蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体受力性能试验与理论研究
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摘要
蒸压粉煤灰砖具有低碳、节能、利废等优点。早期由于生产工艺等原因,蒸压粉煤灰砖的耐久性较差,使其使用受到限制。通过对压制成型等工艺环节的改进,砖的强度和耐久性有了很大提高。为了合理地应用经高压多次排气压制成的蒸压粉煤灰砖,及为编制中国工程建设标准化协会标准《蒸压粉煤灰砖建筑技术规范》提供试验及理论依据,本文做了如下工作：
(1)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体的轴心受压力学性能。对45个砌体试件进行试验,考虑了由砂浆强度对砌体抗压强度的影响,以及与烧结粘土砖砌体的受压性能进行对比。对受压砌体的工作机理进行分析,根据数理统计法和弹性理论分析法建立蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗压强度平均值计算公式。并给出了蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗压计算的设计指标。
(2)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体沿通缝截面的受剪力学性能。对78个砌体试件进行通缝抗剪试验。考虑了不同强度等级普通砂浆和专用砂浆对砌体抗剪强度的影响,并与烧结粘土砖砌体的抗剪性能对比。结合现有规范和可靠度理论给出抗剪计算的设计指标并分别提出专用砂浆砌筑及普通砂浆砌筑的蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗剪强度平均值计算公式。
(3)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体本构关系。基于试验测得应力—应变曲线,并与国内外相关研究进行对比分析,按对数函数形式和多项式形式提出蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体的本构关系表达式。通过对试验数据的数理统计分析,给出蒸压粉煤灰实心砖和多孔砖砌体弹性模量及泊松比设计指标。
(4)研究偏心率对蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体受压力学性能的影响。对52个砌体试件进行偏心受压试验,研究偏心率对试件的受力与变形性能、破坏过程及特征的影响。并与烧结粘土砖砌体进行对比。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对砌体偏心受压进行数值模拟。根据平截面假定,结合砌体偏心受压试验和数值模拟研究,提出蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体偏心受压承载力计算公式。确定了蒸压粉煤灰砖受压构件偏心距限值的取值。
(5)研究高厚比对蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体长柱受压性能的影响。对不同高厚比的21个砌体长柱试件进行轴心受压试验,了解砌体轴心受压长柱的破坏特征以及高厚比对承载力影响的变化规律。分析荷载—挠度曲线、荷载—轴向变形曲线及应力-应变曲线的开展规律。并与烧结粘土砖长柱的力学性能进行对比。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对砌体长柱的受力性能进行数值模拟。并将承载力实测值、模拟值与现行规范公式计算值进行对比,确定了蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体长柱轴心受压承载力计算公式及允许高厚比取值。
Autoclaved fly ash brick has many advantages, for example, low carbon, energy-saving, recycling, etc. Due to backward production technology, the durability of brick is bad in the early days. So its use is limited. At present, through improving the pressure molding process, the strength and durability of bricks are improved. In order to properly apply the new autoclaved fly ash brick, and provide test and theoretical basis for compiling "Technical code for autoclaved fly ash brick buildings", the following jobs are done in this paper:
The autoclaved fly ash brick masonry axial compressive performances are researched based on experiment. That the mortar strength influence on the compressive strength of masonry is considered. And the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. There are 45 masonry specimens in test. The working mechanism of compressive masonry are analyzed. Autoclaved fly ash brick bricks masonry compressive strength calculation formula are given according to statistics and elasticity theory. And design index of compressive calculation of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry are given.
The shear performances of along the seam section are research. Normal mortar and special mortar of different strength grade are compared in test. There are 78 masonry specimens in test. And the shear properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. Shear strength calculation formula of autoclaved fly ash bricks masonry are given. And the design index of shear calculation of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry are given.
The constitutive relationship of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is researched. According to measured stress-strain curve and compared with the domestic and foreign relevant research, constitutive relationship expression of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is given with the logarithm function forms and polynomial form. Design index of elastic modulus and poisson's ratio of autoclaved fly ash solid and perforated bricks masonry are given by the mathematical statistical analysing of the test datas.
The influence of eccentricity on compressive performances of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is researched.52 masonry samples are tested. The stress and deformation performances, failure process and features are studied. And the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. ANSYS finite element analysis software is used for simulating masonry subjected to eccentric load. By theoretical and statistic analysing test and simulate datas, the formula of eccentric bearing capacity of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is given, and the eccentricity limits is also given.
The influence of ratio of height to sectional thickness on compressive performances of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry long columns are researched. Firstly, compression tests were conducted on 21 samples of masonry column with different ratio of height to sectional thickness. Failure process and variation rules are researched. The development regular of load-deflection curves, load-axial deformation curves and stress-strain relations are researched. Secondly, the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry long columns. Again, ANSYS is used for simulating masonry long columns subjected to axial load. Finally, The formula of masonry long column axial compressive bearing capacity is given by comparing test and simulate datas to code formula calculation values, and the allowed ratio of height to sectional thickness of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry long column component is also given.
(1)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体的轴心受压力学性能。对45个砌体试件进行试验,考虑了由砂浆强度对砌体抗压强度的影响,以及与烧结粘土砖砌体的受压性能进行对比。对受压砌体的工作机理进行分析,根据数理统计法和弹性理论分析法建立蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗压强度平均值计算公式。并给出了蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗压计算的设计指标。
(2)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体沿通缝截面的受剪力学性能。对78个砌体试件进行通缝抗剪试验。考虑了不同强度等级普通砂浆和专用砂浆对砌体抗剪强度的影响,并与烧结粘土砖砌体的抗剪性能对比。结合现有规范和可靠度理论给出抗剪计算的设计指标并分别提出专用砂浆砌筑及普通砂浆砌筑的蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体抗剪强度平均值计算公式。
(3)研究蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体本构关系。基于试验测得应力—应变曲线,并与国内外相关研究进行对比分析,按对数函数形式和多项式形式提出蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体的本构关系表达式。通过对试验数据的数理统计分析,给出蒸压粉煤灰实心砖和多孔砖砌体弹性模量及泊松比设计指标。
(4)研究偏心率对蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体受压力学性能的影响。对52个砌体试件进行偏心受压试验,研究偏心率对试件的受力与变形性能、破坏过程及特征的影响。并与烧结粘土砖砌体进行对比。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对砌体偏心受压进行数值模拟。根据平截面假定,结合砌体偏心受压试验和数值模拟研究,提出蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体偏心受压承载力计算公式。确定了蒸压粉煤灰砖受压构件偏心距限值的取值。
(5)研究高厚比对蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体长柱受压性能的影响。对不同高厚比的21个砌体长柱试件进行轴心受压试验,了解砌体轴心受压长柱的破坏特征以及高厚比对承载力影响的变化规律。分析荷载—挠度曲线、荷载—轴向变形曲线及应力-应变曲线的开展规律。并与烧结粘土砖长柱的力学性能进行对比。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对砌体长柱的受力性能进行数值模拟。并将承载力实测值、模拟值与现行规范公式计算值进行对比,确定了蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体长柱轴心受压承载力计算公式及允许高厚比取值。
Autoclaved fly ash brick has many advantages, for example, low carbon, energy-saving, recycling, etc. Due to backward production technology, the durability of brick is bad in the early days. So its use is limited. At present, through improving the pressure molding process, the strength and durability of bricks are improved. In order to properly apply the new autoclaved fly ash brick, and provide test and theoretical basis for compiling "Technical code for autoclaved fly ash brick buildings", the following jobs are done in this paper:
The autoclaved fly ash brick masonry axial compressive performances are researched based on experiment. That the mortar strength influence on the compressive strength of masonry is considered. And the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. There are 45 masonry specimens in test. The working mechanism of compressive masonry are analyzed. Autoclaved fly ash brick bricks masonry compressive strength calculation formula are given according to statistics and elasticity theory. And design index of compressive calculation of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry are given.
The shear performances of along the seam section are research. Normal mortar and special mortar of different strength grade are compared in test. There are 78 masonry specimens in test. And the shear properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. Shear strength calculation formula of autoclaved fly ash bricks masonry are given. And the design index of shear calculation of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry are given.
The constitutive relationship of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is researched. According to measured stress-strain curve and compared with the domestic and foreign relevant research, constitutive relationship expression of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is given with the logarithm function forms and polynomial form. Design index of elastic modulus and poisson's ratio of autoclaved fly ash solid and perforated bricks masonry are given by the mathematical statistical analysing of the test datas.
The influence of eccentricity on compressive performances of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is researched.52 masonry samples are tested. The stress and deformation performances, failure process and features are studied. And the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry. ANSYS finite element analysis software is used for simulating masonry subjected to eccentric load. By theoretical and statistic analysing test and simulate datas, the formula of eccentric bearing capacity of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry is given, and the eccentricity limits is also given.
The influence of ratio of height to sectional thickness on compressive performances of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry long columns are researched. Firstly, compression tests were conducted on 21 samples of masonry column with different ratio of height to sectional thickness. Failure process and variation rules are researched. The development regular of load-deflection curves, load-axial deformation curves and stress-strain relations are researched. Secondly, the mechanical properties are compared with fired clay brick masonry long columns. Again, ANSYS is used for simulating masonry long columns subjected to axial load. Finally, The formula of masonry long column axial compressive bearing capacity is given by comparing test and simulate datas to code formula calculation values, and the allowed ratio of height to sectional thickness of autoclaved fly ash brick masonry long column component is also given.
引文
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