:Destech Publications, Inc,2008:255-263
[28]Pickett AK, Sirtautas J, Erber A. Braiding Simulation and Prediction of Mechanical Properties. Applied Composite Materials,2009,16(6):345-364
[29]张小萍,王君泽.基于VRML的矩形截面三维编织物虚拟设计.上海纺织科技,2005,33(8)：31-33
[30]张小萍,王君泽.虚拟技术在三维编织物设计及仿真中的应用.宇航材料工艺,2005,(1)：37-40
[31]赵雷新,陈利,李兰友.三维编织预成型仿真系统的设计与实现.仪器仪表用户,2005,12(5)：37-39
[32]赵雷新.异性构件三维编织预成型仿真系统的设计与实现.天津工业大学博士论文,2005
[33]邵将,温卫东,崔海涛.三维纵横步进编织预成型件的计算机仿真.纺织学报,2008,29：129-132
[34]邵将,温卫东,崔海涛.三维四步法编织复合材料结构的计算机仿真.南京航空航天大学学报,2009,41(1)：36-40
[35]袁雅娟,顾伯洪,丁辛.三维编织物纱线空间构型的数学表达.东华大学学报,2003,29(2)：11-16
[36]龙霞.三维编织(方形)异型结构计算机辅助设计(CAD)系统：天津工业大学博士论文,2004
[37]曹红蓓.三维编织物结构分析与计算机仿真[D]：南京理工大学博士论文,2002
[38]曹红蓓,王君泽,瞿畅等.矩形及其组合横截面立体编织物三维动画仿真探索.上海纺织科技,2004,32(2)：50-52
[39]曹红蓓,王君泽,瞿畅等.管状立体编织物三维动画仿真探索.纺织学报,2004,25(5)：71-73
[40]董纪伟,孙良新,平洪.三维编织复合材料宏细观结构的计算机图形模拟.新材料新工艺,2004,4：21-24
[41]汪博峰.三维编织复合材料几何成型仿真及其算法研究.华中科技大学博士论文,2006.
[42]Zhang W, Ding X and Li YL. Microstructure of 3D braided preform for composites, with complex rectangular cross-section. Journal of Composite Materials,2007,41(25):2975-2983
[43]Ko FK. Tensile strength and modulus of a three dimensional braid composite. In:Whitney JM, ed. Composite Materials:Testing and Design. Philadelphia:American Society for Testing Material,1986:392-403
[44]Ma CL, Yang JM, Chow TW. Elastic Stiffness of Three-Dimensional Braided Textile Structural Composites. In:Whitney J M, ed. Proceedings of the Composite Materials: Testing and Design, Philadelphia:American Society for Testing Material,1986:404-421
[45]Yang JM, Ma CL, Chou TW. Fibre inclination model of three-dimensional textile structural composites[J]. Journal of Composites Materials,1986,20(5):472-484
[46]Wu DL. Three-cell model and 5D braided structural composites. Composites Science and Technology,1996,56(3):225-233
[47]Wang YQ and Sun XK. Digital element simulation of textile processes. Composites Science and Technology,2001,61(2):311-319
[48]Sun XK and Wang YQ. Geometry of 3-D braiding rectangular preform with axial yarns. 46th International SAMPE Symposium, Long Beach California,2001:245-253
[49]Zhou G, Sun XK and Wang YQ. Multi-chain digital element analysis in textile mechanics. Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(2):239-244
[50]Tang Z X and Postle R. Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials:Part Ⅰ-Fabric structure and fiber volume fraction. Composite Structures,2000, 49(4):451-459
[51]Tang Z X and Postle R, Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials:Part Ⅱ-Predicton of the elastic moduli. Composite Structures,2001,51(4):451-457
[52]Tang Z X and Postle R. Mechanics of three-dimensional braided structures for composite materials Ⅲ:Nonlinear finite element deformation analysis. Composite Structures,2002, 55(3):307-317
[53]Lee W, Kim JH, Shin HJ et al. Constitutive equations based on cell modeling method for 3D circular braided glass fiber reinforced composites. Fibers and Polymers,2003,4(2):77-83
[54]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Prediction of mechanical properties of 3-D braided composite using CAD system. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(2):174-182
[55]Kang TJ, Kim S and Jung K. Analysis of Geometrical Parameters using a CAD System for a 3-D Braided Preform. Textile Research Journal,2008,78(10):922-935
[56]Li DS, Lu ZX, Lu WS. Theoretical prediction of stiffness and strength of three-dimensional and four-directional braided composites. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics-English Edition,2008,29(2):163-170
[57]Li DS, Lu ZX, Chen L et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of three-dimensional five-directional braided composites. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009, 46(18-19):3422-3432
[58]Li DS, Li JL, Chen L, Li JL. Microstructure and unit-cell geometry of four-step three-dimensional rectangular braided composites. Journal of Reinforcement Plastics and composites.2010,29(22):3353-3363
[59]Li DS, Li JL, Chen L, Lu ZX and Fang DN. Finite element analysis of mechanical properties of 3D four-directional rectangular braided composites part 1:microgeometry and 3D finite element model. Applied Composite Materials,2010,17(4):373-387
[60]Lei C, Cai YJ, Ko FK. Finite element analysis of 3-D braided composites. Advances in Engineering Software,1992,14(3):187-194
[61]Kalidindi RS and Franco E. Numerical evaluation of isostrain and weighted-average models for elastic moduli of three dimensional composite.Composites Science and Technology, 1997,57(3):191-305
[62]Chen L, Tao XM and Choy CL. Mechanical analysis of 3-D braided composites by the finite multiphase element method. Composites Science and Technology,1999,59(16):2383-2391
[63]Chen L, Tao XM and Choy CL. On the microstructure of three-dimensional braided preforms. Composites Science and Technology,1999,59(3):391-404
[64]Zeng T, Wu LZ and Guo LC. Mechanical analysis of 3D braided composites:a finite element model. Composite Structures,2004,64(3-4):399-404
[65]Zeng T, Wu LZ, Guo LC. A finite element model for failure analysis of 3D braided composites. Materials Science and Engineering A,2004,366(1):144-151
[66]Sun X, Sun C. Mechanical properties of three-dimensional braided composites. Composite Structures,2004,65(3-4):485-492
[67]Miravete A, Bielsa JM, Chiminelli A et al.3D mesomechanical analysis of three-axial braided composite materials. Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(15):2954-2964
[68]孙慧玉,吴长春,卞恩荣.三维编织复合材料面内刚度和强度性能研究.复合材料学报,1998,15(4)：102-106
[69]孙颖,李嘉禄,亢一澜.二步法三维编织复合材料弹性性能的有限元法预报.复合材料学报,2005,22(1)：108-113
[70]刘振国,陆萌,麦汉超等.三维四向编织复合材料弹性模量数值预报.北京航空航天大学学报,2000,26(2)：182-185
[71]庞宝君,曾涛,杜善义.三维多向编织复合材料有效弹性模量的细观计算力学分析.计算力学学报,2001,18(2)：231-234
[72]冯淼林,吴长春,孙慧玉.三维均匀化方法预测编织复合材料等效弹性模量.材料科学与工程,2001,19(3)：34-37
[73]杨振宇,卢子兴.三维四向编织复合材料弹性性能的理论预报.复合材料学报,2004,21(2)：134-141
[74]徐煜,许希武,汪海.三维四向编织复合材料的几何建模及刚度预报.复合材料学报,2005,22(1)：133-138
[75]卢子兴,冯志海,寇长河等.编织复合材料拉伸力学性能的研究.复合材料学报,1999,16(3)：129-134
[76]Ko FK:Textile Structural Composites. Elsevier, Amsterdam,1989:129
[77]Kostar TD, Chou TW. Microstructural Design of Advanced Multi-Step Three-Dimensional Braided Preforms. Journal of Composite Materials,1994,28(13):1180-1201
[78]Ko FK. Braiding. Engineered materials handbook, Vol.1:Composites. ASM International, 1987:519-528
[79]Labview User Manual. National Instruments Corporation,2003
[80]Schreiber F, Ko KF, Yang HJ et al. Novel three dimensional braiding approach and its application.17th International Conference on Composite Materials. Edinburgh. London IOM Communications,2009:27-31
[81]成铃.三维编织的计算机模拟技术.天津工业大学学报,2001,2(21)：26-29
[82]张美玲,李贺军,李可智.三维编织复合材料矩形预制件仿真.航空学报,2006,5(27)：985-988
[83]王毅强,张立同,成来飞.三维编织体复合材料空间几何结构的计算机模拟.航空材料学报,2008,2(28)：95-98
[84]刘卫国等.MATLAB程序设计与应用(第2版).高等教育出版社,2006
[85]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-spline
[86]Byun JH, C TW. Process-Microstructure relationships of 2-step and 4-step braided composites. Composites Science and Technology,1996,56(3):235-251
[87]Du GW, Ko FK. Unit cell geometry of 3-D braiding structures. Journal of reinforced plastics and composites,1993,12(7):752-767
[88]Kaw AK. Mechanics of Composite Materials, Second Edition. Taylor&Francis,2006
[89]Du GW and Ko FK. Analysis and design of 2-D braided performs for composite reinforcement. ICCM/9, Madrid,1993
[90]Whyte DW. One the structure and properties of 3D braid reinforced composites[D]. Drexel University,1986
[91]Liao, D. Elastic behavior of 3D braided composites under compressive loading[D]. Drexel University,1990
[92]Tan, TM, Pastore, CM and Ko FK. Engineering design of tough ceramic matrix composites for turbine components. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1991,113(2): 312-317
[93]Ko FK and Chritipher MP. Structure and properties of an integrated 3-D fabric for structural composite. Recent Advances in Composites in the United States and Japan, ASTM,1985:428-439
[94]Matlab GUI编程中文参考手册.http://www.91tech.net/Article/SoftTech/Matlab/200412/218.html
[95]Brunnschweiler D. Braids and braiding, Journal of Textile Institude,1953; 44(9):667-86.
[96]Brunnschweiler D. The structure and tensile properties of braids. Journal of Textile Institude, 1954,45(1):55-77
[97]Yang G, Pastore CM and so on. CAD/CAM of braided performs for advanced composites, Proceedings, Advanced Composites Ⅲ-Expanding the technology, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio,1987:103-107
[98]Kruesi, AH and Kruesi DC. Preparing to manufacture 4 Axis Computer Controlled Braided Composite Structures, Atkins and Pearce handbook of industrial Braiding,1989
[99]Du GW, Popper P and Chou TW. Process Model of circular Braiding for Complex shaped Preform Manufacturing. Proceedings of Symposium on Processing of Polymers and Polymer Composites, ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas,1990
[100]Potluri P, Rawal A and so on, Geometrical modelling and control of a triaxial braiding machine for producing 3D preforms. Composites Part A:applied science and manufacturing,2003,34:481-492
[101]Du GW, and Ko FK. Unit cell geometry of triaxial braided structures. Proceeding of Advanced Composites Conference and Exposition, Chicago, Illinois,1992
[102]Du GW, Popper P. Analysis of a circular braiding process for complex shapes. Journal of Textile Institude,1994,85(3):316-337
[103]Gao YT, Ko FK, and Hu H. Integrated design of manufacturing of braided preforms for composites Part Ⅰ:2D braiding, Applied Composite Materials.
[104]范钦珊等.材料力学.高等教育出版社,2005：75-77
[105]Gao YT, Ko FK, and Hu H. Integrated design of manufacturing of braided preforms for composites Part Ⅱ:3D braiding, Applied Composite Materials
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |