面向谐波管理业务的分层多粒度服务组合的研究
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摘要
SOA/Web服务技术的应用与推广使得越来越多的谐波管理相关的Web服务被开发并部署。由于谐波管理业务的可分解、可组合的特点及谐波管理中Web服务功能的局限性，应用服务组合构建谐波管理相关业务将成为一种普遍现象，同时服务组合也需面对由谐波管理应用背景带来的挑战。为此，本文提出了一种适用于谐波管理业务构建的服务组合方法，该方法通过不同层次中的不同组合粒度对象的逐级演算，在谐波管理业务构建需求和服务组合方法间推理出需求之原因与组合之结果的必然联系。该方法可以辅助电力用户进行谐波管理业务的构建并积极的参与到谐波各项管理中来，从而有利于减少谐波危害，稳定电能质量，为提高谐波管理自动化水平奠定了基础。
面向谐波管理业务的服务组合需解决诸如领域知识束缚、组合过程复杂性高、优良的组合效率需求、对服务的动态适应性、组合具有可复用性等问题。为了解决这些问题，本文从谐波管理业务需求出发，应用粒计算、相容关系、本体理论、规则推理、蚁群系统等相关学科的知识和方法来描述并解决上述问题。本文所做的工作和取得的成果主要体现在以下几个方面：
1．提出了面向谐波管理业务的分层多粒度服务组合模型（HMGSCM）
定义了HMGSCM中粒、层及结构；并将服务组合过程及过程中需要解决的问题分解到HMGSCM的不同层中依次完成，简化了面向谐波管理业务的服务组合问题的复杂性。
2．通过基于本体的规则推理实现了HMGSCM的业务粒组合
构建了谐波管理业务本体及其推理规则，通过业务粒的映射关系将代表谐波业务知识的本体与代表IT技术的功能粒对应起来，因此基于本体的规则推理实现的业务粒组合能够解决领域知识对服务组合的束缚。
3．提出了基于输出接口参数数目索引的反向逆推接口匹配算法（IIMIO）来完成HMGSCM的功能粒组合
该算法通过建立功能粒的输出接口参数数目索引减少了接口匹配的次数，有助于提高功能粒组合效率。接着为使服务组合具有可复用性，定义了功能组合模板，并设计了模板的自动生成算法；最后为了方便用户选择，还提出了基于覆盖度和冗余度的模板推荐算法。
4．提出了基于QoS多目标优化的蚁群系统算法来实现HMGSCM的基本粒组合
将起点基本粒与终点基本粒分别看作是蚁群系统中的蚁巢和食物，在满足QoS多目标优化的约束下，找出一个从起点到终点的基本粒组合序列。基于蚁群系统对觅食路况动态变化的天然适应性，使本文的基本粒组合也具有对服务的动态性适应能力。
5．设计了环境约束的联合访问控制模型（ECAACM）
ECAACM融合了TBAC和RBAC的思想，将环境参数也列为角色分配和授予权限的依据，解决了诸如服务粒度和服务规则的改变，从而提高了基于HMGSCM的谐波管理业务的安全性。
With the application and promotion of SOA/Web service technology, more and moreWeb services of harmonic management are developed and deployed. Due to thedecomposable and composable characteristics of harmonic management business and thelimited function of a single web service, it will become a common phenomenon toconstructing harmonic management business applying service composition. Andservice composition has to face the challenge problem caused by the applicationbackground of harmonic management at the same time. So the paper puts forward amethod of service composition, which is suitable for constructing the harmonicmanagement business. By dealing with the different grains in the different levels step bystep, this method reasons out the necessary connection of the reasons of the demand andthe result of service composition. It is beneficial to construct and participate the harmonicmanagement business, thus it will reduce the harmonic harm, maintain power quality, andestablish the foundation for improving the level of harmonic management automation.
The service composition of the harmonic management business need to solve theproblems such as the strong dependence of the domain knowledge, the high complexityof service composition, the high efficiency of services composition, the dynamicadaptability for service composition, reusability of composition service and so on. Thispaper describes and solves the above problem based on the requirement of harmonicmanagement business by applying Granular Computing, Tolerance Relation, Ontology,Rule-based Reasoning, Ant Colony System and other related disciplines. Main work andachievements of this paper are as following.
1. Propose Hierarchical and Multiple Granular Service Composition Model orientedmanagement business (HMGSCM).
This paper defines the grain, layer and structure of HMGSCM and decomposes theproblem of service composition in the different levels of HMGSCM and realizes thoseproblems one by one. It will simplify the complexity of service composition orientedharmonic management business.
2. Realize the business grain composition in HMGSCM by applying rule-reasoningin the ontology.
This paper constructs the ontology of harmonic management business and therelative inference rules. By mapping the relationships of the business grain, it makes therelationships between the ontology which is behalf of the harmonic management businessknowledge and function grain which is behalf of IT technology. So the business graincomposition has the ability to reduce the dependence on domain knowledge.
3. Propose the inverse interface matching algorithm based on indexing the number ofoutput parameters algorithm (IIMIO) for achieving function grain composition ofHMGSCM.
This algorithm enhances the efficiency of function grain composition by indexing thenumber of output parameters of function grain. This paper defines the functioncomposition template for improving the reusability of service composition and designsthe algorithm for generating the template automatically. In order to provide convenient for user to select templates, the algorithm for recommending template based on coverageand redundancy is also proposed.
4. Propose Ant Colony System algorithm based on Multi-objective Optimization ofQoS (MOACS) and realizes the basic particle composition of HMGSCM.
This algorithm regards the starting point service grain and the end point service grainas the ant nest and the food respectively, and then obtains a composition sequence of thebasic grain from the starting point to end point. Based on the natural adaptability of thedynamic changes for foraging path of ants, the basic grain composition in this paper alsohas the service dynamic adaptability.
5. Design the Associated Access Control Model of Environmental Constraint(ECACM).
By combining the idea of TBAC and RBAC, ECAACM regards the environmentalparameters as the evidence for assignment role and assigning right. It solves the impacton the access security because of the size change of the service grain and the service ruleand improves the security of harmonic management business based on HMGSCM.
面向谐波管理业务的服务组合需解决诸如领域知识束缚、组合过程复杂性高、优良的组合效率需求、对服务的动态适应性、组合具有可复用性等问题。为了解决这些问题，本文从谐波管理业务需求出发，应用粒计算、相容关系、本体理论、规则推理、蚁群系统等相关学科的知识和方法来描述并解决上述问题。本文所做的工作和取得的成果主要体现在以下几个方面：
1．提出了面向谐波管理业务的分层多粒度服务组合模型（HMGSCM）
定义了HMGSCM中粒、层及结构；并将服务组合过程及过程中需要解决的问题分解到HMGSCM的不同层中依次完成，简化了面向谐波管理业务的服务组合问题的复杂性。
2．通过基于本体的规则推理实现了HMGSCM的业务粒组合
构建了谐波管理业务本体及其推理规则，通过业务粒的映射关系将代表谐波业务知识的本体与代表IT技术的功能粒对应起来，因此基于本体的规则推理实现的业务粒组合能够解决领域知识对服务组合的束缚。
3．提出了基于输出接口参数数目索引的反向逆推接口匹配算法（IIMIO）来完成HMGSCM的功能粒组合
该算法通过建立功能粒的输出接口参数数目索引减少了接口匹配的次数，有助于提高功能粒组合效率。接着为使服务组合具有可复用性，定义了功能组合模板，并设计了模板的自动生成算法；最后为了方便用户选择，还提出了基于覆盖度和冗余度的模板推荐算法。
4．提出了基于QoS多目标优化的蚁群系统算法来实现HMGSCM的基本粒组合
将起点基本粒与终点基本粒分别看作是蚁群系统中的蚁巢和食物，在满足QoS多目标优化的约束下，找出一个从起点到终点的基本粒组合序列。基于蚁群系统对觅食路况动态变化的天然适应性，使本文的基本粒组合也具有对服务的动态性适应能力。
5．设计了环境约束的联合访问控制模型（ECAACM）
ECAACM融合了TBAC和RBAC的思想，将环境参数也列为角色分配和授予权限的依据，解决了诸如服务粒度和服务规则的改变，从而提高了基于HMGSCM的谐波管理业务的安全性。
With the application and promotion of SOA/Web service technology, more and moreWeb services of harmonic management are developed and deployed. Due to thedecomposable and composable characteristics of harmonic management business and thelimited function of a single web service, it will become a common phenomenon toconstructing harmonic management business applying service composition. Andservice composition has to face the challenge problem caused by the applicationbackground of harmonic management at the same time. So the paper puts forward amethod of service composition, which is suitable for constructing the harmonicmanagement business. By dealing with the different grains in the different levels step bystep, this method reasons out the necessary connection of the reasons of the demand andthe result of service composition. It is beneficial to construct and participate the harmonicmanagement business, thus it will reduce the harmonic harm, maintain power quality, andestablish the foundation for improving the level of harmonic management automation.
The service composition of the harmonic management business need to solve theproblems such as the strong dependence of the domain knowledge, the high complexityof service composition, the high efficiency of services composition, the dynamicadaptability for service composition, reusability of composition service and so on. Thispaper describes and solves the above problem based on the requirement of harmonicmanagement business by applying Granular Computing, Tolerance Relation, Ontology,Rule-based Reasoning, Ant Colony System and other related disciplines. Main work andachievements of this paper are as following.
1. Propose Hierarchical and Multiple Granular Service Composition Model orientedmanagement business (HMGSCM).
This paper defines the grain, layer and structure of HMGSCM and decomposes theproblem of service composition in the different levels of HMGSCM and realizes thoseproblems one by one. It will simplify the complexity of service composition orientedharmonic management business.
2. Realize the business grain composition in HMGSCM by applying rule-reasoningin the ontology.
This paper constructs the ontology of harmonic management business and therelative inference rules. By mapping the relationships of the business grain, it makes therelationships between the ontology which is behalf of the harmonic management businessknowledge and function grain which is behalf of IT technology. So the business graincomposition has the ability to reduce the dependence on domain knowledge.
3. Propose the inverse interface matching algorithm based on indexing the number ofoutput parameters algorithm (IIMIO) for achieving function grain composition ofHMGSCM.
This algorithm enhances the efficiency of function grain composition by indexing thenumber of output parameters of function grain. This paper defines the functioncomposition template for improving the reusability of service composition and designsthe algorithm for generating the template automatically. In order to provide convenient for user to select templates, the algorithm for recommending template based on coverageand redundancy is also proposed.
4. Propose Ant Colony System algorithm based on Multi-objective Optimization ofQoS (MOACS) and realizes the basic particle composition of HMGSCM.
This algorithm regards the starting point service grain and the end point service grainas the ant nest and the food respectively, and then obtains a composition sequence of thebasic grain from the starting point to end point. Based on the natural adaptability of thedynamic changes for foraging path of ants, the basic grain composition in this paper alsohas the service dynamic adaptability.
5. Design the Associated Access Control Model of Environmental Constraint(ECACM).
By combining the idea of TBAC and RBAC, ECAACM regards the environmentalparameters as the evidence for assignment role and assigning right. It solves the impacton the access security because of the size change of the service grain and the service ruleand improves the security of harmonic management business based on HMGSCM.
引文
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