中低压配电网自适应功率控制器研究
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摘要
自适应功率控制器作为一种新型柔性配电装置，它可以满足智能配电网全方位功能需求，解决现阶段中低压配电网存在的许多问题，为电力用户提供特殊供电服务，并实现分布式发电的无扰接入，从而提高供电系统稳定性、可靠性和经济性。国内自适应功率控制器研究尚处于基础理论阶段。本论文着重开展自适应功率控制器的数学建模和控制策略研究。论文的主要工作和取得的创新性成果如下：
1、建立自适应功率控制器频域内连续平均数学模型，分析设备参数和控制参数对装置整体性能的影响。在考虑优化控制目标、功率约束条件以及非线性因素的影响下，提出自适应功率控制器的硬件参数设计方法和原则；
2、设计基于正负序分离解耦的综合同步控制策略。针对级联拓扑结构变流器存在的直流母线电压不平衡问题，详细推导了基于平均功率定义的有功功率和无功功率表达式，设计基于负序电流的单相直流母线电压平衡控制策略，并提出分层分布式直流母线电压平衡控制方法，实现了输入级直流母线电压的自适应平衡；为了满足自适应功率控制器输入级的功能需求，还设计自适应无功和谐波补偿策略，以便满足系统需求；
3、设计高性能同步软件锁相策略和过电流保护策略。针对电力系统故障条件下准确锁相难的问题，设计基于超前校正的软件锁相环和基于重复控制技术的软件锁相环，提高故障条件下装置的动态性能和稳态特性；针对故障条件下装置过流问题，提出一种稳态过电流辅助控制器和暂态过电流抑制回路，提高了自适应功率控制器的故障生存能力；
4、设计自适应功率控制中间级多点直流母线电压控制策略。针对DC/DC变流器并联运行时直流电压波动问题，提出直流电压外环、电流有效值内环的快速平衡算法；针对模块并联运行功率不均分问题，设计基于电流有效值的均功率算法；针对中/高频变压器的偏磁问题，提出了分层复合偏磁抑制技术，提高自适应功率控制器的运行可靠性。
5、提出优质电力园区梯级供电方案。针对优质电力园区供电品质需求，设计基于自适应功率控制器的综合治理方案，提炼了优质电力园区对自适应功率控制器的主要功能需求，并在自适应功率控制器典型拓扑上进行了验证。
Adaptive power controller, as a new type of flexible distributiondevices, can meet the comprehensive requirements of smart distribution grid,resolve most of problems in medium-low voltage distribution network,supply special power services for users, and achieve the bumpless access ofdistributed generation, thereby which will enhance the stability, reliabilityand economy of power supplying system. In the domestic adaptive powercontroller is still in the stage of basic theory. This dissertation has focusedon the mathematical modeling and control strategy of the adaptive powercontroller, and the works and innovative achievements are as follows.
1. The continuous average mathematical model of adaptive powercontroller in the frequency domain is built up, and the impact of equipmentsand control parameters on the device overall performance are analyzed. Thedesign methods and principles of hardware parameters in adaptive powercontroller are suggested, under the affect of the optimization of controlobjectives, power constraints and nonlinear factor.
2. Integrated synchronous control strategy based on the positive andnegative sequence separation decoupling is established. The active powerand reactive power expression based on the average power definition arederived in detail for the DC bus voltage imbalance problem of cascadedconverter. A single phase DC bus voltage balance control strategy based onnegative sequence current is given, and a hierarchical distributed DC busvoltage balance control strategy to achieve the adaptive balance of DC busvoltage in input stage is designed in this paper. In order to satisfy thefunctional requirements of input stage in adaptive power controller, the adaptive reactive power and harmonic compensation strategies are built up,which can meet the requirements of power system.
3. The high performance software phase locked loop and overcurrentprotection strategy are studied. Owing to the difficult problem of accuratephase lock in fault conditions of power system, the enhanced phase lockedloops based on the lead-correction function and the repetitive controltechnique are developed, which improve the dynamic performance andsteady state characteristics of device under fault conditions. For theovercurrent problem in failure conditions, a steady overcurrent auxiliarycontroller and transient overcurrent suppression method are discussed,which improve the fault viability of adaptive power controller.
4. Multi-terminal DC bus voltage control strategy of adaptive powercontroller is built up. The fast balance algorithm including DC voltage outerloop and the current root mean square value (RMS) inner loop is proposedfor the problem of DC bus voltage fluctuation in DC/DC converter paralleloperation,. Due to the equalization power issue of parallel power module,the average power algorithm based on the current RMS is designed. Thelayered composite magnetic bias suppression strategy is raised for themagnetic bias of the medium/high frequency transformer, which improvethe operational reliability of adaptive power controller.
5. The cascaded power supplying scheme of Premium Power Park isproposed. Owing to the quality requirements for the power supplying ofPremium Power Park, the comprehensive solutions integrated adaptivepower controller is established, and the functional requirements of adaptivepower controller in Premium Power Park are extracted, which are verified inthe typical topology of adaptive power controller.
1、建立自适应功率控制器频域内连续平均数学模型，分析设备参数和控制参数对装置整体性能的影响。在考虑优化控制目标、功率约束条件以及非线性因素的影响下，提出自适应功率控制器的硬件参数设计方法和原则；
2、设计基于正负序分离解耦的综合同步控制策略。针对级联拓扑结构变流器存在的直流母线电压不平衡问题，详细推导了基于平均功率定义的有功功率和无功功率表达式，设计基于负序电流的单相直流母线电压平衡控制策略，并提出分层分布式直流母线电压平衡控制方法，实现了输入级直流母线电压的自适应平衡；为了满足自适应功率控制器输入级的功能需求，还设计自适应无功和谐波补偿策略，以便满足系统需求；
3、设计高性能同步软件锁相策略和过电流保护策略。针对电力系统故障条件下准确锁相难的问题，设计基于超前校正的软件锁相环和基于重复控制技术的软件锁相环，提高故障条件下装置的动态性能和稳态特性；针对故障条件下装置过流问题，提出一种稳态过电流辅助控制器和暂态过电流抑制回路，提高了自适应功率控制器的故障生存能力；
4、设计自适应功率控制中间级多点直流母线电压控制策略。针对DC/DC变流器并联运行时直流电压波动问题，提出直流电压外环、电流有效值内环的快速平衡算法；针对模块并联运行功率不均分问题，设计基于电流有效值的均功率算法；针对中/高频变压器的偏磁问题，提出了分层复合偏磁抑制技术，提高自适应功率控制器的运行可靠性。
5、提出优质电力园区梯级供电方案。针对优质电力园区供电品质需求，设计基于自适应功率控制器的综合治理方案，提炼了优质电力园区对自适应功率控制器的主要功能需求，并在自适应功率控制器典型拓扑上进行了验证。
Adaptive power controller, as a new type of flexible distributiondevices, can meet the comprehensive requirements of smart distribution grid,resolve most of problems in medium-low voltage distribution network,supply special power services for users, and achieve the bumpless access ofdistributed generation, thereby which will enhance the stability, reliabilityand economy of power supplying system. In the domestic adaptive powercontroller is still in the stage of basic theory. This dissertation has focusedon the mathematical modeling and control strategy of the adaptive powercontroller, and the works and innovative achievements are as follows.
1. The continuous average mathematical model of adaptive powercontroller in the frequency domain is built up, and the impact of equipmentsand control parameters on the device overall performance are analyzed. Thedesign methods and principles of hardware parameters in adaptive powercontroller are suggested, under the affect of the optimization of controlobjectives, power constraints and nonlinear factor.
2. Integrated synchronous control strategy based on the positive andnegative sequence separation decoupling is established. The active powerand reactive power expression based on the average power definition arederived in detail for the DC bus voltage imbalance problem of cascadedconverter. A single phase DC bus voltage balance control strategy based onnegative sequence current is given, and a hierarchical distributed DC busvoltage balance control strategy to achieve the adaptive balance of DC busvoltage in input stage is designed in this paper. In order to satisfy thefunctional requirements of input stage in adaptive power controller, the adaptive reactive power and harmonic compensation strategies are built up,which can meet the requirements of power system.
3. The high performance software phase locked loop and overcurrentprotection strategy are studied. Owing to the difficult problem of accuratephase lock in fault conditions of power system, the enhanced phase lockedloops based on the lead-correction function and the repetitive controltechnique are developed, which improve the dynamic performance andsteady state characteristics of device under fault conditions. For theovercurrent problem in failure conditions, a steady overcurrent auxiliarycontroller and transient overcurrent suppression method are discussed,which improve the fault viability of adaptive power controller.
4. Multi-terminal DC bus voltage control strategy of adaptive powercontroller is built up. The fast balance algorithm including DC voltage outerloop and the current root mean square value (RMS) inner loop is proposedfor the problem of DC bus voltage fluctuation in DC/DC converter paralleloperation,. Due to the equalization power issue of parallel power module,the average power algorithm based on the current RMS is designed. Thelayered composite magnetic bias suppression strategy is raised for themagnetic bias of the medium/high frequency transformer, which improvethe operational reliability of adaptive power controller.
5. The cascaded power supplying scheme of Premium Power Park isproposed. Owing to the quality requirements for the power supplying ofPremium Power Park, the comprehensive solutions integrated adaptivepower controller is established, and the functional requirements of adaptivepower controller in Premium Power Park are extracted, which are verified inthe typical topology of adaptive power controller.
引文
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