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蒙古塔南凹陷下白垩统铜钵庙组—南屯组沉积相研究与储层地质建模
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摘要
塔木察格盆地位于蒙古国东部,向东北延伸进入中国境内,在平面上可以划分为三坳二隆5个一级构造单元,共6个凹陷。塔南凹陷位于塔木察格盆地南部,为一北东向延伸的小型断陷,凹陷内部可进一步划分出5个次级构造单元,即东部陡坡带、东部凹陷带、中央隆起带、西部凹陷带和西部斜坡带。此次研究层位为下白垩统铜钵庙组和南屯组地层,主要通过小层划分与对比,沉积相演化类型,储层特征及油藏类型等方面对凹陷油藏地质特征进行研究。
     铜钵庙组分为5个油组,共108个小层,主要以扇三角洲沉积体系为主,底部偶见冲积扇相沉积。有利砂体主要发育在T19-34区块、T19-3区块和T19-30区块,砂体类型以水下分流河道和河口坝为主,层位集中在铜一油组和铜二油组。南屯组共分为4个油组,共41个小层,发育以浊积扇为主的湖泊沉积体系,有利砂体多发育在T19-19区块、T19-78区块和T19-69区块,砂体类型以浊积扇砂体为主,层位集中在组南一油组和南四油组。
     孔隙结构及物性特征研究表明,铜Ⅰ油组孔隙结构中等—好,平均孔渗为13.2%和6.1md。铜Ⅱ油组孔隙结构较差,平均孔渗为12.7%和1md。南Ⅰ油组孔隙结构较好,平均孔渗为15.4%和13.8md。南屯Ⅱ油组的孔隙结构中等—差,平均孔渗为14%和1.5md。平面上孔渗分布规律与有利砂体分布较为一致。
     铜钵庙组油藏以构造油气藏为主,主要分布在西部缓坡带以及中央隆起带两侧,沿构造带走向分布,基本位于断层上升盘,主要集中在铜I油组内。南屯组油藏以构造-岩性油藏为主,岩性是油藏的主控因素。以T19-19区块为界线,向北发育而向南基本不发育,主要分布在I、II油组。
     结合以上研究,通过选取典型区块建立地质模型,从构造、沉积、物性特征及油藏类型等多方面分析了不同区块内部开发效果及影响因素,针对不同区块特征提出了下一步开采部署建议。
The Tamtsag basin extending along northeast into China, locates at the eastof Mongolia, which is divided into six sub-basins. The South TamtsagDepression, which lied in the south of Tamtsag basin, is a small fault depressionextending from northeast to southwest. The study area was further divided into fivesub-tectonic units: the eastern steep slope belt, the eastern depression belt, thecentral uplift belt, the western depression belt and the western gentle slope belt.The study targets are Tongbomiao and Nantun formations in Lower Cretaceous.
     Tongbomiao formation was divided into five pay zones which include108layers. It mainly deposited fan delta and sometimes deposited alluvial fan in thebottom. The favorable areas concentrated in Block T19-34, Block T19-3andBlock T19-30. The effective sandbody types in Tongbomiao formation wereunderwater distributary channel and mouth bar. Pay zones TI and TII were themain developing targets. Nantun formation was divided into four pay zones whichinclude41layers. It mainly deposited turbidite fan and lake sedimentary system.The favorable areas concentrated in Block T19-19, Block T19-78and BlockT19-69. The effective sandbody type in Nantun formation was turbidite sandstone.Pay zones NI and NIV were the main developing targets.
     Pore structure and physical characteristics showed that the pore structure ofpay zone TI was medium to fine, the average value of porosity and permeabilitywere13.2%and6.1md, the pore structure of pay zone TII was medium to bad,the average value of porosity and permeability were12.7%and1md, the porestructure of pay zone NI was fine, the average value of porosity and permeabilitywere15.4%and13.8md, the pore structure of pay zone NII was medium to bad,the average value of porosity and permeability were14%and1.5md. Thedistributing rules of porosity and permeability followed the distributing rules offavorable sandstone.
     The type of oil reservoirs was mainly controlled by tectonic in Tongbomiaoformation. They most developed in the western gentle slope belt and central upliftbelt. The type of oil reservoirs was mainly controlled by sandstone in Nantunformation. Separated by Block T19-19, they most developed in the north part.
     Combined the study above, based on the geology models of different block,this paper analyzed the developing effect and impact factors from tectonicfeatures, sedimentary types, physical characteristics, and oil reservoir types.Finally, considering different areas, we proposed different solutions for thefuture exploitation.
引文
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