朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中的女性群像研究
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摘要
朝鲜朝后期,家庭小说的创作极其活跃,它在古小说中所占的比例之高,影响之大,成为小说创作中的主力军。
对于“家庭小说”的概念和范围,学术界有不同的说法。大体分为广义概念和狭义概念。广义概念包括孝行型、贞节型、继母型、争宠型小说。狭义概念包括继母型、争宠型小说。本论文将家庭小说的概念范围界定在狭义的概念范畴。
本文关注的是朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中形色各异的女性群像。朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中塑造了大量的女性群像,但是对其研究,只停留在局部研究的层面上,有的是对个别部分家庭小说作品中的女性形象的研究,有的是在进行古小说女性形像的研究中包括了个别家庭小说中的女性形象,迄今还未见到朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中女性群像的专题研究。鉴于此,本论文在对朝鲜朝后期家庭小说文本进行详尽分析的基础上,试图将朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中的女性形象作为一个整体进行关照。以期对这一时期内的家庭小说中的女性群像作出总体性的把握。
本文在前人研究成果的基础上,从女性的视角和立场出发,结合社会历史学,神话原型批评等研究方法,力图有所突破和创新。论文共分六章。
第‘章是绪论,主要介绍研究对象、研究现状、研究目的和研究方法。
第二章介绍朝鲜朝后期女性的生活环境,主要从社会理念、教育环境、环境变化指向等三个方面进行逐‘梳理和介绍,为论文的展开做铺垫工作
第三章对朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中的女性群像一一女儿形象、妻妾形象、母亲形象、婢女形象进行具体的闸述和分析。
首先,对女儿形象进行了分析。儒教成为朝鲜朝的统治理念后,统治阶级为了巩固男权地位,逐渐强化“男尊女卑”思想。对于女儿来讲,家庭是其社会化的第一场所。她在家庭中接受性别训练,以社会规定的方式学习如何成为一个女姓,如何认定自己在家庭中的地位并怎样服从家长权威。在这样的时代背景下,家庭小说中的女孩自从出生之日起,受到了与男孩不一样的待遇,这便形成了“女不如男”,“男贵女贱”的思想意识形态。
女儿们长期处在父权文化教育的熏陶下,逐渐将这种强制的东西内化为自身的价值取向,将哥哥或弟弟的生命视为比自己的生命还为重要,其理由是男孩可以继承父母的后嗣。同时,她们身为“女孩”,常常要经受继母的虐待。在家庭小说中,大多数继母都会将前妻的女儿做为伤害的对象,并且施各种计谋给前妻的女儿带上“失节”罪名。并以“女孩无用”和“失节的女孩”为罪过,让父亲将女儿赶出家门。但是,女儿们从不反抗,只有顺从于父母,表现出一切悲惨的遭遇缘起自己前生造孽作致的宿命人生观。
另外,朝鲜朝时期,女儿不仅在米成年之前受到父母严格的监管和外界的隔离,即使是成年之后也会极大的不自由。人生理想不可谈及,个人婚姻也要服从“父母之命、媒约之言”。在家庭小说中,女儿的结婚问题上,其导演足父亲,父亲在女儿的择偶问题上特别上心,注重“门当户对”原则,通过女儿的婚事,努力维系家庭的势力范围。
除外,在家庭小说中女儿对父母绝对尽孝,主要表现在对已故父母奉祭祀和照顾生病的父母等两个方面。
其次,对妻妾形象作了详致的分析。在朝鲜朝社会,妻妾虽然同是丈夫的配偶,但是她们的法律地位、身份地位、经济地位都有很大的差别。家庭小说中,妻子一般是因受封建传统礼教思想的教化谨守妇德规范,自觉地维持着男权话语下的家庭秩序和伦理规范。妻子嫁入夫家之后,她们在“不孝有三,无后为大”的伦理规范下,首先困惑的问题是能否解决后嗣问题,翘首苦待,日益焦虑,甚至劝丈夫以娶妾的方式解决后嗣问题。妻子又是具有“无妒”气质的女性。她们面对妾的争宠行为,不嫉妒、不生气。妻子对丈夫的娶妾和妾的争宠看得特别淡,但是对于丈夫的“立身扬名”则看得特别重。因此每当丈夫面临出征表现出犹豫不决时,妻子们反而更加坚定,义无反顾地劝丈夫一定要立身扬名。她们将“立身扬名”看做是对祖先的孝道,并且通过丈夫的“扬名”实现自己的人生价值。
但是妾与之相反,虽然封建传统伦理规范认为嫉妒和淫荡同是妇女道德规范的大敌,她们为了“争宠”与儒家规范背道而驰,重视自我情欲,她们与正妻争宠,诱惑丈夫,排斥妻子,迫害平和的家庭氛围。她们大都具有美丽的容颜,性格刚烈。有的谋害妻子不择手段,有的与丈夫之外的男人勾搭通奸,有的甚至情感失控、感觉失灵、情绪激昂、理性伦灭,处于精神失序状态。
再次,对母亲形象做了详细的分析。在朝鲜朝时代,母亲的主要职责就是相夫教子,对女儿进行婚前教育,这是她们首要的任务。但是继母虽为女性,与之相反,她们为了获取经济地位,他们恶毒,施行计谋,陷害前妻所生的子女,最后丧失了人性。
最后、对婢女形象进行了分析。婢女自古以来身份卑贱,她们的形象在文学作品中经常被物化。“近朱者赤、近墨者黑”,家庭小说中婢女表现为要么特别善良,对自己的主人特别忠诚,舍身救卞人,要么特别奸恶,与邪恶的主人一起共谋或给她们计谋。
第四章根据第三章的女性群像的分析,在朝鲜神话作品中追溯家庭小说中的女性形象的原型。通过对家庭小说女性形象的神话溯源,弄清朝鲜朝女性形象传承了哪些女性传统,进而把握朝鲜家庭女性的精神本源
第五章探讨男性作家笔下的女性形象的建构,通过对男性作家笔下的正面女姓形象的剖析,归纳创作者的心理状态和主观意图,以便更好地把握朝鲜朝男性文人的思想动态。
第六章是结论。对本文所阐述的内容进行整理和归纳,并阐明男性作家塑造的女性形象的局限性。
总之,本文在研究过程中,以朝鲜朝后期家庭小说文献为依据,坚持文本细读的原则,将宏观的时代背景和微观的作品分析有机结合,同时汲取前人研究成果的基础上又作了补充,对家庭小说中的女性群像进行整体关照,并对其形象进行神话溯源,揭示朝鲜朝后期家庭女性形象的精神本源和朝鲜朝男性作家在女姓形象塑造上的特质等做了独立的研究。这些对于研究朝鲜启蒙时期和现代时期小说中以“家庭”为题材的女姓形象的研究将起到一定的作用,这也是本文的创新之处。
The creation of the family novel is extremely active in late Chosen dynasty; because of its proportion and influence in ancient novel of Korean, it becomes the main force in the novel writing.
Academics have different opinion for the concept and scope of the family novel. In general, it divides into broad concept and narrow concept. The broad concept includes the novel of filial piety, chastity, stepmother, rivalry. The narrow concept includes the novel of stepmother, rivalry. In this article, the concept of the family novel is defined in the narrow concept.
I focus on the different female images of family novel in late Chosen dynasty. There are a lot of female images in the family navel in Chosen dynasty, but the research just stay at the local level. Some people study on the female images in the individual part of the fiction, some studying on the female images in separate family novel when they research the female images of ancient fiction. Now we don't see the studying on the female images of family in late Chosen dynasty.I try to interview the female images of family novel in late Chosen dynasty based on a detailed analysis the text of the late Chosen dynasty family novel and totally grasp the female images of family novel in the period.
In this article, I try to breakthrough and innovation based on the results of previous studies by the research methods of social history and literature culture. This article includes six chapters.
The first chapter is an introduction. In this part introduces the object, statue, purpose, and methods of research.
In the second chapter I introduce the environment of female who live in the late Chosen dynasty. I introduce three aspects:social philosophy, environment of education and environmental change points. I do ground work for laying my article.
In the third chapter, I analyze elaborately the female images of family novel in Chosen dynasty. There are the daughters, the ladies, the concubine, the mother, and the maids.
Firstly, I analyze the daughter images. After the confusion become the rule of philosophy in Chosen dynasty, the ruling class gradually strength the patriarchal thinking in order to consolidate the statue of patriarchal. For daughters, the family is the first place of socialization, in family, they receive the train of gender and learn how to be a female according the manner of ruling by social, receive the train of the patriarchal and learn how to identify their own position, obeys parental authority. Since the date of birth, the girls of family novel are treated different with the boys, they think that women are not as good as men, and women are cheaper than man.
Under the influence of patriarchal culture in long time, the daughters gradually turn the forced things into their own value orientation, so they think that their brothers are important than themselves, the reason is that the boys can inherit their parents'heirs. At the same time, as a girl, they often have to withstand the abuse of stepmother. In family novel, many stepmothers would hurt ex-wife's daughter, charge their disloyal, and ask their father to make the daughter to out of the door. However, the girls never resist and obedient their parent. They show the fatalist outlook on life that their misery just because of pre-existent sin.
On the other hand, in the Chosen dynasty, not only does the daughter received strict monitoring and isolation with the outside when they as child, but also do they not have freedom when they in adult. They don't have ideals, even they have not their own right of marriage, and they must obey their parents'words. In the family novel, the daughter must obey her father in the marriage, her father very care about in daughter's mate. He focus on the principle of "perfect match", he wants to maintain its sphere of influence of family through his daughter's marriage.
Of course, in the family novel, the daughter shows their filial piety to their parents, there are two aspects that worship late parents and take care of sick parents.
Secondly, I analyze the images of wife and concubine. Although the wife and the concubine are both the husband's mate, they are significant difference in legal status, social status and economic status in Chosen dynasty. In the family novel, because the wife accepts the thought of feudal tradition, they comply with feminine virtue specification, consciously maintain the family order and ethical norms. The wife married, they are control under the ethical norms, and their first problem to solve is heirs. They advise their husband to find a concubine in order to solve the heirs. The wife must a woman who doesn't jealousy. They doesn't jealousy and angry face the act that the concubine rivalry. The wife ignore their husband find concubine, but they thinks it is important that the husband's fame. Because they think the fame is the filial piety for ancestor, and also it realizes their value, they show more firmly and encourage their husband to conduct fame when their husband shows hesitate before expedition.
In contract, although jealousy and sexuality are regard as an enemy of woman's ethics by the feudal traditional ethics, the concubine value their personal passions, rivalry with the wife, template their husband, exclude the wife and persecute the peaceful atmosphere of the family. Mostly of them are beautiful and staunch, some of them unscrupulously hurt the wife, some ganging up with man, some even out of control emotion, failed feeling and ration destroy, their mental disorder.
Thirdly, I analyze the images of mother. In Chosen dynasty, mother's duty is help her husband and conduct her children. It is the most important that the mother conduct her children who don't marriage. In contract, although the stepmother is also a mother, they are vicious, play plot, and hurt the ex-wife's children. Finally they lost the humanity.
Lastly, I analyze the images of maids. Maids'identity is mean since ancient times, their images are often materialized in works. The maids' showing is just as same as their master, in family novel, some of them especially kind, particularly loyal to their master and even give up own life to save their master. Some of them particularly wicked, they play plot with her master.
In the forth chapter, I trace the prototype of women images in the family novels from the Korean myth works. This path, I try to find out what the women of the family novels inherit female tradition through tracing the myth images, and grasp the origin of spirit of the Korean women in the family.
In the fifth chapter, I explore the construction of the male writers and female image. Through analyzing the positive women images who the male writers describe in the family novels, I summarize the writer's state of mind and subjective intent in order to grasp the ideological of male literati of Chosen dynasty.
The sixth chapter is conclusion. I collate and summarize the contents described in this paper, and clarify the limitation that the male writers write women images.
In short, I adhere to the principle of close reading, analyze the works form combination of macro-history background and micro-works base on the family novels of Chosen dynasty. I draw on the results of previous studies, study the images of women in the family novels, and trace its images of myth, reveal the origin of sprit of women image that the women of late Chosen dynasty in the family, and the characteristics that the male writers write the images of women in the family novels. I think my paper will benefit for the studying that research the women image of family novel of Korea enlighten period and modern era, that is innovation of my paper.
对于“家庭小说”的概念和范围,学术界有不同的说法。大体分为广义概念和狭义概念。广义概念包括孝行型、贞节型、继母型、争宠型小说。狭义概念包括继母型、争宠型小说。本论文将家庭小说的概念范围界定在狭义的概念范畴。
本文关注的是朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中形色各异的女性群像。朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中塑造了大量的女性群像,但是对其研究,只停留在局部研究的层面上,有的是对个别部分家庭小说作品中的女性形象的研究,有的是在进行古小说女性形像的研究中包括了个别家庭小说中的女性形象,迄今还未见到朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中女性群像的专题研究。鉴于此,本论文在对朝鲜朝后期家庭小说文本进行详尽分析的基础上,试图将朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中的女性形象作为一个整体进行关照。以期对这一时期内的家庭小说中的女性群像作出总体性的把握。
本文在前人研究成果的基础上,从女性的视角和立场出发,结合社会历史学,神话原型批评等研究方法,力图有所突破和创新。论文共分六章。
第‘章是绪论,主要介绍研究对象、研究现状、研究目的和研究方法。
第二章介绍朝鲜朝后期女性的生活环境,主要从社会理念、教育环境、环境变化指向等三个方面进行逐‘梳理和介绍,为论文的展开做铺垫工作
第三章对朝鲜朝后期家庭小说中的女性群像一一女儿形象、妻妾形象、母亲形象、婢女形象进行具体的闸述和分析。
首先,对女儿形象进行了分析。儒教成为朝鲜朝的统治理念后,统治阶级为了巩固男权地位,逐渐强化“男尊女卑”思想。对于女儿来讲,家庭是其社会化的第一场所。她在家庭中接受性别训练,以社会规定的方式学习如何成为一个女姓,如何认定自己在家庭中的地位并怎样服从家长权威。在这样的时代背景下,家庭小说中的女孩自从出生之日起,受到了与男孩不一样的待遇,这便形成了“女不如男”,“男贵女贱”的思想意识形态。
女儿们长期处在父权文化教育的熏陶下,逐渐将这种强制的东西内化为自身的价值取向,将哥哥或弟弟的生命视为比自己的生命还为重要,其理由是男孩可以继承父母的后嗣。同时,她们身为“女孩”,常常要经受继母的虐待。在家庭小说中,大多数继母都会将前妻的女儿做为伤害的对象,并且施各种计谋给前妻的女儿带上“失节”罪名。并以“女孩无用”和“失节的女孩”为罪过,让父亲将女儿赶出家门。但是,女儿们从不反抗,只有顺从于父母,表现出一切悲惨的遭遇缘起自己前生造孽作致的宿命人生观。
另外,朝鲜朝时期,女儿不仅在米成年之前受到父母严格的监管和外界的隔离,即使是成年之后也会极大的不自由。人生理想不可谈及,个人婚姻也要服从“父母之命、媒约之言”。在家庭小说中,女儿的结婚问题上,其导演足父亲,父亲在女儿的择偶问题上特别上心,注重“门当户对”原则,通过女儿的婚事,努力维系家庭的势力范围。
除外,在家庭小说中女儿对父母绝对尽孝,主要表现在对已故父母奉祭祀和照顾生病的父母等两个方面。
其次,对妻妾形象作了详致的分析。在朝鲜朝社会,妻妾虽然同是丈夫的配偶,但是她们的法律地位、身份地位、经济地位都有很大的差别。家庭小说中,妻子一般是因受封建传统礼教思想的教化谨守妇德规范,自觉地维持着男权话语下的家庭秩序和伦理规范。妻子嫁入夫家之后,她们在“不孝有三,无后为大”的伦理规范下,首先困惑的问题是能否解决后嗣问题,翘首苦待,日益焦虑,甚至劝丈夫以娶妾的方式解决后嗣问题。妻子又是具有“无妒”气质的女性。她们面对妾的争宠行为,不嫉妒、不生气。妻子对丈夫的娶妾和妾的争宠看得特别淡,但是对于丈夫的“立身扬名”则看得特别重。因此每当丈夫面临出征表现出犹豫不决时,妻子们反而更加坚定,义无反顾地劝丈夫一定要立身扬名。她们将“立身扬名”看做是对祖先的孝道,并且通过丈夫的“扬名”实现自己的人生价值。
但是妾与之相反,虽然封建传统伦理规范认为嫉妒和淫荡同是妇女道德规范的大敌,她们为了“争宠”与儒家规范背道而驰,重视自我情欲,她们与正妻争宠,诱惑丈夫,排斥妻子,迫害平和的家庭氛围。她们大都具有美丽的容颜,性格刚烈。有的谋害妻子不择手段,有的与丈夫之外的男人勾搭通奸,有的甚至情感失控、感觉失灵、情绪激昂、理性伦灭,处于精神失序状态。
再次,对母亲形象做了详细的分析。在朝鲜朝时代,母亲的主要职责就是相夫教子,对女儿进行婚前教育,这是她们首要的任务。但是继母虽为女性,与之相反,她们为了获取经济地位,他们恶毒,施行计谋,陷害前妻所生的子女,最后丧失了人性。
最后、对婢女形象进行了分析。婢女自古以来身份卑贱,她们的形象在文学作品中经常被物化。“近朱者赤、近墨者黑”,家庭小说中婢女表现为要么特别善良,对自己的主人特别忠诚,舍身救卞人,要么特别奸恶,与邪恶的主人一起共谋或给她们计谋。
第四章根据第三章的女性群像的分析,在朝鲜神话作品中追溯家庭小说中的女性形象的原型。通过对家庭小说女性形象的神话溯源,弄清朝鲜朝女性形象传承了哪些女性传统,进而把握朝鲜家庭女性的精神本源
第五章探讨男性作家笔下的女性形象的建构,通过对男性作家笔下的正面女姓形象的剖析,归纳创作者的心理状态和主观意图,以便更好地把握朝鲜朝男性文人的思想动态。
第六章是结论。对本文所阐述的内容进行整理和归纳,并阐明男性作家塑造的女性形象的局限性。
总之,本文在研究过程中,以朝鲜朝后期家庭小说文献为依据,坚持文本细读的原则,将宏观的时代背景和微观的作品分析有机结合,同时汲取前人研究成果的基础上又作了补充,对家庭小说中的女性群像进行整体关照,并对其形象进行神话溯源,揭示朝鲜朝后期家庭女性形象的精神本源和朝鲜朝男性作家在女姓形象塑造上的特质等做了独立的研究。这些对于研究朝鲜启蒙时期和现代时期小说中以“家庭”为题材的女姓形象的研究将起到一定的作用,这也是本文的创新之处。
The creation of the family novel is extremely active in late Chosen dynasty; because of its proportion and influence in ancient novel of Korean, it becomes the main force in the novel writing.
Academics have different opinion for the concept and scope of the family novel. In general, it divides into broad concept and narrow concept. The broad concept includes the novel of filial piety, chastity, stepmother, rivalry. The narrow concept includes the novel of stepmother, rivalry. In this article, the concept of the family novel is defined in the narrow concept.
I focus on the different female images of family novel in late Chosen dynasty. There are a lot of female images in the family navel in Chosen dynasty, but the research just stay at the local level. Some people study on the female images in the individual part of the fiction, some studying on the female images in separate family novel when they research the female images of ancient fiction. Now we don't see the studying on the female images of family in late Chosen dynasty.I try to interview the female images of family novel in late Chosen dynasty based on a detailed analysis the text of the late Chosen dynasty family novel and totally grasp the female images of family novel in the period.
In this article, I try to breakthrough and innovation based on the results of previous studies by the research methods of social history and literature culture. This article includes six chapters.
The first chapter is an introduction. In this part introduces the object, statue, purpose, and methods of research.
In the second chapter I introduce the environment of female who live in the late Chosen dynasty. I introduce three aspects:social philosophy, environment of education and environmental change points. I do ground work for laying my article.
In the third chapter, I analyze elaborately the female images of family novel in Chosen dynasty. There are the daughters, the ladies, the concubine, the mother, and the maids.
Firstly, I analyze the daughter images. After the confusion become the rule of philosophy in Chosen dynasty, the ruling class gradually strength the patriarchal thinking in order to consolidate the statue of patriarchal. For daughters, the family is the first place of socialization, in family, they receive the train of gender and learn how to be a female according the manner of ruling by social, receive the train of the patriarchal and learn how to identify their own position, obeys parental authority. Since the date of birth, the girls of family novel are treated different with the boys, they think that women are not as good as men, and women are cheaper than man.
Under the influence of patriarchal culture in long time, the daughters gradually turn the forced things into their own value orientation, so they think that their brothers are important than themselves, the reason is that the boys can inherit their parents'heirs. At the same time, as a girl, they often have to withstand the abuse of stepmother. In family novel, many stepmothers would hurt ex-wife's daughter, charge their disloyal, and ask their father to make the daughter to out of the door. However, the girls never resist and obedient their parent. They show the fatalist outlook on life that their misery just because of pre-existent sin.
On the other hand, in the Chosen dynasty, not only does the daughter received strict monitoring and isolation with the outside when they as child, but also do they not have freedom when they in adult. They don't have ideals, even they have not their own right of marriage, and they must obey their parents'words. In the family novel, the daughter must obey her father in the marriage, her father very care about in daughter's mate. He focus on the principle of "perfect match", he wants to maintain its sphere of influence of family through his daughter's marriage.
Of course, in the family novel, the daughter shows their filial piety to their parents, there are two aspects that worship late parents and take care of sick parents.
Secondly, I analyze the images of wife and concubine. Although the wife and the concubine are both the husband's mate, they are significant difference in legal status, social status and economic status in Chosen dynasty. In the family novel, because the wife accepts the thought of feudal tradition, they comply with feminine virtue specification, consciously maintain the family order and ethical norms. The wife married, they are control under the ethical norms, and their first problem to solve is heirs. They advise their husband to find a concubine in order to solve the heirs. The wife must a woman who doesn't jealousy. They doesn't jealousy and angry face the act that the concubine rivalry. The wife ignore their husband find concubine, but they thinks it is important that the husband's fame. Because they think the fame is the filial piety for ancestor, and also it realizes their value, they show more firmly and encourage their husband to conduct fame when their husband shows hesitate before expedition.
In contract, although jealousy and sexuality are regard as an enemy of woman's ethics by the feudal traditional ethics, the concubine value their personal passions, rivalry with the wife, template their husband, exclude the wife and persecute the peaceful atmosphere of the family. Mostly of them are beautiful and staunch, some of them unscrupulously hurt the wife, some ganging up with man, some even out of control emotion, failed feeling and ration destroy, their mental disorder.
Thirdly, I analyze the images of mother. In Chosen dynasty, mother's duty is help her husband and conduct her children. It is the most important that the mother conduct her children who don't marriage. In contract, although the stepmother is also a mother, they are vicious, play plot, and hurt the ex-wife's children. Finally they lost the humanity.
Lastly, I analyze the images of maids. Maids'identity is mean since ancient times, their images are often materialized in works. The maids' showing is just as same as their master, in family novel, some of them especially kind, particularly loyal to their master and even give up own life to save their master. Some of them particularly wicked, they play plot with her master.
In the forth chapter, I trace the prototype of women images in the family novels from the Korean myth works. This path, I try to find out what the women of the family novels inherit female tradition through tracing the myth images, and grasp the origin of spirit of the Korean women in the family.
In the fifth chapter, I explore the construction of the male writers and female image. Through analyzing the positive women images who the male writers describe in the family novels, I summarize the writer's state of mind and subjective intent in order to grasp the ideological of male literati of Chosen dynasty.
The sixth chapter is conclusion. I collate and summarize the contents described in this paper, and clarify the limitation that the male writers write women images.
In short, I adhere to the principle of close reading, analyze the works form combination of macro-history background and micro-works base on the family novels of Chosen dynasty. I draw on the results of previous studies, study the images of women in the family novels, and trace its images of myth, reveal the origin of sprit of women image that the women of late Chosen dynasty in the family, and the characteristics that the male writers write the images of women in the family novels. I think my paper will benefit for the studying that research the women image of family novel of Korea enlighten period and modern era, that is innovation of my paper.
引文
[50]美國人H.R.海斯《危险的性》《The Dang erous Sex》孙爱华,唐文鸿譯,上海人民出版社,1989
[51](美)布恩哈特著,王傑秀 赵培亚 译,《嫉妒-其本质及治疗方法》,中国城市经济社会出版社,1990
[52]李娟,「韩國古代家庭小说文化阐释」,中国社会科学出版社,2010
[78]谭红梅,『朝鲜朝汉文小说中的女性形象』,中央民族大学博士学位论文,2008
[115]艾辉,《以家庭为题材的中國古典小说的发展情况概述》,辽宁师范大学学报,社会科学版第27卷
[51](美)布恩哈特著,王傑秀 赵培亚 译,《嫉妒-其本质及治疗方法》,中国城市经济社会出版社,1990
[52]李娟,「韩國古代家庭小说文化阐释」,中国社会科学出版社,2010
[78]谭红梅,『朝鲜朝汉文小说中的女性形象』,中央民族大学博士学位论文,2008
[115]艾辉,《以家庭为题材的中國古典小说的发展情况概述》,辽宁师范大学学报,社会科学版第27卷