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北京延庆规划新城工程地质环境与建设适宜性研究
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摘要
城市工程地质环境研究在城市规划和建设中具有十分重要的作用。论文依托公益性城市地质调查项目“北京延庆规划新城前期区域工程地质勘查”,对规划新城的工程地质环境质量进行了系统研究。全面分析了研究区的水文地质、工程地质、环境地质及地震地质等条件,建立了工程地质三维结构模型,重点研究了影响规划新城地质环境质量的软弱粘性土、活动断裂及水库浸没等三个主要的工程地质问题。利用ArcGIS软件空间分析模块对研究区的岩土地基承载力、压缩性等进行了分区评价;基于GIS系统和DPS数据分析软件,采用聚类分析方法,对研究区展开了诸如地基稳定性、场地稳定性、工程建设地质环境适宜性等系列工程地质环境质量评价工作;基于FLAC3D软件模拟了规划新城范围内构造应力场演化规律,并对断层未来的活动性进行了预测评价。综合上述研究成果,结合延庆新城规划建设条件,进一步研究了地质环境适宜性与城市规划之间的协调性,提出了城市规划修编的合理化建议。
     通过上述研究工作,论文得到如下认识:
     1)研究区岩土体具有典型的多层、互层结构,总体工程地质条件较好,场地较为稳定,场地工程建设地质环境适宜性总体较好,适合于规划各类建筑。
     2)研究区主要工程地质问题为软弱粘性土、活动断裂及官厅水库浸没。软弱粘性土分布面积广,工程特性差,严重影响了研究区岩土地基的工程能力。研究区构造复杂,北东向主要发育7条断裂,南北向4条断裂。延矾次级盆地北缘断裂(F6)为全新深大活动断层,活动断裂危害大;康庄断裂(F1)为第四纪主要断裂,活动断裂危害小;其余断裂均为第四纪一般断裂,在山区出露段活动断裂危害小,平原区隐伏段一般不考虑其对工程的危害影响。现有库水位条件下官厅水库对规划新城无浸没危害,浸没预测表明库水位达到476m时,则会对规划新城建设区产生浸没危害。
     3)区域构造应力场反演分析表明:研究区100年后表层土WE向最大水平位移约2mm、NS向位最大水平位移约3mm;虽然最大位移发生位置均在新城规划区域内,但其位移量小,对新城兴建影响较小。
     4)综合分析研究表明研究区地质环境工程建设适宜性与新城规划协调性总体较好,适宜于开展大规模新城建设。
Urban development is the symbol of the progress of human civilization. Research onurban engineering geologic environment is to study the geological environment related withhuman engineering and economic activity, which has a very important role in urban planningand construction.On the basis of the pre-regional engineering geological exploration in theBeijing Yanqing planning zone, the geological environmental quality were studied in thepaper. Geological conditions about hydrological geology, engineering geology, environmentalgeology and seismic geology are comprehensively analyzed, engineering geologicalthree-dimensional structure model is established. Three main engineering geological problemsabout soft cohesive soil, active faults and the Guanting reservoir submerged are mainlystudied. Using ArcGIS software spatial analysis module to evaluate rock foundation bearingcapacity and the compressibility; Based on GIS system and DPS data analysis software, usingcluster analysis method, Series of engineering geological environmental quality such as thefoundation stability, ground stability, the geological environment suitability of engineeringconstruction are evaluated. Apply FLAC3Dsoftware to simulate the evolution of the tectonicstress in new town planning area and predict the future activity of the fault. All the aboveresearch results, combined with Yanqing planning conditions, further research coordinationbetween the geological environment suitability and Urban Planning and provide the rationalsuggestions of urban planning revision.
     Through the above research work, the paper get the following understanding:
     1)Rock and soil body in the study area is typical of multi-layered, cross-layerstructure, overall engineering geological condition is good. Foundation and site are relativelystable, site engineering geological environment suitability is good, which are suitable for allkinds of planning, architecture.
     2)Main engineering geological problems in the study area is cohesive soil, active faultsand reservoir submersion. Soft cohesive soil distribution area is wide, poor engineeringcharacteristics seriously affected the engineering capabilities. The study area has complexstructure, north-east mainly developed the seven fracture, four fracture north-south. The northrim of the Yanfan subprime basin fracture (F6) is a new deep active fault, which may causeserious harm; Kangzhuang fracture (F1) is main quaternary faults, which is less harmful; therest of the fracture are general quaternary faults, the exposed section of the active faults in themountains are small damage, concealed period in plains generally does not impact on thedangers of engineering; the Guanting reservoir has no harm of immersion for the planningzone; predicted, when water level is476m, it will be submerged harm on the planning zone.
     3) By inversion analysis, After100years the maximum east-west horizontaldisplacement in the study area is about2mm, and3mm for north-south displacement.Although the biggest displacement positions are all in new town planning area, but thedisplacement is small, which is less influence on planning zone construction.
     4)Comprehensive analysis shows that the study area has good suitability of engineeringgeological environment and overall coordination of planning new town, so the area is suitablefor large-scale new town construction.
引文
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