正交异性钢桥面板疲劳设计参数和构造细节研究
摘要
正交异性钢桥面板作为一种结构形式,从应用以来其疲劳问题一直是桥梁建设中的关键点和研究热点,各国学者围绕运营过程出现的问题展开研究并取得了一系列研究成果。这些成果有效地解决了钢桥面板出现的一些问题,值得我们借鉴和吸收。从上世纪末到现在我国的大跨度钢桥迎来了大规模建设时期,就正交异性钢桥面板而言也处于不断出现问题和解决问题的过程,因此需要不断发现问题,在充分吸收国外研究成果的同时,针对我国国情,对钢桥面板的疲劳问题展开系统研究。
论文以钢桥面板的设计参数和构造细节为主线,从其受力特性、构造细节的疲劳性能、疲劳荷载、设计参数优化和抗疲劳设计方法等方面出发,通过梳理分析国内外相关规范和文献、开展实桥试验、足尺模型试验、构造细节试验、计算仿真分析和理论分析相结合的方式,对正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳问题进行研究。
论文主要研究成果如下:①分别对面板与纵肋腹板连接焊缝构造、横隔板弧形开口构造、纵肋嵌补段构造进行疲劳试验,各构造细节的疲劳抗力普遍略高于欧洲规范和日本规范。对主桁弦杆盖板栓接处与桥面不等厚对接焊构造细节采用预拉伸单元、目标单元和接触单元模拟高强螺栓连接摩擦面,首次实现栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析。②对多国关于疲劳荷载的相关研究进行对比分析,结合我国国情确定钢桥面板疲劳验算时的标准疲劳车模型、冲击系数和预测交通流量。③通过对9种钢桥面板有限元模型的计算结果分析,在面板厚度选取14~16 mm、纵肋厚8 mm、横隔板厚12 mm的情况下,研究确定了适宜的横隔板弧形开口形状。④通过提出的钢桥面板抗疲劳全寿命设计方法,引入保证率作为构造细节疲劳抗力方程的参数,体现了全寿命设计的思想。
论文有以下创新点:①实现栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析,对主桁弦杆盖板栓接处与桥面不等厚对接焊构造细节采用预拉伸单元、目标单元和接触单元模拟高强螺栓连接摩擦面,其计算值与实测值基本吻合。栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析能为栓焊混合构造细节的研究提供有效方法。②提出钢桥面板抗疲劳全寿命设计方法。该方法引入保证率作为构造细节疲劳抗力方程的参数,体现了全寿命设计的思想。该方法考虑钢桥面板各构造细节的重要性、替换周期及替换费用等因素,将论文研究的三种构造细节分为两类,在疲劳设计时,针对不同的分类构造采用不同保证率的疲劳抗力方程,从而实现全寿命设计。
Orthotropic deck as a structure style, its fatigue issues have been the key points and research focus in the bridge construction since its putting into use, scholars across the world have conducted researches on the problems arising in operating process and made a series of research results. These results have effectively solved some of the problems of deck, which are really worthy to learn and use. From the end of the century to now, large-span steel bridges are built in a large scale in China, in terms of the orthotropic deck, it is still in the process of problem-emerging and problem-solving, so we need to find problems continuously, fully incorporate the foreign research results and conduct systematic researches on the fatigue of deck according to the conditions in China.
In this paper, the fatigue issues of orthotropic deck are studied with the bridge deck design parameters and construction details as the main line, and from the aspects of the fatigue properties, fatigue loads, design parameters optimization and anti-fatigue design methods of the load bearing conditions and structure details, and through analysis of relevant standards and literature, carrying out real bridge test, full scale model test, structure details test, analog simulation analysis and a combination of theoretical analysis.
The main research results are as follows:①fatigue tests are carried out on the fillet weld between deck and longitudinal rib web, arc-shaped opening of diaphragm, the embedding section of rib, the fatigue resistances of various structural details are slightly higher than Eurocode3 and Japanese standards. In terms of the variable thickness butt welding structures between the bolted position of the main truss chord cover and the deck, the pre-stretch element, target element and contact element analogy high-strength bolts are used to connect the friction surface, which realizes the finite element analysis of the stress of mixed joints of bolt and welding for the first time.②Carry out contrast analysis of the related researches on fatigue loads by various countries, and determine standard fatigue truck model, impact factor for the bridge deck fatigue checking calculation and predict traffic flow in accordance with the situation of China.③Make analysis of the calculation results of the finite element model of nine kinds of bridge decks, when the thickness of the panel is selected between 14 ~ 16 mm, rib thickness is 8 mm, diaphragm thickness is 12 mm, the appropriate diaphragm arc shaped opening shape is studied and determined.④Through the proposed life circle design of deck fatigue resistance, the fraction is introduced to be as the parameter for fatigue resistance equation of structure detail, which reflects the thinking of the life circle design.
There are innovations in this paper:①In terms of the variable thickness butt welding structure between the bolted position of the main truss chord cover and the deck, the pre-stretch element, target element and contact element analogy high-strength bolts are used to connect the friction surface, which realizes the finite element analysis of the mixed joints of bolt-welding for the first time, which firstly realizes the finite element analysis of the stress of mixed joints of bolt-welding, its calculation results are basically consistent with measured values. The finite element analysis of the stress of bolt-welding joints provides efficient method for studies on the mixed structure details of bolt-welding.②Bring forward the life circle design method of deck fatigue resistance, and the fraction is introduced to be as the parameter for fatigue resistance equation of structure details, which reflects the thinking of the life circle design. The importance, replacement circle and cost for replacement and other factors of the various structure details of deck are taken into consideration, which divides the study of the paper into two categories, fatigue equations with different fractions are used for the different structure category, consequently achieve life circle design.
论文以钢桥面板的设计参数和构造细节为主线,从其受力特性、构造细节的疲劳性能、疲劳荷载、设计参数优化和抗疲劳设计方法等方面出发,通过梳理分析国内外相关规范和文献、开展实桥试验、足尺模型试验、构造细节试验、计算仿真分析和理论分析相结合的方式,对正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳问题进行研究。
论文主要研究成果如下:①分别对面板与纵肋腹板连接焊缝构造、横隔板弧形开口构造、纵肋嵌补段构造进行疲劳试验,各构造细节的疲劳抗力普遍略高于欧洲规范和日本规范。对主桁弦杆盖板栓接处与桥面不等厚对接焊构造细节采用预拉伸单元、目标单元和接触单元模拟高强螺栓连接摩擦面,首次实现栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析。②对多国关于疲劳荷载的相关研究进行对比分析,结合我国国情确定钢桥面板疲劳验算时的标准疲劳车模型、冲击系数和预测交通流量。③通过对9种钢桥面板有限元模型的计算结果分析,在面板厚度选取14~16 mm、纵肋厚8 mm、横隔板厚12 mm的情况下,研究确定了适宜的横隔板弧形开口形状。④通过提出的钢桥面板抗疲劳全寿命设计方法,引入保证率作为构造细节疲劳抗力方程的参数,体现了全寿命设计的思想。
论文有以下创新点:①实现栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析,对主桁弦杆盖板栓接处与桥面不等厚对接焊构造细节采用预拉伸单元、目标单元和接触单元模拟高强螺栓连接摩擦面,其计算值与实测值基本吻合。栓焊混合连接受力的有限元分析能为栓焊混合构造细节的研究提供有效方法。②提出钢桥面板抗疲劳全寿命设计方法。该方法引入保证率作为构造细节疲劳抗力方程的参数,体现了全寿命设计的思想。该方法考虑钢桥面板各构造细节的重要性、替换周期及替换费用等因素,将论文研究的三种构造细节分为两类,在疲劳设计时,针对不同的分类构造采用不同保证率的疲劳抗力方程,从而实现全寿命设计。
Orthotropic deck as a structure style, its fatigue issues have been the key points and research focus in the bridge construction since its putting into use, scholars across the world have conducted researches on the problems arising in operating process and made a series of research results. These results have effectively solved some of the problems of deck, which are really worthy to learn and use. From the end of the century to now, large-span steel bridges are built in a large scale in China, in terms of the orthotropic deck, it is still in the process of problem-emerging and problem-solving, so we need to find problems continuously, fully incorporate the foreign research results and conduct systematic researches on the fatigue of deck according to the conditions in China.
In this paper, the fatigue issues of orthotropic deck are studied with the bridge deck design parameters and construction details as the main line, and from the aspects of the fatigue properties, fatigue loads, design parameters optimization and anti-fatigue design methods of the load bearing conditions and structure details, and through analysis of relevant standards and literature, carrying out real bridge test, full scale model test, structure details test, analog simulation analysis and a combination of theoretical analysis.
The main research results are as follows:①fatigue tests are carried out on the fillet weld between deck and longitudinal rib web, arc-shaped opening of diaphragm, the embedding section of rib, the fatigue resistances of various structural details are slightly higher than Eurocode3 and Japanese standards. In terms of the variable thickness butt welding structures between the bolted position of the main truss chord cover and the deck, the pre-stretch element, target element and contact element analogy high-strength bolts are used to connect the friction surface, which realizes the finite element analysis of the stress of mixed joints of bolt and welding for the first time.②Carry out contrast analysis of the related researches on fatigue loads by various countries, and determine standard fatigue truck model, impact factor for the bridge deck fatigue checking calculation and predict traffic flow in accordance with the situation of China.③Make analysis of the calculation results of the finite element model of nine kinds of bridge decks, when the thickness of the panel is selected between 14 ~ 16 mm, rib thickness is 8 mm, diaphragm thickness is 12 mm, the appropriate diaphragm arc shaped opening shape is studied and determined.④Through the proposed life circle design of deck fatigue resistance, the fraction is introduced to be as the parameter for fatigue resistance equation of structure detail, which reflects the thinking of the life circle design.
There are innovations in this paper:①In terms of the variable thickness butt welding structure between the bolted position of the main truss chord cover and the deck, the pre-stretch element, target element and contact element analogy high-strength bolts are used to connect the friction surface, which realizes the finite element analysis of the mixed joints of bolt-welding for the first time, which firstly realizes the finite element analysis of the stress of mixed joints of bolt-welding, its calculation results are basically consistent with measured values. The finite element analysis of the stress of bolt-welding joints provides efficient method for studies on the mixed structure details of bolt-welding.②Bring forward the life circle design method of deck fatigue resistance, and the fraction is introduced to be as the parameter for fatigue resistance equation of structure details, which reflects the thinking of the life circle design. The importance, replacement circle and cost for replacement and other factors of the various structure details of deck are taken into consideration, which divides the study of the paper into two categories, fatigue equations with different fractions are used for the different structure category, consequently achieve life circle design.
引文
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