基于汶川地震动衰减特征的四川长周期地震动反应谱研究
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摘要
随着具有较长自振周期的大型建筑或构筑物的不断增多，超高层建筑、大跨度桥梁、海洋平台等都得到了广泛的实际应用，其抗震设计所需的长周期地震动参数仍处于研究阶段，四川地区地震频发，经济发达，充分了解汶川地震及其余震的长周期地震动特性，建立可靠的四川地区长周期地震动反应谱日益迫切。
本论文首先收集了汶川地震及其余震的强震记录数据以及相关文献和资料，接着利用NGA和日本浅源地震的地震动衰减模型成果，通过对比分析汶川地震动记录与这些地震动衰减模型预测值的差异，获得了汶川地震的长周期地震动衰减特征；然后，利用地震波场的正演模拟分析方法分析了汶川发震构造对地震动衰减的影响；最后，利用四川历史地震烈度衰减关系和地震动衰减关系的分析方法，分析了目前四川地区的地震动衰减关系存在的问题，并以汶川地震动数据为基础建立了四川地区长周期地震动衰减模型。
本论文主要研究成果有：
（1）给出了中、美两国Mw的转换关系式，汶川地震Ms与Mw的转换关系；根据强震动加速度记录的位移谱，确定了每条记录的可靠周期范围；依据NGA模型对震源机制和场地类别分类标准确定了每次余震事件的发震类型，估计了每个台站场地类别和Vs30；
（2）明确了汶川地震及其余震的地震动衰减特征：汶川主震地震动衰减特征与CY2008模型符合；汶川余震记录在周期>0.4s范围比所有模型预测结果值都小；Zhao2006模型在衰减关系的整体趋势上与汶川主余震一致。在四川地区长周期地震动衰减关系的建立时，建议以Zhao2006模型为基础进行回归分析；
（3）指出了目前四川地区长周期地震动反应谱存在的问题，认为现有地震动衰减关系对大震的地震动反应谱估计值过大，在长周期部分表现得更为明显。
本论文的主要创新点：
（1）利用美国NGA模型和Zhao的日本模型成果，建立了基于发震断层模型的汶川地震动衰减模型；
（2）利用地震波场正演模拟的方法，分析了汶川地震地质构造特性和震源频率对地震动的几何衰减影响。
（3）确定了汶川地震及其余震的长周期地震动衰减特征，分析了目前四川地震动衰减模型的存在的问题。
The goal of this paper is to study the long period attenuation relationship ofhorizontal acceleration response spectrum for Sichuan basing on the strongground-motion records from the Wenchuan earthquake. This work is very importantfor the seismic design of increasing number of high-rise buildings and long-spanbridges with a long natural period. Because there are few strong-motion recordsobtained in China, the less are the long period data, the long period attenuationmodels is much more difficult to be developed. The ground motion attenuationrelationship used in the past design code are modified attenuation models for thewestern part of the United States based on the relationships between the seismicintensity attenuations in the two regions. During the2008Wenchuan earthquake andits aftershocks, a large number of strong-motion records were obtained. It is possibleto develop a long period attenuation relationship for horizontal acceleration responsespectrum in Sichuan province.
Firstly, with collecting the base data of the Wenchuan earthquake, this paperclear the earthquake magnitude, distance from source to site, local average shear-wavevelocity, and fault type for every event. Secondly, Study the long period attenuationrelationship for horizontal acceleration response spectrum based on strongground-motion records from the Wenchuan earthquake by comparing it with the NGAmodels and the Zhao2006model; Thirdly, we analyse the affects of the geologicstructure on the attenuation of the wave using the seismic modeling method. Finally,we make some suggestions for Sichuan long period ground motion attenuationrelationship in the analysis of seismic hazard by the result of the seismic modelingand the Sichuan historical earthquake intensity and ground motion attenuationrelationships.
(1) Two formula are obtained, The One reveals the relationship between Mwdetermined by China and the United States, the other reveals the relationship betweenMs and Mw of the Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks. We get the filterparameters for the strong ground motion records by the displacement Fourierspectrum. The focal mechanism of the wenchuan earthquake aftershocks and theVS30of every stations based on the NGA document were shown here.
(2) Comparing the ground motion of Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershockswith the results from the four NGA models and the Zhao2006model of Japan forshallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions, We find that the CY2008model is the best similar to the ground motion records of Wenchuan earthquake;The aftershocks data is much smaller than the resulats of these models; The Zhao2006model is the best similar to the relationship of the data, but the results is larger thanthe records.
(3)We find that the evaluate result of the attenuation relationship used in Sichuan nowadays is larger than the data of Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks,especially in the long period term. It is increasing the hazard of this areas in the longperiod.
The major innovations of the paper are manifested by the following works:
(1)A long period attenuation function of the horizontal acceleration responsespectrum for Sichuan area basing on the fault model of Wenchuan earthquake were setup.
(2)The affects of the geologic structure on the attenuation of the wave wereanalysed by the seismic modeling method
(3)Comparing the characteristics of the long period ground motion attenuationrelationship for Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks with the attenuationrelationgship used nowadays in sichuan area, we find that the hazard of this area inthe long period were increased by the attenuationship used at present.
本论文首先收集了汶川地震及其余震的强震记录数据以及相关文献和资料，接着利用NGA和日本浅源地震的地震动衰减模型成果，通过对比分析汶川地震动记录与这些地震动衰减模型预测值的差异，获得了汶川地震的长周期地震动衰减特征；然后，利用地震波场的正演模拟分析方法分析了汶川发震构造对地震动衰减的影响；最后，利用四川历史地震烈度衰减关系和地震动衰减关系的分析方法，分析了目前四川地区的地震动衰减关系存在的问题，并以汶川地震动数据为基础建立了四川地区长周期地震动衰减模型。
本论文主要研究成果有：
（1）给出了中、美两国Mw的转换关系式，汶川地震Ms与Mw的转换关系；根据强震动加速度记录的位移谱，确定了每条记录的可靠周期范围；依据NGA模型对震源机制和场地类别分类标准确定了每次余震事件的发震类型，估计了每个台站场地类别和Vs30；
（2）明确了汶川地震及其余震的地震动衰减特征：汶川主震地震动衰减特征与CY2008模型符合；汶川余震记录在周期>0.4s范围比所有模型预测结果值都小；Zhao2006模型在衰减关系的整体趋势上与汶川主余震一致。在四川地区长周期地震动衰减关系的建立时，建议以Zhao2006模型为基础进行回归分析；
（3）指出了目前四川地区长周期地震动反应谱存在的问题，认为现有地震动衰减关系对大震的地震动反应谱估计值过大，在长周期部分表现得更为明显。
本论文的主要创新点：
（1）利用美国NGA模型和Zhao的日本模型成果，建立了基于发震断层模型的汶川地震动衰减模型；
（2）利用地震波场正演模拟的方法，分析了汶川地震地质构造特性和震源频率对地震动的几何衰减影响。
（3）确定了汶川地震及其余震的长周期地震动衰减特征，分析了目前四川地震动衰减模型的存在的问题。
The goal of this paper is to study the long period attenuation relationship ofhorizontal acceleration response spectrum for Sichuan basing on the strongground-motion records from the Wenchuan earthquake. This work is very importantfor the seismic design of increasing number of high-rise buildings and long-spanbridges with a long natural period. Because there are few strong-motion recordsobtained in China, the less are the long period data, the long period attenuationmodels is much more difficult to be developed. The ground motion attenuationrelationship used in the past design code are modified attenuation models for thewestern part of the United States based on the relationships between the seismicintensity attenuations in the two regions. During the2008Wenchuan earthquake andits aftershocks, a large number of strong-motion records were obtained. It is possibleto develop a long period attenuation relationship for horizontal acceleration responsespectrum in Sichuan province.
Firstly, with collecting the base data of the Wenchuan earthquake, this paperclear the earthquake magnitude, distance from source to site, local average shear-wavevelocity, and fault type for every event. Secondly, Study the long period attenuationrelationship for horizontal acceleration response spectrum based on strongground-motion records from the Wenchuan earthquake by comparing it with the NGAmodels and the Zhao2006model; Thirdly, we analyse the affects of the geologicstructure on the attenuation of the wave using the seismic modeling method. Finally,we make some suggestions for Sichuan long period ground motion attenuationrelationship in the analysis of seismic hazard by the result of the seismic modelingand the Sichuan historical earthquake intensity and ground motion attenuationrelationships.
(1) Two formula are obtained, The One reveals the relationship between Mwdetermined by China and the United States, the other reveals the relationship betweenMs and Mw of the Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks. We get the filterparameters for the strong ground motion records by the displacement Fourierspectrum. The focal mechanism of the wenchuan earthquake aftershocks and theVS30of every stations based on the NGA document were shown here.
(2) Comparing the ground motion of Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershockswith the results from the four NGA models and the Zhao2006model of Japan forshallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions, We find that the CY2008model is the best similar to the ground motion records of Wenchuan earthquake;The aftershocks data is much smaller than the resulats of these models; The Zhao2006model is the best similar to the relationship of the data, but the results is larger thanthe records.
(3)We find that the evaluate result of the attenuation relationship used in Sichuan nowadays is larger than the data of Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks,especially in the long period term. It is increasing the hazard of this areas in the longperiod.
The major innovations of the paper are manifested by the following works:
(1)A long period attenuation function of the horizontal acceleration responsespectrum for Sichuan area basing on the fault model of Wenchuan earthquake were setup.
(2)The affects of the geologic structure on the attenuation of the wave wereanalysed by the seismic modeling method
(3)Comparing the characteristics of the long period ground motion attenuationrelationship for Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks with the attenuationrelationgship used nowadays in sichuan area, we find that the hazard of this area inthe long period were increased by the attenuationship used at present.
引文
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