冻结深立井钢筋混凝土井壁温度场与温度应力研究
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摘要
大体积混凝土结构由于温度的变化会产生很大的拉应力,要把这种由温度变化而产生的拉应力控制在允许范围内,就需要对混凝土的温度进行控制。影响控制混凝土温度的变化因素较多,引起混凝土裂缝的机理也较为复杂,目前为止,依然难以准确地模拟和预计各种多变因素对混凝土裂缝发生以及发展而产生的影响。本文以淮南矿业集团矿井井壁大体积高高性能混凝土为科学研究背景,首先从混凝土水化热分析的理论出发,阐述了热传导方程在混凝土裂缝控制中的应用,求解热力学所需要的边界条件和初始条件,有限元分析的显式与隐式解法,分析混凝土水化热仿真分析所需要的热力学参数;在对混凝土热力学参数进行确定之后,应用ANSYS结构热力学有限元分析软件热单元SOLID70对该集矿井井壁温度场、温度应力、应变进行了仿真分析,通过理论分析、现场监测、数值模拟研究探讨了井壁混凝土在冻结工况条件下温度场和应力场的变化及分布规律。研究的主要内容有：
1.对深冻结井井壁高强高性能混凝土的配合比进行了实验室和现场试验研究,在添加高效减水剂的前提条件下,通过使用三种矿物掺和料(粉煤灰、硅粉和磨细矿渣)技术,研究配制的混凝土满足了高强、早强的要求,同时还提高了混凝土的耐久性和后期强度。
2.依据冻土的物理力学性质和混凝土水化热特性,分析了冻结法施工凿井井壁混凝土的不同组成成分对混凝土强度等性能的影响,研究了井壁混凝土放热性能及水化热的产生机理和理论分析方法。
3.结合冻结法施工凿井施工过程,对井壁混凝土施工过程中温度、应力变化进行监测与分析,得到了井壁和冻结壁温度场分布变化规律,冻胀压力变化规律和井壁钢筋混凝土的受力规律。
4.对冻土进行室内物理力学性能试验研究,得出冻土比热、导热系数以及冻土力学基本参数。
5.混凝土水化热温升模型分别采用指数式、双曲线式和复合指数式进行试算,将计算结果与实测平均温度对比,确定了合适的的水化热升温模型。
6.考虑了混凝土水化放热情况,建立了冻结法施工凿井冻结壁井壁温度场数值计算模型,运用有限元软件ANSYS对冻结井壁温度场进行计算,得到了冻结井壁温度场分布变化特性。
7.导入温度场计算结果,采用三种不同计算方案,对井壁温度场应进行有限元分析计算计算,得出井壁温度应力分布。
The mass concrete structure could produce large tensile stress due to temperature change. The tensile stress can be controlled in the allowable range by controlling the temperature of mass concrete. The factors affecting concrete temperature are various and the cracking mechanism of concrete is complicated. It is more difficult to contrl concrete temperature. The impact of various variable factors and the development of concrete cleft are impossible to accurately simulating and forecasting up to now. In this thesis, it is based on the background of mass concrete and high performance concrete used in the wall of shaft on Dingji of Huainan Mining Group. On the basic of concrete hydration heat analysis theory, the application of heat conduction equation of controlling concrete cleft, the boundary conditions and initial conditions for thermodynamics relationship are described. The explicit and implicit methods of finite element are compared. The thermodynamic parameters are obtained by concrete hydration heat simulation analysis. After determining the thermodynamic parameters of concrete.The temperature field and stress field about the wall of shaft under different frozen processing conditions are discussed. The thermodynamics unit SOLID70ANSYS software is applied to carry out simulation thermal analysis of temperature field, temperature stress and strain. Meanwhile, the method of theory analysis, In-situ measurement and numerical simulation are used. Some research works have been done as following:
1. The experimentation is done for shaft lining's high-strength and high-performance concrete, in the precondition of using super plasticizer, then through the approach of triple-mixed mineral additions-fly ash, silica fume and milled slag, the concrete not only fulfill the request of concrete's properties of high strength and early strength, but also advance concrete's late strength and durability.
2. On the base of physical and mechanical properties of frozen soil and hydration heat of concrete, analyze the performance impact of concrete strength by the different components of the shaft lining concrete of freezing construction method and the mechanism of hydration heat production and calculation method on shaft sinking.
3. Through the monitoring of temperature and stress in shaft lining and frozen wall, it is obtained that the varying of temperature field stress field and frost heaving pressure variation and sidewall reinforced concrete force law by freezing construction method sinking construction process.
4. It is obtained that the heat capacity, coefficient of heat conductivity, and other basic mechanical property by the physical and mechanical experiment.
5. Concrete hydration heat temperature rise model is calculated by the method of exponential, hyperbolic, and the composite exponential. Comparison of the calculated results and the measured average temperature is to determine the appropriate hydration heat temperature model.
6. Through the consideration of freeze borehole wall temperature field, it is established that the numeric calculation medal of concrete hydration heat. The temperature field on the frozen wall and the characteristic distribution of temperature are obtained by using software of ANSYS of finite element program.
7. Base on the result of temperature field's calculation, three different calculation programs are applied. The temperature stress distribution on the shaft wall has been produced by introduction of results of temperature field and three kinds of mathematics operation. The temperature field on the shaft wall is figured out by the method of finite element.
1.对深冻结井井壁高强高性能混凝土的配合比进行了实验室和现场试验研究,在添加高效减水剂的前提条件下,通过使用三种矿物掺和料(粉煤灰、硅粉和磨细矿渣)技术,研究配制的混凝土满足了高强、早强的要求,同时还提高了混凝土的耐久性和后期强度。
2.依据冻土的物理力学性质和混凝土水化热特性,分析了冻结法施工凿井井壁混凝土的不同组成成分对混凝土强度等性能的影响,研究了井壁混凝土放热性能及水化热的产生机理和理论分析方法。
3.结合冻结法施工凿井施工过程,对井壁混凝土施工过程中温度、应力变化进行监测与分析,得到了井壁和冻结壁温度场分布变化规律,冻胀压力变化规律和井壁钢筋混凝土的受力规律。
4.对冻土进行室内物理力学性能试验研究,得出冻土比热、导热系数以及冻土力学基本参数。
5.混凝土水化热温升模型分别采用指数式、双曲线式和复合指数式进行试算,将计算结果与实测平均温度对比,确定了合适的的水化热升温模型。
6.考虑了混凝土水化放热情况,建立了冻结法施工凿井冻结壁井壁温度场数值计算模型,运用有限元软件ANSYS对冻结井壁温度场进行计算,得到了冻结井壁温度场分布变化特性。
7.导入温度场计算结果,采用三种不同计算方案,对井壁温度场应进行有限元分析计算计算,得出井壁温度应力分布。
The mass concrete structure could produce large tensile stress due to temperature change. The tensile stress can be controlled in the allowable range by controlling the temperature of mass concrete. The factors affecting concrete temperature are various and the cracking mechanism of concrete is complicated. It is more difficult to contrl concrete temperature. The impact of various variable factors and the development of concrete cleft are impossible to accurately simulating and forecasting up to now. In this thesis, it is based on the background of mass concrete and high performance concrete used in the wall of shaft on Dingji of Huainan Mining Group. On the basic of concrete hydration heat analysis theory, the application of heat conduction equation of controlling concrete cleft, the boundary conditions and initial conditions for thermodynamics relationship are described. The explicit and implicit methods of finite element are compared. The thermodynamic parameters are obtained by concrete hydration heat simulation analysis. After determining the thermodynamic parameters of concrete.The temperature field and stress field about the wall of shaft under different frozen processing conditions are discussed. The thermodynamics unit SOLID70ANSYS software is applied to carry out simulation thermal analysis of temperature field, temperature stress and strain. Meanwhile, the method of theory analysis, In-situ measurement and numerical simulation are used. Some research works have been done as following:
1. The experimentation is done for shaft lining's high-strength and high-performance concrete, in the precondition of using super plasticizer, then through the approach of triple-mixed mineral additions-fly ash, silica fume and milled slag, the concrete not only fulfill the request of concrete's properties of high strength and early strength, but also advance concrete's late strength and durability.
2. On the base of physical and mechanical properties of frozen soil and hydration heat of concrete, analyze the performance impact of concrete strength by the different components of the shaft lining concrete of freezing construction method and the mechanism of hydration heat production and calculation method on shaft sinking.
3. Through the monitoring of temperature and stress in shaft lining and frozen wall, it is obtained that the varying of temperature field stress field and frost heaving pressure variation and sidewall reinforced concrete force law by freezing construction method sinking construction process.
4. It is obtained that the heat capacity, coefficient of heat conductivity, and other basic mechanical property by the physical and mechanical experiment.
5. Concrete hydration heat temperature rise model is calculated by the method of exponential, hyperbolic, and the composite exponential. Comparison of the calculated results and the measured average temperature is to determine the appropriate hydration heat temperature model.
6. Through the consideration of freeze borehole wall temperature field, it is established that the numeric calculation medal of concrete hydration heat. The temperature field on the frozen wall and the characteristic distribution of temperature are obtained by using software of ANSYS of finite element program.
7. Base on the result of temperature field's calculation, three different calculation programs are applied. The temperature stress distribution on the shaft wall has been produced by introduction of results of temperature field and three kinds of mathematics operation. The temperature field on the shaft wall is figured out by the method of finite element.
引文
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