膨胀石墨基复合材料的制备、改性及其对水中特定污染物去除的研究
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摘要
当前,重金属和印染废水污染的日益严重,对重金属和印染废水污染的控制与治理引起了人们广泛的关注。对重金属和印染废水污染的治理方法中,活性炭吸附法具有较好的去除效率,且活性炭的回收与再生拥有成熟的经验。在实际应用中,粉状或粒状活性炭材料的损耗高且重复利用效率不高等缺点,限制着其应用。作为一种新型功能性碳素材料,膨胀石墨(EG)具有疏松、多孔、比表面积大、活性高等特点。EG不仅对各种非极性的有机分子,如油类等具有着良好的吸附性能；在一定条件下,亦对极性分子有一定的吸附效果。为了拓宽EG的应用,如高效率去除极性的有机或无机物质,科学家对EG进行了改性,获得具备特定性能的新型膨胀石墨基复合材料。在前人研究基础上,本文提出利用松散态EG作为基体材料,通过浸渍、炭化、活化等一系列工艺,对其进行复合改性研究,制备几种新型膨胀石墨基复合材料(EG/AC),并将EG/AC作为水中特定污染物高效的吸附剂、净化剂。
本文的研究内容主要包括：松散态EG的微波制备与表征；EG/AC的优化制备与表征；非均相催化剂复合材料——Co3O4/EG/AC的制备与表征；通过EG和EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附实验,研究材料吸附重金属离子的特性与机理；考察EG和EG/AC-2对阳离子染料(亚甲基蓝,MB)模拟废水的脱色能力,研究材料吸附阳离子染料的特性和机理；基于硫酸根自由基的高级氧化技术(AOPs)中,对Co304/EG/AC催化PMS氧化剂降解偶氮染料(酸性橙7,A07)进行了研究。本文得到的主要研究结果如下：
(1)以商用可膨胀石墨作为原材料,运用微波辐射加热法(MW),快速地制备出松散态EG材料。利用SEM、EDX、XRD和FT-IR等测试手段测试说明,EG的外观如蠕虫状,许多的石墨鳞片互相粘连、叠合而构成EG的内部片层结构,片层间又有着许多蜂窝状的微细孔隙。且EG的孔形多为多边形或狭缝形及与之相对应的楔孔,孔径大小不均,以大孔和中孔为主。微波法制备的EG和常规高温加热法制备的EG外观形貌没有差别。
(2)以松散态EG为基体材料,以新材料的产率及对特定污染物的去除率作响应值,采用中心组合设计(CCD)一响应曲面法(RSM)对新材料的制备工艺进行优化研究,建立模型,确定最优的制备新型膨胀石墨基复合材料(EG/AC-1、EG/AC-2)的工艺条件,可为材料的制备应用提供一定的参考依据。①运用CCD-RSM建立的EG/AC-1制备模型,得到最优制备工艺参数为：Xp(磷酸与蔗糖溶液的质量比)0.93、浸渍液(磷酸与蔗糖溶液)浓度40.53%、炭化温度413.8℃；最优工艺条件下,经过3次实验,建立的模型预测EG/AC-1的产率和对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率分别为35.74%和83.66%,而实验结果材料的产率及对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率分别为34.93%和83.07%；②运用RSM建立的EG/AC-2制备模型,最优工艺参数为：浸渍液(蔗糖溶液)浓度22.63%、化学浸渍比(涂覆有蔗糖的EG固化材料与ZnCl2的质量比)282.62%、炭化温度639.53℃,模型预测EG/AC-2的产率和对MB染料的去除率分别为40%和99.98%,而实验结果,材料产率和对MB染料的去除率的均值为37.5%和99.43%。EG/AC-1和EG/AC-2的实际制备产率及对特定污染物的去除率,与模型的预测值误差均在10%以内,说明该模型可以较好地预测EG/AC的实际产率和对特定污染物的去除率。
(3)EG经复合改性后,EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量显著提高,远大于EG(2.5652mg·g-1),达到75.7576mg·g-1,是一种高效的Cr(Ⅵ)吸附剂、净化剂。EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量随着pH值的升高而降低,pH2.0时达到最大；EG则随pH值的升高而先增后降,pH3.0时其吸附量达到最大。利用5种吸附动力学模型分析表明EG和EG/AC-1吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的过程用符合伪二级动力学模型。EG和EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的等温吸附过程,Langmuir模型呈现出最好的拟合度。通过热力学计算可知,EG对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附过程是非自发进行的放热反应,而EG/AC-1吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的过程为自发进行的吸热反应。
(4)研究了EG和EG/AC-2吸附阳离子染料(亚甲基蓝,MB)的特性及机理。结果发现,EG/AC-2是高效的MB染料吸附剂,其最大吸附量达到367.65mg·g-’,优于EG的吸附效果(67.8887mg·g-1)。EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的吸附量与染料浓度、溶液pH值有关,且各因素间相互影响。多种动力学模型拟合研究表明,EG和EG/AC-2吸附MB染料的过程符合伪二级动力学模型。EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的等温吸附过程,Langmuir模型的拟合度(R2>0.99)最好。经吸附热力学分析可知,EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的吸附均是自发进行的吸热反应,且主要为物理吸附过程。
(5)以制备的EG/AC作为纳米Co3O4的载体,应用溶剂热还原法,制得非均相催化剂复合材料——Co3O4/EG/AC。用Co3O4/EG/AC催化PMS对A07进行降解研究,结果表明：当PMS的用量均为2mM,Co3O4/EG/AC的投加量均为0.05g·L-’,在染料溶液的pH值调至中性时,常温下,Co3O4/EG/AC-PMS系统完全降解A07染料所需的时间为10min左右。同时,随着PMS投加量的增大,溶液的COD去除率均随之增加。并且,催化剂经过3次循环使用后,制得的Co3O4/EG/AC仍能保持较高的催化性能,说明Co3O4/EG/AC具有很好的稳定性。Co3O4/EG/AC-1催化PMS降解A07染料的速率较Co3O4/EG/AC-2(?)。
Nowadays, the face of increasing scarcity of fossil energy and the environment caused by pollution has become the two major crises of the current threat to human survival and sustainable social development. To develop environmentally friendly-, renewable-new energy and to seek development on the positive application of new processes and new materials has attracted so much attention as a promising solution for sustainable development. Carbon is one of the most abundant chemical elements in the universe. The element carbon is capable of forming long chains of carbon-carbon bonds which are strong and stable in nature. This property is known as catenation. Due to this property, compounds of carbon are found in infinite numbers. It is a fact that the numbers of compounds of carbon are much higher than the compounds of any other element, except hydrogen. Thus, expanded graphite (EG) is an excellent inorganic carbon material, which has many advantages such as low density, non-toxicity, non-pollution and easy disposal. Recently, EG was reported to exhibit excellent adsorption for spilled oil floating on water and gas adsorbent due to the worm-like pore structure, weak polarity, hydrophobic and lipophilic nature. So, from the late1980s, much research work of EG has been done as a new type of eco-friendly absorbent. Meanwhile, many scientists focus on the preparation of eco-friendly expanded graphite-based composite materials from modification or composite modification, and then their environmental applications. Based on the report of EG with good adsorption properties of the non-polar organic molecules (such as oils, etc.) and certain adsorption characteristics of the polar molecules under certain conditions, in this paper, new EG-based composite adsorbents was prepared from composite modified loose stated EG and their use in treatment of specified pollutants from aqueous solution.
The present study dealt with the preparation of loose stated EG as matrix materials from the expandable graphite by microwave irradiation. Preparation conditions of EG/AC (EG/AC-1and EG/AC-2) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Two quadratic models were developed for yield of EG/AC and adsorption of specified pollutants using Design-Expert software. Then, Co3O4/EG/AC (Co3O4/EG/AC-1and Co3O4/EG/AC-2) were fabricated in situ as heterogeneous catalysts by the decomposition of cobalt nitrate through heat and crystal growth of Co3O4on the surface of EG/AC in1-hexanol solvent. The characteristics of the as-prepared materials were analyzed. Adsorption capacities and mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG and EG/AC-1were investigated. Adsorption capacities and mechanism of dye MB by EG and EG/AC-2was investigated, too. The as-prepared Co3O4/EG/AC were used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for azo dye AO7removal from aqueous solution using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on sulfate radicals. The main research results are as follows:
(1) EG was prepared in our laboratory by microwave irradiation treatment of the expandable graphite in an EM-3011EB1microwave oven (Sanyo Inc., China). The characteristics of the as-prepared graphite materials were analyzed by SEM-EDX, FT-IR and XRD. The results show that microwave irradiation gives EG with the properties comparable with that prepared by rapid heating.
(2) RSM was successfully applied to investigate the effects of preparation conditions, on the adsorption capacity of specified pollutants and yield of the developed EG/AC. The models were used to calculate the optimum operating conditions of preparation of adsorbent providing a compromise between yield and adsorption of the process.①After optimization studies, to preparation of EG/AC-1, the best production methodology involved a0.93of Xp, a40.53%of impregnation concentration and a heating rate of10℃·min-1to413.8℃of activation temperature, which resulted in83.66%of Cr(Ⅵ) removal and35.74%of EG/AC-1yield.②Thus, to preparation of EG/AC-2after optimization studies, the best production methodology involved a22.63%of impregnation concentration, a282.62%of chemical ratio and a heating rate of10℃·min-1to639.53℃of activation temperature, which resulted in99.40%of MB removal and36.11%of novel adsorbent yield. Based on the present work, the prepared EG/AC prove to be economical and cost effective adsorbents to remove specified pollutants from aqueous solution.
(3) The adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution onto EG and EG/AC-1were investigated in the respective of initial pH value, adsorbent dosage, concentration of initial metal ions and contact time, etc. EG and EG/AC-1adsorbed with Cr(Ⅵ) were characterized by SEM, EDX and FT-1R analysis. The results indicated that EG/AC-1was an effective adsorbent for Cr(Ⅵ). The maximum adsorption amount of Cr(Ⅵ) reach to75.7576mg-g-1. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ) onto EG/AC-1was higher than EG at the same pH value. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) is highly pH dependent and the maximum uptake of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG/AC-1was obtained at pH2. Thus, the maximum uptake of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG was obtained at pH3. The adsorption isotherm was determined and fit to three models. But the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG and EG/AC-1fit the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm best. The kinetic of the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG and EG/AC-1were also found to follow pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG/AC-1is a spontaneous, endothermic and physical reaction. Thus, the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG is a non-spontaneous, exothermic reaction.
(4) This study investigated the potential use of the as-prepared EG and EG/AC-2as effective adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes, namely methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solution. The effect of dye concentration, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and pH were experimentally studied to evaluate the adsorption capacity, kinetics and isotherm. Results showed that both EG and EG/AC-2could be employed to remove cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. The adsorbed amount of cationic dye on EG and EG/AC-2increased sharply with an increase of adsorbent dose up to2.0g·L-1and1.0g·L-1, respectively. The initial pH value in the range of10-12does not have any noticeable effect on dye removal by both EG and EG/AC-2. The kinetics of the cationic dye adsorption on the EG and EG/AC-2obey the pseudo-second-order model. Adsorptions of MB on the two adsorbents follow the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm perfectly.-The thermodynamic studies showed that the dye adsorption onto the two adsorbents were all a spontaneous, endothermic and physical reaction.
(5) Co3O4/EG/AC (Co3O4/EG/AC-1and Co3O4/EG/AC-2) were synthesized in situ as heterogeneous catalysts by the decomposition of cobalt nitrate through heat and crystal growth of Co3O4on the surface of EG/AC in1-hexanol solvent. The Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts were characterized by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Results show that Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts are large EG/AC decorated homogenously with dispersed Co3O4nanoparticles. The Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts exhibits an unexpectedly high catalytic activity in the degradation of AO7in aqueous solutions by AOPs based on sulfate radicals, and almost100%decomposition can be achieved in10min with0.2mM Orange Ⅱ,0.05g·L-1catalysts dosage, and2mM PMS dose at room temperature. Though, the degradation rate of AO7in Co3O4/EG/AC-1-PMS system is a little faster than Co3O4/EG/AC-2-PMS system. Meanwhile, in both the two systems the leach of cobalt ions was low. The catalysts exhibited stable performance after three rounds of regeneration.
本文的研究内容主要包括：松散态EG的微波制备与表征；EG/AC的优化制备与表征；非均相催化剂复合材料——Co3O4/EG/AC的制备与表征；通过EG和EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附实验,研究材料吸附重金属离子的特性与机理；考察EG和EG/AC-2对阳离子染料(亚甲基蓝,MB)模拟废水的脱色能力,研究材料吸附阳离子染料的特性和机理；基于硫酸根自由基的高级氧化技术(AOPs)中,对Co304/EG/AC催化PMS氧化剂降解偶氮染料(酸性橙7,A07)进行了研究。本文得到的主要研究结果如下：
(1)以商用可膨胀石墨作为原材料,运用微波辐射加热法(MW),快速地制备出松散态EG材料。利用SEM、EDX、XRD和FT-IR等测试手段测试说明,EG的外观如蠕虫状,许多的石墨鳞片互相粘连、叠合而构成EG的内部片层结构,片层间又有着许多蜂窝状的微细孔隙。且EG的孔形多为多边形或狭缝形及与之相对应的楔孔,孔径大小不均,以大孔和中孔为主。微波法制备的EG和常规高温加热法制备的EG外观形貌没有差别。
(2)以松散态EG为基体材料,以新材料的产率及对特定污染物的去除率作响应值,采用中心组合设计(CCD)一响应曲面法(RSM)对新材料的制备工艺进行优化研究,建立模型,确定最优的制备新型膨胀石墨基复合材料(EG/AC-1、EG/AC-2)的工艺条件,可为材料的制备应用提供一定的参考依据。①运用CCD-RSM建立的EG/AC-1制备模型,得到最优制备工艺参数为：Xp(磷酸与蔗糖溶液的质量比)0.93、浸渍液(磷酸与蔗糖溶液)浓度40.53%、炭化温度413.8℃；最优工艺条件下,经过3次实验,建立的模型预测EG/AC-1的产率和对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率分别为35.74%和83.66%,而实验结果材料的产率及对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率分别为34.93%和83.07%；②运用RSM建立的EG/AC-2制备模型,最优工艺参数为：浸渍液(蔗糖溶液)浓度22.63%、化学浸渍比(涂覆有蔗糖的EG固化材料与ZnCl2的质量比)282.62%、炭化温度639.53℃,模型预测EG/AC-2的产率和对MB染料的去除率分别为40%和99.98%,而实验结果,材料产率和对MB染料的去除率的均值为37.5%和99.43%。EG/AC-1和EG/AC-2的实际制备产率及对特定污染物的去除率,与模型的预测值误差均在10%以内,说明该模型可以较好地预测EG/AC的实际产率和对特定污染物的去除率。
(3)EG经复合改性后,EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量显著提高,远大于EG(2.5652mg·g-1),达到75.7576mg·g-1,是一种高效的Cr(Ⅵ)吸附剂、净化剂。EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量随着pH值的升高而降低,pH2.0时达到最大；EG则随pH值的升高而先增后降,pH3.0时其吸附量达到最大。利用5种吸附动力学模型分析表明EG和EG/AC-1吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的过程用符合伪二级动力学模型。EG和EG/AC-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的等温吸附过程,Langmuir模型呈现出最好的拟合度。通过热力学计算可知,EG对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附过程是非自发进行的放热反应,而EG/AC-1吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的过程为自发进行的吸热反应。
(4)研究了EG和EG/AC-2吸附阳离子染料(亚甲基蓝,MB)的特性及机理。结果发现,EG/AC-2是高效的MB染料吸附剂,其最大吸附量达到367.65mg·g-’,优于EG的吸附效果(67.8887mg·g-1)。EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的吸附量与染料浓度、溶液pH值有关,且各因素间相互影响。多种动力学模型拟合研究表明,EG和EG/AC-2吸附MB染料的过程符合伪二级动力学模型。EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的等温吸附过程,Langmuir模型的拟合度(R2>0.99)最好。经吸附热力学分析可知,EG和EG/AC-2对MB染料的吸附均是自发进行的吸热反应,且主要为物理吸附过程。
(5)以制备的EG/AC作为纳米Co3O4的载体,应用溶剂热还原法,制得非均相催化剂复合材料——Co3O4/EG/AC。用Co3O4/EG/AC催化PMS对A07进行降解研究,结果表明：当PMS的用量均为2mM,Co3O4/EG/AC的投加量均为0.05g·L-’,在染料溶液的pH值调至中性时,常温下,Co3O4/EG/AC-PMS系统完全降解A07染料所需的时间为10min左右。同时,随着PMS投加量的增大,溶液的COD去除率均随之增加。并且,催化剂经过3次循环使用后,制得的Co3O4/EG/AC仍能保持较高的催化性能,说明Co3O4/EG/AC具有很好的稳定性。Co3O4/EG/AC-1催化PMS降解A07染料的速率较Co3O4/EG/AC-2(?)。
Nowadays, the face of increasing scarcity of fossil energy and the environment caused by pollution has become the two major crises of the current threat to human survival and sustainable social development. To develop environmentally friendly-, renewable-new energy and to seek development on the positive application of new processes and new materials has attracted so much attention as a promising solution for sustainable development. Carbon is one of the most abundant chemical elements in the universe. The element carbon is capable of forming long chains of carbon-carbon bonds which are strong and stable in nature. This property is known as catenation. Due to this property, compounds of carbon are found in infinite numbers. It is a fact that the numbers of compounds of carbon are much higher than the compounds of any other element, except hydrogen. Thus, expanded graphite (EG) is an excellent inorganic carbon material, which has many advantages such as low density, non-toxicity, non-pollution and easy disposal. Recently, EG was reported to exhibit excellent adsorption for spilled oil floating on water and gas adsorbent due to the worm-like pore structure, weak polarity, hydrophobic and lipophilic nature. So, from the late1980s, much research work of EG has been done as a new type of eco-friendly absorbent. Meanwhile, many scientists focus on the preparation of eco-friendly expanded graphite-based composite materials from modification or composite modification, and then their environmental applications. Based on the report of EG with good adsorption properties of the non-polar organic molecules (such as oils, etc.) and certain adsorption characteristics of the polar molecules under certain conditions, in this paper, new EG-based composite adsorbents was prepared from composite modified loose stated EG and their use in treatment of specified pollutants from aqueous solution.
The present study dealt with the preparation of loose stated EG as matrix materials from the expandable graphite by microwave irradiation. Preparation conditions of EG/AC (EG/AC-1and EG/AC-2) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Two quadratic models were developed for yield of EG/AC and adsorption of specified pollutants using Design-Expert software. Then, Co3O4/EG/AC (Co3O4/EG/AC-1and Co3O4/EG/AC-2) were fabricated in situ as heterogeneous catalysts by the decomposition of cobalt nitrate through heat and crystal growth of Co3O4on the surface of EG/AC in1-hexanol solvent. The characteristics of the as-prepared materials were analyzed. Adsorption capacities and mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG and EG/AC-1were investigated. Adsorption capacities and mechanism of dye MB by EG and EG/AC-2was investigated, too. The as-prepared Co3O4/EG/AC were used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for azo dye AO7removal from aqueous solution using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on sulfate radicals. The main research results are as follows:
(1) EG was prepared in our laboratory by microwave irradiation treatment of the expandable graphite in an EM-3011EB1microwave oven (Sanyo Inc., China). The characteristics of the as-prepared graphite materials were analyzed by SEM-EDX, FT-IR and XRD. The results show that microwave irradiation gives EG with the properties comparable with that prepared by rapid heating.
(2) RSM was successfully applied to investigate the effects of preparation conditions, on the adsorption capacity of specified pollutants and yield of the developed EG/AC. The models were used to calculate the optimum operating conditions of preparation of adsorbent providing a compromise between yield and adsorption of the process.①After optimization studies, to preparation of EG/AC-1, the best production methodology involved a0.93of Xp, a40.53%of impregnation concentration and a heating rate of10℃·min-1to413.8℃of activation temperature, which resulted in83.66%of Cr(Ⅵ) removal and35.74%of EG/AC-1yield.②Thus, to preparation of EG/AC-2after optimization studies, the best production methodology involved a22.63%of impregnation concentration, a282.62%of chemical ratio and a heating rate of10℃·min-1to639.53℃of activation temperature, which resulted in99.40%of MB removal and36.11%of novel adsorbent yield. Based on the present work, the prepared EG/AC prove to be economical and cost effective adsorbents to remove specified pollutants from aqueous solution.
(3) The adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution onto EG and EG/AC-1were investigated in the respective of initial pH value, adsorbent dosage, concentration of initial metal ions and contact time, etc. EG and EG/AC-1adsorbed with Cr(Ⅵ) were characterized by SEM, EDX and FT-1R analysis. The results indicated that EG/AC-1was an effective adsorbent for Cr(Ⅵ). The maximum adsorption amount of Cr(Ⅵ) reach to75.7576mg-g-1. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ) onto EG/AC-1was higher than EG at the same pH value. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) is highly pH dependent and the maximum uptake of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG/AC-1was obtained at pH2. Thus, the maximum uptake of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG was obtained at pH3. The adsorption isotherm was determined and fit to three models. But the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by EG and EG/AC-1fit the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm best. The kinetic of the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG and EG/AC-1were also found to follow pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG/AC-1is a spontaneous, endothermic and physical reaction. Thus, the Cr(Ⅵ) ions adsorption onto EG is a non-spontaneous, exothermic reaction.
(4) This study investigated the potential use of the as-prepared EG and EG/AC-2as effective adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes, namely methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solution. The effect of dye concentration, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and pH were experimentally studied to evaluate the adsorption capacity, kinetics and isotherm. Results showed that both EG and EG/AC-2could be employed to remove cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. The adsorbed amount of cationic dye on EG and EG/AC-2increased sharply with an increase of adsorbent dose up to2.0g·L-1and1.0g·L-1, respectively. The initial pH value in the range of10-12does not have any noticeable effect on dye removal by both EG and EG/AC-2. The kinetics of the cationic dye adsorption on the EG and EG/AC-2obey the pseudo-second-order model. Adsorptions of MB on the two adsorbents follow the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm perfectly.-The thermodynamic studies showed that the dye adsorption onto the two adsorbents were all a spontaneous, endothermic and physical reaction.
(5) Co3O4/EG/AC (Co3O4/EG/AC-1and Co3O4/EG/AC-2) were synthesized in situ as heterogeneous catalysts by the decomposition of cobalt nitrate through heat and crystal growth of Co3O4on the surface of EG/AC in1-hexanol solvent. The Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts were characterized by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Results show that Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts are large EG/AC decorated homogenously with dispersed Co3O4nanoparticles. The Co3O4/EG/AC catalysts exhibits an unexpectedly high catalytic activity in the degradation of AO7in aqueous solutions by AOPs based on sulfate radicals, and almost100%decomposition can be achieved in10min with0.2mM Orange Ⅱ,0.05g·L-1catalysts dosage, and2mM PMS dose at room temperature. Though, the degradation rate of AO7in Co3O4/EG/AC-1-PMS system is a little faster than Co3O4/EG/AC-2-PMS system. Meanwhile, in both the two systems the leach of cobalt ions was low. The catalysts exhibited stable performance after three rounds of regeneration.
引文
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