安徽铜陵凤凰山铜矿成矿规律与隐伏矿体预测研究
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摘要
凤凰山铜矿位于长江中下游成矿带中东部,阳新-常州深断裂北部,是本区重要的矽卡岩-斑岩复合型矿床。本论文在充分收集总结前人研究成果的基础上,通过野外地质调查、区域地质调研、矿床地质剖析、构造地质解析、岩相学研究、主微量元素分析、流体包裹体示踪以及地球物理探测技术等多学科理论的交叉和多手段的运用,以地质-地球物理的研究为主线,对各种深边部勘查技术方法的有效性进行研究,为最终有效的综合勘查提供科学依据。
研究表明凤凰山矿区存在3类矿床类型,即与新屋里花岗闪长岩岩体有关的矽卡岩型铜铁矿床、南区产于石英二长闪长斑岩体中的斑岩型铜金(钼)矿床、北区与闪长斑岩有关的铜铅锌矿床。划分了矽卡岩型成矿期及斑岩型成矿期2个成矿期和9个成矿阶段。通过矿物流体包裹体分析,探讨了成矿流体的成份特征及其演化,分析了成矿作用的温度和压力条件,认为地下水的混入是成矿作用发生的重要原因。
分析了矿区主要含矿地层、岩浆岩的特征,指明了有利的控矿地层与岩体。重点研究了成矿构造条件,分析了成矿构造应力场；将矿体的分布特征和形态特征与不同级别的褶皱构造相联系,探讨成矿的分带性；研究矿区角砾岩的分形特征,分析角砾状矿体的成因。开展了凤凰山铜矿区矿床的成因分析,探讨了成矿定位机理,总结了矿床成矿规律,建立了成矿模式。
开展了凤凰山铜矿南区构造地球化学多元素组合异常结构模式研究,获得良好的效果。进行瞬变电磁法、高频大地电磁测深和高精度磁测等找矿技术方法的探测研究,对三种方法在该区的找矿有效性做出判断和评价。
总结和归纳了凤凰山矿区矿床的地质-地球物理和地球化学综合找矿标志。根据地质、遥感、地球物理和地球化学的综合研究和各种找矿标志的分析,圈定凤凰山铜矿区深边部找矿预测靶区4处。
Fenghuangshan copper deposit is situated at east central of the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, the northern of Yangxin-Changzhou deep-seated fault, and it is one of the most significant skarn-porphry deposits in the area. This research mainly paid attention to geological, geochemical and geophysical research and aims at evaluating the validity of various exploration methods and the Prediction of three-dimensional visualization in deep and around the Fenghuangshan deposit, and then offer the most effective and comprehensive exploration methods. Based on the vast previous research, the following methods are utilized:field observation, regional geological survey, analysis of economic geology and structure, petrography research, major and trace elements analysis, the trace of fluid inclusions, the technology of geophysical survey, etc.
There are three types of deposits, skarn-type Cu-Fe deposit associated with Xinwuli granodiorite, porphyry-type Cu-Au (Mo) deposit related to quartz monzobioritic porphyry in the south, and porphyry-type Cu-Pb-Zn deposit in connection with dioritic porphyry. And two mineralization periods (skarn and porphyry) and nine stages have been divided. The composition characteristics of ore-forming fluids, evolution, the pressure and temperature of mineralization have been analyzed and discussed, according to fluid inclusions research. It is demonstrated that the mixture of underground water is essential for mineralization.
The mineralized strata and igneous which are apt to mineralize have been pointed out by analyzing major mineralized strata and characteristics of igneous in this region. The following three aspects in terms of ore genesis were put much emphasis on:the conditions and stress fields of metallotectonics, the discussion of metallogenic zoning via the relationship between the distribution, forms of orebodies, and the folds of different scale, fractal features for the breccias and the genesis of brecciated ores. Thus, the metallogenic regularity has been summarized and genetic model has been built.
Good effects were obtained when applying the multi-elements anomalies of tectonogeochemistry method in southern Fenghuangshan deposit. Also, the validity of Transient Electromagnetic Method, High Frequency Magnetotelluric Sounding Survey and High-precision Magnetic Survey has been evaluated in this region's mineral exploration.
The synthesized prospecting criteria of geology, geochemistry and geophysics have been summarized. Furthermore, four prediction targets have been located in the deep and around Fenghuangshan Cu deposit, according to comprehensive research of geology, remote sensing, geochemistry and geophysics, and the various prospecting criteria.
研究表明凤凰山矿区存在3类矿床类型,即与新屋里花岗闪长岩岩体有关的矽卡岩型铜铁矿床、南区产于石英二长闪长斑岩体中的斑岩型铜金(钼)矿床、北区与闪长斑岩有关的铜铅锌矿床。划分了矽卡岩型成矿期及斑岩型成矿期2个成矿期和9个成矿阶段。通过矿物流体包裹体分析,探讨了成矿流体的成份特征及其演化,分析了成矿作用的温度和压力条件,认为地下水的混入是成矿作用发生的重要原因。
分析了矿区主要含矿地层、岩浆岩的特征,指明了有利的控矿地层与岩体。重点研究了成矿构造条件,分析了成矿构造应力场；将矿体的分布特征和形态特征与不同级别的褶皱构造相联系,探讨成矿的分带性；研究矿区角砾岩的分形特征,分析角砾状矿体的成因。开展了凤凰山铜矿区矿床的成因分析,探讨了成矿定位机理,总结了矿床成矿规律,建立了成矿模式。
开展了凤凰山铜矿南区构造地球化学多元素组合异常结构模式研究,获得良好的效果。进行瞬变电磁法、高频大地电磁测深和高精度磁测等找矿技术方法的探测研究,对三种方法在该区的找矿有效性做出判断和评价。
总结和归纳了凤凰山矿区矿床的地质-地球物理和地球化学综合找矿标志。根据地质、遥感、地球物理和地球化学的综合研究和各种找矿标志的分析,圈定凤凰山铜矿区深边部找矿预测靶区4处。
Fenghuangshan copper deposit is situated at east central of the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, the northern of Yangxin-Changzhou deep-seated fault, and it is one of the most significant skarn-porphry deposits in the area. This research mainly paid attention to geological, geochemical and geophysical research and aims at evaluating the validity of various exploration methods and the Prediction of three-dimensional visualization in deep and around the Fenghuangshan deposit, and then offer the most effective and comprehensive exploration methods. Based on the vast previous research, the following methods are utilized:field observation, regional geological survey, analysis of economic geology and structure, petrography research, major and trace elements analysis, the trace of fluid inclusions, the technology of geophysical survey, etc.
There are three types of deposits, skarn-type Cu-Fe deposit associated with Xinwuli granodiorite, porphyry-type Cu-Au (Mo) deposit related to quartz monzobioritic porphyry in the south, and porphyry-type Cu-Pb-Zn deposit in connection with dioritic porphyry. And two mineralization periods (skarn and porphyry) and nine stages have been divided. The composition characteristics of ore-forming fluids, evolution, the pressure and temperature of mineralization have been analyzed and discussed, according to fluid inclusions research. It is demonstrated that the mixture of underground water is essential for mineralization.
The mineralized strata and igneous which are apt to mineralize have been pointed out by analyzing major mineralized strata and characteristics of igneous in this region. The following three aspects in terms of ore genesis were put much emphasis on:the conditions and stress fields of metallotectonics, the discussion of metallogenic zoning via the relationship between the distribution, forms of orebodies, and the folds of different scale, fractal features for the breccias and the genesis of brecciated ores. Thus, the metallogenic regularity has been summarized and genetic model has been built.
Good effects were obtained when applying the multi-elements anomalies of tectonogeochemistry method in southern Fenghuangshan deposit. Also, the validity of Transient Electromagnetic Method, High Frequency Magnetotelluric Sounding Survey and High-precision Magnetic Survey has been evaluated in this region's mineral exploration.
The synthesized prospecting criteria of geology, geochemistry and geophysics have been summarized. Furthermore, four prediction targets have been located in the deep and around Fenghuangshan Cu deposit, according to comprehensive research of geology, remote sensing, geochemistry and geophysics, and the various prospecting criteria.
引文
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