双组分IPN/蒙脱土复合吸水材料深部液流转向剂研究
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摘要
针对目前国内高含水油田水驱效率低下、注入水无效循环的现状,根据对驱替液深部液流转向剂材料的要求,在调研总结国内外深部液流转向体系的基础上,以互穿网络聚合物理论为指导,通过两步法制备了具有缓慢吸水膨胀和高强度特性的双组分互穿网络聚合物/蒙脱土复合吸水材料。
以力学性能、吸水性能为指标研究了引发剂、交联剂、蒙脱土等对吸水网络形成的影响以及温度、引发剂、单体等因素对反应速率的影响。研究了影响控制吸水网络的形成因素。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、小角X光衍射等分析测试方法,证实了互穿聚合物网络结构的存在。
在Flory材料吸水热力学理论基础上推导了复合吸水材料的吸水公式,揭示了复合吸水材料的缓膨机理,控制吸水网络对吸水膨胀的束缚是缓膨的决定性因素。通过对吸水动力学研究,发现复合吸水材料的吸水过程可以分为四个阶段,吸水倍率达到10g/g需要20天以上,达到准吸水平衡需要50天以上,具备缓膨的特性。探讨了温度、矿化度、酸碱度等因素对吸水的影响。
采用RS600流变仪和万能材料实验机研究了复合吸水材料吸水后的力学性能,表明弹性模量G’的数量级为104Pa,黏性模量G’’在102-103Pa之间;吸水25.8g/g样品,压缩形变80%后破裂,破裂压力为0.6-0.8MPa,说明材料弹性好,恢复能力强。首次设计并进行了受限膨胀实验,结果表明,材料吸水膨胀的膨胀力大小与吸水倍率成反比,在地层中空间受限的情况下可以实现吸水膨胀。
复合吸水材料颗粒可以顺利注入并降低渗透率,颗粒膨胀后可有效降低渗透率,并可以在填砂管微孔中运移。颗粒用量越大,降低渗透率效果越明显。进入高渗透层段后,通过吸水膨胀改善渗透率差异,使驱替液转向,提高原油采收率。吸水后的复合吸水材料颗粒以拉伸变形的方式通过比自身尺寸小的喉道,通过后立即恢复原状。
通过研究表明复合吸水材料可应用于温度40-80℃、矿化度小于200000mg/L的油藏,具有广范的应用前景。
To change the present situation of inefficient water displacement and noneffective water circulating in domestic high water-cut oil field, according to the requirement of materials which are used as the in-depth fluid diverting agent, on the basis of investigating and summarizing of in-depth fluid diverting agent system development of internal and external, the water absorption materials with interpenetrating polymer networks and montmorillnite (WIPN) were prepared via two processes on the directing of interpenetrating polymer networks theory. The materials can slowly absorb water and maintain high strength after absorbing water.
With mechanical property and water absorbing property as the evaluating indicator, the effect factors of sopping network forming were studied, the factors include initiator, crosslinking agent and montmorillnite; the effects of temperature, indicator and monomer to reaction rate were researched. The effect factors of control swelling network establishing were discussed. The existence of interpenetrating polymer networks was confirmed by SEM, TEM, small angle X-ray diffraction and etc analysis techniques.
On the basis of Flory’s material water absorbing thermodynamics theory, the water absorbing formula of WIPN was deducted; it shows that the crosslinking density of control swelling network is the main factor of delaying water absorbing. It was found by studying water absorbing dynamics that the water absorbing process of WIPN is composed with four stages. To obtain 10g/g water absorbing rate, it need more than 20 days; it need over 50 days to achieve the approximate water absorbing balance, it can be see that the aim of delaying water absorbing was achieved. The effects of temperature, mineralization degree and pH value to water absorbing property were discussed.
The mechanical property of WIPN after water absorbing was studied by RS600 rheometer and Istron Universal Tester. The results show that the elastic modulus G’is more than 104Pa; the viscous modulus G’’is between 102Pa and 103Pa; the sample, which absorb water 25.8g/g, is broken by compress when its deformation is over 80%; the broken press is between 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa. Those indicate that the materials hold excellent elasticity and recovery property. The experiment of restricted swelling was designed and done. The results indicate that the water absorption rate is more; the swelling force of WIPN is less; the water absorbing expansion of WIPN can be realized when the oil reservoir space is limited.
If the grain size of WIPN particles is less than the pore throat diameter, it can be injected successfully and cause permeability reducing. After the WIPN particles absorb, it can migrate in micropore and reduce further permeability. The dosage of WIPN particles is more; the effect of reducing permeability is more notable. When the WIPN particles are injected in high permeability area, they can improve permeability difference by water absorbing and cause displacement fluid diverting and enhance oil recovery. If the throat size is less than the WIPN particles diameter, the water absorbed particles can pass the throat by stretching and deforming, particles can come back the previous condition after passing throat.
The results show that WIPN can be used in reservoirs in which the temperature is between 40℃and 80℃, the mineralization degree is less than 200000mg/L.
以力学性能、吸水性能为指标研究了引发剂、交联剂、蒙脱土等对吸水网络形成的影响以及温度、引发剂、单体等因素对反应速率的影响。研究了影响控制吸水网络的形成因素。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、小角X光衍射等分析测试方法,证实了互穿聚合物网络结构的存在。
在Flory材料吸水热力学理论基础上推导了复合吸水材料的吸水公式,揭示了复合吸水材料的缓膨机理,控制吸水网络对吸水膨胀的束缚是缓膨的决定性因素。通过对吸水动力学研究,发现复合吸水材料的吸水过程可以分为四个阶段,吸水倍率达到10g/g需要20天以上,达到准吸水平衡需要50天以上,具备缓膨的特性。探讨了温度、矿化度、酸碱度等因素对吸水的影响。
采用RS600流变仪和万能材料实验机研究了复合吸水材料吸水后的力学性能,表明弹性模量G’的数量级为104Pa,黏性模量G’’在102-103Pa之间;吸水25.8g/g样品,压缩形变80%后破裂,破裂压力为0.6-0.8MPa,说明材料弹性好,恢复能力强。首次设计并进行了受限膨胀实验,结果表明,材料吸水膨胀的膨胀力大小与吸水倍率成反比,在地层中空间受限的情况下可以实现吸水膨胀。
复合吸水材料颗粒可以顺利注入并降低渗透率,颗粒膨胀后可有效降低渗透率,并可以在填砂管微孔中运移。颗粒用量越大,降低渗透率效果越明显。进入高渗透层段后,通过吸水膨胀改善渗透率差异,使驱替液转向,提高原油采收率。吸水后的复合吸水材料颗粒以拉伸变形的方式通过比自身尺寸小的喉道,通过后立即恢复原状。
通过研究表明复合吸水材料可应用于温度40-80℃、矿化度小于200000mg/L的油藏,具有广范的应用前景。
To change the present situation of inefficient water displacement and noneffective water circulating in domestic high water-cut oil field, according to the requirement of materials which are used as the in-depth fluid diverting agent, on the basis of investigating and summarizing of in-depth fluid diverting agent system development of internal and external, the water absorption materials with interpenetrating polymer networks and montmorillnite (WIPN) were prepared via two processes on the directing of interpenetrating polymer networks theory. The materials can slowly absorb water and maintain high strength after absorbing water.
With mechanical property and water absorbing property as the evaluating indicator, the effect factors of sopping network forming were studied, the factors include initiator, crosslinking agent and montmorillnite; the effects of temperature, indicator and monomer to reaction rate were researched. The effect factors of control swelling network establishing were discussed. The existence of interpenetrating polymer networks was confirmed by SEM, TEM, small angle X-ray diffraction and etc analysis techniques.
On the basis of Flory’s material water absorbing thermodynamics theory, the water absorbing formula of WIPN was deducted; it shows that the crosslinking density of control swelling network is the main factor of delaying water absorbing. It was found by studying water absorbing dynamics that the water absorbing process of WIPN is composed with four stages. To obtain 10g/g water absorbing rate, it need more than 20 days; it need over 50 days to achieve the approximate water absorbing balance, it can be see that the aim of delaying water absorbing was achieved. The effects of temperature, mineralization degree and pH value to water absorbing property were discussed.
The mechanical property of WIPN after water absorbing was studied by RS600 rheometer and Istron Universal Tester. The results show that the elastic modulus G’is more than 104Pa; the viscous modulus G’’is between 102Pa and 103Pa; the sample, which absorb water 25.8g/g, is broken by compress when its deformation is over 80%; the broken press is between 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa. Those indicate that the materials hold excellent elasticity and recovery property. The experiment of restricted swelling was designed and done. The results indicate that the water absorption rate is more; the swelling force of WIPN is less; the water absorbing expansion of WIPN can be realized when the oil reservoir space is limited.
If the grain size of WIPN particles is less than the pore throat diameter, it can be injected successfully and cause permeability reducing. After the WIPN particles absorb, it can migrate in micropore and reduce further permeability. The dosage of WIPN particles is more; the effect of reducing permeability is more notable. When the WIPN particles are injected in high permeability area, they can improve permeability difference by water absorbing and cause displacement fluid diverting and enhance oil recovery. If the throat size is less than the WIPN particles diameter, the water absorbed particles can pass the throat by stretching and deforming, particles can come back the previous condition after passing throat.
The results show that WIPN can be used in reservoirs in which the temperature is between 40℃and 80℃, the mineralization degree is less than 200000mg/L.
引文
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