海上固定雷达组网式溢油监测技术研究
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摘要
海上溢油事故频发,能够第一时间掌握溢油监测信息,及时合理地安排应急处置工作,是最大程度减少国家损失的必要条件。在海上作业平台安装溢油监测系统,基于无线网络传输设备,将作业平台上采集、分析的数据传递至岸基应急指挥中心数据库,构建海上组网式溢油监测体系,能够使岸基指挥中心实时获取平台周围的溢油信息,为溢油事故应急处置和安全监管工作提供有效的数据基础,是海上石油开发作业顺利进行的保障。
基于海杂波特性,航海雷达可以探测海面溢油信息,是目前最有效的溢油监测技术手段之一。它可以不受夜间或者云雾雨雪等恶劣天气的影响,具有全天时、全天候、大范围监测溢油的能力。本文根据航海雷达溢油监测原理,从需求分析、数据库设计、系统设计、软硬件架构、功能设计和实现角度,对海上固定雷达组网式溢油监测体系进行了详细阐述。首先将CARIS HPD源数据库中电子海图数据进行ArcGIS格式下的转换,作为课题研究的基础。再将航海雷达进行固定式安装,应用Spx雷达信息采集技术、ArcGIS Engine二次开发组件、网络传输技术、ArcGIS Server网络地图发布技术和ArcGIS SDE空间数据库引擎,进行数据采集、数据分析、数据传输、数据应用展示四个子模块的功能设计与实现。
本文提出采用坐标转换、地图投影、空间配准、动态分析、空间要素生成等手段,在电子海图基础上构建溢油轨迹回放模型,直观展示事故发生后的溢油漂移轨迹,为海上事故责任鉴定和漂移趋势研究等工作提供技术依据。
针对数据发布功能,以数据优化、混合切片方案优化、比例尺方案优化、多地图服务叠加、灵活运用按需缓存策略等综合手段,有效提升ArcGIS Server网络地图服务和溢油数据发布的性能。
Marine oil spill accidents occur frequently. Acquiring oil spill monitoring information and arranging emergency work effectively in time are the necessary conditions of reducing the loss of country on the maximum extent. Oil spill monitoring systems are installed on the offshore platforms. Based on wireless network transmission equipments, analytical data are transmitted from the platforms to the shore-based command center database. This marine networking oil spill monitoring system architecture allows the shore-based command center to acquire oil spill information around the platforms in time. It can provide data bases for oil spill emergency disposal and safety supervision work. And it is one of the most important safeguard mechanisms of oil exploitation on the sea.
Based on the characteristics of sea clutter, oil spill information can be detected by marine radar, which is one of the most effective marine oil spill monitoring methods. It can overcome the influence of rain, snow and other inclement weather. And it has the ability of all-time, all-weather, large-scale oil spill monitoring. According to the marine radar oil spill monitoring principle, fixed radar networking oil spill monitoring system was elaborated from the aspects of needs analysis, system design, database design, hardware and software environment, function design and implementation in this paper. First, electronic chart data in CARIS HPD were converted by ArcGIS as base data. Then marine radars were fixed installed on the platforms. And technologies of Spx radar information development, ArcGIS Engine components, ArcGIS Server network publishing, ArcGIS SDE spatial database engine and network transmission were applied to implement the modules of data acquisition, data analysis, data transmission and data display.
Oil spill trajectory playback model was established by coordinate transformation, space projection, space object dynamical generation and so on. It can replay oil spill accidents dynamically. And it can provide the bases for accident responsibility identification and analysis of oil slick drift trend.
Methods of data optimization, mixed formats tiles optimization, scales optimization, map services overlay, and on-demand cache strategy were used to enhance the performance of ArcGIS Server network data application effectively.
基于海杂波特性,航海雷达可以探测海面溢油信息,是目前最有效的溢油监测技术手段之一。它可以不受夜间或者云雾雨雪等恶劣天气的影响,具有全天时、全天候、大范围监测溢油的能力。本文根据航海雷达溢油监测原理,从需求分析、数据库设计、系统设计、软硬件架构、功能设计和实现角度,对海上固定雷达组网式溢油监测体系进行了详细阐述。首先将CARIS HPD源数据库中电子海图数据进行ArcGIS格式下的转换,作为课题研究的基础。再将航海雷达进行固定式安装,应用Spx雷达信息采集技术、ArcGIS Engine二次开发组件、网络传输技术、ArcGIS Server网络地图发布技术和ArcGIS SDE空间数据库引擎,进行数据采集、数据分析、数据传输、数据应用展示四个子模块的功能设计与实现。
本文提出采用坐标转换、地图投影、空间配准、动态分析、空间要素生成等手段,在电子海图基础上构建溢油轨迹回放模型,直观展示事故发生后的溢油漂移轨迹,为海上事故责任鉴定和漂移趋势研究等工作提供技术依据。
针对数据发布功能,以数据优化、混合切片方案优化、比例尺方案优化、多地图服务叠加、灵活运用按需缓存策略等综合手段,有效提升ArcGIS Server网络地图服务和溢油数据发布的性能。
Marine oil spill accidents occur frequently. Acquiring oil spill monitoring information and arranging emergency work effectively in time are the necessary conditions of reducing the loss of country on the maximum extent. Oil spill monitoring systems are installed on the offshore platforms. Based on wireless network transmission equipments, analytical data are transmitted from the platforms to the shore-based command center database. This marine networking oil spill monitoring system architecture allows the shore-based command center to acquire oil spill information around the platforms in time. It can provide data bases for oil spill emergency disposal and safety supervision work. And it is one of the most important safeguard mechanisms of oil exploitation on the sea.
Based on the characteristics of sea clutter, oil spill information can be detected by marine radar, which is one of the most effective marine oil spill monitoring methods. It can overcome the influence of rain, snow and other inclement weather. And it has the ability of all-time, all-weather, large-scale oil spill monitoring. According to the marine radar oil spill monitoring principle, fixed radar networking oil spill monitoring system was elaborated from the aspects of needs analysis, system design, database design, hardware and software environment, function design and implementation in this paper. First, electronic chart data in CARIS HPD were converted by ArcGIS as base data. Then marine radars were fixed installed on the platforms. And technologies of Spx radar information development, ArcGIS Engine components, ArcGIS Server network publishing, ArcGIS SDE spatial database engine and network transmission were applied to implement the modules of data acquisition, data analysis, data transmission and data display.
Oil spill trajectory playback model was established by coordinate transformation, space projection, space object dynamical generation and so on. It can replay oil spill accidents dynamically. And it can provide the bases for accident responsibility identification and analysis of oil slick drift trend.
Methods of data optimization, mixed formats tiles optimization, scales optimization, map services overlay, and on-demand cache strategy were used to enhance the performance of ArcGIS Server network data application effectively.
引文
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