风翼助航船非线性横摇运动及其航行安全性研究
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摘要
船舶利用风能、太阳能等清洁能源作为推进船舶前进的辅助动力对于船舶的节能和减排具有积极的意义。其中,利用风能的风翼助航技术作为辅助推进船舶前进动力达到船舶节能减排日益受到人们的重视；并在一些船舶上进行了应用研究。由于风翼助航技术利用横风使风翼获得升力推进船舶前进,这使得风翼助航船在达到节能减排目的的同时,由于受到横风的作用而使风翼产生的阻力引起船舶的固定横倾角。应用风翼助航技术船舶的横摇有着不同于其他船舶横摇的一些特性。因此对应用风翼助航技术船舶的横摇的研究对于风翼助航船的安全航行有着积极的意义。
本文的主要目的是对采用风翼助航技术船舶的横摇运动进行分析并进行横摇运动趋势预报,并以太平洋某一典型区域常年海浪数据统计为基础,对风翼助航船分别在重载和轻载装载情况下的横摇倾覆概率进行量化预报。
本文应用非线性动力学理论与随机理论,研究在随机风浪作用下风翼助航船横摇的非线性动力学特性,得到了风翼助航船横摇运动方程；基于数值分析方法,对风翼助航船的横摇趋势进行预报；以太平洋某一典型区域常年海浪数据统计为基础,对风翼助航船横摇倾覆概率进行量化预报,得到的主要结论如下：
(1)在随机风浪作用下,采用风翼助航技术后的船舶,由于风翼受到横向风作用产生的阻力,使船舶在横摇运动时产生了明显的固定横倾角。长时间采用风翼助航的散货船应考虑散装货物重心转移对船舶安全性的影响。
(2)风翼助航船在轻载航行时倾覆概率比重载航行时倾覆概率大许多,采用风翼助航技术的船舶在轻载航行时应注意风翼助航技术对船舶航行安全性的影响。
(3)风翼助航船在航行中应尽量避免轻载航行或轻载航行时应减少风翼数量以提高船舶航行安全性。
The use of clean energy (wind, solar, etc.) as propulsion to drive ship forward has a positive significance for ship's energy conservation and emissions reduction. Among them, the wing-assisted technology which uses wind energy as the auxiliary propulsion to push the ship forward so as to achieve the energy saving and emission reduction is increasingly valued by people, and the applied research is developed on some ships. Because the wing-assistant technology is to get wing propulsion by using crosswind, the wing assist is affected by cross wind which causes the ship's fixed angles. The ship rolling motion caused by wing-assist technology has some features different from other ship rolling. Therefore the study of the wing-assisted ships'rolling motion has a positive significance for safe sailing.
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the wing-assisted ships'rolling motion, forecast the rolling trend and quantitative forecast the wing-assisted ships' capsizing probability in the condition of heavy and light seagoing based on the wave data of a typical Pacific region.
This paper studies on the nonlinear dynamics of wing-assisted ships'rolling motion under random waves and formulated equations of wing-assisted ships'rolling motion based on the nonlinear stochastic dynamics theory and method; forecasts the rolling trend based on numerical analysis methods; and quantitative forecasts the wing-assisted ships'capsizing probability based on the wave data of a typical Pacific region quantitative. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) In the random waves, the wing-assisted ship will generate obvious fixed roll angles due to the resistance caused by the cross wind. So the influences of barycenter's shift of bulk cargo on the security of bulk freighter should be considered if the ship using wing-assist technology for a long time.
(2) The capsizing probability is much higher when the wing-assist ship sailing with light load than heavy load, so the wing-assisted technology's effects on ship stability should be paid attention to.
(3) The wing-assist ship should try to avoid light seagoing, or decrease wings to enhance stability.
本文的主要目的是对采用风翼助航技术船舶的横摇运动进行分析并进行横摇运动趋势预报,并以太平洋某一典型区域常年海浪数据统计为基础,对风翼助航船分别在重载和轻载装载情况下的横摇倾覆概率进行量化预报。
本文应用非线性动力学理论与随机理论,研究在随机风浪作用下风翼助航船横摇的非线性动力学特性,得到了风翼助航船横摇运动方程；基于数值分析方法,对风翼助航船的横摇趋势进行预报；以太平洋某一典型区域常年海浪数据统计为基础,对风翼助航船横摇倾覆概率进行量化预报,得到的主要结论如下：
(1)在随机风浪作用下,采用风翼助航技术后的船舶,由于风翼受到横向风作用产生的阻力,使船舶在横摇运动时产生了明显的固定横倾角。长时间采用风翼助航的散货船应考虑散装货物重心转移对船舶安全性的影响。
(2)风翼助航船在轻载航行时倾覆概率比重载航行时倾覆概率大许多,采用风翼助航技术的船舶在轻载航行时应注意风翼助航技术对船舶航行安全性的影响。
(3)风翼助航船在航行中应尽量避免轻载航行或轻载航行时应减少风翼数量以提高船舶航行安全性。
The use of clean energy (wind, solar, etc.) as propulsion to drive ship forward has a positive significance for ship's energy conservation and emissions reduction. Among them, the wing-assisted technology which uses wind energy as the auxiliary propulsion to push the ship forward so as to achieve the energy saving and emission reduction is increasingly valued by people, and the applied research is developed on some ships. Because the wing-assistant technology is to get wing propulsion by using crosswind, the wing assist is affected by cross wind which causes the ship's fixed angles. The ship rolling motion caused by wing-assist technology has some features different from other ship rolling. Therefore the study of the wing-assisted ships'rolling motion has a positive significance for safe sailing.
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the wing-assisted ships'rolling motion, forecast the rolling trend and quantitative forecast the wing-assisted ships' capsizing probability in the condition of heavy and light seagoing based on the wave data of a typical Pacific region.
This paper studies on the nonlinear dynamics of wing-assisted ships'rolling motion under random waves and formulated equations of wing-assisted ships'rolling motion based on the nonlinear stochastic dynamics theory and method; forecasts the rolling trend based on numerical analysis methods; and quantitative forecasts the wing-assisted ships'capsizing probability based on the wave data of a typical Pacific region quantitative. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) In the random waves, the wing-assisted ship will generate obvious fixed roll angles due to the resistance caused by the cross wind. So the influences of barycenter's shift of bulk cargo on the security of bulk freighter should be considered if the ship using wing-assist technology for a long time.
(2) The capsizing probability is much higher when the wing-assist ship sailing with light load than heavy load, so the wing-assisted technology's effects on ship stability should be paid attention to.
(3) The wing-assist ship should try to avoid light seagoing, or decrease wings to enhance stability.
引文
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