供应链知识共享影响因素研究
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摘要
知识经济时代,知识已日益成为关键性的生产要素。供应链中有效的知识交流与共享是企业及其所在供应链获取和提升核心竞争力的重要途径之一。但是供应链知识共享受很多因素的影响和制约,这些因素正向或负向地影响着供应链知识共享工作。识别和研究这些因素将有助于促进供应链知识共享活动的开展,更好地实现知识在各企业之间的转移和吸收,提升整个供应链的知识利用水平。本文围绕供应链知识共享影响因素研究开展了如下工作：
首先,本文在对现有文献研究的基础上,针对供应链知识共享影响因素的复杂性,提出了四维度框架模型。论文运用系统工程的理论和思想,将影响因素系统进行子系统的划分,把供应链知识共享影响因素系统划分为意图愿望影响因素维、共享能力影响因素维、共享实施影响因素维和知识特性影响因素维四个维度的子系统。使对供应链知识共享影响因素的研究既能站在一个系统、全面的高度上进行,又能细致深入地研究下去。
其次,分别构建了意图愿望维、共享能力维、共享实施维和知识特性维四个假设模型。四个模型共有28个主要影响因素,44个研究假设。同时也开发了相应的测量量表。采用问卷调查的方式获取研究数据,对研究的四个模型及其假设进行了实证分析。结果表明知识共享的意愿、供应链企业目标一致性、供应链成员间的合作水平、激励机制、授权式的领导风格、企业的知识转移能力、企业吸收能力、知识共享平台的建立、供应链企业间的沟通等都对知识共享有着显著的正向影响；而知识的隐性、知识的嵌入性、知识的复杂性、供应链成员间的文化差异等对供应链知识共享有显著的负向影响；同时,激励机制、供应链成员间的信任、共享成本、人力资本水平、企业知识基础、供应链成员间的组织距离、知识共享平台的建立等变量分别通过共享意愿、吸收能力、沟通三个中介变量来影响着供应链知识共享。
最后,论文在得出研究结论的基础上,为促进供应链知识共享提出了相关的建议。
本研究的主要贡献是：(1)针对供应链知识共享影响因素的复杂性,提出了四维度框架模型。(2)构建了供应链知识共享影响因素的四个子系统模型。(3)针对供应链跨组织知识管理的特点,设计开发了供应链知识共享影响因素的测量量表。(4)对供应链知识共享影响因素模型进行了实证。
In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge has become a key factor of production.Effective knowledge exchange and sharing has become an important approach for an enterprise and its supply chain to enhance the capability to obtain and improve its core competitiveness.But supply chain knowledge sharing is influenced and restricted by many factors, which have positive or negative impact on supply chain knowledge sharing.Identifying and studying these factors will facilitate the promotion of knowledge activities as well as the utilization level of the knowledge in the supply chain. Besides, it can make better the knowledge transfer and absorbing among enterprises.This paper focuses on the study of the factors which influence the supply chain knowledge sharing and do a lot work as follows:
Firstly, this paper puts forward four-dimensional theory frame model focusing on the complexity of factors which influence the supply chain knowledge sharing,based on the study of the existing literature research.Classifing the influence factor system to four subsystems by the theories of system engineering,called decision-making dimension, capacity dimension, knowledge dimension and implementation dimension. Thus make the supply chain knowledge sharing influence factors of research stand on a systematic, comprehensive height.
Secondly, the paper comes up with a four-dimensional model which contains decision-making dimension, capacity dimension, knowledge dimension and implementation dimension. Four models contain 28 main factors and 44 research hypotheses. At the same time the corresponding measurement scales are developed. Surveying questionnaire is the way to collect data, and the paper analysis of the four models as well as its hypotheses in empirical. The results show that the willingness to share knowledge, goal congruence of enterprises on the supply chain, the level of cooperation among members, incentive mechanism, authorized leadership style, enterprises'capabilities to transfer knowledge, absorptive capacity, establishment of the platform for knowledge-sharing and communication between members all have a significant and positive effect on knowledge sharing;However tacit knowledge, embedded knowledge, complexity of knowledge, cultural differences between members on the supply chain all have a significant but negative effect on knowledge sharing. Meanwhile, the variables such as incentive mechanism, the trust among members on the supply chain, sharing costs, the level of human capital, corporate knowledge base, the organization distance between members, establishment of the platform for knowledge-sharing and etc., impact on knowledge sharing through three mediating variables which are shared intention, absorptive capacity and communication.
Finally, the paper comes up with some management implications, as well as some suggestions to promote knowledge sharing in the supply chain based on the conclusions.
There are four main contribution of the study:(1) According to the complexity of the knowledge sharing in the supply chain, it comes up with the theoretical framework which contains four dimensions. (2) It constructs four subsystem models of factors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain. (3) It develops the measurement scales of actors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain. (4) It verifies the factors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain.
首先,本文在对现有文献研究的基础上,针对供应链知识共享影响因素的复杂性,提出了四维度框架模型。论文运用系统工程的理论和思想,将影响因素系统进行子系统的划分,把供应链知识共享影响因素系统划分为意图愿望影响因素维、共享能力影响因素维、共享实施影响因素维和知识特性影响因素维四个维度的子系统。使对供应链知识共享影响因素的研究既能站在一个系统、全面的高度上进行,又能细致深入地研究下去。
其次,分别构建了意图愿望维、共享能力维、共享实施维和知识特性维四个假设模型。四个模型共有28个主要影响因素,44个研究假设。同时也开发了相应的测量量表。采用问卷调查的方式获取研究数据,对研究的四个模型及其假设进行了实证分析。结果表明知识共享的意愿、供应链企业目标一致性、供应链成员间的合作水平、激励机制、授权式的领导风格、企业的知识转移能力、企业吸收能力、知识共享平台的建立、供应链企业间的沟通等都对知识共享有着显著的正向影响；而知识的隐性、知识的嵌入性、知识的复杂性、供应链成员间的文化差异等对供应链知识共享有显著的负向影响；同时,激励机制、供应链成员间的信任、共享成本、人力资本水平、企业知识基础、供应链成员间的组织距离、知识共享平台的建立等变量分别通过共享意愿、吸收能力、沟通三个中介变量来影响着供应链知识共享。
最后,论文在得出研究结论的基础上,为促进供应链知识共享提出了相关的建议。
本研究的主要贡献是：(1)针对供应链知识共享影响因素的复杂性,提出了四维度框架模型。(2)构建了供应链知识共享影响因素的四个子系统模型。(3)针对供应链跨组织知识管理的特点,设计开发了供应链知识共享影响因素的测量量表。(4)对供应链知识共享影响因素模型进行了实证。
In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge has become a key factor of production.Effective knowledge exchange and sharing has become an important approach for an enterprise and its supply chain to enhance the capability to obtain and improve its core competitiveness.But supply chain knowledge sharing is influenced and restricted by many factors, which have positive or negative impact on supply chain knowledge sharing.Identifying and studying these factors will facilitate the promotion of knowledge activities as well as the utilization level of the knowledge in the supply chain. Besides, it can make better the knowledge transfer and absorbing among enterprises.This paper focuses on the study of the factors which influence the supply chain knowledge sharing and do a lot work as follows:
Firstly, this paper puts forward four-dimensional theory frame model focusing on the complexity of factors which influence the supply chain knowledge sharing,based on the study of the existing literature research.Classifing the influence factor system to four subsystems by the theories of system engineering,called decision-making dimension, capacity dimension, knowledge dimension and implementation dimension. Thus make the supply chain knowledge sharing influence factors of research stand on a systematic, comprehensive height.
Secondly, the paper comes up with a four-dimensional model which contains decision-making dimension, capacity dimension, knowledge dimension and implementation dimension. Four models contain 28 main factors and 44 research hypotheses. At the same time the corresponding measurement scales are developed. Surveying questionnaire is the way to collect data, and the paper analysis of the four models as well as its hypotheses in empirical. The results show that the willingness to share knowledge, goal congruence of enterprises on the supply chain, the level of cooperation among members, incentive mechanism, authorized leadership style, enterprises'capabilities to transfer knowledge, absorptive capacity, establishment of the platform for knowledge-sharing and communication between members all have a significant and positive effect on knowledge sharing;However tacit knowledge, embedded knowledge, complexity of knowledge, cultural differences between members on the supply chain all have a significant but negative effect on knowledge sharing. Meanwhile, the variables such as incentive mechanism, the trust among members on the supply chain, sharing costs, the level of human capital, corporate knowledge base, the organization distance between members, establishment of the platform for knowledge-sharing and etc., impact on knowledge sharing through three mediating variables which are shared intention, absorptive capacity and communication.
Finally, the paper comes up with some management implications, as well as some suggestions to promote knowledge sharing in the supply chain based on the conclusions.
There are four main contribution of the study:(1) According to the complexity of the knowledge sharing in the supply chain, it comes up with the theoretical framework which contains four dimensions. (2) It constructs four subsystem models of factors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain. (3) It develops the measurement scales of actors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain. (4) It verifies the factors influencing knowledge sharing in supply chain.
引文
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