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天津团泊新城开发建设模式选择与风险评估研究
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摘要
近年来伴随着经济的快速发展,新城开发建设已成为了城市建设的重点。目前国内外新城的开发建设模式主要有政府主导、市场主导和政企合作共同开发三种类型。在特定的历史时期和地理环境下,三种模式各有其独特的优势,而且不乏成功案例。然而新城开发建设的项目是一项巨大工程,其周期长、投资大,加之目前我国的市场经济体系还有待完善、法律体制尚存欠缺、政策的变动性大和政府资金极其有限等不利条件,导致了民间企业不会独自冒着巨大风险进入投资领域,使得新城的开发建设遇到了瓶颈。政企合作PPP模式的应用恰能解决城市开发建设所面临的难题,政府部门通过与民间资本合作来共同完成新城的开发建设,不仅能够解决资金的问题,更提高了项目的运行效率。
     风险控制存在于项目建设的每个阶段,是工程项目建设的重要任务。政企合作项目的风险分析一直是学术界研究的重点内容,PPP模式由于其参与主体的复杂性,其风险也远高于一般工程项目。因此,风险分析和评价显得尤为重要。政府部门与投资企业利益共享的同时,风险也要共同分担。政企合作共同参与到新城开发建设中,政府部门、投资企业、银行机构和项目承包商等主要参与人都承担自己的责任,对不同的风险采取相应的管理措施。
     论文的研究思路是从新城的开发建设着手,结合团泊新城西区的实际情况,综合运用投融资理论、规划理论、和谐发展与风险分析的相关理论知识,通过对城市定位、远景规划以及其他外部条件的深刻剖析,进而确定了新城的开发建设模式并总结出运行特点。基于上述工作的研究,对新城开发建设过程中的风险进行分析评价,对风险的分担情况进行了研究。通过建立风险评价指标体系,应用模糊数学和层次分析法对项目进行了风险评价,并运用数学模型进行了风险分担的研究。本文研究论证的团泊新城西区开发模式及风险管理,能够为规划部门及政府管理部门的科学决策提供意见与参考。
In recent years, along with the rapid development of the economy, The development and construction of new town has become the focus of urban construction. The new town development model at home and abroad with government-led, market-led and Public-Private partnership,which has its own advantages in specific historical periods and specific geographical environment, and no shortage of success stories. However, the development and construction project of new town is a huge project, and its long life cycle, large investment and economy coupled with our market in developing countries remains to be perfect, lacking legal system, policy changes, and the government limited investments need to be invested to the most urgent projects, private companies will not be alone in risking a large investment in this field, in this case the construction of the new town encountered a bottleneck. Government-enterprise cooperation in the application of the PPP model just to solve the problems, government departments through the introduction of private capital and cooperate together to complete the development and construction of the new town, which not only solving the funding problem but also improving the operating efficiency of the project.
     Risk exists in every stage of project construction, which is an important task of the project construction. The risk of government-enterprise cooperation projects have been the important research to specialists,this mode because of its participation in the complexity of the subject, the more risk than the general projects, so,risk analysis for construction projects is particularly important. Shared by government departments and investment business interests at the same time, the risk should be shared. Government departments, investment companies, banking institutions and project contractors involved in the development and construction of the new town, whom should assume their responsibilities and take appropriate management measures for different risk.
     Based on the actual conditions of Tuanbo New Town, herein main ideas begin from the development and construction of new town, comprehensively using the related theoretical knowledge of investment and financing theory, planning theory, harmonious development,risk analysis, according to profound analysis on positioning of the new town, future planning and other external conditions, determine the mode of development and construction of the Tuanbo New Town and generalizes the operational features. Based on the above work, this paper studies on the risk assessment and risk sharing in the process of the construction of new town development. Through the establishment of risk evaluation index system, this paper uses the method of Fuzzy mathematics and AHP to evaluate the project risk, and puts forward a mathematical mode to study the risk-sharing.
     This paper studies the development model and the risk management of Tuanbo new town (west), hoping to provided scientific foundation for long-range plan and decision-making of the planning authorities and government departments.
引文
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