美国对外石油政策研究（1944-1954）
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摘要
美国是世界上最早成立石油公司、从事大规模商业性开发和使用石油的国家。在第一次世界大战中，石油成为机械化部队的主要燃料被广泛应用于汽车、飞机、舰艇及坦克部队中，发挥了现代武器装备的威力和作用。一战结束之后，美国政府开始支持本国各大石油公司到中东和南美地区寻找新的石油来源。1928年7月31日，美国与英法荷三国签署了《红线协定》，取代英法主导签署的《圣雷莫协定》，在中东石油资源开发中由一个旁观者变成为与英法荷三国具有平等地位的游戏规则制订者。
第二次世界大战中，高度的机械化作战使得石油成为决定战争进程和胜负的关键因素。美国从全球利益出发，把掌控世界石油资源确定为国家安全利益的核心内容。美国认为必须控制和开发国外新的石油资源，以减少对国内石油资源的损耗，从而保证未来美国石油供应的安全。为了制定一项综合性的对外石油政策，1944年4月11日美国国务院公布了《美国对外石油政策》报告，将石油利益确定为美国国家安全利益的核心，其主要内容是：在中东地区将大西洋宪章的“机会均等”原则运用于战后美国对外石油资源的争夺中；提出了美国对外石油供应的“半球”石油政策，即“东半球”的石油主要由中东地区供应，“西半球”的石油由美洲地区供应。美国对外石油政策的目标是攫取和控制中东地区的石油资源，保护美国国内的石油资源储备。
1944年《美国对外石油政策》报告是指导美国制订和执行战后对外石油政策的纲领性文件。美国凭借其强大的军事和经济实力逐步开发、拓展在中东地区的石油开采规模，并取代了英国在中东地区的石油霸权地位。随着美苏冷战的全面展开，美国一直牢牢坚守着“东方供应东方、西方供应西方”的“半球”石油政策——用中东石油资源为欧洲盟国提供能源支持，而美国国内和拉美地区的石油资源则被保护起来以供西半球使用和未来战争时期的需求。
全面考察和探究1944至1954年美国对外石油政策的制定与实施过程，有助于揭示战后美国对外石油政策的本质、探究美国的中东政策的利益追求、窥探美国构建战后世界石油新秩序的全貌。
本文除前言及结语外，全文分为四章，各章主要内容分别是：
第一章介绍了美国提出对外石油政策的起源和背景。阐述了20世纪初期世界石油工业的发展和美国早期的对外石油政策；探究了美国海军战略石油储备体制的起源；论述了两次世界大战中的对外石油争夺和美国保障盟国的石油供应安全的努力。
第二章阐述了二战末期美国制定对外石油政策的背景及其主要内容。美国对外石油政策的目标是将大西洋宪章的“机会均等”原则运用于战后美国对外石油资源的争夺中；攫取和控制中东地区的石油资源，保护美国国内的石油资源储备；提出了美国对外石油政策的主要内容是“半球”石油政策，即“东半球”的石油主要由中东地区供应，“西半球”的石油由美洲地区供应。
第三章探究了“半球”石油政策框架下美国对外石油政策的实施过程，具体内容是：美国政府在中东地区支持美国公司扩展其石油权益；在实施复兴欧洲的马歇尔计划中，美国大力开发中东地区的石油资源为西欧提供能源支持；同时借助经济援助等手段，加大了对拉美地区石油的保护和控制。
第四章剖析了美国在解决伊朗石油危机事件的过程。伊朗石油危机对于美国石油利益的冲击以及美国的对策；联邦贸易委员会发布了“国际石油卡特尔”报告评估了世界石油形势，指出了美国大型石油公司摆脱反垄断法束缚的合理性；而国家安全委员会的NSC138系列文件则指出了，跨国石油公司在中东地区开发石油资源以维持和满足整个西方世界日益增长的石油需求，是美国的国家安全利益的重要目标；伊朗国际石油财团的成立标志着美国在中东石油霸权地位的确立，美国在世界石油版图上完成了“半球”石油供应政策的规划目标。
The United States is one of the earliest countries in the world that have establishedpetroleum companies, engaged in large-scale commercial development and exploitedpetroleum. As the main fuel for mechanized units, petroleum is widely used in theautomobiles, aircrafts, vessels and tanks forces and brings their roles to full play. After theWorld War I, the United States began to support their major petroleum companies to launch amore powerful exploration campaign to find new petroleum resources in the Middle East andSouth America. On July31,1928, the United States singed the Red Line Agreement withBritain, France and Dutch, thus gained the equal right of exploring the petroleum resources inthe Middle East.
The highly mechanized operations during the World War II made the petroleum becomea key factor which decided the process and outcome of war. The United States recognized thepetroleum interests as the core of its national security. The United States believed that it wasnecessary to control and explore the new foreign petroleum resources in order to reduce theloss of its domestic resources and guarantee the future supply. On April11,1944, the U.S.State Department announced the report “Foreign Petroleum Policy of the United States”.According to this report, the "equal access" clause of the Atlantic Charter should beimplemented in respect of petroleum, and Hemisphere petroleum policy should be adopted inthe foreign petroleum policy with Eastern Hemisphere petroleum supply from the Middle Eastand Western Hemisphere petroleum supply from the Americas. The goal of U.S. foreignpetroleum policy is to seize and control the petroleum resources of the Middle East andprotect the U.S. domestic petroleum reserves.
The report “Foreign Petroleum Policy of the United States” is the programmaticdocument to guide the formulation and implementation of postwar foreign petroleum policy.With its powerful military and economic strength, the United States gradually expand thescale of petroleum exploitation in the Middle East, replacing the British petroleum hegemonyin the Middle East. As the Cold War in full swing, the United States has been firmly adheringto the Hemisphere petroleum policy that means the eastern supply from the east and thewestern supply from the west. The United States aimed at using the Middle East petroleumresources to provide energy support for European allies while the petroleum resources in theUnited States and Latin America are protected for the needs of the Western Hemisphere andthe future war.
A comprehensive study of the formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign petroleum policy (1944-1954) is helpful to reveal the essence of postwar foreign petroleum policy of theUnited States, and completely understand its construction for the new petroleum order afterthe World War II.
The thesis is divided into four chapters in addition to the preface and afterwards.
The first chapter analyzes the origins and background of the U.S. foreign petroleumpolicy, introduces the rise and development of the world petroleum industries during the early20th century. I also trace the beginning of U.S. Navy's Strategic Petroleum Reserve policyand explore the relationship between the two world wars and the wartime petroleum policy ofthe United States.
Chapter2focuses primarily on the background and main content of the U.S. foreignpetroleum policy during the end of World War II. The goal of U.S. foreign petroleum policyis to apply the principle of "equal opportunity" of Atlantic Charter to the competition overforeign petroleum resources, to grab and control the petroleum resources of the Middle East,and to protect the U.S. domestic petroleum resources in reserve. As the main content of itsforeign petroleum policy, the Hemisphere Petroleum Policy means Eastern Hemispherepetroleum supply from the Middle East and Western Hemisphere petroleum supply from theAmericas.
Chapter3explores the implementation of foreign petroleum policy of the United Stateswithin the framework of the Hemisphere Policy. In the implementation of the Marshall Plan,the United States provided energy assistance for the Western Europe with the Middle Eastpetroleum resources. After the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States adopted thewartime emergency petroleum policy, reducing the output of petroleum in the WesternHemisphere and simultaneously taking steps to protect the economic interests ofpetroleum-producing countries in Latin America.
Chapter4specially discusses the solution process of the Iranian Petroleum Crisis. TheFederal Trade Commission of the United States released the report “The InternationalPetroleum Cartel” to assess the world petroleum situation, pointing out the rationality for themajor U.S. petroleum companies to get rid of the anti-monopoly law bound; NSC138of theNational Security Council claimed that the exploiting of multinational petroleum companiesin the Middle East is necessary for meeting the growing demand for petroleum in the entireWestern world, also an important goal of U.S. national security interests.
第二次世界大战中，高度的机械化作战使得石油成为决定战争进程和胜负的关键因素。美国从全球利益出发，把掌控世界石油资源确定为国家安全利益的核心内容。美国认为必须控制和开发国外新的石油资源，以减少对国内石油资源的损耗，从而保证未来美国石油供应的安全。为了制定一项综合性的对外石油政策，1944年4月11日美国国务院公布了《美国对外石油政策》报告，将石油利益确定为美国国家安全利益的核心，其主要内容是：在中东地区将大西洋宪章的“机会均等”原则运用于战后美国对外石油资源的争夺中；提出了美国对外石油供应的“半球”石油政策，即“东半球”的石油主要由中东地区供应，“西半球”的石油由美洲地区供应。美国对外石油政策的目标是攫取和控制中东地区的石油资源，保护美国国内的石油资源储备。
1944年《美国对外石油政策》报告是指导美国制订和执行战后对外石油政策的纲领性文件。美国凭借其强大的军事和经济实力逐步开发、拓展在中东地区的石油开采规模，并取代了英国在中东地区的石油霸权地位。随着美苏冷战的全面展开，美国一直牢牢坚守着“东方供应东方、西方供应西方”的“半球”石油政策——用中东石油资源为欧洲盟国提供能源支持，而美国国内和拉美地区的石油资源则被保护起来以供西半球使用和未来战争时期的需求。
全面考察和探究1944至1954年美国对外石油政策的制定与实施过程，有助于揭示战后美国对外石油政策的本质、探究美国的中东政策的利益追求、窥探美国构建战后世界石油新秩序的全貌。
本文除前言及结语外，全文分为四章，各章主要内容分别是：
第一章介绍了美国提出对外石油政策的起源和背景。阐述了20世纪初期世界石油工业的发展和美国早期的对外石油政策；探究了美国海军战略石油储备体制的起源；论述了两次世界大战中的对外石油争夺和美国保障盟国的石油供应安全的努力。
第二章阐述了二战末期美国制定对外石油政策的背景及其主要内容。美国对外石油政策的目标是将大西洋宪章的“机会均等”原则运用于战后美国对外石油资源的争夺中；攫取和控制中东地区的石油资源，保护美国国内的石油资源储备；提出了美国对外石油政策的主要内容是“半球”石油政策，即“东半球”的石油主要由中东地区供应，“西半球”的石油由美洲地区供应。
第三章探究了“半球”石油政策框架下美国对外石油政策的实施过程，具体内容是：美国政府在中东地区支持美国公司扩展其石油权益；在实施复兴欧洲的马歇尔计划中，美国大力开发中东地区的石油资源为西欧提供能源支持；同时借助经济援助等手段，加大了对拉美地区石油的保护和控制。
第四章剖析了美国在解决伊朗石油危机事件的过程。伊朗石油危机对于美国石油利益的冲击以及美国的对策；联邦贸易委员会发布了“国际石油卡特尔”报告评估了世界石油形势，指出了美国大型石油公司摆脱反垄断法束缚的合理性；而国家安全委员会的NSC138系列文件则指出了，跨国石油公司在中东地区开发石油资源以维持和满足整个西方世界日益增长的石油需求，是美国的国家安全利益的重要目标；伊朗国际石油财团的成立标志着美国在中东石油霸权地位的确立，美国在世界石油版图上完成了“半球”石油供应政策的规划目标。
The United States is one of the earliest countries in the world that have establishedpetroleum companies, engaged in large-scale commercial development and exploitedpetroleum. As the main fuel for mechanized units, petroleum is widely used in theautomobiles, aircrafts, vessels and tanks forces and brings their roles to full play. After theWorld War I, the United States began to support their major petroleum companies to launch amore powerful exploration campaign to find new petroleum resources in the Middle East andSouth America. On July31,1928, the United States singed the Red Line Agreement withBritain, France and Dutch, thus gained the equal right of exploring the petroleum resources inthe Middle East.
The highly mechanized operations during the World War II made the petroleum becomea key factor which decided the process and outcome of war. The United States recognized thepetroleum interests as the core of its national security. The United States believed that it wasnecessary to control and explore the new foreign petroleum resources in order to reduce theloss of its domestic resources and guarantee the future supply. On April11,1944, the U.S.State Department announced the report “Foreign Petroleum Policy of the United States”.According to this report, the "equal access" clause of the Atlantic Charter should beimplemented in respect of petroleum, and Hemisphere petroleum policy should be adopted inthe foreign petroleum policy with Eastern Hemisphere petroleum supply from the Middle Eastand Western Hemisphere petroleum supply from the Americas. The goal of U.S. foreignpetroleum policy is to seize and control the petroleum resources of the Middle East andprotect the U.S. domestic petroleum reserves.
The report “Foreign Petroleum Policy of the United States” is the programmaticdocument to guide the formulation and implementation of postwar foreign petroleum policy.With its powerful military and economic strength, the United States gradually expand thescale of petroleum exploitation in the Middle East, replacing the British petroleum hegemonyin the Middle East. As the Cold War in full swing, the United States has been firmly adheringto the Hemisphere petroleum policy that means the eastern supply from the east and thewestern supply from the west. The United States aimed at using the Middle East petroleumresources to provide energy support for European allies while the petroleum resources in theUnited States and Latin America are protected for the needs of the Western Hemisphere andthe future war.
A comprehensive study of the formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign petroleum policy (1944-1954) is helpful to reveal the essence of postwar foreign petroleum policy of theUnited States, and completely understand its construction for the new petroleum order afterthe World War II.
The thesis is divided into four chapters in addition to the preface and afterwards.
The first chapter analyzes the origins and background of the U.S. foreign petroleumpolicy, introduces the rise and development of the world petroleum industries during the early20th century. I also trace the beginning of U.S. Navy's Strategic Petroleum Reserve policyand explore the relationship between the two world wars and the wartime petroleum policy ofthe United States.
Chapter2focuses primarily on the background and main content of the U.S. foreignpetroleum policy during the end of World War II. The goal of U.S. foreign petroleum policyis to apply the principle of "equal opportunity" of Atlantic Charter to the competition overforeign petroleum resources, to grab and control the petroleum resources of the Middle East,and to protect the U.S. domestic petroleum resources in reserve. As the main content of itsforeign petroleum policy, the Hemisphere Petroleum Policy means Eastern Hemispherepetroleum supply from the Middle East and Western Hemisphere petroleum supply from theAmericas.
Chapter3explores the implementation of foreign petroleum policy of the United Stateswithin the framework of the Hemisphere Policy. In the implementation of the Marshall Plan,the United States provided energy assistance for the Western Europe with the Middle Eastpetroleum resources. After the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States adopted thewartime emergency petroleum policy, reducing the output of petroleum in the WesternHemisphere and simultaneously taking steps to protect the economic interests ofpetroleum-producing countries in Latin America.
Chapter4specially discusses the solution process of the Iranian Petroleum Crisis. TheFederal Trade Commission of the United States released the report “The InternationalPetroleum Cartel” to assess the world petroleum situation, pointing out the rationality for themajor U.S. petroleum companies to get rid of the anti-monopoly law bound; NSC138of theNational Security Council claimed that the exploiting of multinational petroleum companiesin the Middle East is necessary for meeting the growing demand for petroleum in the entireWestern world, also an important goal of U.S. national security interests.
引文
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⑤D. J. Payton-Smith, Oil, A study of Wartime Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.5.
①[意]莱昂纳尔多毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：格致出版社&上海人民出版社，2007年，第22页。
②[加]彼得·特扎基安：《每秒千桶——即将到来的能源转折点：挑战与对策》，李芳龄（译），北京：中国财政经济
出版社，2009年，第35页。
③D. J. Payton-Smith, Oil, A study of Wartime Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.17.
①Harold F. Williamson&Ralph L. Andreano&Arnold R. Daum&Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry,The Age of Energy1899-1959, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press,1959, p.516.
②[加]彼得·特扎基安：《每秒千桶：即将到来的能源转折点，挑战及对策》，李芳龄（译），北京：中国财政经济出版社，2009年，第38页。
③[美]安迪斯特恩：《石油阴谋》，石晓燕（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年，第28页。
④[美]安迪斯特恩：《石油阴谋》，石晓燕（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年，第26页。
①[美]哈维·奥康诺：《石油帝国》，郭外合（译），北京：世界知识出版社，1958年，第256页。
③[美]安迪·斯特恩：《石油阴谋》，石晓燕（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年，第28页。
①Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, New York: Simon&Schuster,1991, p.189.
③Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World Oil, London&Canberra: Croom Helm Ltd.,1983, p.30.
①Harold F. Williamson&Ralph L. Andreano&Arnold R. Daum&Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry,The Age of Energy1899-1959, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press,1959, pp.18-19..
②[美]哈维·奥康诺：《石油帝国》，郭外合（译），北京：世界知识出版社，1958年，第255页。
③[美]史蒂文·M·戈雷利克：《富油？贫油？：解密油价背后的真相》，兰晓荣、刘毅、吴文洁（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2010年，第67页。
④[美]史蒂文·M·戈雷利克：《富油？贫油？：解密油价背后的真相》，兰晓荣、刘毅、吴文洁（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2010年，第211-212页。
⑤Svante Karlsson, Oil and the World Order: American Foreign Oil Policy, Leamington Spa: Berg,1986, p.25.
⑥Declassified Documents Reference System（Hereafter cited as DDRS）, Gale Group, Inc.[EB/OL], Document Number:CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter III: Development of Joint Control Over MiddleEast Oil, p.55.
⑦Helmut Mejcher, Imperial Quest for Oil: Iraq1910-1928, London: Ithaca Press,1976, p.37.
⑧E. D. Porter,“Are We Running Out of Oil?”, American Petroleum Institute Policy Analysis and Strategic PlanningDepartment, American Petroleum Institute, Discussion Paper,1995, p.81.
①DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter III: Development ofJoint Control Over Middle East Oil, p.61.
②DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter III: Development ofJoint Control Over Middle East Oil, pp.56-57.
④Harold F. Williamson&Ralph L. Andreano&Arnold R. Daum&Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry:The Age of Energy,1899-1959, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press,1963, pp.515-519.
⑤Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Anderson, Arnold R. Daum, Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, The Ageof Energy1899-1959, Evanston, Ill: Northwestern University Press,1959, p.517.
⑥John A. DeNovo,“The Movement for an Aggressive American Oil Policy Abroad,1918-1920”, the American HistoricalReview, Vol.61, No.4.(July,1956).
⑦冯跃威：《石油博弈》，北京：企业管理出版社，2003年，第60页。
①DDRS，Document Number: CK3100207503，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter IV: Joint ControlThrough Common Ownership in the Iraq Petroleum Company, Ltd., pp.89-90.
②Edward W. Chester, United States oil policy and diplomacy: a twentieth century overview, Westport, Conn.&London,England: Greenwood Press,1983, p.7.
④George G. Stocking, Middle East Oil: A Study in Political and Economic Controversy, Knoxville: Vanderbilt UniversityPress,1970, p.19.
①DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter III: Development ofJoint Control Over Middle East Oil, p.66.
②Michael B. Stoff, Oil, War, and American Security: the Search for a National Policy on Foreign Oil,1941-1947, NewHaven&London: Yale University Press,1980, p.2
③[美]丹尼尔·耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（上），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第147页。
③Tom Cultler, The Military Demand for Oil, London: Petroleum Press Bureau,1989, p.20.
④National Energy Policy developmengt Group, National Energy Policy, pp.8-17.
⑤Tom Cultler, The Military Demand for Oil, London: Petroleum Press Bureau,1989, P.17.
⑥Edward W. Chester, United States Oil Policy and Diplomacy A Twentieth-Century Overview, Greenwood Press,
①Foreign Relations of the United States (Hereafter cited as FRUS),1943, Volume IV: The Near East and Africa,“TheSecretary of State to Admiral William D. Leahy, December15,1943”, p.951.
②DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter III: Development ofJoint Control Over Middle East Oil, p.61.
③Michael B. Stoff,“The Anglo-American Oil Agreement and the Wartime Search for Foreign Oil Policy,” The BusinessHistory Review, Vol.55, No.1(Spring,1981), p.62.
④L. P. Elwell-Sutton, Persian Oil: A Study in Power Politics, London: University Microfilms,1969, p.271．
①[美]阿瑟·林克，威廉·卡顿：《1900年以来的美国史》（中），刘绪贻等（译），北京：中国社会科学出版社，1983年，第163、166页。
②D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.201.
①Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Andreano, Arnold R. Daum, Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, The Ageof Energy1899-1959, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press,1959, p.753.
②D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.200.
③D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.200.
④D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.210.
⑤John W. Frey, H. Chandler Ide, A History of Petrileum Administration For War,1941-1945, United States GovernmentPrinting Office,1946, p.1.
⑥John W. Frey, H. Chandler Ide, A History of Petroleum Administration For War,1941-1945, Washington, D.C.:UnitedStates Government Printing Office,1946, p.1.
⑦Walter J. Levy, Oil Strategy and Politics,1941-1981, Boulder: Westview Presss,1982, p.48.
⑧Irvine H. Anderson, Armco, the United States, and Saudi Arabia: A Study of the Dynamics of Foreign Oil Policy1933-1950, Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press,1981, pp.36-37.
⑨Harold L. Ickes,“We're Running Out of Oil”, American Magazine (January,1944).
⑩Edward W. Chester, United States Oil Policy and Diplomacy——A Twentieth-Century Overview, Westport, Connecticut:Greenwood Press,1983, p.19.
②FRUS,1943, Vol. IV: The Near East and Africa,“The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the United Kingdom(Winant)”, p.939.
③[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第4页。
④Craufurd Goodwin, Energy Policy in Perspective, Washington: Brooking Institution,1981, p.77.
⑤Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics since1944, New York: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.62.
⑥Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance： Energy Crisis and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.62.
①FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, pp.29-30.
②FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, pp.27-33.
①Michael B. Stoff,“The Anglo-American Oil Agreement and the Wartime Search for Foreign Oil Policy”, The BusinessHistory Review, Vol.55, No.1(Spring,1981), p.69.
②FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, p.27, note32.
③FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, p.30.
④[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第9页。
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Ambassador (Halifax) tothe Secretary of State”, p.94.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“the Secretary of State to The BritishAmbassador (Halifax)”, p.95.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Prime Minister (Churchill)to the President Roosevelt”, p.102.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.112-115.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.112-113.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.113-114.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.114-115.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.115.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
⑤FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Memorandum by the Secretary ofState to President Roosevelt”, pp.126-127.
①[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第13页。
②FRUS,1945, volume VI: The British Commonwealth, the Far East,“Revised Anglo-American Petroleum Agreement,Signed at London, September24,1945”, p.244.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Prime Minister (Churchill)
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State toCertain Diplomatic Representatives in the American Republics”, pp.96-97.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State toCertain Diplomatic Representatives in the American Republics”, p.97.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Memorandum of Conversation, bythe Petroleum Adviser (Rayner)”, p.100.
①Statistical Office of the United Nations, Statistical Yearbook,1949-1950, Second Issue, Tables43, New York: U.N.Publications,1950, pp.146-147.
②U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Controlling Movement andTransportation Abroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products, Report to Accompany H.R.4042, July21,1947,80th Cong,Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,1947.
③U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80th Cong.,1st sess., Report No.696, Washington, D.C.: GovernmentPrinting Office,1947.
④FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
⑤FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State to theAmbassador in the United Kingdom(Winant)”, p.105.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Secretary of State to theAmbassador in the Soviet Union (Harriman)”, p.107.
③FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.114.
④FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
①David Painter,“Oil and the Marshall Plan,” Business history Review58(Autumn,1984):360; See also Melvyn P. Leffler,“The United States and the Strategic Dimensions of the Marshall Plan,” Diplomatic History12(Summer1988):277-306.
③David S.Painter, Oil and the American Century, The Political Economy of U.S.Foreign Oil Policy,1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155
①[英]彼得·R·奥德尔：《石油与世界霸权：石油危机的背景》，厦门大学南洋研究所编译组等（译），北京：生活·读书·新知三联出版社，1978年，第105页。
②David S．Painter, Oil and the American Century，The Political Economy of U.S. Foreign Oil Policy，1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155．
③Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford:Oxford University Press,1990, pp.50-58.
④John G. Calrk, The Political Economy of World Energy——A Twentieth-century Perspective, Chapel Hill&London: TheUniversity of North Carolina Press,1991, p.102.
⑤Donald Calder,“Progress in British Conversion to Petroleum Fuel,” February14,1947, Records of Foreign Service Posts,RG84, file863.6, box1023.
⑥Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford:Oxford University Press,1990, p.60.
⑦David S．Painter, Oil and the American Century，The Political Economy of U．S．Foreign Oil Policy，1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155．
①U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80thCong.,1st sess., Report No.696.
②U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80thCong.,1st sess., Report No.696, p.6.
③U. S. Department of the Interior, National Resource and Foreign Aid, Report of J. A. Krug, Secretary of the Interior,October9,1947, p.97.
④United States President, Office of Government Reports, European Recovery and American Aid, Report by President’sCommittee on Foreign Aid, November7,1947, pp.286.
⑤U. S. Congress, House of Representatives, Select Committee on Foreign Aid, Petroleum Requirements and Availabilities,
①U.S. Senate Select Committee on Small Business,“ECA and MSA Relations with International Oil Companies ConcerningPetroleum Prices”,82ndCogress,2ndsession,1952.
②Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World, London&Canberra: Croom Helm Ltd.,1983, p.95．
③William Engdahl, A Century of War——Anglo-American Oil Politics and the New World Order, London: Pluto Press,2004,p.89.
④James Vincent Forrestal, The Forrestal Diaries: The History of the Cold War, London: Cassell and Co.,1952, p.342.
⑤刘绪贻、杨生茂主编：《战后美国史（1945—1986）》，北京：人民出版社，1989年版，第29页。
⑥Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crisis and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.47.
①Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——energy crises and western politics since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.60.
②Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World, New York: St. Martin's Press,1983, p.144．
④[美]罗斯福（Franklin D.Roosvelt）：《罗斯福选集》，关在汉（编译），北京：商务印书馆，1982年，第16页。
①新墨西哥大学泛美事务学院研究报告：《第二次世界大战后拉丁美洲的政治发展》（中译本），北京：世界知识出版社，1961年，第50-52页。
③Romulo Betancourt, Venezuela’s Oil, London: George Allen&Unwin (Publishers) Ltd.,1978, p.16.
④Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World Oil, London&Canberra: Croom Helm Ltd.,1983, p.34.
⑤[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第3页。
⑥[意]莱昂纳尔多毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：格致出版社&上海人民出版社，2007年，第30页。
①John A. DeNovo,“The Movement for an Aggressive American Oil Policy Abroad,1918-1920”, The American HistoricalReview, Vol.61, No.4.(July,1956).
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②Walter J. Levy, Oil strategy and Politics,1941-1981, Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press,1982, p.86.
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①[美]阿瑟·林克、威廉·卡欧：《一九OO年以来的美国史（中册）》（中译本），北京：中国社会科学出版社，1983年，第135页。
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②Gen. Lucius, D. Clay, Special Assistant to the Director, Office of Defense Mobilization.
④Geroge T. Ballou, Director, Foreign Refining Division, Petroleum Administration for Defense.
①FRUS1951, volume I: National security affairs; foreign economic policy,“Memorandum by Mr. Nester C. Ortiz,Petroleum Policy Staff, to the Acting Chief of the Petroleum Policy Staff (Moline)”, pp.968-970.
②FRUS1954-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Deputy Director ofthe Office of International Materials Policy (Armstrong) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs(Linder)”, pp.1309-1313.
③牧川：《拉美历史之鉴：私有化与国有化之争的实质是国家主权之争》，《环球财经》，2011年第6期。
②DDRS，Document Number: CK3100207503，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter IV: Joint ControlThrough Common Ownership in the Iraq Petroleum Company, Ltd., p.79.
①Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Andreano, Arnold R. Daum, Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, The Ageof Energy1899-1959, Northwestern University Press,1959, p.516.
②D. J. Payton-Smith, Oil, A study of Wartime Policy and Administration, HerMajesty’s Stationary Office, London,1971,p.11.
③Michael Tanzer, The Energy Crisis: World Struggle for Power and Wealth, New York: Monthly Review Press,1974,pp.43-48.
④张士杰、赵慧杰：《美国中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1993年，第147页。
⑤Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, New York: Simon&Schuster,1991, p.452.
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②Mostafa Elm, Oil, Power, and Principle: Iran’s Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath, Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse UniversityPress,1992, p.179.
①FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign economic policy,“Note by the Executive Secretary to theNational Security Council on A National Petroleum Program”, pp.489-492.
②FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign economic policy,“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Acting Secretary of State (Webb)”, pp.971-974.
③Stephen J. Randall, United States Foreign Oil Policy Since World War I: For Profits and Security, Montreal&Kingston-London-Ithaca: McGill-Queen’s University Press,2005, P.254.
①Edward W. Chester, United States oil policy and diplomacy: a twentieth century overview, Westport, Conn.&London,England: Greenwood Press,1983, pp.97-98.
②Shoshana Klebanoff, Middle East Oil and U.S. Foreign Policy: With Special Reference to the U.S. Energy Crisis, NewYork: Praeger Publishers,1974, p.88.
①共三卷十章，见DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207408、CK3100207437、CK3100207477、CK3100207503、CK3100207735、CK3100207797、CK3100207852、CK3100207930、CK3100208112、CK3100208283。
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Secretary of State”, p.1259.
③FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The Secretary of State to the Chairman ofthe Federal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1262.
④FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Secretary of State”, p.1260.
⑤FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The Secretary of State to the Chairman ofthe Federal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1262.
①FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum of Discussion at the116thMeeting of the National Security Council on Wednesday, April30,1952”, pp.1263-1264.
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2), pp.1266-1271.
③FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The President to the Chairman of theFederal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1276.
④FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2), pp.1277-1281.
①FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“National Security Problems ConcerningFree World Petroleum Demands and Potentials Ssupples”, pp.1318-1329.
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Summary of NSC138”, pp.1291-1293.
③FRUS1952-1954: volume I. General: economic and political matters (part1),“Outline for Secretary’s Use in BriefingGeneral Eisenhower: The Iran Problem”, pp.7-8.
①彭树智：《二十世纪中东史》，北京：高等教育出版社，2001年，第175-176。
①FRUS,1952-1954, vol. X: Iran, The Ambassador in the United Kingdom (Gifford) to the Department of State, p.572.
②FRUS,1952-1954, vol. X: Iran, The Secretary of State to the Embassy in Iran, p.42.
③Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great Power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, pp.19-20.
④FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters, Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs（Linder） to the Acting Secretary of State, p.1289.
⑤Gasiorowsky and Byrne, eds., Mohammad Mosaddeq and the1953Coup in Iran, p.225．
①Kermit Roosevelt, The Struggle for the Control of Iran, New York: McGraw-Hill,1981, p.117.
②“Discussion at the132nd Meeting of the NSC on February18，1953”，Ann Whitman File，Eisenhower Papers，EisenhowerLibrary．
③Gasiorowsky and Byrne, eds., Mohammad Mosaddeq and the1953Coup in Iran, p.225．
④FRUS,1952-54, Vol. X: Iran, Telegram: The Secretary of State to the Embassy in Iran, p.691.
⑤Briefing Paper for the President,April8,1953,888.2553/4—853,National Archive,RG59，
⑥John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, New York: Oxford University Press,1982, chs.5.
⑦Kermit Roosevelt, Countercoup:The Struggle for the Control of Iran, New York: McGraw-Hill,1981, p.117.
②Benjamin Shwadran, Middle East Oil Crisis Since1973, Boulder&London: Westview Press,1986, p.14.
③U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on Multinational Corporations, The International PetroleumCartel: The Iranian Consortium and U.S. National Security, p.58.
④FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters,“Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Linder) to the Acting Secretary of State”, p.1289.
①Joe Stock, Middle East Oil and the Energy Crisis, New York: Monthly Review Press,1975, p.55.
②David Painter, Oil and the American Century: The Political Economy of US Foreign Policy,1941-1954, Baltimore,Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.195.
③Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, p25.
④Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, pp.25-26.
①国际关系研究所编：《中东问题文件汇编》，北京：世界知识出版社，1958年，第369页。
②FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters, Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Linder) to the Acting Secretary of State, p.1293.
1． FRUS1920, Great Britain.
2． FRUS1921, Netherlands.
3． FRUS1941, volume IV: The Far East.
4． FRUS1941, volume VI: The American Republics.
5． FRUS1942, volume VI: The American Republics.
6． FRUS1943, volume I: National security affairs; foreign economic policy
7． FRUS1943, volume IV: The Near East and Africa.
8． FRUS1943, volume VI: The American Republics.
9． FURS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth and Europe
10．FRUS1944, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East
11．FRUS1944, volume VII: The American Republics
12．FRUS1945, volume VI: The British Commonwealth, the Far East
13．FRUS1945, volume VIII: The Near East and Africa
14．FRUS1945, volume IX: The American Republics.
15．FRUS1946, volume I: General; the United Nations.
16．FRUS1946, volume XI: The American Republics.
17．FURS1947, volume IV: Eastern Europe; The Soviet Union.
18．FRUS1947, volume V: The Near East and Africa.
19．FRUS1948, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa: part1.
20．FRUS1948, volume IX: The Western Hemisphere.
21．FRUS1949, volume II: The United Nations; The Western Hemisphere.
22．FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign Economic Policy.
23．FRUS1950, volume II: The United Nations; The Western Hemisphere.
24．FRUS1950, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa.
25．FRUS1951, volume V: The Near East and Africa.
26．FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters.
27．FRUS1952-1954, volume V: Western European Security.
28．FRUS1952-1954, volume VIII: Eastern Europe; Soviet Union; EasternMediterranean
29．FRUS1952-1954, volume IX: The Near and Middle East.
30．FRUS1952-1954, volume X：Iran1952-1954.
1. Document Number: CK3100147668. Discussion at the392nd meeting of the NationalSecurity Council held on12/23/58. Issue Date: Dec23,1958.
2. Document Number: CK3100208637. Issues discussed at12/23/58NSC meeting. IssueDate: Dec23,1958.
3. Document Number: CK3100278422. Minutes of12/23/58NSC meeting. Issue Date: Dec23,1958.
4. Document Number: CK3100278408. NSC meeting of12/23/58summarized. Issue Date:Dec23,1958.
5. Document Number: CK3100122083. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Special Assistant tothe President Dillon Anderson concerning the unauthorized disclosure of classifiedNational Security Council information relating to a national petroleum program, whichappeared in "Petty's Oil Letter of5/21/55. Letter. Federal Bureau of Investigation.. IssueDate: Sep23,1955.。
6. Document Number: CK3100122073. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Dillon Andersonconcerning the unauthorized disclosure of classified information related to a nationalpetroleum program. Report by Special Agent Carl. E. Graham is enclosed. Letter. FederalBureau of Investigation. Issue Date: Sep6,1955.
7. Document Number: CK3100504591. Letter to Dillon Anderson from Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI) director J. Edgar Hoover concerning the unauthorized disclosure ofclassified National Security Council (NSC) information relating to a national petroleumprogram. Letter. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Issue Date: Jul18,1955.
8. Document Number: CK3100226894. Summary of5/19/55NSC meeting. Issue Date:May19,1955.
9. Document Number: CK3100226885. Agenda for5/19/55NSC meeting. DateDeclassified: Apr04,1986.
10. Document Number: CK3100192032. Progress report on the national petroleum program.Issue Date: May9,1955.
11. Document Number: CK3100196885. Discussion of trade-in-and-build program resultingin the construction in the U.S. of20new tankers having a sustained speed capabilitywhen loaded of from16to20knots, range to be governed by economic considerations.Issue Date: Sep29,1954.
12. Document Number: CK3100190312. JCS recommends increasing the speed of tankerssailing independently from16to20knots. Issue Date: Aug19,1954.
13. Document Number: CK3100214299. Discussion at6/9/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jun
14. Document Number: CK3100217563. Record of actions at the6/9/54NSC meeting. IssueDate: Jun9,1954.
15. Document Number: CK3100217555. Agenda for6/9/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jun4,1954.
16. Document Number: CK3100006741. NSC progress report on a national petroleumprogram. Issue Date: May27,1954.
17. Document Number: CK3100125868. Discussion at the180th meeting of the NSC on1/14/54. Issue Date: Jan15,1954.
18. Document Number: CK3100006731. Implementation of a national petroleum program.Issue Date: Jan8,1954.
19. Document Number: CK3100391347.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4.Issue Date: Nov16,1953.
20. Document Number: CK3100199101. Discussion at11/12/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:Nov13,1953.
21. Document Number: CK3100203372. Minutes at11/12/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Nov12,1953.
22. Document Number: CK3100006723. Amendments to NSC97/5recommended by theNSC Planning Board regarding a national petroleum program. Issue Date: Oct28,1953.
23. Document Number: CK3100006718. NSC progress report on NSC97/5implementationof a national petroleum program. Issue Date: Oct1,1953.
24. Document Number: CK3100308902. Discussion at7/23/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul24,1953.
25. Document Number: CK3100088439. Summary of7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul24,1953.
26. Document Number: CK3100199027. Summary of the7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:Jul24,1953.
27. Document Number: CK3100203281. Minutes of7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul23,1953.
28. Document Number: CK3100203272. Revised agenda for the7/23/53meeting. Issue Date:Jul21,1953.
29. Document Number: CK3100203360. Summary of7/14/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul14,1953.
30. Document Number: CK3100199100. Agenda for NSC meeting7/14/53. Issue Date: Jul9,1953.
31.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4. Issue Date: Jul7,1953.
32. Cover letter for report by civilian consultants on National Petroleum Program.Memorandum. Issue Date: Jun29,1953.
33. Civilian consultants present opinions on National Petroleum Program.Issue Date: Jun27,1953.
34. President approves National Petroleum Program to limit petroleum imports from theEastern Hemisphere. Memorandum. Issue Date: Jun2,1953.
35. Discussion at the146th meeting of the National Security Council held on5/27/53. IssueDate: May30,1953.
36. Minutes of5/27/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: May27,1953.
37.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/1. Issue Date: May20,1953.
38. Current Policies of the Government of the United States of America Relating to theNational Security： Volume II, Functional Policies: Part X, Mobilization-NationalPetroleum Program. Issue Date: Nov1,1952.
39. National Security Council, Status of Projects (national security programs, nationalpetroleum program, Japan policy, other subjects). Truman Library, Papers of Harry S.Truman, PSF. Report. Issue Date： Jul7,1952.
40. JCS views on the National Petroleum Program circulated for the information of the NSCfor consideration at the12/12/51NSC meeting. Issue Date: Dec12,1951.
41. Document Number: CK3100243389. JCS views on security of certain Middle East areastransmitted to NSC. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
42. Document Number: CK3100208902. Revisions to the National Petroleum Programrecommended by senior NSC staff. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
43. Document Number: CK3100243403. Truman approves NSC statement on a nationalpetroleum program. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
44. Document Number: CK3100276522. NSC Secretary James Lay sends Admiral Dennisonthe minutes and summary of the11/28/51NSC meeting. Issue Date: Nov29,1951.
45. Document Number: CK3100268142. NSC invites Commerce Secretary Charles Sawyerto the12/12/51NSC meeting to participate in Council action on NSC97/1"A NationalPetroleum Program.". Issue Date: Nov28,1951.
46. Document Number: CK3100261380. Truman invites the Secretary of the Interior, OscarL. Chapman to the12/12/51NSC meeting to participate in council action on "A NationalPetroleum Program"(NSC97/1). Issue Date: Nov28,1951.
47. Document Number: CK3100391229.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/1.Issue Date: Nov27,1951.
48. Document Number: CK3100309905. Actions taken at NSC Senior staff meeting11/20/51.Issue Date: Nov21,1951.
49. Document Number: CK3100373215. National Security Council, Status of Projects(courses of action in Korea, programs for national security, petroleum program, transferof point IV program, other subjects). Issue Date: Oct1,1951.
50. Document Number: CK3100373167. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep3,1951.
51. Document Number: CK3100243399. National petroleum program discussed. Issue Date:Dec29,1950.
52. Document Number: CK3100391362.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4.Issue Date: Sep14,1950.
53. Document Number: CK3100203354. Actions taken at5/27/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:May27,1953.
54. Document Number: CK3100198830. NSC agenda5/27/53. Issue Date: May25,1953.
55. Document Number: CK3100377684. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec22,1952.
56. Document Number: CK3100377668. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec8,1952.
57. Document Number: CK3100377652. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec1,1952.
58. Document Number: CK3100377637. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Nov3,1952.
59. Document Number: CK3100377594. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Oct6,1952.
60. Document Number: CK3100377580. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep29,1952.
61. Document Number: CK3100377566. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep15,1952.
62. Document Number: CK3100377524. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Aug18,1952.
63. Document Number: CK3100496511. Discussion at the140th National Security Council(NSC) meeting held on4/22/53. Issue Date: Apr23,1953.
64. Document Number: CK3100195856. Summary of4/8/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Apr16,1953.
65. Document Number: CK3100238387. President Truman approves (NSC138/1)“NationalSecurity Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”.Issue Date: Jan9,1953.
66. Document Number: CK3100217163. Summary of128th NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jan9,1953.
67. Document Number: CK3100238385. Attorney General and the Secretary of the Interiorare invited to attend1/9/53NSC meeting to consider the report “National SecurityProblems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. IssueDate: Jan6,1953.
68. Document Number: CK3100383100.[Oil] National Security Problems concerning FreeWorld Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies. Issue Date: Jan6,1953.
69. Document Number: CK3100238383. NSC requests Dept. of Justice to furnish a report tothe NSC on the domestic and legal aspects of “National Security Problems ConcerningFree World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec18,1952.
70. Document Number: CK3100238384. Revisions to “National Security ProblemsConcerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec18,1952.
71. Document Number: CK3100217155. Summary of127th meeting of the NSC. Issue Date:Dec17,1952.
72. Document Number: CK3100238382. Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer invited toattend12/17/52NSC meeting to participate in Council discussion on “National SecurityProblems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. IssueDate: Dec12,1952.
73. Document Number: CK3100238381. Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer receivesmemo on “National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands andPotential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec8,1952.
74. Document Number: CK3100383053. Oil] National Security Problems concerning FreeWorld Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies. Issue Date: Dec8,1952.
75. Document Number: CK3100192066. National security problems concerning free worldpetroleum demands and potential supplies.
76. Document Number: CK3100353938. Outline of Basic United States Security ResourcesAssumptions,1948through1952, and1953through1965. Issue Date: Oct13,1948.
77. Document Number: CK3100243390. Truman approves NSC statement of policy on U.S.objectives and policies with regard to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr28,
1952.
78. Document Number: CK3100324629. Discussion at4/24/52NSC meeting. Issue Date:Apr24,1952.
79. Document Number: CK3100199908. Memo for Truman of discussion at115th NSCmeeting. Date： Apr24,1952.
80. Document Number: CK3100238375. Revisions to NSC draft statement of policy on U.S.objectives and policies with respect to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr22,1952.
81. Document Number: CK3100451724. Senior NSC staff revisions to policy statement onU.S. objectives in the Near East. Issue Date: Apr22,1952.
82. Document Number: CK3100238374. JCS views on U.S. objectives and politics withrespect to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr16,1952.
83. Document Number: CK3100451704. NSC staff study of U.S. objectives and policies withrespect to the Arab states and Israel. Issue Date: Apr7,1952.
84. Document Number: CK3100218550. Statement of policy on U.S. objectives and policieswith respect to the area of the Arab States and Israel during the period of the Cold War.Issue Date: Mar26,1952.
85. Document Number: CK3100223292. U.S. objectives and policies with respect to the areaof the Arab States and Israel during the period of the cold war. Issue Date: Mar20,1952.
86. Document Number: CK3100185150. DOD and the Office of Civil and DefenseMobilization recommend that the Military Petroleum Advisory Board resume operations;origin and purpose of board. Issue Date: May19,1959.
87. Document Number: CK3100207408，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part1,Chapter I: The World's Petroleum Resources. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
88. Document Number: CK3100207437，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part1,Chapter II： Concentration of Control of the World Petroleum Industry. Date Declassified:Mar12,1985.
89. Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2,Chapter III: Development of Joint Control Over Middle East Oil. Miscellaneous.DateDeclassified: Mar14,1985.
90. Document Number: CK3100207503，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2,Chapter IV: Joint Control Through Common Ownership in the Iraq Petroleum Company,Ltd. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
91. Document Number: CK3100207735，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter V: Other Common Ownerships in the Middle East (Arabian American OilCompany, Kuwait Oil Company etc.). Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
92. Document Number: CK3100207797，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter VI: Joint Control Through Purchase and Sale of Oil in the Middle East-Bigseven oil companies buy and sell among themselves large quantities of both crude andrefined products. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
93. Document Number: CK3100207852，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter VII: Joint Control Through Purchase and Sale of Oil in Venezuela-The use ofcrude oil supply contracts to control the production of oil effectively binds together theoil interests. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
94. Document Number: CK3100207930，International Petroleum Cartel，Volume II, Part III,Chapter VIII: Production and Marketing Agreements Among International Oil Companies-Agreements regarding international production and marketing. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
95. Document Number: CK3100208112，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume II, Part III,Chapter IX: Case Studies in the Application of Marketing Agreements in Selected Areas-Subsidiaries of the international oil companies create and maintain local marketing cartels.Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
96. Document Number: CK3100208283，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume II, Part III,Chapter X: Price Determination in the International Petroleum Industry-System ofpricing which has the effect of eliminating price differences to any buyer at any givendestination point. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.available at http://nsarchive.chadwyck.com.
1. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, December28,1950,6pp. Presidential Directives, PD00234
2. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, November27,1951,31pp. Presidential Directives, PD00235
3. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, December13,1951,31pp. Presidential Directives, PD00236
4. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, May20,1953,41pp.Presidential Directives, PD00237
5. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, July7,1953,46pp.Presidential Directives, PD00238
6. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, July30,1953,14pp.Presidential Directives, PD00239
7. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, November16,1953,15pp. Presidential Directives, PD00240
8. The Iranian Economy：Near Term Objectives and Outlook Secret, Report, April17,1975,14pp. Iran Revolution, IR00948
9. National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and PotentialSupplies, National Security Council Report, December8,1952,47pp. PresidentialDirectives, PD00309
10. National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and PotentialSupplies, National Security Council Report, January6,1953,25pp. PresidentialDirectives, PD00310
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29. Frank R. Wyant, The United States, OPEC, and Multinational Oil, Otowa TN. J: Barnes&Noble,1986.
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31. Gerald D. Nash, United States Oil Policy,1890-1964: Business and Government in theTwentieth-Century America, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press,1968.
32. Gregory F. Treverton, ed., Energy and Security, Farnborough, Hampshire, England&Montclair, N.J.: Published for the International Institute for Strategic Studies by Gowerand Allanheld, Osmun,1980.
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36. Hoslein Amiradeghi, The Security of The Persian Gulf, New York: St. Martin’s Press,1981.
37. Howard Bucknell, Energy and The National Defense, Lexington: University Press ofKentucky,1981.
38. Ian Rutledge, Addicted to Oil: America's relentless drive for energy security, New York:I.B. Tauris&Co. Ltd.,2005.
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41. Jeremy Russell, Energy As A Factor In Soviet Foreign Policy, Farnborough, Hants.:Saxon House for the Royal Institute of International Affairs; Lexington, Mass.:Lexington Books,1976.
42. Joe Stock, Middle East Oil and the Energy Crisis, New York: Monthly Review Press,1975.
43. John Blair, The Control of Oil, New York: Pantheon Books,1976.
44. John G. Clark, The Political Economy of World Energy: A Twentieth-Century Perspective,Chapel Hill&London: The University of North Carolina Press,1991.
45. John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, New York: Oxford University Press,1982.
46. John M. Blair, The Control of Oil, New York: Pantheon Books,1978.
47. Joseph A. Pratt&William H. Becker&William M. McClenahan, Jr., Voice of theMarketplace: A History of the National Petroleum Council, College Station, Texas: TexasA&M University Press,2002.
48. Joseph S. Szyliowicz&Bard E. O’Neil, eds., The Energy Crisis and U.S. Foreign Policy,New York: Praeger Publishers,1975
49. Joseph A. Yager&Eleanor B.Steinberg, Energy and U.S. Foreign Policy, Cambridge,Mass.: Ballinger,1974.
50. Leila Meo, ed., U.S. Strategy in the Gulf: Intervention Against Liberation, Belmont,Mass.: Association of Arab-American University Graduates,1981.
51. Leonardo Maugeri, The Age of Oil: the Mythology, History, and Future of the World'sMost Controversial Resource, Westport, Conn.&London: Praeger Publishers,2006.
52. Kermit Roosevelt, Countercoup: The Struggle for the Control of Iran, New York:McGraw-Hill,1981.
53. Mark J. Gasiorowski, U.S. Foreign Policy and the Shah: Building a Client State in Iran,Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press,1991.
54. Martin Chick, Electricity and Energy Policy in Britain, France and the United Statessince1945, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limitid,2007.
55. Melvin A. Conant, the Oil Factor in U.S. Foreign Policy,1980-1990, Lexington, Mass.:Lexington Books,1982.
56. Melvin A. Conant&Fern Racine Gold, The Geopolitics of Energy, Boulder, Colorado:Westview Press,1978.
57. Michael A. Palmer, Guardians of the Gulf: A History of America’s Expanding Roles in thePersian Gulf,1983-1992, New York: Free Press,1992.
58. Michael B. Stoff, Oil, War, and American Security: the Search for a National Policy onForeign Oil,1941-1947, New Haven&London: Yale University Press,1980.
59. Michael T. Klare, Blood and Oil: The Dangers and Consequences of America’s GrowingPetroleum Dependency, New York: Metropolitan Books Henry Holt and Company,2004.
60. Michael Tanzer, The Energy Crisis: World Struggle for Power and Wealth, New York:Monthly Review Press,1974.
61. Mostafa Elm, Oil, Power, and Principle: Iran’s Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath,Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press,1992.
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1.[英] A·C·庇古：《战时经济学》，徐宗士（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
2.[法]阿尔弗雷德·格罗塞：《战后欧美关系》，刘其中、唐雪葆等（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1986年。
3.[德]埃里克·鲁登道夫：《总体战》，张君劢（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
4.[法]埃里克·洛朗：《石油内幕》，贺李、郑斐（译），上海：学林出版社，2010年。
5.[美]安迪·斯特恩：《石油阴谋》，石晓燕（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年。
6.[美]安东尼娅·朱哈斯：《石油黑幕》，李晓春（译），北京：中国人民大学出版社，2009年。
7.[美]保罗·罗伯茨：《石油恐慌》，吴文忠（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年。
8.[英]贝里·里奇：《石油王国：BP公司的奋斗与创新》，徐光东、王榕（译），北京：华夏出版社，2000年。
9.[美]彼得·柯利尔：《洛克菲勒王朝》，劳景素（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1982年。
10.[英]彼得·R·奥德尔：《石油与世界霸权：石油危机的背景》，厦门大学南洋研究所编译组等（译），北京：生活·读书·新知三联出版社，1978年。
11.[加]彼得·特扎基安：《每秒千桶——即将到来的能源转折点：挑战与对策》，李芳龄（译），北京：中国财政经济出版社，2009年。
12.[苏]勃·弗·拉奇科夫：《石油与世界政治》，上海师范大学外语系俄语组&上海《国际问题资料》编辑组（译），上海：上海人民出版社，1977年。
13.[美]戴维·A·迪斯斯、约瑟夫·S·奈：《能源与安全》，李淼等（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1984年。
14.[美]戴维·桑德罗：《打破石油诅咒》，传神翻译公司（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年。
15.[美]丹尼尔·耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（上、下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年。
16.[法]菲利普·赛比耶-洛佩兹：《石油地缘政治》，潘革平（译），北京：社会科学文献出版社，2008年。
17.[美]哈诺德·J·克莱姆：《经济动员准备》，库桂生、张炳顺（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
18.[美]哈维·奥康诺：《石油帝国》，郭外合（译），北京：世界知识出版社，1958年。
19.[荷]樊缪斯：《现代石油经济——石油工业的历史》，施鸿熙、卢爱珠等（译），北京：石油工业出版社，1985年。
20.[意]莱昂纳尔多·毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：格致出版社&上海人民出版社，2007年。
21.[美]罗伯特·基欧汉：《霸权之后——世界政治经济中的合作与纷争》，苏长和、信强、何曜（译），上海：上海人民出版社，2006年。
22.[美]迈克尔·伊科诺米迪斯、罗纳德·奥里戈尼：《石油的颜色：世界最庞大产业的历史、金钱和政治》，苏晓宇、彭静宁（译），北京：华夏出版社，2010年。
23.[美]迈克尔·T·克莱尔：《资源战争——全球冲突的新场景》，童新耕、之也（译），上海：上海译文出版社，2002年。
24.[美]迈克尔·T·克莱尔：《石油政治学》，孙芳（译），海口：海南出版社，2009年。
25.[美]迈克尔·伊科诺米迪斯、唐纳·马里·达里奥：《石油的优势——俄罗斯的石油政治之路》，徐洪峰、李洁宇（译），北京：华夏出版社，2009年。
26.[美]美国国家能源政策组报告：《美国国家能源政策》，国土资源部信息中心（译），北京：大地出版社，2001年。
27.[日]那须圣：《世界资源之战》，齐力（译），北京：新华出版社，1980年。
28.[美]J·斯帕尼尔：《第二次世界大战后的美国的外交政策》，段若石（译）,北京：商务印书馆，1992年。
29.[比]让-雅克·贝雷比：《世界战略中的石油》，时波、周希敏、贺诗云（译），北京：新华出版社，1980年。
30.[美]史蒂文·M·戈雷利克：《富油？贫油？——解密油价背后的真相》，兰晓荣、刘毅、吴文洁（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
31.[美]史蒂文·佩尔蒂埃：《美国的石油战争》，陈葵、杨卫东（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
32.[俄]斯·日兹宁：《国际能源政治与外交》，强晓云、史亚军、成键等（译），上海：华东师范大学出版社，2005年。
33.〔美〕托伊·法罗拉、安妮·杰诺娃：《国际石油政治》，王大锐、王翥（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
34.[美]威廉·F·恩道尔：《石油战争：石油政治决定世界新秩序》，赵刚等（译），北京：知识产权出版社，2008年。
35.[美]威廉·F·恩道尔：《石油大棋局：下一个目标中国》，戴健、李峰、顾秀林（译），北京：中国民主法制出版社，2011年。
36.[美]维托·斯泰格利埃诺：《美国能源政策：历史、过程与博弈》，郑世高、刘晓青、孙旭东（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
37.[美]约瑟夫·P·托梅因、理查德·D·卡达希：《美国能源法》，万少廷（译），北京：法律出版社，2007年。
38.[美]兹比格纽·布热津斯基：《大棋局——美国的首要地位及其地缘战略》，中国国际问题研究所（译），上海：上海人民出版社，2007年。
1.安维华、钱雪梅主编：《海湾石油新论》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2000年。
2.陈建编著：《当代中东》，北京：北京大学出版社，2002年。
3.崔丕：《美国的冷战战略与巴黎统筹委员会、中国委员会（1945-1994）》，长春：东北师范大学出版社，2000年。
4.范鸿达：《美国与伊朗：曾经的亲密》，北京：社会科学出版社，2006年。
5.冯跃威：《石油博弈》，北京：企业管理出版社，2003年。
6.韩立华：《能源博弈大战：影响人类未来命运的最大挑战》，北京：新世界出版社，2008年。
7.韩亮仙：《中国经济动员论》，北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
8.何庄、张浚：《慈善的石油“恶魔”——洛克菲勒家族》，北京：社会科学出版社，1998年。
9.胡国松、任皓编著：《石油金权：国际石油贸易真相考证》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
10.黄河：《跨国公司与当代国际关系》，上海：上海人民出版社，2008年。
11.姜春良：《战争的焦点》，北京：中国发展出版社，2007年。
12.江红：《为石油而战——美国石油霸权的历史透视》，北京：东方出版社，2002年。
13.李春放：《伊朗石油危机与冷战起源（1941-1947年）》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2001年。
14.李涛：《帝国反恐》，北京：中国友谊出版公司，2007年。
15.李伟建等：《以色列与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
16.刘竞、张士智、朱莉：《苏联中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1987年。
17.兰岚：《美国在中东——艾森豪威尔主义研究》，南京：南京大学出版社，2010年。
18.梅孜编译：《美国国家安全战略报告汇编》，北京：时事出版社，1995年。
19.彭树智编：《二十世纪中东史》，北京：高等教育出版社，1992年。
20.齐高岱编译：《中东局势与能源危机——OPEC三十年的发展和政策》，北京：经济管理出版社，1991年。
21.秦扬、何沙编著：《疯狂的石油：石油风暴下的世界政治经济镜像》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
22.任民：《国防动员学》，北京：军事科学出版社，2008年。
23.施鸿熙编著：《国际石油经济》，北京：石油工业出版社，1992年。
24.舒先林：《美国中东石油战略研究》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
25.舒源：《国际关系中的石油问题》，昆明：云南人民出版社，2009年。
26.唐风编著：《新能源战争》，北京：中国商业出版社，2008年。
27.唐昀：《大搏杀——世纪石油之争》，北京：世界知识出版社，2004年。
28.王彬、许俊霞等：《殷红不是血：石油与战争》，北京：解放军出版社，2001年。
29.王波：《美国石油政策研究》，北京：世界知识出版社，2008年。
30.王才良、周珊编著：《石油巨头：跨国石油公司兴衰之路》，北京：石油工业出版社，2011年。
31.王丰、刘洪义、李建华：《石油资源战》，北京：中国物资出版社，2003年。
32.吴磊：《中国石油安全》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，2006年。
33.肖宪、伍庆玲、吴磊等：《土耳其与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
34.徐世澄主编：《美国和拉丁美洲关系史》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2007年。
35.杨冬燕：《苏伊士运河危机与英美关系》，南京：南京大学出版社，2003年。
36.杨兴礼、翼开运、陈俊华：《伊朗与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
37.张士智、赵慧杰：《美国中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1993年。
38.张志前、涂俊编著：《国际油价谁主沉浮》，北京：中国经济出版社，2009年。
39.赵伟明：《中东问题与美国中东政策》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
40.赵庆寺：《美国石油安全体系与外交（1941-1981）》，上海：上海人民出版社，2009年。
1.范鸿达：《巴列维国王时期的美国伊朗关系研究（1941-1979）》，首都师范大学，2004年博士论文。
2.孙溯源：《国际石油公司在世界石油体系中的影响和作用》，复旦大学，2008年博士论文
3.王波：《美国石油政策研究》，外交学院，2006年博士论文。
4.王春生：《美国石油安全战略研究》，军事科学院，2001年博士论文。
5.杨中强：《中东石油与21世纪的中国石油安全》，华东师范大学，2003年博士论文。
6.张世轶：《冲突与和解：美国对阿根廷的政策（1943-1955）》，南开大学，2009年博士论文。
7.赵庆寺：《20世纪70年代石油危机与美国石油安全体系：结构、进程与变革》，复旦大学，2003年博士论文。
8.赵川：《战略石油储备研究》，中国人民大学，2003年博士论文。
9.柏来喜：《石油与战后西欧》，华中师范大学，2008年博士论文。
10.常忠伟：《1900-1954年英国在伊朗的石油霸权及其影响》，河南大学，2005年硕士论文。
11.崔光秀：《论石油资源驱动下的沙特阿拉伯经济现代化（1932-1990）》，华东师范大学，2006年硕士论文。
12.韩清友：《论英美对中东石油霸权的争夺》，广西师范大学，2007年硕士论文。
13.刘晓林：《美苏石油战略对苏联解体的影响——兼对中国石油战略的思考》，西北工业大学，2004年硕士论文。
14.董延凌：《美国在中东的石油战略评析》，青岛大学，2007年硕士论文。
15.李丽华：《美国未建立国际石油机制原因探析（1945-1974）》，外交学院，2009年硕士论文。
16.蔺焕萍：《冷战后的美国伊朗关系》，西南师范大学，2004年硕士论文。
17.沙芳洲：《1938至1941年美国政府对墨西哥石油国有化改革的政策研究》，首都师范大学，2011年硕士论文。
18.邵志刚：《美国石油政策的演变与战略石油储备政策的形成初探》，苏州大学，2008年硕士论文。
19.万云霞：《美国政府石油政策的研究（1941-1945）》，华中师范大学，2011年硕士论文。
20.王崇：《美国世界石油霸权之路》，北京外国语大学，2004年硕士论文。
21.王军：《石油争夺与美国20世纪上半叶中东政策》，湖北大学，2006年硕士论文。
22.吴卫：《国际石油政治中的权力博弈》，福建师范大学，2006年硕士论文。
23.严润成：《二十世纪五六十年代美国对中东石油安全政策研究》，云南师范大学，2005年硕士论文。
24.颜圣举：《论美国中东石油战略及其对中国的影响》，华中师范大学，2008年硕士论文。
1.陈德胜、雷家骕：《法、德、美、日四国的战略石油储备制度比较与中国借鉴》，《太平洋学报》2006年第2期。
2.范鸿达、蒋启国：《美国和伊朗石油国有化危机》，《洛阳师范学院学报》，2010年第1期。
3.方长明：《从伊朗石油危机看英美特殊关系》，《国际问题研究》，2009年第2期。
4.郭又新：《冷战初期美国国家石油安全战略探微》，《东南亚研究》，2002年第6期。
5.何金祥：《美国石油对外依存度的变化》，《国土资源情报》，2006年第5期。
6.何奇松：《冷战格局下的美国与伊朗特殊关系（1945-1978）》，《江西师范大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第1期。
7.李若晶：《美国战后石油外交政策史研究浅析（1945-1970）》，《历史教学》，2007年第5期。
8.李秀：《雅尔塔会议与美国石油》，《史学集刊》，1995年第3期。
9.刘波：《“七姊妹”及其石油霸权》，《河南大学学报》（社会科学版），1999年第2期。
10.马冰、张迎新：《美国海军石油储备法简介》，《国土资源情报》，2002年第1期。
11.马鸿：《洛克菲勒石油财团与美国对中东的外交政策——从艾森豪威尔政府到肯尼迪政府》，《哈尔滨学院学报》，2005年第11期。
12.姜英梅：《沙特王国外交政策及发展态势》，《国际政治研究》，2005年第2期。
13.奇松：《冷战格局下的美国与伊朗特殊关系（1945-1978）》，《江西师范大学学报》，2006年第2期。
14.邱建群：《试论第一次世界大战后美国的石油安全状况及对策》，《辽宁大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第4期。
15.沙芳洲：《墨西哥石油国有化改革前夕美国政府对美墨石油纷争的回应》，《首都师范大学学报》（社会科学版），2011年增刊。
16.石斌：《民族主义、伊朗石油危机与美国对伊朗的政策（1951-1954）》，《美国研究》，1996年第4期。
17.石斌：《1953年美英对伊朗的“准军事行动”及其相关问题——基于新史料的重新探讨》，《外交评论》，2012年第2期。
18.舒先林、李庆春：《石油安全概念与石油安全战略》，《长江大学学报》（社会科学版），2005年第4期。
19.舒先林、朱开元、常诚：《中美关系中的石油因素》，《中国石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2006年8月。
20.舒先林：《美国独霸中东石油的制约因素》，《阿拉伯世界研究》，2006年第1期。
21.王才良（编）：《世界石油工业百年风云》（一至九），《国际石油经济》，2000年1月—2001年3月。
22.王建红：《20世纪初美国石油产业反托拉斯及其市场结构的新转变》，《东南学术》，2011年第3期。
23.王新谦：《从战美国援欧附加条件看美国的制度霸权》，《世界经济与政治》，2007年第2期。
24.王有勇：《美国对阿拉伯能源战略的演变及其启示》，《阿拉伯世界研究》，2006年第5期。
25.卫建林：《能源与国际格局》，《观察与思考》，2008年第2期。
26.解晓燕：《“两次半”世界大战与美国的石油利益》，《国际石油经济》，2000年第6期。
27.解晓燕：《石油与二战中的日本》，《石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2000年第6期。
28.雪峰：《美国的战略石油储备体系》，《全球科技经济瞭望》，2004年第8期。
29.杨斌：《美国霸权战略与军工、石油垄断财团利益》，《开放导报》，2006年第2期。
30.于民：《美国的石油扩张之道》，《中国石油》，1999年6月刊。
31.张德明：《美国在亚洲的石油扩张（1860-1960）》，《世界历史》，2006年第4期。
32.张建新：《美国霸权与国际石油政治》，《上海交通大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第2期。
33.张士智、赵慧杰：《战后美国对中东的扩张（1945-1955）》，《西亚非洲》，1984年第1期。
34.张新安：《国外矿产资源储备历史及现状》，《国土资源情报》，2002年第1期。
35.赵庆寺：《试论美国对外石油政策的形成（1941-1954）》，《史林》，2010年第6期。
36.支晓兰：《德高里尔与二战后美国中东石油政策》，《西安石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2011年第6期。
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⑤肖宪、伍庆玲、吴磊等：《土耳其与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
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②D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.201.
①Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Andreano, Arnold R. Daum, Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, The Ageof Energy1899-1959, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press,1959, p.753.
②D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.200.
③D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.200.
④D. J. Payto-Smith, Oil, A study for War-Time Policy and Administration, London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1971,p.210.
⑤John W. Frey, H. Chandler Ide, A History of Petrileum Administration For War,1941-1945, United States GovernmentPrinting Office,1946, p.1.
⑥John W. Frey, H. Chandler Ide, A History of Petroleum Administration For War,1941-1945, Washington, D.C.:UnitedStates Government Printing Office,1946, p.1.
⑦Walter J. Levy, Oil Strategy and Politics,1941-1981, Boulder: Westview Presss,1982, p.48.
⑧Irvine H. Anderson, Armco, the United States, and Saudi Arabia: A Study of the Dynamics of Foreign Oil Policy1933-1950, Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press,1981, pp.36-37.
⑨Harold L. Ickes,“We're Running Out of Oil”, American Magazine (January,1944).
⑩Edward W. Chester, United States Oil Policy and Diplomacy——A Twentieth-Century Overview, Westport, Connecticut:Greenwood Press,1983, p.19.
②FRUS,1943, Vol. IV: The Near East and Africa,“The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the United Kingdom(Winant)”, p.939.
③[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第4页。
④Craufurd Goodwin, Energy Policy in Perspective, Washington: Brooking Institution,1981, p.77.
⑤Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics since1944, New York: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.62.
⑥Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance： Energy Crisis and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.62.
①FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, pp.29-30.
②FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, pp.27-33.
①Michael B. Stoff,“The Anglo-American Oil Agreement and the Wartime Search for Foreign Oil Policy”, The BusinessHistory Review, Vol.55, No.1(Spring,1981), p.69.
②FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, p.27, note32.
③FRUS,1944, Volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East,“Foreign Petroleum Policy of the UnitedStates”, p.30.
④[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第9页。
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Ambassador (Halifax) tothe Secretary of State”, p.94.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“the Secretary of State to The BritishAmbassador (Halifax)”, p.95.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Prime Minister (Churchill)to the President Roosevelt”, p.102.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.112-115.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.112-113.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.113-114.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, pp.114-115.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.115.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
④FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum ofUnderstanding With the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
⑤FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Memorandum by the Secretary ofState to President Roosevelt”, pp.126-127.
①[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第13页。
②FRUS,1945, volume VI: The British Commonwealth, the Far East,“Revised Anglo-American Petroleum Agreement,Signed at London, September24,1945”, p.244.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The British Prime Minister (Churchill)
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State toCertain Diplomatic Representatives in the American Republics”, pp.96-97.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State toCertain Diplomatic Representatives in the American Republics”, p.97.
③FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Memorandum of Conversation, bythe Petroleum Adviser (Rayner)”, p.100.
①Statistical Office of the United Nations, Statistical Yearbook,1949-1950, Second Issue, Tables43, New York: U.N.Publications,1950, pp.146-147.
②U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Controlling Movement andTransportation Abroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products, Report to Accompany H.R.4042, July21,1947,80th Cong,Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,1947.
③U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80th Cong.,1st sess., Report No.696, Washington, D.C.: GovernmentPrinting Office,1947.
④FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
⑤FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.113.
①FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Acting Secretary of State to theAmbassador in the United Kingdom(Winant)”, p.105.
②FRUS,1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“The Secretary of State to theAmbassador in the Soviet Union (Harriman)”, p.107.
③FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.114.
④FRUS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth Of Nations, United Kingdom,“Draft Memorandum of UnderstandingWith the United Kingdom on Petroleum”, p.112.
①David Painter,“Oil and the Marshall Plan,” Business history Review58(Autumn,1984):360; See also Melvyn P. Leffler,“The United States and the Strategic Dimensions of the Marshall Plan,” Diplomatic History12(Summer1988):277-306.
③David S.Painter, Oil and the American Century, The Political Economy of U.S.Foreign Oil Policy,1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155
①[英]彼得·R·奥德尔：《石油与世界霸权：石油危机的背景》，厦门大学南洋研究所编译组等（译），北京：生活·读书·新知三联出版社，1978年，第105页。
②David S．Painter, Oil and the American Century，The Political Economy of U.S. Foreign Oil Policy，1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155．
③Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford:Oxford University Press,1990, pp.50-58.
④John G. Calrk, The Political Economy of World Energy——A Twentieth-century Perspective, Chapel Hill&London: TheUniversity of North Carolina Press,1991, p.102.
⑤Donald Calder,“Progress in British Conversion to Petroleum Fuel,” February14,1947, Records of Foreign Service Posts,RG84, file863.6, box1023.
⑥Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crises and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford:Oxford University Press,1990, p.60.
⑦David S．Painter, Oil and the American Century，The Political Economy of U．S．Foreign Oil Policy，1941-1954，Baltimore,Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.155．
①U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80thCong.,1st sess., Report No.696.
②U. S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Controlling the Movement and TransportationAbroad of Gasoline and Petroleum Products,80thCong.,1st sess., Report No.696, p.6.
③U. S. Department of the Interior, National Resource and Foreign Aid, Report of J. A. Krug, Secretary of the Interior,October9,1947, p.97.
④United States President, Office of Government Reports, European Recovery and American Aid, Report by President’sCommittee on Foreign Aid, November7,1947, pp.286.
⑤U. S. Congress, House of Representatives, Select Committee on Foreign Aid, Petroleum Requirements and Availabilities,
①U.S. Senate Select Committee on Small Business,“ECA and MSA Relations with International Oil Companies ConcerningPetroleum Prices”,82ndCogress,2ndsession,1952.
②Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World, London&Canberra: Croom Helm Ltd.,1983, p.95．
③William Engdahl, A Century of War——Anglo-American Oil Politics and the New World Order, London: Pluto Press,2004,p.89.
④James Vincent Forrestal, The Forrestal Diaries: The History of the Cold War, London: Cassell and Co.,1952, p.342.
⑤刘绪贻、杨生茂主编：《战后美国史（1945—1986）》，北京：人民出版社，1989年版，第29页。
⑥Ethan B. Kapstein, The Insecure Alliance——Energy Crisis and Western Politics Since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.47.
①Ethan B. Kapsthin, The Insecure Alliance——energy crises and western politics since1944, New York&Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press,1990, p.60.
②Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World, New York: St. Martin's Press,1983, p.144．
④[美]罗斯福（Franklin D.Roosvelt）：《罗斯福选集》，关在汉（编译），北京：商务印书馆，1982年，第16页。
①新墨西哥大学泛美事务学院研究报告：《第二次世界大战后拉丁美洲的政治发展》（中译本），北京：世界知识出版社，1961年，第50-52页。
③Romulo Betancourt, Venezuela’s Oil, London: George Allen&Unwin (Publishers) Ltd.,1978, p.16.
④Ed Shaffer, The United States and the Control of World Oil, London&Canberra: Croom Helm Ltd.,1983, p.34.
⑤[美]丹尼尔耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年，第3页。
⑥[意]莱昂纳尔多毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：格致出版社&上海人民出版社，2007年，第30页。
①John A. DeNovo,“The Movement for an Aggressive American Oil Policy Abroad,1918-1920”, The American HistoricalReview, Vol.61, No.4.(July,1956).
①[意大利]莱昂纳尔多·毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：上海人民出版社，2008年版，第32页。
②Walter J. Levy, Oil strategy and Politics,1941-1981, Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press,1982, p.86.
①[美] E·B·伯恩斯：《简明拉丁美洲史》（中文版），长沙：湖南教育出版社，1989年，第250页。
②[美] E·B·伯恩斯：《简明拉丁美洲史》（中文版），长沙：湖南教育出版社，1989年，第259页。
①[美]阿瑟·林克、威廉·卡欧：《一九OO年以来的美国史（中册）》（中译本），北京：中国社会科学出版社，1983年，第135页。
①《国际条约集（1934-1944）》，北京：世界知识出版社，1961年，第216页。
②《国际条约集（1934-1944）》，北京：世界知识出版社，1961年，第271页。
②Gen. Lucius, D. Clay, Special Assistant to the Director, Office of Defense Mobilization.
④Geroge T. Ballou, Director, Foreign Refining Division, Petroleum Administration for Defense.
①FRUS1951, volume I: National security affairs; foreign economic policy,“Memorandum by Mr. Nester C. Ortiz,Petroleum Policy Staff, to the Acting Chief of the Petroleum Policy Staff (Moline)”, pp.968-970.
②FRUS1954-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Deputy Director ofthe Office of International Materials Policy (Armstrong) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs(Linder)”, pp.1309-1313.
③牧川：《拉美历史之鉴：私有化与国有化之争的实质是国家主权之争》，《环球财经》，2011年第6期。
②DDRS，Document Number: CK3100207503，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2, Chapter IV: Joint ControlThrough Common Ownership in the Iraq Petroleum Company, Ltd., p.79.
①Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Andreano, Arnold R. Daum, Gilbert C. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, The Ageof Energy1899-1959, Northwestern University Press,1959, p.516.
②D. J. Payton-Smith, Oil, A study of Wartime Policy and Administration, HerMajesty’s Stationary Office, London,1971,p.11.
③Michael Tanzer, The Energy Crisis: World Struggle for Power and Wealth, New York: Monthly Review Press,1974,pp.43-48.
④张士杰、赵慧杰：《美国中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1993年，第147页。
⑤Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, New York: Simon&Schuster,1991, p.452.
①Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, New York: Simon&Schuster,1991, p.453.
②Mostafa Elm, Oil, Power, and Principle: Iran’s Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath, Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse UniversityPress,1992, p.179.
①FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign economic policy,“Note by the Executive Secretary to theNational Security Council on A National Petroleum Program”, pp.489-492.
②FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign economic policy,“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Acting Secretary of State (Webb)”, pp.971-974.
③Stephen J. Randall, United States Foreign Oil Policy Since World War I: For Profits and Security, Montreal&Kingston-London-Ithaca: McGill-Queen’s University Press,2005, P.254.
①Edward W. Chester, United States oil policy and diplomacy: a twentieth century overview, Westport, Conn.&London,England: Greenwood Press,1983, pp.97-98.
②Shoshana Klebanoff, Middle East Oil and U.S. Foreign Policy: With Special Reference to the U.S. Energy Crisis, NewYork: Praeger Publishers,1974, p.88.
①共三卷十章，见DDRS, Document Number: CK3100207408、CK3100207437、CK3100207477、CK3100207503、CK3100207735、CK3100207797、CK3100207852、CK3100207930、CK3100208112、CK3100208283。
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Secretary of State”, p.1259.
③FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The Secretary of State to the Chairman ofthe Federal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1262.
④FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Thorp) to the Secretary of State”, p.1260.
⑤FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The Secretary of State to the Chairman ofthe Federal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1262.
①FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Memorandum of Discussion at the116thMeeting of the National Security Council on Wednesday, April30,1952”, pp.1263-1264.
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2), pp.1266-1271.
③FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“The President to the Chairman of theFederal Trade Commission (Mead)”, p.1276.
④FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2), pp.1277-1281.
①FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“National Security Problems ConcerningFree World Petroleum Demands and Potentials Ssupples”, pp.1318-1329.
②FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: economic and political matters (part2),“Summary of NSC138”, pp.1291-1293.
③FRUS1952-1954: volume I. General: economic and political matters (part1),“Outline for Secretary’s Use in BriefingGeneral Eisenhower: The Iran Problem”, pp.7-8.
①彭树智：《二十世纪中东史》，北京：高等教育出版社，2001年，第175-176。
①FRUS,1952-1954, vol. X: Iran, The Ambassador in the United Kingdom (Gifford) to the Department of State, p.572.
②FRUS,1952-1954, vol. X: Iran, The Secretary of State to the Embassy in Iran, p.42.
③Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great Power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, pp.19-20.
④FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters, Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs（Linder） to the Acting Secretary of State, p.1289.
⑤Gasiorowsky and Byrne, eds., Mohammad Mosaddeq and the1953Coup in Iran, p.225．
①Kermit Roosevelt, The Struggle for the Control of Iran, New York: McGraw-Hill,1981, p.117.
②“Discussion at the132nd Meeting of the NSC on February18，1953”，Ann Whitman File，Eisenhower Papers，EisenhowerLibrary．
③Gasiorowsky and Byrne, eds., Mohammad Mosaddeq and the1953Coup in Iran, p.225．
④FRUS,1952-54, Vol. X: Iran, Telegram: The Secretary of State to the Embassy in Iran, p.691.
⑤Briefing Paper for the President,April8,1953,888.2553/4—853,National Archive,RG59，
⑥John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, New York: Oxford University Press,1982, chs.5.
⑦Kermit Roosevelt, Countercoup:The Struggle for the Control of Iran, New York: McGraw-Hill,1981, p.117.
②Benjamin Shwadran, Middle East Oil Crisis Since1973, Boulder&London: Westview Press,1986, p.14.
③U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on Multinational Corporations, The International PetroleumCartel: The Iranian Consortium and U.S. National Security, p.58.
④FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters,“Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Linder) to the Acting Secretary of State”, p.1289.
①Joe Stock, Middle East Oil and the Energy Crisis, New York: Monthly Review Press,1975, p.55.
②David Painter, Oil and the American Century: The Political Economy of US Foreign Policy,1941-1954, Baltimore,Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press,1986, p.195.
③Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, p25.
④Tore T. Peterson, The Middle East between the Great power: Anglo-America Conflict and Cooperation,1952-57, London:Macmillan Press,2000, pp.25-26.
①国际关系研究所编：《中东问题文件汇编》，北京：世界知识出版社，1958年，第369页。
②FRUS,1952-1954, Volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters, Memorandum by Deputy Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs (Linder) to the Acting Secretary of State, p.1293.
1． FRUS1920, Great Britain.
2． FRUS1921, Netherlands.
3． FRUS1941, volume IV: The Far East.
4． FRUS1941, volume VI: The American Republics.
5． FRUS1942, volume VI: The American Republics.
6． FRUS1943, volume I: National security affairs; foreign economic policy
7． FRUS1943, volume IV: The Near East and Africa.
8． FRUS1943, volume VI: The American Republics.
9． FURS1944, volume III: The British Commonwealth and Europe
10．FRUS1944, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, The Far East
11．FRUS1944, volume VII: The American Republics
12．FRUS1945, volume VI: The British Commonwealth, the Far East
13．FRUS1945, volume VIII: The Near East and Africa
14．FRUS1945, volume IX: The American Republics.
15．FRUS1946, volume I: General; the United Nations.
16．FRUS1946, volume XI: The American Republics.
17．FURS1947, volume IV: Eastern Europe; The Soviet Union.
18．FRUS1947, volume V: The Near East and Africa.
19．FRUS1948, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa: part1.
20．FRUS1948, volume IX: The Western Hemisphere.
21．FRUS1949, volume II: The United Nations; The Western Hemisphere.
22．FRUS1950, volume I: National security affairs; Foreign Economic Policy.
23．FRUS1950, volume II: The United Nations; The Western Hemisphere.
24．FRUS1950, volume V: The Near East, South Asia, and Africa.
25．FRUS1951, volume V: The Near East and Africa.
26．FRUS1952-1954, volume I: General: Economic and Political Matters.
27．FRUS1952-1954, volume V: Western European Security.
28．FRUS1952-1954, volume VIII: Eastern Europe; Soviet Union; EasternMediterranean
29．FRUS1952-1954, volume IX: The Near and Middle East.
30．FRUS1952-1954, volume X：Iran1952-1954.
1. Document Number: CK3100147668. Discussion at the392nd meeting of the NationalSecurity Council held on12/23/58. Issue Date: Dec23,1958.
2. Document Number: CK3100208637. Issues discussed at12/23/58NSC meeting. IssueDate: Dec23,1958.
3. Document Number: CK3100278422. Minutes of12/23/58NSC meeting. Issue Date: Dec23,1958.
4. Document Number: CK3100278408. NSC meeting of12/23/58summarized. Issue Date:Dec23,1958.
5. Document Number: CK3100122083. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Special Assistant tothe President Dillon Anderson concerning the unauthorized disclosure of classifiedNational Security Council information relating to a national petroleum program, whichappeared in "Petty's Oil Letter of5/21/55. Letter. Federal Bureau of Investigation.. IssueDate: Sep23,1955.。
6. Document Number: CK3100122073. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Dillon Andersonconcerning the unauthorized disclosure of classified information related to a nationalpetroleum program. Report by Special Agent Carl. E. Graham is enclosed. Letter. FederalBureau of Investigation. Issue Date: Sep6,1955.
7. Document Number: CK3100504591. Letter to Dillon Anderson from Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI) director J. Edgar Hoover concerning the unauthorized disclosure ofclassified National Security Council (NSC) information relating to a national petroleumprogram. Letter. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Issue Date: Jul18,1955.
8. Document Number: CK3100226894. Summary of5/19/55NSC meeting. Issue Date:May19,1955.
9. Document Number: CK3100226885. Agenda for5/19/55NSC meeting. DateDeclassified: Apr04,1986.
10. Document Number: CK3100192032. Progress report on the national petroleum program.Issue Date: May9,1955.
11. Document Number: CK3100196885. Discussion of trade-in-and-build program resultingin the construction in the U.S. of20new tankers having a sustained speed capabilitywhen loaded of from16to20knots, range to be governed by economic considerations.Issue Date: Sep29,1954.
12. Document Number: CK3100190312. JCS recommends increasing the speed of tankerssailing independently from16to20knots. Issue Date: Aug19,1954.
13. Document Number: CK3100214299. Discussion at6/9/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jun
14. Document Number: CK3100217563. Record of actions at the6/9/54NSC meeting. IssueDate: Jun9,1954.
15. Document Number: CK3100217555. Agenda for6/9/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jun4,1954.
16. Document Number: CK3100006741. NSC progress report on a national petroleumprogram. Issue Date: May27,1954.
17. Document Number: CK3100125868. Discussion at the180th meeting of the NSC on1/14/54. Issue Date: Jan15,1954.
18. Document Number: CK3100006731. Implementation of a national petroleum program.Issue Date: Jan8,1954.
19. Document Number: CK3100391347.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4.Issue Date: Nov16,1953.
20. Document Number: CK3100199101. Discussion at11/12/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:Nov13,1953.
21. Document Number: CK3100203372. Minutes at11/12/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Nov12,1953.
22. Document Number: CK3100006723. Amendments to NSC97/5recommended by theNSC Planning Board regarding a national petroleum program. Issue Date: Oct28,1953.
23. Document Number: CK3100006718. NSC progress report on NSC97/5implementationof a national petroleum program. Issue Date: Oct1,1953.
24. Document Number: CK3100308902. Discussion at7/23/54NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul24,1953.
25. Document Number: CK3100088439. Summary of7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul24,1953.
26. Document Number: CK3100199027. Summary of the7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:Jul24,1953.
27. Document Number: CK3100203281. Minutes of7/23/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul23,1953.
28. Document Number: CK3100203272. Revised agenda for the7/23/53meeting. Issue Date:Jul21,1953.
29. Document Number: CK3100203360. Summary of7/14/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jul14,1953.
30. Document Number: CK3100199100. Agenda for NSC meeting7/14/53. Issue Date: Jul9,1953.
31.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4. Issue Date: Jul7,1953.
32. Cover letter for report by civilian consultants on National Petroleum Program.Memorandum. Issue Date: Jun29,1953.
33. Civilian consultants present opinions on National Petroleum Program.Issue Date: Jun27,1953.
34. President approves National Petroleum Program to limit petroleum imports from theEastern Hemisphere. Memorandum. Issue Date: Jun2,1953.
35. Discussion at the146th meeting of the National Security Council held on5/27/53. IssueDate: May30,1953.
36. Minutes of5/27/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: May27,1953.
37.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/1. Issue Date: May20,1953.
38. Current Policies of the Government of the United States of America Relating to theNational Security： Volume II, Functional Policies: Part X, Mobilization-NationalPetroleum Program. Issue Date: Nov1,1952.
39. National Security Council, Status of Projects (national security programs, nationalpetroleum program, Japan policy, other subjects). Truman Library, Papers of Harry S.Truman, PSF. Report. Issue Date： Jul7,1952.
40. JCS views on the National Petroleum Program circulated for the information of the NSCfor consideration at the12/12/51NSC meeting. Issue Date: Dec12,1951.
41. Document Number: CK3100243389. JCS views on security of certain Middle East areastransmitted to NSC. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
42. Document Number: CK3100208902. Revisions to the National Petroleum Programrecommended by senior NSC staff. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
43. Document Number: CK3100243403. Truman approves NSC statement on a nationalpetroleum program. Issue Date: Dec11,1951.
44. Document Number: CK3100276522. NSC Secretary James Lay sends Admiral Dennisonthe minutes and summary of the11/28/51NSC meeting. Issue Date: Nov29,1951.
45. Document Number: CK3100268142. NSC invites Commerce Secretary Charles Sawyerto the12/12/51NSC meeting to participate in Council action on NSC97/1"A NationalPetroleum Program.". Issue Date: Nov28,1951.
46. Document Number: CK3100261380. Truman invites the Secretary of the Interior, OscarL. Chapman to the12/12/51NSC meeting to participate in council action on "A NationalPetroleum Program"(NSC97/1). Issue Date: Nov28,1951.
47. Document Number: CK3100391229.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/1.Issue Date: Nov27,1951.
48. Document Number: CK3100309905. Actions taken at NSC Senior staff meeting11/20/51.Issue Date: Nov21,1951.
49. Document Number: CK3100373215. National Security Council, Status of Projects(courses of action in Korea, programs for national security, petroleum program, transferof point IV program, other subjects). Issue Date: Oct1,1951.
50. Document Number: CK3100373167. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep3,1951.
51. Document Number: CK3100243399. National petroleum program discussed. Issue Date:Dec29,1950.
52. Document Number: CK3100391362.[Oil] A National Petroleum Program. NSC97/4.Issue Date: Sep14,1950.
53. Document Number: CK3100203354. Actions taken at5/27/53NSC meeting. Issue Date:May27,1953.
54. Document Number: CK3100198830. NSC agenda5/27/53. Issue Date: May25,1953.
55. Document Number: CK3100377684. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec22,1952.
56. Document Number: CK3100377668. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec8,1952.
57. Document Number: CK3100377652. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Dec1,1952.
58. Document Number: CK3100377637. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Nov3,1952.
59. Document Number: CK3100377594. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Oct6,1952.
60. Document Number: CK3100377580. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep29,1952.
61. Document Number: CK3100377566. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Sep15,1952.
62. Document Number: CK3100377524. National Security Council, Status of Projects. IssueDate: Aug18,1952.
63. Document Number: CK3100496511. Discussion at the140th National Security Council(NSC) meeting held on4/22/53. Issue Date: Apr23,1953.
64. Document Number: CK3100195856. Summary of4/8/53NSC meeting. Issue Date: Apr16,1953.
65. Document Number: CK3100238387. President Truman approves (NSC138/1)“NationalSecurity Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”.Issue Date: Jan9,1953.
66. Document Number: CK3100217163. Summary of128th NSC meeting. Issue Date: Jan9,1953.
67. Document Number: CK3100238385. Attorney General and the Secretary of the Interiorare invited to attend1/9/53NSC meeting to consider the report “National SecurityProblems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. IssueDate: Jan6,1953.
68. Document Number: CK3100383100.[Oil] National Security Problems concerning FreeWorld Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies. Issue Date: Jan6,1953.
69. Document Number: CK3100238383. NSC requests Dept. of Justice to furnish a report tothe NSC on the domestic and legal aspects of “National Security Problems ConcerningFree World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec18,1952.
70. Document Number: CK3100238384. Revisions to “National Security ProblemsConcerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec18,1952.
71. Document Number: CK3100217155. Summary of127th meeting of the NSC. Issue Date:Dec17,1952.
72. Document Number: CK3100238382. Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer invited toattend12/17/52NSC meeting to participate in Council discussion on “National SecurityProblems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies”. IssueDate: Dec12,1952.
73. Document Number: CK3100238381. Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer receivesmemo on “National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands andPotential Supplies”. Issue Date: Dec8,1952.
74. Document Number: CK3100383053. Oil] National Security Problems concerning FreeWorld Petroleum Demands and Potential Supplies. Issue Date: Dec8,1952.
75. Document Number: CK3100192066. National security problems concerning free worldpetroleum demands and potential supplies.
76. Document Number: CK3100353938. Outline of Basic United States Security ResourcesAssumptions,1948through1952, and1953through1965. Issue Date: Oct13,1948.
77. Document Number: CK3100243390. Truman approves NSC statement of policy on U.S.objectives and policies with regard to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr28,
1952.
78. Document Number: CK3100324629. Discussion at4/24/52NSC meeting. Issue Date:Apr24,1952.
79. Document Number: CK3100199908. Memo for Truman of discussion at115th NSCmeeting. Date： Apr24,1952.
80. Document Number: CK3100238375. Revisions to NSC draft statement of policy on U.S.objectives and policies with respect to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr22,1952.
81. Document Number: CK3100451724. Senior NSC staff revisions to policy statement onU.S. objectives in the Near East. Issue Date: Apr22,1952.
82. Document Number: CK3100238374. JCS views on U.S. objectives and politics withrespect to the Arab States and Israel. Issue Date: Apr16,1952.
83. Document Number: CK3100451704. NSC staff study of U.S. objectives and policies withrespect to the Arab states and Israel. Issue Date: Apr7,1952.
84. Document Number: CK3100218550. Statement of policy on U.S. objectives and policieswith respect to the area of the Arab States and Israel during the period of the Cold War.Issue Date: Mar26,1952.
85. Document Number: CK3100223292. U.S. objectives and policies with respect to the areaof the Arab States and Israel during the period of the cold war. Issue Date: Mar20,1952.
86. Document Number: CK3100185150. DOD and the Office of Civil and DefenseMobilization recommend that the Military Petroleum Advisory Board resume operations;origin and purpose of board. Issue Date: May19,1959.
87. Document Number: CK3100207408，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part1,Chapter I: The World's Petroleum Resources. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
88. Document Number: CK3100207437，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part1,Chapter II： Concentration of Control of the World Petroleum Industry. Date Declassified:Mar12,1985.
89. Document Number: CK3100207477，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2,Chapter III: Development of Joint Control Over Middle East Oil. Miscellaneous.DateDeclassified: Mar14,1985.
90. Document Number: CK3100207503，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part2,Chapter IV: Joint Control Through Common Ownership in the Iraq Petroleum Company,Ltd. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
91. Document Number: CK3100207735，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter V: Other Common Ownerships in the Middle East (Arabian American OilCompany, Kuwait Oil Company etc.). Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
92. Document Number: CK3100207797，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter VI: Joint Control Through Purchase and Sale of Oil in the Middle East-Bigseven oil companies buy and sell among themselves large quantities of both crude andrefined products. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
93. Document Number: CK3100207852，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume I, Part II,Chapter VII: Joint Control Through Purchase and Sale of Oil in Venezuela-The use ofcrude oil supply contracts to control the production of oil effectively binds together theoil interests. Date Declassified: Mar14,1985.
94. Document Number: CK3100207930，International Petroleum Cartel，Volume II, Part III,Chapter VIII: Production and Marketing Agreements Among International Oil Companies-Agreements regarding international production and marketing. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
95. Document Number: CK3100208112，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume II, Part III,Chapter IX: Case Studies in the Application of Marketing Agreements in Selected Areas-Subsidiaries of the international oil companies create and maintain local marketing cartels.Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.
96. Document Number: CK3100208283，International Petroleum Cartel, Volume II, Part III,Chapter X: Price Determination in the International Petroleum Industry-System ofpricing which has the effect of eliminating price differences to any buyer at any givendestination point. Date Declassified: Mar12,1985.available at http://nsarchive.chadwyck.com.
1. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, December28,1950,6pp. Presidential Directives, PD00234
2. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, November27,1951,31pp. Presidential Directives, PD00235
3. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, December13,1951,31pp. Presidential Directives, PD00236
4. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, May20,1953,41pp.Presidential Directives, PD00237
5. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, July7,1953,46pp.Presidential Directives, PD00238
6. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, July30,1953,14pp.Presidential Directives, PD00239
7. A National Petroleum Program, National Security Council Report, November16,1953,15pp. Presidential Directives, PD00240
8. The Iranian Economy：Near Term Objectives and Outlook Secret, Report, April17,1975,14pp. Iran Revolution, IR00948
9. National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and PotentialSupplies, National Security Council Report, December8,1952,47pp. PresidentialDirectives, PD00309
10. National Security Problems Concerning Free World Petroleum Demands and PotentialSupplies, National Security Council Report, January6,1953,25pp. PresidentialDirectives, PD00310
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1.[英] A·C·庇古：《战时经济学》，徐宗士（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
2.[法]阿尔弗雷德·格罗塞：《战后欧美关系》，刘其中、唐雪葆等（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1986年。
3.[德]埃里克·鲁登道夫：《总体战》，张君劢（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
4.[法]埃里克·洛朗：《石油内幕》，贺李、郑斐（译），上海：学林出版社，2010年。
5.[美]安迪·斯特恩：《石油阴谋》，石晓燕（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年。
6.[美]安东尼娅·朱哈斯：《石油黑幕》，李晓春（译），北京：中国人民大学出版社，2009年。
7.[美]保罗·罗伯茨：《石油恐慌》，吴文忠（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年。
8.[英]贝里·里奇：《石油王国：BP公司的奋斗与创新》，徐光东、王榕（译），北京：华夏出版社，2000年。
9.[美]彼得·柯利尔：《洛克菲勒王朝》，劳景素（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1982年。
10.[英]彼得·R·奥德尔：《石油与世界霸权：石油危机的背景》，厦门大学南洋研究所编译组等（译），北京：生活·读书·新知三联出版社，1978年。
11.[加]彼得·特扎基安：《每秒千桶——即将到来的能源转折点：挑战与对策》，李芳龄（译），北京：中国财政经济出版社，2009年。
12.[苏]勃·弗·拉奇科夫：《石油与世界政治》，上海师范大学外语系俄语组&上海《国际问题资料》编辑组（译），上海：上海人民出版社，1977年。
13.[美]戴维·A·迪斯斯、约瑟夫·S·奈：《能源与安全》，李淼等（译），上海：上海译文出版社，1984年。
14.[美]戴维·桑德罗：《打破石油诅咒》，传神翻译公司（译），北京：中信出版社，2010年。
15.[美]丹尼尔·耶金：《石油大博弈：追逐石油、金钱与权力的斗争》（上、下），艾平等（译），北京：中信出版社，2008年。
16.[法]菲利普·赛比耶-洛佩兹：《石油地缘政治》，潘革平（译），北京：社会科学文献出版社，2008年。
17.[美]哈诺德·J·克莱姆：《经济动员准备》，库桂生、张炳顺（译），北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
18.[美]哈维·奥康诺：《石油帝国》，郭外合（译），北京：世界知识出版社，1958年。
19.[荷]樊缪斯：《现代石油经济——石油工业的历史》，施鸿熙、卢爱珠等（译），北京：石油工业出版社，1985年。
20.[意]莱昂纳尔多·毛杰里：《石油！石油！探寻世界上最富争议资源的神话、历史和未来》，夏俊、徐文琴（译），上海：格致出版社&上海人民出版社，2007年。
21.[美]罗伯特·基欧汉：《霸权之后——世界政治经济中的合作与纷争》，苏长和、信强、何曜（译），上海：上海人民出版社，2006年。
22.[美]迈克尔·伊科诺米迪斯、罗纳德·奥里戈尼：《石油的颜色：世界最庞大产业的历史、金钱和政治》，苏晓宇、彭静宁（译），北京：华夏出版社，2010年。
23.[美]迈克尔·T·克莱尔：《资源战争——全球冲突的新场景》，童新耕、之也（译），上海：上海译文出版社，2002年。
24.[美]迈克尔·T·克莱尔：《石油政治学》，孙芳（译），海口：海南出版社，2009年。
25.[美]迈克尔·伊科诺米迪斯、唐纳·马里·达里奥：《石油的优势——俄罗斯的石油政治之路》，徐洪峰、李洁宇（译），北京：华夏出版社，2009年。
26.[美]美国国家能源政策组报告：《美国国家能源政策》，国土资源部信息中心（译），北京：大地出版社，2001年。
27.[日]那须圣：《世界资源之战》，齐力（译），北京：新华出版社，1980年。
28.[美]J·斯帕尼尔：《第二次世界大战后的美国的外交政策》，段若石（译）,北京：商务印书馆，1992年。
29.[比]让-雅克·贝雷比：《世界战略中的石油》，时波、周希敏、贺诗云（译），北京：新华出版社，1980年。
30.[美]史蒂文·M·戈雷利克：《富油？贫油？——解密油价背后的真相》，兰晓荣、刘毅、吴文洁（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
31.[美]史蒂文·佩尔蒂埃：《美国的石油战争》，陈葵、杨卫东（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
32.[俄]斯·日兹宁：《国际能源政治与外交》，强晓云、史亚军、成键等（译），上海：华东师范大学出版社，2005年。
33.〔美〕托伊·法罗拉、安妮·杰诺娃：《国际石油政治》，王大锐、王翥（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
34.[美]威廉·F·恩道尔：《石油战争：石油政治决定世界新秩序》，赵刚等（译），北京：知识产权出版社，2008年。
35.[美]威廉·F·恩道尔：《石油大棋局：下一个目标中国》，戴健、李峰、顾秀林（译），北京：中国民主法制出版社，2011年。
36.[美]维托·斯泰格利埃诺：《美国能源政策：历史、过程与博弈》，郑世高、刘晓青、孙旭东（译），北京：石油工业出版社，2008年。
37.[美]约瑟夫·P·托梅因、理查德·D·卡达希：《美国能源法》，万少廷（译），北京：法律出版社，2007年。
38.[美]兹比格纽·布热津斯基：《大棋局——美国的首要地位及其地缘战略》，中国国际问题研究所（译），上海：上海人民出版社，2007年。
1.安维华、钱雪梅主编：《海湾石油新论》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2000年。
2.陈建编著：《当代中东》，北京：北京大学出版社，2002年。
3.崔丕：《美国的冷战战略与巴黎统筹委员会、中国委员会（1945-1994）》，长春：东北师范大学出版社，2000年。
4.范鸿达：《美国与伊朗：曾经的亲密》，北京：社会科学出版社，2006年。
5.冯跃威：《石油博弈》，北京：企业管理出版社，2003年。
6.韩立华：《能源博弈大战：影响人类未来命运的最大挑战》，北京：新世界出版社，2008年。
7.韩亮仙：《中国经济动员论》，北京：北京理工大学出版社，2007年。
8.何庄、张浚：《慈善的石油“恶魔”——洛克菲勒家族》，北京：社会科学出版社，1998年。
9.胡国松、任皓编著：《石油金权：国际石油贸易真相考证》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
10.黄河：《跨国公司与当代国际关系》，上海：上海人民出版社，2008年。
11.姜春良：《战争的焦点》，北京：中国发展出版社，2007年。
12.江红：《为石油而战——美国石油霸权的历史透视》，北京：东方出版社，2002年。
13.李春放：《伊朗石油危机与冷战起源（1941-1947年）》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2001年。
14.李涛：《帝国反恐》，北京：中国友谊出版公司，2007年。
15.李伟建等：《以色列与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
16.刘竞、张士智、朱莉：《苏联中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1987年。
17.兰岚：《美国在中东——艾森豪威尔主义研究》，南京：南京大学出版社，2010年。
18.梅孜编译：《美国国家安全战略报告汇编》，北京：时事出版社，1995年。
19.彭树智编：《二十世纪中东史》，北京：高等教育出版社，1992年。
20.齐高岱编译：《中东局势与能源危机——OPEC三十年的发展和政策》，北京：经济管理出版社，1991年。
21.秦扬、何沙编著：《疯狂的石油：石油风暴下的世界政治经济镜像》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
22.任民：《国防动员学》，北京：军事科学出版社，2008年。
23.施鸿熙编著：《国际石油经济》，北京：石油工业出版社，1992年。
24.舒先林：《美国中东石油战略研究》，北京：石油工业出版社，2010年。
25.舒源：《国际关系中的石油问题》，昆明：云南人民出版社，2009年。
26.唐风编著：《新能源战争》，北京：中国商业出版社，2008年。
27.唐昀：《大搏杀——世纪石油之争》，北京：世界知识出版社，2004年。
28.王彬、许俊霞等：《殷红不是血：石油与战争》，北京：解放军出版社，2001年。
29.王波：《美国石油政策研究》，北京：世界知识出版社，2008年。
30.王才良、周珊编著：《石油巨头：跨国石油公司兴衰之路》，北京：石油工业出版社，2011年。
31.王丰、刘洪义、李建华：《石油资源战》，北京：中国物资出版社，2003年。
32.吴磊：《中国石油安全》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，2006年。
33.肖宪、伍庆玲、吴磊等：《土耳其与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
34.徐世澄主编：《美国和拉丁美洲关系史》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2007年。
35.杨冬燕：《苏伊士运河危机与英美关系》，南京：南京大学出版社，2003年。
36.杨兴礼、翼开运、陈俊华：《伊朗与美国关系研究》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
37.张士智、赵慧杰：《美国中东关系史》，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1993年。
38.张志前、涂俊编著：《国际油价谁主沉浮》，北京：中国经济出版社，2009年。
39.赵伟明：《中东问题与美国中东政策》，北京：时事出版社，2006年。
40.赵庆寺：《美国石油安全体系与外交（1941-1981）》，上海：上海人民出版社，2009年。
1.范鸿达：《巴列维国王时期的美国伊朗关系研究（1941-1979）》，首都师范大学，2004年博士论文。
2.孙溯源：《国际石油公司在世界石油体系中的影响和作用》，复旦大学，2008年博士论文
3.王波：《美国石油政策研究》，外交学院，2006年博士论文。
4.王春生：《美国石油安全战略研究》，军事科学院，2001年博士论文。
5.杨中强：《中东石油与21世纪的中国石油安全》，华东师范大学，2003年博士论文。
6.张世轶：《冲突与和解：美国对阿根廷的政策（1943-1955）》，南开大学，2009年博士论文。
7.赵庆寺：《20世纪70年代石油危机与美国石油安全体系：结构、进程与变革》，复旦大学，2003年博士论文。
8.赵川：《战略石油储备研究》，中国人民大学，2003年博士论文。
9.柏来喜：《石油与战后西欧》，华中师范大学，2008年博士论文。
10.常忠伟：《1900-1954年英国在伊朗的石油霸权及其影响》，河南大学，2005年硕士论文。
11.崔光秀：《论石油资源驱动下的沙特阿拉伯经济现代化（1932-1990）》，华东师范大学，2006年硕士论文。
12.韩清友：《论英美对中东石油霸权的争夺》，广西师范大学，2007年硕士论文。
13.刘晓林：《美苏石油战略对苏联解体的影响——兼对中国石油战略的思考》，西北工业大学，2004年硕士论文。
14.董延凌：《美国在中东的石油战略评析》，青岛大学，2007年硕士论文。
15.李丽华：《美国未建立国际石油机制原因探析（1945-1974）》，外交学院，2009年硕士论文。
16.蔺焕萍：《冷战后的美国伊朗关系》，西南师范大学，2004年硕士论文。
17.沙芳洲：《1938至1941年美国政府对墨西哥石油国有化改革的政策研究》，首都师范大学，2011年硕士论文。
18.邵志刚：《美国石油政策的演变与战略石油储备政策的形成初探》，苏州大学，2008年硕士论文。
19.万云霞：《美国政府石油政策的研究（1941-1945）》，华中师范大学，2011年硕士论文。
20.王崇：《美国世界石油霸权之路》，北京外国语大学，2004年硕士论文。
21.王军：《石油争夺与美国20世纪上半叶中东政策》，湖北大学，2006年硕士论文。
22.吴卫：《国际石油政治中的权力博弈》，福建师范大学，2006年硕士论文。
23.严润成：《二十世纪五六十年代美国对中东石油安全政策研究》，云南师范大学，2005年硕士论文。
24.颜圣举：《论美国中东石油战略及其对中国的影响》，华中师范大学，2008年硕士论文。
1.陈德胜、雷家骕：《法、德、美、日四国的战略石油储备制度比较与中国借鉴》，《太平洋学报》2006年第2期。
2.范鸿达、蒋启国：《美国和伊朗石油国有化危机》，《洛阳师范学院学报》，2010年第1期。
3.方长明：《从伊朗石油危机看英美特殊关系》，《国际问题研究》，2009年第2期。
4.郭又新：《冷战初期美国国家石油安全战略探微》，《东南亚研究》，2002年第6期。
5.何金祥：《美国石油对外依存度的变化》，《国土资源情报》，2006年第5期。
6.何奇松：《冷战格局下的美国与伊朗特殊关系（1945-1978）》，《江西师范大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第1期。
7.李若晶：《美国战后石油外交政策史研究浅析（1945-1970）》，《历史教学》，2007年第5期。
8.李秀：《雅尔塔会议与美国石油》，《史学集刊》，1995年第3期。
9.刘波：《“七姊妹”及其石油霸权》，《河南大学学报》（社会科学版），1999年第2期。
10.马冰、张迎新：《美国海军石油储备法简介》，《国土资源情报》，2002年第1期。
11.马鸿：《洛克菲勒石油财团与美国对中东的外交政策——从艾森豪威尔政府到肯尼迪政府》，《哈尔滨学院学报》，2005年第11期。
12.姜英梅：《沙特王国外交政策及发展态势》，《国际政治研究》，2005年第2期。
13.奇松：《冷战格局下的美国与伊朗特殊关系（1945-1978）》，《江西师范大学学报》，2006年第2期。
14.邱建群：《试论第一次世界大战后美国的石油安全状况及对策》，《辽宁大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第4期。
15.沙芳洲：《墨西哥石油国有化改革前夕美国政府对美墨石油纷争的回应》，《首都师范大学学报》（社会科学版），2011年增刊。
16.石斌：《民族主义、伊朗石油危机与美国对伊朗的政策（1951-1954）》，《美国研究》，1996年第4期。
17.石斌：《1953年美英对伊朗的“准军事行动”及其相关问题——基于新史料的重新探讨》，《外交评论》，2012年第2期。
18.舒先林、李庆春：《石油安全概念与石油安全战略》，《长江大学学报》（社会科学版），2005年第4期。
19.舒先林、朱开元、常诚：《中美关系中的石油因素》，《中国石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2006年8月。
20.舒先林：《美国独霸中东石油的制约因素》，《阿拉伯世界研究》，2006年第1期。
21.王才良（编）：《世界石油工业百年风云》（一至九），《国际石油经济》，2000年1月—2001年3月。
22.王建红：《20世纪初美国石油产业反托拉斯及其市场结构的新转变》，《东南学术》，2011年第3期。
23.王新谦：《从战美国援欧附加条件看美国的制度霸权》，《世界经济与政治》，2007年第2期。
24.王有勇：《美国对阿拉伯能源战略的演变及其启示》，《阿拉伯世界研究》，2006年第5期。
25.卫建林：《能源与国际格局》，《观察与思考》，2008年第2期。
26.解晓燕：《“两次半”世界大战与美国的石油利益》，《国际石油经济》，2000年第6期。
27.解晓燕：《石油与二战中的日本》，《石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2000年第6期。
28.雪峰：《美国的战略石油储备体系》，《全球科技经济瞭望》，2004年第8期。
29.杨斌：《美国霸权战略与军工、石油垄断财团利益》，《开放导报》，2006年第2期。
30.于民：《美国的石油扩张之道》，《中国石油》，1999年6月刊。
31.张德明：《美国在亚洲的石油扩张（1860-1960）》，《世界历史》，2006年第4期。
32.张建新：《美国霸权与国际石油政治》，《上海交通大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第2期。
33.张士智、赵慧杰：《战后美国对中东的扩张（1945-1955）》，《西亚非洲》，1984年第1期。
34.张新安：《国外矿产资源储备历史及现状》，《国土资源情报》，2002年第1期。
35.赵庆寺：《试论美国对外石油政策的形成（1941-1954）》，《史林》，2010年第6期。
36.支晓兰：《德高里尔与二战后美国中东石油政策》，《西安石油大学学报》（社会科学版），2011年第6期。
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