基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型研究
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摘要
随着语义网和本体技术的不断发展,本体及其推理机制作为语义网技术框架中解决语义问题的核心技术在知识工程、人工智能等各个领域得到了广泛的应用。本体作为一种在语义层面上知识体系的建模工具,能够准确定义知识资源体系中个概念的含义,以及概念间的内在关系,并通过逻辑推理挖掘概念间未直接表达的隐含关系,具有良好的知识组织、表达和推理能力。以本体为基础的知识资源体系的建设提供了一种全新的跨领域知识管理模式,较好地解决了知识组织及其应用问题。但是目前基于本体的知识组织和管理仅仅局限于静态知识和绝对知识,对于相对可变知识的组织、管理以及变化过程的组织和表达还没有明确的解决方案。针对本体在实现可变知识管理与控制方面的不足,武汉大学信息资源研究中心的董慧教授及其笔者参与的项目组提出了本体分子理论。
在知识资源建设方面,基于本体的知识体系已经在相关领域得到了广泛关注和深入研究,但是目前在中文的各个领域,基于本体的知识资源仍处于稀缺资源的地位,而基于本体分子的知识资源体系则更为鲜见。
本文正是根据本体和本体分子理论,分析了基于本体的跨领域知识资源建设模型,并提出了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型并构建了此模型在电子政务的档案领域、古籍领域的子模型。本文的主要研究内容和创新之处在于：
(1)提出了基于本体的知识资源建设模型。本体作为语义网框架内唯一解决语义问题的推荐标准,具有解决不同领域、不同结构的知识资源体系构建理想的理论和技术框架。本文认为基于本体的知识资源建设模型具有易操作性和可扩展性等特性,并构建了基于本体的跨领域的知识资源建设模型。
(2)提出了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型。由于本体在解决相对可变知识问题,多粒度知识问题方面的局限性,笔者所在项日组提出了本体分子理论和应用框架。本文依据本体分子理论对本体理论的扩展,对基于本体的知识资源建设模型做了相应的扩展和结构变化,构建了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型。
(3)构建了时间维度的档案知识资源建设模型。此模型是是基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型在时间维度上和电子政务领域中的应用,属于领域的动态子模型。本文还提出时间维度的档案知识资源建设模型具有文档演变和条目演变等动态知识特征。
(4)构建了综合维度的古籍知识资源建设模型。此模型是基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型在多个维度(包括时间维度、地点维度等),以及古籍领域中的应用,属于综合维度的领域子模型。本文认为此模型的特征不仅在于古籍领域的特有规律和现象,还在于实现了基于本体分子的综合维度的知识组织、知识表达及其应用。并在此模型的基础上建成了基于本体分子的综合维度的中华史籍(二十四史)知识资源体系,创新性地从时间、地点等不同维度分析了中华史籍(二十四史)知识资源的演化、推理和管理过程。
本文通过对以上四种模型的构建和分析的结果可以充分表明本体分子模型在实现相对复杂的可变知识、以及多维度、多粒度知识组织与管理上的优势。
Along with the development of Semantic Web and ontology technology, as key technique of dealing with the semantic problem, ontology is widely applied into various domains, such as knowledge engineering, artificial intelligence, etc. Meanwhile, as a kind of modeling tool, ontology could describe concept model of knowledge system on semantic level. Ontology is able to describe the inherent relationship among concepts, further obtaining the implication relationship within concepts by logic reasoning, having good expressive and reasoning ability. Knowledge resource system constructing based on ontology puts forward a brand new multi-domain knowledge organization model, dealing with construction and application problem of knowledge resource. However, ontology-based knowledge organization and management is restricted in static knowledge and absolute knowledge. There is no explicit solution for knowledge's trust and authority problems. Aiming at the shortage of ontology dealing with dynamic knowledge, professor Dong Hui and his team design and propose the theory of Ontology Molecule.
As far as knowledge resource constructing, ontology-based knowledge system has gained widely attention and deeply research. However, knowledge resource based on ontology in Chinese field is insufficient. Knowledge resource system based on Ontology Molecule is even more rare.
According to ontology and Ontology molecule theory, this paper analyzes multi-domain knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology, raises knowledge resource constructing model based on Ontology Molecule, and it's sub-models applying into Chinese e-government field and ancient Chinese historical books. The main research and innovative points include:
(1) It puts forward the multi-domain knowledge resource construction model based on ontology. Ontology is the only recommended standard by W3C to deal with the semantic problem, which could organize the knowledge resource of different domains and formats. This paper thinks that knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology is practicable and extensible. And this paper describes the architecture of multi-domain knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology.
(2) It puts forward the knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule. Due to the shortage of dealing with the relative dynamic knowledge problem and multi-granularity knowledge problem, the team which the author belongs raised the Ontology molecule theory and application architecture. According to Ontology Molecule's changes of ontology, this paper describes the architecture of knowledge resource constructing model based on Ontology Molecule.
(3) It puts forward the time-dimensional archives Ontology Molecule resource construction model. This sub-model is the application in e-government field and time dimension, which is a dynamic sub-model. This paper also thinks that the time-dimensional archives Ontology Molecule resource construction model has file evolving feature and clause evolving feature.
(4) It puts forward the multi-dimensional ancient Chinese Ontology Molecule resource construction model, which is the application of knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule in multi-dimension (including time and place) and ancient Chinese analysis field. It is a multi-dimensional domain sub-model of knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule. This paper thinks that the feature of this sub-model not only represents the ancient Chinese analysis field, but also realizes multi-dimensional knowledge organization and expression based on Ontology Molecule.
In a word, this paper shows that the benefit of ontology used in multi-domain knowledge resource constructing and Ontology Molecule applied in multi-dimensional and multi-granularity knowledge organization and management.
在知识资源建设方面,基于本体的知识体系已经在相关领域得到了广泛关注和深入研究,但是目前在中文的各个领域,基于本体的知识资源仍处于稀缺资源的地位,而基于本体分子的知识资源体系则更为鲜见。
本文正是根据本体和本体分子理论,分析了基于本体的跨领域知识资源建设模型,并提出了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型并构建了此模型在电子政务的档案领域、古籍领域的子模型。本文的主要研究内容和创新之处在于：
(1)提出了基于本体的知识资源建设模型。本体作为语义网框架内唯一解决语义问题的推荐标准,具有解决不同领域、不同结构的知识资源体系构建理想的理论和技术框架。本文认为基于本体的知识资源建设模型具有易操作性和可扩展性等特性,并构建了基于本体的跨领域的知识资源建设模型。
(2)提出了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型。由于本体在解决相对可变知识问题,多粒度知识问题方面的局限性,笔者所在项日组提出了本体分子理论和应用框架。本文依据本体分子理论对本体理论的扩展,对基于本体的知识资源建设模型做了相应的扩展和结构变化,构建了基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型。
(3)构建了时间维度的档案知识资源建设模型。此模型是是基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型在时间维度上和电子政务领域中的应用,属于领域的动态子模型。本文还提出时间维度的档案知识资源建设模型具有文档演变和条目演变等动态知识特征。
(4)构建了综合维度的古籍知识资源建设模型。此模型是基于本体分子的知识资源建设模型在多个维度(包括时间维度、地点维度等),以及古籍领域中的应用,属于综合维度的领域子模型。本文认为此模型的特征不仅在于古籍领域的特有规律和现象,还在于实现了基于本体分子的综合维度的知识组织、知识表达及其应用。并在此模型的基础上建成了基于本体分子的综合维度的中华史籍(二十四史)知识资源体系,创新性地从时间、地点等不同维度分析了中华史籍(二十四史)知识资源的演化、推理和管理过程。
本文通过对以上四种模型的构建和分析的结果可以充分表明本体分子模型在实现相对复杂的可变知识、以及多维度、多粒度知识组织与管理上的优势。
Along with the development of Semantic Web and ontology technology, as key technique of dealing with the semantic problem, ontology is widely applied into various domains, such as knowledge engineering, artificial intelligence, etc. Meanwhile, as a kind of modeling tool, ontology could describe concept model of knowledge system on semantic level. Ontology is able to describe the inherent relationship among concepts, further obtaining the implication relationship within concepts by logic reasoning, having good expressive and reasoning ability. Knowledge resource system constructing based on ontology puts forward a brand new multi-domain knowledge organization model, dealing with construction and application problem of knowledge resource. However, ontology-based knowledge organization and management is restricted in static knowledge and absolute knowledge. There is no explicit solution for knowledge's trust and authority problems. Aiming at the shortage of ontology dealing with dynamic knowledge, professor Dong Hui and his team design and propose the theory of Ontology Molecule.
As far as knowledge resource constructing, ontology-based knowledge system has gained widely attention and deeply research. However, knowledge resource based on ontology in Chinese field is insufficient. Knowledge resource system based on Ontology Molecule is even more rare.
According to ontology and Ontology molecule theory, this paper analyzes multi-domain knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology, raises knowledge resource constructing model based on Ontology Molecule, and it's sub-models applying into Chinese e-government field and ancient Chinese historical books. The main research and innovative points include:
(1) It puts forward the multi-domain knowledge resource construction model based on ontology. Ontology is the only recommended standard by W3C to deal with the semantic problem, which could organize the knowledge resource of different domains and formats. This paper thinks that knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology is practicable and extensible. And this paper describes the architecture of multi-domain knowledge resource constructing model based on ontology.
(2) It puts forward the knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule. Due to the shortage of dealing with the relative dynamic knowledge problem and multi-granularity knowledge problem, the team which the author belongs raised the Ontology molecule theory and application architecture. According to Ontology Molecule's changes of ontology, this paper describes the architecture of knowledge resource constructing model based on Ontology Molecule.
(3) It puts forward the time-dimensional archives Ontology Molecule resource construction model. This sub-model is the application in e-government field and time dimension, which is a dynamic sub-model. This paper also thinks that the time-dimensional archives Ontology Molecule resource construction model has file evolving feature and clause evolving feature.
(4) It puts forward the multi-dimensional ancient Chinese Ontology Molecule resource construction model, which is the application of knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule in multi-dimension (including time and place) and ancient Chinese analysis field. It is a multi-dimensional domain sub-model of knowledge resource construction model based on Ontology Molecule. This paper thinks that the feature of this sub-model not only represents the ancient Chinese analysis field, but also realizes multi-dimensional knowledge organization and expression based on Ontology Molecule.
In a word, this paper shows that the benefit of ontology used in multi-domain knowledge resource constructing and Ontology Molecule applied in multi-dimensional and multi-granularity knowledge organization and management.
引文
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