城乡规划知识管理与协同工作方法研究
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摘要
在知识经济时代,知识成为企业第一生产要素,知识管理成为企业适应市场竞争、提高生产力和竞争力、构建学习型组织的有效方式。城乡规划组织作为以知识为核心的技术服务型单位,具有知识密集特性,并强调规划设计的整体性。随着城乡规划领域信息化发展、基于知识的系统和规划支持系统建设的逐步深入,引进知识管理理念已成为发展趋势。开展城乡规划知识管理研究和实践,对于汇聚规划经验和知识、进行规划创新、提高规划成果科学性、促进城市和谐发展具有重要现实意义；对于促进规划信息化发展、实现规划组织内基于知识的的工作协同具有重要指导意义。
本文站在我国城乡规划工作者角度,尤其是规划编制和规划信息化工作者角度,提出将知识管理理念引入规划业务工作,探讨在城乡规划领域和规划组织运用知识管理作为综合和协调管理手段以提升规划信息服务水平的方法,尝试从技术层面建立基于知识的规划编制中的协同工作手段。
论文首先回顾了城乡规划知识管理产生和发展的过程,分析了当前研究进展,总结了面临的主要问题和今后的发展趋势。在此基础上,研究规划组织实施知识管理的理论框架,探讨规划知识管理实施的操作方法,为在城乡规划领域实现基于知识管理的引进和应用奠定理论基础。其次,具体分析了城乡规划知识管理技术方法体系,从城乡规划角度论述了规划知识管理涉及的主要技术方法以及它们的作用。再次,论文面向规划编制工作整体管理,设计了规划知识体系框架,并引进本体技术建立了规划知识本体(UPOntology)对其内容和相互关系进行描述和表达,为规划知识规范化表示和存储、知识库的建立与维护、知识的搜索和重用奠定了基础,也为规划知识生产与管理、知识共享与学习、知识应用和创新等环节提供了技术保障。最后,论文从规划知识管理工作过程模型、功能模型和逻辑框架等视角研究了城乡规划知识管理系统平台的体系结构与功能组成,并以规划知识门户、城市土地资源综合决策平台、城市交通承载能力评价软件三个案例进行实践分析,从规划制定和管理中的部门协同、专业协同以及知识共享等角度对提出的城乡规划知识管理理论框架和技术框架的可行性进行了例证
It has already substituted knowledge for land, labor, capital and equipment in theknowledge society, and knowledge has become the essential production element for allthe enterprises. Knowledge management has become a effective method for enterprisesto adapt to market competition, promote productivity and develop learning atmospherewithin them. As an technical organization which use knowledge as the core service, thekey characteristic of an urban planning unit is the dense information and knowledge.Further more, the planning and design process should also be considered as a whole.Along with the gradually in-depth development of knowledge-based systems andplanning support systems within the domain of urban planning, the introduce ofknowledge management has become a new evolution trend. Undertaking knowledgemanagement research and application in urban planning will make a significantcontribution to the collection of planners’ experiences and knowledge, to conductinnovation and give birth to more scientific planning blue print and to promote aharmonious city. Moreover, it will advance the development of infomationization andhelp to mine mass of urban data and integrate currently separated information systems.In addition, it will guiderban planning unit to achieve knowledge-based cooperativeplanning process as well.
On the side of a planner, especially on the side of a researcher in urban planningcomposition and infomationization, knowledge management theory was introduced inthe field urban planning in this paper. The method of how to promote the informationservice by using knowledge management as a complicated and coordinated measure inurban planning unit is discussed. The paper tried hard to establish a knowledge-basedmechanism for cooperative planning technically.
Firstly, the emergence and continuing movement of knowledge management inurban planning is reviewed, the currently evolution progress and the facing problem anddevelopmental uptrend are summarized at the same time. Based on that, the theoreticalframework and application method of knowledge management within urban planningunit is studied. Secondly, the technical framework of knowledge management ispresented and the role of the related technologies are discussed in the view of urban planning. Thirdly, a suggested knowledge content framework which faces the wholemanagement of urban planning composition is designed. The knowledge content andtheir correlation are described and expressed by ontology which is called UPOntologyand it provides a foundation for standard knowledge expression and storage, forestablishment and maintenance of planning knowledge database and for the search andreuse of the knowledge. And that also guarantees the production, share, learning,application and innovation of knowledge technically. Finally, the framework andfunction modules of urban planning knowledge system are analyzed from the point ofview of management course model, functional model and logical framework of urbanplanning. The paper take knowledge potal land resources comprehensive decisionsupport system and transportation capacity evaluation system as three cases for studyingwhich confirmed the operability of the theoretical framework and feasibility of thetechnical framework of urban planning knowledge management to a certain extent.
本文站在我国城乡规划工作者角度,尤其是规划编制和规划信息化工作者角度,提出将知识管理理念引入规划业务工作,探讨在城乡规划领域和规划组织运用知识管理作为综合和协调管理手段以提升规划信息服务水平的方法,尝试从技术层面建立基于知识的规划编制中的协同工作手段。
论文首先回顾了城乡规划知识管理产生和发展的过程,分析了当前研究进展,总结了面临的主要问题和今后的发展趋势。在此基础上,研究规划组织实施知识管理的理论框架,探讨规划知识管理实施的操作方法,为在城乡规划领域实现基于知识管理的引进和应用奠定理论基础。其次,具体分析了城乡规划知识管理技术方法体系,从城乡规划角度论述了规划知识管理涉及的主要技术方法以及它们的作用。再次,论文面向规划编制工作整体管理,设计了规划知识体系框架,并引进本体技术建立了规划知识本体(UPOntology)对其内容和相互关系进行描述和表达,为规划知识规范化表示和存储、知识库的建立与维护、知识的搜索和重用奠定了基础,也为规划知识生产与管理、知识共享与学习、知识应用和创新等环节提供了技术保障。最后,论文从规划知识管理工作过程模型、功能模型和逻辑框架等视角研究了城乡规划知识管理系统平台的体系结构与功能组成,并以规划知识门户、城市土地资源综合决策平台、城市交通承载能力评价软件三个案例进行实践分析,从规划制定和管理中的部门协同、专业协同以及知识共享等角度对提出的城乡规划知识管理理论框架和技术框架的可行性进行了例证
It has already substituted knowledge for land, labor, capital and equipment in theknowledge society, and knowledge has become the essential production element for allthe enterprises. Knowledge management has become a effective method for enterprisesto adapt to market competition, promote productivity and develop learning atmospherewithin them. As an technical organization which use knowledge as the core service, thekey characteristic of an urban planning unit is the dense information and knowledge.Further more, the planning and design process should also be considered as a whole.Along with the gradually in-depth development of knowledge-based systems andplanning support systems within the domain of urban planning, the introduce ofknowledge management has become a new evolution trend. Undertaking knowledgemanagement research and application in urban planning will make a significantcontribution to the collection of planners’ experiences and knowledge, to conductinnovation and give birth to more scientific planning blue print and to promote aharmonious city. Moreover, it will advance the development of infomationization andhelp to mine mass of urban data and integrate currently separated information systems.In addition, it will guiderban planning unit to achieve knowledge-based cooperativeplanning process as well.
On the side of a planner, especially on the side of a researcher in urban planningcomposition and infomationization, knowledge management theory was introduced inthe field urban planning in this paper. The method of how to promote the informationservice by using knowledge management as a complicated and coordinated measure inurban planning unit is discussed. The paper tried hard to establish a knowledge-basedmechanism for cooperative planning technically.
Firstly, the emergence and continuing movement of knowledge management inurban planning is reviewed, the currently evolution progress and the facing problem anddevelopmental uptrend are summarized at the same time. Based on that, the theoreticalframework and application method of knowledge management within urban planningunit is studied. Secondly, the technical framework of knowledge management ispresented and the role of the related technologies are discussed in the view of urban planning. Thirdly, a suggested knowledge content framework which faces the wholemanagement of urban planning composition is designed. The knowledge content andtheir correlation are described and expressed by ontology which is called UPOntologyand it provides a foundation for standard knowledge expression and storage, forestablishment and maintenance of planning knowledge database and for the search andreuse of the knowledge. And that also guarantees the production, share, learning,application and innovation of knowledge technically. Finally, the framework andfunction modules of urban planning knowledge system are analyzed from the point ofview of management course model, functional model and logical framework of urbanplanning. The paper take knowledge potal land resources comprehensive decisionsupport system and transportation capacity evaluation system as three cases for studyingwhich confirmed the operability of the theoretical framework and feasibility of thetechnical framework of urban planning knowledge management to a certain extent.
引文
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