碳纤维增强受电弓滑板的制备与性能及摩擦磨损机理的研究
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摘要
电力机车是一种现代化的铁路运输工具,受电弓滑板是其导入电能、提供动力的重要受流部件。目前广泛使用的电力机车受电弓滑板主要有浸金属滑板和碳滑板。但是随着电力机车运行速度的不断提高,传统的滑板均显现出不同程度的缺陷,因此亟需研制出具有高导电率、高强度、耐磨损以及具备良好弓网耦合的受电弓滑板。本文采用碳纤维为增强相,铜为导电相,石墨为润滑相,改性酚醛树脂为粘结剂制备了碳纤维增强的树脂热压型和焙烧型受电弓滑板,并对滑板的配方、工艺、物理性能、电弧侵蚀特性和摩擦磨损机理进行了研究。
采用模压法制备了树脂热压型滑板,研究了模压温度、压力以及模压时间对滑板性能的影响,最终确定合理的模压条件为：预热温度100℃,预热时间6min,热压温度170℃,加压压力60MPa,模压时间60min。采用Minitab软件对不同配方滑板的性能进行模拟分析,确定滑板各配方含量对滑板性能的影响,实验发现：碳纤维含量是影响试样冲击强度的主要因素；导电相铜含量对滑板的电阻率起着至关重要的作用；纤维含量、石墨含量以及酚醛树脂含量对试样的耐磨性能均有较大程度的影响。Minitab拟合分析出试样的最佳配方为：铜网15wt.%、碳纤维布17wt.%、短切碳纤维5wt.%、酚醛树脂33wt.%、石墨22wt.%、铜粉5wt.%以及丁腈橡胶3wt.%；该配方下试样的性能为：电阻率8.63gΩ?m,冲击强度78kJ.m-2,体积磨损率0.558×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1摩擦系数0.200,抗压强度≥200MPa,抗折强度140-200MPa。
为了提高碳纤维增强受电弓滑板中增强相碳纤维与基体酚醛树脂的浸润性,并提高复合材料的界面强度,本文采用液相氧化/偶联剂涂层法对碳纤维表面进行了改性,并采用拉曼光谱(Raman spectrum, Raman)、光电子能谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FTIR)以及扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)对改性前后碳纤维的结构以及形貌进行观察分析并利用纤度仪及万能试验机对碳纤维及其复合材料的力学性能进行了测试,结果表明：随着液相氧化时间的延长,碳纤维的力学性能逐渐下降,表面逐渐被刻蚀,碳纤维表面结构的无序度提高,纤维表面含氧官能团含量逐渐上升。APS偶联剂处理后,硅醇基会与碳纤维表而的活性官能团反应,碳纤维表而的O-C=O官能团含量减少并形成一层薄膜,有利于提高碳纤维的拉伸强度以及断裂伸长率。经过90min液相氧化改性和偶联剂处理后,试样的冲击强度提高了约35%,层间剪功强度升高约37.7%；随着液相氧化处理和偶联剂处理的时间的延长,碳纤维的体积电阻率有不同程度的升高；改性处理使得滑板试样的电阻率略有波动,但变化幅度不大；表而处理可以提高滑板的耐磨性能,经过APS硅烷偶联处理后的滑板磨损量最低,其磨损量比未处理的滑板磨损量降低了约5%。
实验采用碳化法及液相浸渍致密法制备了焙烧型受电弓滑板并对致密化工艺及效果进行了研究。研究表明：采用800℃碳化处理可提高滑板在瞬间高温下的热稳定性能。经过对酚醛树脂的黏度与温度、浓度的关系分析,得出合理的浸渍条佳为：酚醛树脂乙醇浸渍液浓度60%,浸渍温度60℃,浸渍时间为1.5h。热处理后滑板试样的气孔率较高,电阻率降低约26%,冲击强度明显降低,体积磨损量增加,摩擦系数降低。致密化之后滑板的电阻率、气孔率和体积磨损量都是随着碳化一浸渍次数的增加而逐渐减小；抗压强度、抗弯强度以及硬度均随着碳化-浸渍次数的增加而逐渐提高。对试样进行4次碳化-浸渍致密化处理试样性能较佳,因此在树脂热压型滑板的基础上,综合考虑试样性能以及制备成本等因索,最终采用4次碳化一浸渍工艺来制备树脂焙烧型滑板。
树脂热压型滑板的磨损率随着载流密度的提高而逐渐增大,摩擦系数逐渐减少；磨损率随着摩擦速度的增加有所增大,基本呈线性增长；在相同速度下滑板的载流磨损量明显大于无载流时的磨损量。无载流条件下,试样的磨损率随着接触压力的增加基本呈线性增长,摩擦系数逐渐增大并趋于平稳；载流磨损时,试样的体积磨损量与电压呈U型变化。树脂焙烧型滑板与纯碳滑板未载流时的磨损率差别较小,分别为：0.85×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1和0.91×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1;两种滑板的磨损率均随着电流密度的增加而增加；这两种滑板的载流磨损率亦随着载荷的增加基本呈U型变化,摩擦系数均有降低的的趋势；三种滑板的载流效率均随着电流密度的增加而减小；随着载荷的增加而增大；随着滑行速度的变化先减小后增大
树脂焙烧型滑板对铜轮及铜盘的磨耗均小于树脂热压型滑板,且载流情况下该滑板对铜盘的磨耗情况与纯碳滑板的情况相似。树脂热压型滑板和树脂焙烧型滑板的力学性能比进口纯碳滑板以及国产某短切纤维增强滑板的力学性能好；,树脂热压型滑板的磨损率与纯碳滑板的磨损率相近,树脂热压型滑板的摩擦系数略高；树脂焙烧型滑板的耐磨性较进口碳滑板的耐磨性稍差,在相同实验条件下,国产某滑板对铜盘的磨耗最大,进口纯碳滑板对铜盘的磨损最小。两种碳纤维增强受电弓滑板的性能均优异于国产某滑板的性能。
电弧是在摩擦副的接触-分离过程中形成的,是受电弓/导线系统在滑动受流过程中一种常见的现象。在相同条件下,四种滑板的电弧放电程度从低到高分别为：进口纯碳滑板、树脂焙烧型滑板、树脂热压型滑板和国产某滑板。滑板在载流摩擦磨损过程中的电弧侵蚀作用主要包括材料转移、熔融喷溅以及蒸发侵蚀。对滑板的摩擦磨损机理进行了研究,结果表明：无载流摩擦磨损条件下,树脂热压型滑板和树脂焙烧型滑板的主要摩擦磨损形式为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损；在载流条件下,滑板的摩擦磨损主要是以电弧侵蚀磨损和氧化磨损为主,伴随着磨粒磨损、粘着磨损等机械磨损形式。
Electric locomotive is a kind of modern railway transport, and pantograph contact strip is the most important unit of electric locomotive to import electricity. At present, widely used pantograph contact strip mainly includes steeped metal contact strip and carbon contact strip. But as the operation speed of the electric locomotive unceasingly increased, all traditional contact strips show different degrees of defects, therefore it is very significant to develop a type of contact strip with high conductivity, high strength, good wear resistance and suitable for contact line. This paper used the carbon fiber as reinforced phase, copper as conductive phase, modified phenolic resin as binder, and graphite as lubrication phase prepare carbon fiber reinforced hot-pressed/calculated contact strip, and also studied the formulation, technology, performance, arc erosion characteristics and wear mechanism.
The formulation and preparation technology of contact strip samples were studied. Contact strip sample was prepared by compression molding, and the influence of mould temperature, mould pressure and mould time to the slide's performance was researched. Finally, the reasonable mould conditions were determined:preheat temperature100℃, preheating time6min, hot pressing temperature170℃, mould pressure60MPa and mould time60min. Using Minitab software simulated and analyzed the performance of contact strip with different formula, to determine the formula content's influence on the slide's performance. It was found that carbon fiber content is the key factor to affect the impact strength of slide sample, that copper content of conductive phase plays an important role in determining the slide's resistivity, and that fiber content, graphite content and phenolic resin content had a great deal of influence on the wear-resisting performance of the sample. The best formula of the slide sample was as follows:copper mesh15wt.%, carbon fiber cloth17wt.%, short carbon fiber5wt.%. phenolic resin33wt.%, graphite22wt.%, copper powder5wt.%and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber3wt.%. The performance of the sample was as follows:resistivity8.63uΩ·m, impact strength78kJ·m-2, volume wear rate0.558×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1, friction coefficient0.200, compressive strength>200MPa and bending strength140-200MPa.
In order to improve the invasion of enhance phase carbon fiber and matrix phenolic of carbon fiber reinforced pantograph contact strip, and improve the strength of the composite material, liquid phase oxidation/coupling agent coating method is adopted to modify carbon fiber's surface. The structure and morphology of carbon fiber before and after modification were observed by the Raman spectrum (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanics properties of carbon fiber and its composite materials were tested by the fiber fineness tester and universal testing machine. The results showed that:the mechanical properties of carbon fiber gradually declined with the time of liquid phase oxidation increase, surface was gradually etching, disorder parameter of carbon fiber's surface structure improved, and fiber surface oxygenic functional groups content gradually raised. After treatment of APS coupling agent, silanol group reacted with the carbon fiber surface active functional groups, formed a layer of film in the surface of the carbon fiber, and was beneficial to improving the carbon fiber tensile strength and elongation at break. O-C=O group on the carbon fiber surface would react with silanol group, so O-C=O functional group content on the carbon fiber surface would decrease. After modification treatment on carbon fiber, composite materials'impact strength and interlaminar shear strength were increased. Along with the liquid phase oxidation treatment and coupling agent treatment proceeding, carbon fiber's volume and resistivity increased slightly. The impact of liquid phase oxidation modification treatment on the resistivity of the prepared composite material was not big, and resistance rate of coupling agent modified contact strip declined slightly. Surface treatment could improve the slide wear-resisting performance significantly, after silane coupling treatment, the slide wear was lowest, and it was down about35%than that of untreated.
In order to improve the thermal stability of contact strip, the experiment used IC method to prepare roasting type pantograph contact strip, and the impregnation process and effect were studied. The800℃carbonization could improve the slide's thermal stable performance in an instant high temperature. The experimental dipping conditions were as below:phenolic resin impregnation liquid ethanol concentration60%, dipping temperature60℃, dipping time1.5h. After heat treatment, resistance rate reduced about26%. the impact strength reduced, volume wear increased and the porosity was higher. It was better to dip samples for4times. After densification, resistivity, porosity and volume wear of the contact strip gradually decreased along with the increase of the time of carbonization-dipping treatment. Compressive strength, bending strength and hardness gradually improved along with the increase of the time of carbonization-dipping treatment.
With the carrier density of resin hot pressing contact strip rising, its wear rate gradually increased, but the friction coefficient gradually reduced. With the increase of the friction velocity, wear rate increased, basically growing linearly. At the same velocity, the slide's wear under load flow was significantly greater than that under no load flow. In no load flow conditions, the wear rate of sample generally growed linearly with the increase of the contact pressure and friction coefficient increased and ultimately tended to be stable. In load flow conditions, sample's volume wear and voltage was U change. Under no load flow, the wear rate gap of resin roasting slide and pure carbon slide was small, and their values were0.85×10-5mm3·N-1·-m-1and0.91×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1respectively. The wear rate of both slides increased along with the increase of current density. With the increase of friction velocity, friction coefficient trended to decrease. Wear rate of these two types'contact strip was also in U change with load changes. Load flow efficiency of three kinds of slide above referred decreased with the increase of current density, increases with the increase of the load, and increased after first decrease with the change of planing speed.
The abrasion of the resin roasting contact strip prepared to copper wheel and copper plate was less than resin hot pressing contact strip, and in the current conditions, the abrasion of the contact strip to copper plate is similar with that of pure carbon slide. Resin hot pressing slide and resin roasting contact strip had superior mechanical properties than imported pure carbon contact strip and a certain domestic chopped fiber reinforced slide. In the same conditions, the wear rate of the resin hot pressing contact strip was close with that of pure carbon slide, but friction coefficient of resin hot pressing slide was a bit higher. Wear resistance of resin roasting slide was a bit poorer than that of imported carbon contact strip, and in the same conditions, the abrasion of a certain domestic slide to copper plate was the biggest, and that of imported pure carbon contact strip to copper plate was minimum. The performance of both two kinds of carbon fibre reinforced contact strip prepared was superior to the performance of a certain domestic contact strip.
In the same conditions, the arc discharge degree from low to high was:import pure carbon contact strip, resin roasting contact strip, resin hot pressing contact strip and a certain domestic contact strip. The arc erosion of contact strip in the process of friction wear with the load flow mainly included material transfer, melt splashing and evaporation erosion. Contact strip's friction and wear mechanism was as follows: under flow friction with no load and wear conditions, the main mechanical friction and wear form of resin hot pressing contact strip and resin roasting contact strip was abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and in the load flow conditions, the mechanical friction and wear form was mainly arc erosion wear and oxidation wear, accompanied with the abrasive wear, adhesive wear and mechanical wear.
采用模压法制备了树脂热压型滑板,研究了模压温度、压力以及模压时间对滑板性能的影响,最终确定合理的模压条件为：预热温度100℃,预热时间6min,热压温度170℃,加压压力60MPa,模压时间60min。采用Minitab软件对不同配方滑板的性能进行模拟分析,确定滑板各配方含量对滑板性能的影响,实验发现：碳纤维含量是影响试样冲击强度的主要因素；导电相铜含量对滑板的电阻率起着至关重要的作用；纤维含量、石墨含量以及酚醛树脂含量对试样的耐磨性能均有较大程度的影响。Minitab拟合分析出试样的最佳配方为：铜网15wt.%、碳纤维布17wt.%、短切碳纤维5wt.%、酚醛树脂33wt.%、石墨22wt.%、铜粉5wt.%以及丁腈橡胶3wt.%；该配方下试样的性能为：电阻率8.63gΩ?m,冲击强度78kJ.m-2,体积磨损率0.558×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1摩擦系数0.200,抗压强度≥200MPa,抗折强度140-200MPa。
为了提高碳纤维增强受电弓滑板中增强相碳纤维与基体酚醛树脂的浸润性,并提高复合材料的界面强度,本文采用液相氧化/偶联剂涂层法对碳纤维表面进行了改性,并采用拉曼光谱(Raman spectrum, Raman)、光电子能谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FTIR)以及扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)对改性前后碳纤维的结构以及形貌进行观察分析并利用纤度仪及万能试验机对碳纤维及其复合材料的力学性能进行了测试,结果表明：随着液相氧化时间的延长,碳纤维的力学性能逐渐下降,表面逐渐被刻蚀,碳纤维表面结构的无序度提高,纤维表面含氧官能团含量逐渐上升。APS偶联剂处理后,硅醇基会与碳纤维表而的活性官能团反应,碳纤维表而的O-C=O官能团含量减少并形成一层薄膜,有利于提高碳纤维的拉伸强度以及断裂伸长率。经过90min液相氧化改性和偶联剂处理后,试样的冲击强度提高了约35%,层间剪功强度升高约37.7%；随着液相氧化处理和偶联剂处理的时间的延长,碳纤维的体积电阻率有不同程度的升高；改性处理使得滑板试样的电阻率略有波动,但变化幅度不大；表而处理可以提高滑板的耐磨性能,经过APS硅烷偶联处理后的滑板磨损量最低,其磨损量比未处理的滑板磨损量降低了约5%。
实验采用碳化法及液相浸渍致密法制备了焙烧型受电弓滑板并对致密化工艺及效果进行了研究。研究表明：采用800℃碳化处理可提高滑板在瞬间高温下的热稳定性能。经过对酚醛树脂的黏度与温度、浓度的关系分析,得出合理的浸渍条佳为：酚醛树脂乙醇浸渍液浓度60%,浸渍温度60℃,浸渍时间为1.5h。热处理后滑板试样的气孔率较高,电阻率降低约26%,冲击强度明显降低,体积磨损量增加,摩擦系数降低。致密化之后滑板的电阻率、气孔率和体积磨损量都是随着碳化一浸渍次数的增加而逐渐减小；抗压强度、抗弯强度以及硬度均随着碳化-浸渍次数的增加而逐渐提高。对试样进行4次碳化-浸渍致密化处理试样性能较佳,因此在树脂热压型滑板的基础上,综合考虑试样性能以及制备成本等因索,最终采用4次碳化一浸渍工艺来制备树脂焙烧型滑板。
树脂热压型滑板的磨损率随着载流密度的提高而逐渐增大,摩擦系数逐渐减少；磨损率随着摩擦速度的增加有所增大,基本呈线性增长；在相同速度下滑板的载流磨损量明显大于无载流时的磨损量。无载流条件下,试样的磨损率随着接触压力的增加基本呈线性增长,摩擦系数逐渐增大并趋于平稳；载流磨损时,试样的体积磨损量与电压呈U型变化。树脂焙烧型滑板与纯碳滑板未载流时的磨损率差别较小,分别为：0.85×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1和0.91×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1;两种滑板的磨损率均随着电流密度的增加而增加；这两种滑板的载流磨损率亦随着载荷的增加基本呈U型变化,摩擦系数均有降低的的趋势；三种滑板的载流效率均随着电流密度的增加而减小；随着载荷的增加而增大；随着滑行速度的变化先减小后增大
树脂焙烧型滑板对铜轮及铜盘的磨耗均小于树脂热压型滑板,且载流情况下该滑板对铜盘的磨耗情况与纯碳滑板的情况相似。树脂热压型滑板和树脂焙烧型滑板的力学性能比进口纯碳滑板以及国产某短切纤维增强滑板的力学性能好；,树脂热压型滑板的磨损率与纯碳滑板的磨损率相近,树脂热压型滑板的摩擦系数略高；树脂焙烧型滑板的耐磨性较进口碳滑板的耐磨性稍差,在相同实验条件下,国产某滑板对铜盘的磨耗最大,进口纯碳滑板对铜盘的磨损最小。两种碳纤维增强受电弓滑板的性能均优异于国产某滑板的性能。
电弧是在摩擦副的接触-分离过程中形成的,是受电弓/导线系统在滑动受流过程中一种常见的现象。在相同条件下,四种滑板的电弧放电程度从低到高分别为：进口纯碳滑板、树脂焙烧型滑板、树脂热压型滑板和国产某滑板。滑板在载流摩擦磨损过程中的电弧侵蚀作用主要包括材料转移、熔融喷溅以及蒸发侵蚀。对滑板的摩擦磨损机理进行了研究,结果表明：无载流摩擦磨损条件下,树脂热压型滑板和树脂焙烧型滑板的主要摩擦磨损形式为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损；在载流条件下,滑板的摩擦磨损主要是以电弧侵蚀磨损和氧化磨损为主,伴随着磨粒磨损、粘着磨损等机械磨损形式。
Electric locomotive is a kind of modern railway transport, and pantograph contact strip is the most important unit of electric locomotive to import electricity. At present, widely used pantograph contact strip mainly includes steeped metal contact strip and carbon contact strip. But as the operation speed of the electric locomotive unceasingly increased, all traditional contact strips show different degrees of defects, therefore it is very significant to develop a type of contact strip with high conductivity, high strength, good wear resistance and suitable for contact line. This paper used the carbon fiber as reinforced phase, copper as conductive phase, modified phenolic resin as binder, and graphite as lubrication phase prepare carbon fiber reinforced hot-pressed/calculated contact strip, and also studied the formulation, technology, performance, arc erosion characteristics and wear mechanism.
The formulation and preparation technology of contact strip samples were studied. Contact strip sample was prepared by compression molding, and the influence of mould temperature, mould pressure and mould time to the slide's performance was researched. Finally, the reasonable mould conditions were determined:preheat temperature100℃, preheating time6min, hot pressing temperature170℃, mould pressure60MPa and mould time60min. Using Minitab software simulated and analyzed the performance of contact strip with different formula, to determine the formula content's influence on the slide's performance. It was found that carbon fiber content is the key factor to affect the impact strength of slide sample, that copper content of conductive phase plays an important role in determining the slide's resistivity, and that fiber content, graphite content and phenolic resin content had a great deal of influence on the wear-resisting performance of the sample. The best formula of the slide sample was as follows:copper mesh15wt.%, carbon fiber cloth17wt.%, short carbon fiber5wt.%. phenolic resin33wt.%, graphite22wt.%, copper powder5wt.%and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber3wt.%. The performance of the sample was as follows:resistivity8.63uΩ·m, impact strength78kJ·m-2, volume wear rate0.558×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1, friction coefficient0.200, compressive strength>200MPa and bending strength140-200MPa.
In order to improve the invasion of enhance phase carbon fiber and matrix phenolic of carbon fiber reinforced pantograph contact strip, and improve the strength of the composite material, liquid phase oxidation/coupling agent coating method is adopted to modify carbon fiber's surface. The structure and morphology of carbon fiber before and after modification were observed by the Raman spectrum (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanics properties of carbon fiber and its composite materials were tested by the fiber fineness tester and universal testing machine. The results showed that:the mechanical properties of carbon fiber gradually declined with the time of liquid phase oxidation increase, surface was gradually etching, disorder parameter of carbon fiber's surface structure improved, and fiber surface oxygenic functional groups content gradually raised. After treatment of APS coupling agent, silanol group reacted with the carbon fiber surface active functional groups, formed a layer of film in the surface of the carbon fiber, and was beneficial to improving the carbon fiber tensile strength and elongation at break. O-C=O group on the carbon fiber surface would react with silanol group, so O-C=O functional group content on the carbon fiber surface would decrease. After modification treatment on carbon fiber, composite materials'impact strength and interlaminar shear strength were increased. Along with the liquid phase oxidation treatment and coupling agent treatment proceeding, carbon fiber's volume and resistivity increased slightly. The impact of liquid phase oxidation modification treatment on the resistivity of the prepared composite material was not big, and resistance rate of coupling agent modified contact strip declined slightly. Surface treatment could improve the slide wear-resisting performance significantly, after silane coupling treatment, the slide wear was lowest, and it was down about35%than that of untreated.
In order to improve the thermal stability of contact strip, the experiment used IC method to prepare roasting type pantograph contact strip, and the impregnation process and effect were studied. The800℃carbonization could improve the slide's thermal stable performance in an instant high temperature. The experimental dipping conditions were as below:phenolic resin impregnation liquid ethanol concentration60%, dipping temperature60℃, dipping time1.5h. After heat treatment, resistance rate reduced about26%. the impact strength reduced, volume wear increased and the porosity was higher. It was better to dip samples for4times. After densification, resistivity, porosity and volume wear of the contact strip gradually decreased along with the increase of the time of carbonization-dipping treatment. Compressive strength, bending strength and hardness gradually improved along with the increase of the time of carbonization-dipping treatment.
With the carrier density of resin hot pressing contact strip rising, its wear rate gradually increased, but the friction coefficient gradually reduced. With the increase of the friction velocity, wear rate increased, basically growing linearly. At the same velocity, the slide's wear under load flow was significantly greater than that under no load flow. In no load flow conditions, the wear rate of sample generally growed linearly with the increase of the contact pressure and friction coefficient increased and ultimately tended to be stable. In load flow conditions, sample's volume wear and voltage was U change. Under no load flow, the wear rate gap of resin roasting slide and pure carbon slide was small, and their values were0.85×10-5mm3·N-1·-m-1and0.91×10-5mm3·N-1·m-1respectively. The wear rate of both slides increased along with the increase of current density. With the increase of friction velocity, friction coefficient trended to decrease. Wear rate of these two types'contact strip was also in U change with load changes. Load flow efficiency of three kinds of slide above referred decreased with the increase of current density, increases with the increase of the load, and increased after first decrease with the change of planing speed.
The abrasion of the resin roasting contact strip prepared to copper wheel and copper plate was less than resin hot pressing contact strip, and in the current conditions, the abrasion of the contact strip to copper plate is similar with that of pure carbon slide. Resin hot pressing slide and resin roasting contact strip had superior mechanical properties than imported pure carbon contact strip and a certain domestic chopped fiber reinforced slide. In the same conditions, the wear rate of the resin hot pressing contact strip was close with that of pure carbon slide, but friction coefficient of resin hot pressing slide was a bit higher. Wear resistance of resin roasting slide was a bit poorer than that of imported carbon contact strip, and in the same conditions, the abrasion of a certain domestic slide to copper plate was the biggest, and that of imported pure carbon contact strip to copper plate was minimum. The performance of both two kinds of carbon fibre reinforced contact strip prepared was superior to the performance of a certain domestic contact strip.
In the same conditions, the arc discharge degree from low to high was:import pure carbon contact strip, resin roasting contact strip, resin hot pressing contact strip and a certain domestic contact strip. The arc erosion of contact strip in the process of friction wear with the load flow mainly included material transfer, melt splashing and evaporation erosion. Contact strip's friction and wear mechanism was as follows: under flow friction with no load and wear conditions, the main mechanical friction and wear form of resin hot pressing contact strip and resin roasting contact strip was abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and in the load flow conditions, the mechanical friction and wear form was mainly arc erosion wear and oxidation wear, accompanied with the abrasive wear, adhesive wear and mechanical wear.
引文
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