基于信息融合的铁路行车安全监控体系及关键技术研究
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摘要
铁路是国民经济的大动脉,铁路运输安全是铁路工作的生命线,是建设和发展和谐铁路的重要保障。“十一五”以来,铁路部门不断加强安全监测设备和行车安全信息化系统建设,实施管理创新,加强安全风险管理,大大增强了保障铁路行车安全的能力,安全形势总体呈现稳定、有序可控的态势。近年来,由于高速铁路快速发展和大量新技术装备投入使用,人们对铁路行车安全提出了更高要求。
本文在总结提炼铁路行车安全监控系统主要特征的基础上,结合当代信息技术发展,以进一步提高检测数据的准确性、稳定性和可用性,提高信息综合应用价值和行车安全决策水平,全面提升铁路行车安全保障能力为目标,提出一种对行车安全监控实施全方位、多层次、跨系统的信息融合,构建铁路行车安全监控体系的新思路,并给出若干相关关键技术的解决方案。本文主要研究内容和创新如下：
1、深入分析国内、外铁路行车安全监控系统的现状和发展趋势,研究信息融合及相关安全技术基础理论,研究系统内和系统间信息融合的概念、方法和建模技术,研究提出铁路行车安全监控系统信息融合应用模式。
2、分析我国铁路行车安全监控系统应用需求、主要特征和存在的不足,结合信息融合、物联网、人工智能等先进技术,提出基于信息融合的铁路行车安全监控体系框架；研究与行车安全监控相关系统的技术架构和数据组织形式,研究提出行车安全监控体系数据集成与信息共享解决方案。从总体框架层面为建设保障能力更高的行车安全监控系统提供一种总体解决方案。
3、研究提出了基于目标决策的铁路行车安全监控系统信息融合模型,详细论述了铁路行车安全综合监控、综合报警评判、检测设备质量评价、车辆造修质量评价和货运安全风险评估等典型应用的信息融合建模思路、模型框架和建模方法,为信息融合技术在铁路行车安全领域的应用提供建模技术支撑。
4、研究在铁路车辆故障诊断中应用信息融合的几个典型技术方案。提出车辆热轴综合报警方案,以提高红外线热轴报警的准确性；设计5T检测信息融合处理方案,以实现车辆造修质量综合评价；结合TPDS在客车踏面损伤监测的应用需求,提出在客车车次定位融合处理中应用BP模型和算法的方案,以提高在客车未全部安装电子标签的过渡阶段TPDS检测信息定位的准确性。
5、研究在铁路货运计量安全检测监控系统中应用信息融合技术的方案。提出一种货运计量检测信息与确报信息匹配的流程、模型和算法,以提高检测信息与确报信息匹配率,提高检测信息利用价值：提出了货物装载状态智能报警评判的模型、算法,提高了报警的准确性；设计了车号匹配错位纠正的模型、算法,实现了车号匹配错位自动纠正；结合检测设备检测精度动态评估的应用需求,论述了利用基于D-S证据理论,建立设备检测精度动态评价模型,为评价检测设备质量提供基本依据。
Railway is the main artery of national economy. The safety of railway transportation is the lifeline of railway work, is an important guarantee for the development and construction of harmonious railway. Since the "Eleven five year", the railway departments continue to strengthen the construction of security monitoring equipment and safety information system, implement management innovation, strengthen risk management. These practices greatly enhanced the ability of the transportation safety of the railway, and security situation is generally stable, orderly and controllable. In recent years, due to the rapid development of high-speed railway and a number of new technologies and equipment put into use, people put forward higher requirements on railway operation safety.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, stability and availability, improve the comprehensive application of information value and safety decision level, enhance the support capability of railway transportation safety, this paper put forward a kind of information fusion method to implement the full range, multi-level, multi system of the railway safety monitoring, present a new idea of constructing the railway transportation safety monitoring system and solutions to several key technologies, based on the summarization of main characteristics of railway transportation safety monitoring system, combined with the development of modern information technology.
In this paper, the main research content and innovation are as follows:
1, the paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of transportation safety monitoring system at home and abroad,investigates information fusion and the relevant safety technology theory, studies the concept,method and modeling technology of information fusion for the multi levels and multisystem, and puts forward the application model of information fusion railway transportation safety monitoring system.
2, the paper summarizes and analyzes the application demand, the main features and problems of railway transportation safety monitoring system, combined with information fusion, networking, artificial intelligence and other advanced technology, puts forward the technical architecture framework of railway safety monitoring system based oninformation fusion; studies on the Technical architecture and data organization form about railway transportation safety monitoring system and presents theintegration and information sharing solution of safety monitoring system data.The above research results provide a total solution of railway safety monitoring system from the overall framework for the construction of security level higher ability.
3. the paper discusses the typical applications of information fusion modeling thinking, model architecture and modeling method which support of the railway transportation safety integrated monitoring, alarm detection equipment quality evaluation. vehicle manufacture and maintenance quality evaluation and cargo security risk assessment. It presents the information fusion model of railway transportation safety monitoring system based on objective decision, and provides modeling technical support for the application of information fusion technology in the field of railway transportation safety.
4. the paper analyzes several typical technical solutions of information fusion in the railway vehicle fault diagnosis. It presents integrated alarmprograms of vehicle Hotaxle to improve the accuracy of infrared thermography axis alarm; presents5T detection information fusion programs to achieve comprehensive assessment of repair vehicles quality; combined the application requirements of TPDS in the passenger train tread damage monitoring. and presents the scheme of BP model and algorithm in train positioning fusion to improvethe accuracy of TPDS positioning information at the transitional phase the passenger trainis not fully installed electronic tag detection.
5. the paper analyzes the scheme of information fusion technology in Railway Freight Transportation Measurement Safety Monitoring System.It presents the information processes, models and algorithms of freight transportation measuring information and reported information matching to improve matching rate of the detection information and reported information, to improve the value of detection information.it discusses the models and algorithms of cargo loading state intelligent alarm evaluation to improving accuracy of the alarm.It discusses the model and algorithm of vehicle number matching errors correction to implement automatically corrects. Combined the application requirements of dynamic evaluation to device detection accuracy, it puts forward dynamic evaluation model of device detection accuracy to provide the fundamental basis on the quality evaluation of detection device.
本文在总结提炼铁路行车安全监控系统主要特征的基础上,结合当代信息技术发展,以进一步提高检测数据的准确性、稳定性和可用性,提高信息综合应用价值和行车安全决策水平,全面提升铁路行车安全保障能力为目标,提出一种对行车安全监控实施全方位、多层次、跨系统的信息融合,构建铁路行车安全监控体系的新思路,并给出若干相关关键技术的解决方案。本文主要研究内容和创新如下：
1、深入分析国内、外铁路行车安全监控系统的现状和发展趋势,研究信息融合及相关安全技术基础理论,研究系统内和系统间信息融合的概念、方法和建模技术,研究提出铁路行车安全监控系统信息融合应用模式。
2、分析我国铁路行车安全监控系统应用需求、主要特征和存在的不足,结合信息融合、物联网、人工智能等先进技术,提出基于信息融合的铁路行车安全监控体系框架；研究与行车安全监控相关系统的技术架构和数据组织形式,研究提出行车安全监控体系数据集成与信息共享解决方案。从总体框架层面为建设保障能力更高的行车安全监控系统提供一种总体解决方案。
3、研究提出了基于目标决策的铁路行车安全监控系统信息融合模型,详细论述了铁路行车安全综合监控、综合报警评判、检测设备质量评价、车辆造修质量评价和货运安全风险评估等典型应用的信息融合建模思路、模型框架和建模方法,为信息融合技术在铁路行车安全领域的应用提供建模技术支撑。
4、研究在铁路车辆故障诊断中应用信息融合的几个典型技术方案。提出车辆热轴综合报警方案,以提高红外线热轴报警的准确性；设计5T检测信息融合处理方案,以实现车辆造修质量综合评价；结合TPDS在客车踏面损伤监测的应用需求,提出在客车车次定位融合处理中应用BP模型和算法的方案,以提高在客车未全部安装电子标签的过渡阶段TPDS检测信息定位的准确性。
5、研究在铁路货运计量安全检测监控系统中应用信息融合技术的方案。提出一种货运计量检测信息与确报信息匹配的流程、模型和算法,以提高检测信息与确报信息匹配率,提高检测信息利用价值：提出了货物装载状态智能报警评判的模型、算法,提高了报警的准确性；设计了车号匹配错位纠正的模型、算法,实现了车号匹配错位自动纠正；结合检测设备检测精度动态评估的应用需求,论述了利用基于D-S证据理论,建立设备检测精度动态评价模型,为评价检测设备质量提供基本依据。
Railway is the main artery of national economy. The safety of railway transportation is the lifeline of railway work, is an important guarantee for the development and construction of harmonious railway. Since the "Eleven five year", the railway departments continue to strengthen the construction of security monitoring equipment and safety information system, implement management innovation, strengthen risk management. These practices greatly enhanced the ability of the transportation safety of the railway, and security situation is generally stable, orderly and controllable. In recent years, due to the rapid development of high-speed railway and a number of new technologies and equipment put into use, people put forward higher requirements on railway operation safety.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, stability and availability, improve the comprehensive application of information value and safety decision level, enhance the support capability of railway transportation safety, this paper put forward a kind of information fusion method to implement the full range, multi-level, multi system of the railway safety monitoring, present a new idea of constructing the railway transportation safety monitoring system and solutions to several key technologies, based on the summarization of main characteristics of railway transportation safety monitoring system, combined with the development of modern information technology.
In this paper, the main research content and innovation are as follows:
1, the paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of transportation safety monitoring system at home and abroad,investigates information fusion and the relevant safety technology theory, studies the concept,method and modeling technology of information fusion for the multi levels and multisystem, and puts forward the application model of information fusion railway transportation safety monitoring system.
2, the paper summarizes and analyzes the application demand, the main features and problems of railway transportation safety monitoring system, combined with information fusion, networking, artificial intelligence and other advanced technology, puts forward the technical architecture framework of railway safety monitoring system based oninformation fusion; studies on the Technical architecture and data organization form about railway transportation safety monitoring system and presents theintegration and information sharing solution of safety monitoring system data.The above research results provide a total solution of railway safety monitoring system from the overall framework for the construction of security level higher ability.
3. the paper discusses the typical applications of information fusion modeling thinking, model architecture and modeling method which support of the railway transportation safety integrated monitoring, alarm detection equipment quality evaluation. vehicle manufacture and maintenance quality evaluation and cargo security risk assessment. It presents the information fusion model of railway transportation safety monitoring system based on objective decision, and provides modeling technical support for the application of information fusion technology in the field of railway transportation safety.
4. the paper analyzes several typical technical solutions of information fusion in the railway vehicle fault diagnosis. It presents integrated alarmprograms of vehicle Hotaxle to improve the accuracy of infrared thermography axis alarm; presents5T detection information fusion programs to achieve comprehensive assessment of repair vehicles quality; combined the application requirements of TPDS in the passenger train tread damage monitoring. and presents the scheme of BP model and algorithm in train positioning fusion to improvethe accuracy of TPDS positioning information at the transitional phase the passenger trainis not fully installed electronic tag detection.
5. the paper analyzes the scheme of information fusion technology in Railway Freight Transportation Measurement Safety Monitoring System.It presents the information processes, models and algorithms of freight transportation measuring information and reported information matching to improve matching rate of the detection information and reported information, to improve the value of detection information.it discusses the models and algorithms of cargo loading state intelligent alarm evaluation to improving accuracy of the alarm.It discusses the model and algorithm of vehicle number matching errors correction to implement automatically corrects. Combined the application requirements of dynamic evaluation to device detection accuracy, it puts forward dynamic evaluation model of device detection accuracy to provide the fundamental basis on the quality evaluation of detection device.
引文
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