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大连岔鞍村滑坡机理及治理优化研究
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摘要
大连岔鞍村滑坡位于大连西城国际旅游度假区中部、岔鞍村旅顺中路马北线9km+200m到9km+600m处,该滑坡自2006年以来开始加速滑动,并呈逐步向后缘方向扩展的趋势,滑体范围在不断扩大,造成滑坡地质灾害日趋加重,严重的威胁了滑坡区内人民的生命及财产安全,并可能引起王家店水库溃坝等危险。
     本文依托“大连市甘井子区红旗街道岔鞍村滑坡地质灾害勘察”和国家财政部资助的地质灾害防治项目“辽宁省大连市岔鞍村特大型滑坡体地灾治理”,针对岔鞍村滑坡的滑坡机理及治理优化进行研究。
     本文以大连岔鞍村滑坡为研究对象,首先从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、水文地质条件、地震活动以及人类工程活动情况等方面,研究岔鞍村滑坡工程地质环境特点,确定滑坡的基本特征、结构及物质组成特征。其次,从地质历史及河谷演化过程的角度和工程地质力学的角度,研究岔鞍村滑坡新、老滑坡的滑坡机理,并分析滑坡主要影响因素。再次,对比研究岔鞍村滑坡治理设计中的典型方案,研究滑坡治理设计方法及设计过程。最后,从岔鞍村滑坡治理设计中总结经验和方法,对传递系数法进行改进,研究基于剩余抗滑力的削坡优化方法;研究抗滑桩设计参数和明沟设计参数,建立最低目标优化数学模型,采用人工鱼群算法,研究抗滑桩和明沟优化设计方法;通过研究滑坡综合治理中的不确定因素,基于模糊多目标群格序决策的优化方法,研究综合治理优选模型,建立了滑坡治理优化系统。
Relying on “Chaancun landslide geological hazard exploration in Dalian City”and the National Treasury Geological Disaster Prevention Project “Chaancunsuper-huge landslide disaster treatment in Dalian City of Liaoning Province”, theChaancun landslide slide mechanism and treatment methods are studied in this paper.And takes the treatment optimization design as a goal, the optimal design methods ofcut slope, anti-slide pile and open ditch are also studied. Finally, optimal selection ofcomprehensive treatment method are studied, and the landslide treatment optimizesystem is establish.
     The main achievements of this paper are as follows:
     1. Comprehensive field geological investigation of Chaancun landslide is taken.Geological, hydrological, meteorological data are collected. From the aspects oftopography, lithology, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions, seismicactivity, and human engineering activities, the engineering geological environment isstudied. The basic characteristics of Chaancun landslide, the structure and thematerial composition are analyzed. Combined with the landslide displacementmonitoring data, the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics, the positionof sliding surface, the sliding direction and sliding state are analyzed.
     2. Through the study of the geological history and the valley evolution process,the old landslide is damaged by the role of lithology structure, faults and river.According to the structural characteristics of the slip zone and landslide, from theaspect of the engineering geomechanics, and using the numerical simulation methodsimulation to study of the new landslide slide mechanism. The human engineeringactivities led to the partial resurrection of the old landslide, and then the newlandslide formed. The Chaancun landslide is a trust load caused landslide. The mainfactors affecting landslide are the weak structural surface occord a chain deformationas destruction-unloading-redestruction, which is the basic conditions of a slide; Both sides of the border are two faults, which forms a chairs circle-like terrain; the poordrainage system results in incureased hydraulic gradient of the slope body, and thesliding force incureases, the rainfall is the dominant factor of the landslide; theartificial excavation of the slope foot is the direct factor of the landslide.
     3. Using the slope cut slope, filled back soil, anti-slide pile, open ditch, blindditch and borehole joint drainage measures for comprehensive treatment of theChaancun landslide. The detailed design and the design process are given.
     4. To improve the transfer coefficient method, the remaining landslide forceformula is derivated, which is considered earthquakes and groundwater conditions ofthe landslide. And then, cut slope optimization method is given. The anti-slide piledesign parameters and open ditch design parameters are studied; the minimumobjective optimization mathematical model is established. Using artificial fishswarm algorithm optimization design method to design the anti-slide pile and openditch. The uncertainties of landslide comprehensive treatment are analyzed. Basedon fuzzy multi-objective optimization method, the optimization model ofcomprehensive treatment is given. Then, the optimization treatment system isestablished.
     The main innovative points of this paper are as follows:
     1. From the aspects of the geological history and the valley evolution process,and the engineering geomechanics, the slide mechanism of Chaancun landslide isstudied.
     2. Combined with the software of Cocad, Surfer and Ansys, the high precisionsimulation model is established, the slide mechanism is analyzed.
     3. The artificial fish swarm algorithm is the first time to apply in the optimizationdesign of the anti-slide pile and open ditch, multi-parameter optimization design isrealized.
     4. Comprehensive application of decision theory, lattice theory and fuzzy settheory, the fuzzy mulltiobjective lattice-order decision making are used to proposedoptimization model, the optimization treatment system is established.
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