建筑设计的生态效益观研究
|
摘要
人类历史开始于大约300万年以前。从起初的以狩猎采集为主的原始生产方式,到如今的自动化、工业化生产,人类社会一直在不断地进步。但是在不断满足自身需求的同时,人类无节制地向自然索取,严重破坏了我们赖以生存的自然生态环境。资源与环境成为了全球现代化进程大车轮下的“冤魂”。资源短缺、能源危机、环境污染等问题日益凸现。片面注重经济发展和物质享受的结果也导致了对于传统的遗弃和人文关怀的丧失。
本文通过对现实问题的剖析,结合对可持续发展、恢复生态学、生态足迹和系统论等相关学科的理论知识进行分析研究,提出了建筑生态效益的基本理论,通过对生态效益的理论溯源分析和对生态效益与建筑的密切关联的探寻,解析建筑生态效益的理论内涵,并对建筑生态效益的特征进行分析,开辟建筑设计新视野。文章基于对建筑复合系统生态流结构的分析,提出了建筑生态效益的系统协同生成,并通过对生态流结构分析和协同机理的解析,提出和分析了建筑系统生态关系四面体,揭示价值观与生态流(物质流、能量流和信息流)的相互关系和在生态流协同作用时的引导作用,进而提出分别基于能量流、物质流和信息流的三个方面的调控来促进建筑生态效益的生成,并由此提出了建筑生态效益的协同生成机制。
论文提出了建筑生态效益的自然价值实现,分析自然要素和自然价值的内涵及其与建筑生态效益的紧密联系,指出建筑的建造过程就是一个自然价值不断地向人工环境内化的过程,继而提出两个设计策略,一个是基于发挥自然内在价值的自然与建筑的互融设计,一个是基于发挥自然系统价值的响应自然规律的建筑设计策略。论文提出了建筑生态效益的生态福利体现,并阐释了生态福利的基本内涵和特点,强调生态福利才是人类幸福感的真正源泉。论文将契合生态福利理念的能值分析理论引入到建筑生态效益表达中,并提出以能值流代替货币流作为串联整个价值体系的衡量尺度,能更准确地表达生态福利理念对于自然价值的重视。同时提出以生态福利为导向的建筑生态效益边际分析。提出表征建筑生态效益弹性的k值,来体现建筑活动中收益的变化量随成本变化而变化的程度,继而提出三种建筑生态效益表现形式,并通过边际分析指出低成本高收益形式最能体现生态福利和建筑生态效益的本质。最后提出了体现生态福利的建筑设计策略。
本文从人与自然和谐共生的角度出发,阐释了建筑生态效益的理论内涵,强调建筑设计的生态效益观的重要作用,并基于此提出了建筑生态效益的系统协同生成、建筑生态效益的自然价值实现以及建筑生态效益的生态福利体现,以期为当前正在蓬勃开展的可持续发展和人居环境的设计和研究带来有益的启示和指导。
The human history starts about three million years ago. From the originalproduction methods based mainly on hunting and gathering to the automatic andindustrial production nowadays, human society has been progressing unceasingly.While meeting own need continuously, human request to the nature immoderately,destroyed our natural environment on which we rely for survival gravely. Resourcesand environment have become the“ghost”under the wheel of the globalmodernization process. Some problem become marked gradually such as shortageof resources, energy crisis and environmental pollution. The one-sided pursuit ofeconomic development and material comfort had lead to deserting tradition and theloss of human care .
The text brings forward the basic theory of architectural ecological benefit byanalysing the realistic problems and studying the theoretical knowledge of relateddisciplines such as sustainable development, restoration ecology, ecologicalfootprint and system theory. Dissecting the theory connotation of architecturalecological benefit by analyzing the source traces of ecological benefit andexploring the close relationship between buildings and ecological benefit, andanalyzing the architectural ecological benefit’s characteristics, opening up newvision of architectural design. The paper puts forward the system coordinationgeneration, and advances and analyzes ecological relationship tetrahedron of thebuilding system based on the analysis of the ecological flow structure in thebuilding complex systems and the ecological flow’s coordination mechanism, andreveals the correlations between values and ecological flows (material flow, energyflow and information flow) and its guidance in the synergy of ecological flow. Thenproposing that promoting the generation of architectural ecological benefit based onthe regulation of energy flow, material flow and information flow respectively. Thepaper thereby proposes the coordination generation mechanism of architecturalecological benefit.
The paper brings forward the natural value realization of architecturalecological benefit, analyzes the natural elements and natural value’s connotationand its close link with architectural ecological benefit, points out that a building’sprocess of construction is a process that natural value is internalized into the man-made environment continuously, then proposes two design strategies, one is themutual fusion design strategy of the nature and buildings based on bringing thenatural inherent value into play, and one is the architectural design strategy toresponding to natural operating law based on bringing the natural system value into play. The paper brings forward the ecological welfare embodiment of architecturalecological benefit, and expounds its basic connotation and characteristic, andemphasizes that the ecological welfare is the true source of human happiness. Thepaper proposes that bringing the emergy theory which is correspond to theecological welfare idea into the architectural ecological benefit’s expression, andproposing the emergy flow is the measuring scale which connect the entire valuesystem in place of money flow, which can express that the ecological welfareconcepts takes the natural value seriously. Moreover bringing forward the marginalanalysis of architectural ecological benefit which takes the ecology welfare as theguidance, proposeing k value which indicates the flexibility of architecturalecological benefit, and reflects the income’s change scope with the cost’variation inthe construction activities, then proposes three architectural ecological benefit’sforms of expression, and points out the form of low-cost high-income can bestembody the essence of ecological welfare and archtectural ecological benefit bymarginal value analysis. Proposing architectural design strategy reflecting theecological welfare finally.
From the view of the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, thepaper illuminates the theory connotation of the architectural ecological benefit,emphasizes the important role of the ecological benefit concepts of the architecturaldesign, and based on this, puts forword the system coordination generation ofarchitectural ecological benefit, the natural value realization of architecturalecological benefit and the ecological welfare embodiment of architecturalecological benefit, looks forward to bringing the beneficial enlightenment and theinstruction for the vigorous study on the sustainable development and humanenvironment design.
本文通过对现实问题的剖析,结合对可持续发展、恢复生态学、生态足迹和系统论等相关学科的理论知识进行分析研究,提出了建筑生态效益的基本理论,通过对生态效益的理论溯源分析和对生态效益与建筑的密切关联的探寻,解析建筑生态效益的理论内涵,并对建筑生态效益的特征进行分析,开辟建筑设计新视野。文章基于对建筑复合系统生态流结构的分析,提出了建筑生态效益的系统协同生成,并通过对生态流结构分析和协同机理的解析,提出和分析了建筑系统生态关系四面体,揭示价值观与生态流(物质流、能量流和信息流)的相互关系和在生态流协同作用时的引导作用,进而提出分别基于能量流、物质流和信息流的三个方面的调控来促进建筑生态效益的生成,并由此提出了建筑生态效益的协同生成机制。
论文提出了建筑生态效益的自然价值实现,分析自然要素和自然价值的内涵及其与建筑生态效益的紧密联系,指出建筑的建造过程就是一个自然价值不断地向人工环境内化的过程,继而提出两个设计策略,一个是基于发挥自然内在价值的自然与建筑的互融设计,一个是基于发挥自然系统价值的响应自然规律的建筑设计策略。论文提出了建筑生态效益的生态福利体现,并阐释了生态福利的基本内涵和特点,强调生态福利才是人类幸福感的真正源泉。论文将契合生态福利理念的能值分析理论引入到建筑生态效益表达中,并提出以能值流代替货币流作为串联整个价值体系的衡量尺度,能更准确地表达生态福利理念对于自然价值的重视。同时提出以生态福利为导向的建筑生态效益边际分析。提出表征建筑生态效益弹性的k值,来体现建筑活动中收益的变化量随成本变化而变化的程度,继而提出三种建筑生态效益表现形式,并通过边际分析指出低成本高收益形式最能体现生态福利和建筑生态效益的本质。最后提出了体现生态福利的建筑设计策略。
本文从人与自然和谐共生的角度出发,阐释了建筑生态效益的理论内涵,强调建筑设计的生态效益观的重要作用,并基于此提出了建筑生态效益的系统协同生成、建筑生态效益的自然价值实现以及建筑生态效益的生态福利体现,以期为当前正在蓬勃开展的可持续发展和人居环境的设计和研究带来有益的启示和指导。
The human history starts about three million years ago. From the originalproduction methods based mainly on hunting and gathering to the automatic andindustrial production nowadays, human society has been progressing unceasingly.While meeting own need continuously, human request to the nature immoderately,destroyed our natural environment on which we rely for survival gravely. Resourcesand environment have become the“ghost”under the wheel of the globalmodernization process. Some problem become marked gradually such as shortageof resources, energy crisis and environmental pollution. The one-sided pursuit ofeconomic development and material comfort had lead to deserting tradition and theloss of human care .
The text brings forward the basic theory of architectural ecological benefit byanalysing the realistic problems and studying the theoretical knowledge of relateddisciplines such as sustainable development, restoration ecology, ecologicalfootprint and system theory. Dissecting the theory connotation of architecturalecological benefit by analyzing the source traces of ecological benefit andexploring the close relationship between buildings and ecological benefit, andanalyzing the architectural ecological benefit’s characteristics, opening up newvision of architectural design. The paper puts forward the system coordinationgeneration, and advances and analyzes ecological relationship tetrahedron of thebuilding system based on the analysis of the ecological flow structure in thebuilding complex systems and the ecological flow’s coordination mechanism, andreveals the correlations between values and ecological flows (material flow, energyflow and information flow) and its guidance in the synergy of ecological flow. Thenproposing that promoting the generation of architectural ecological benefit based onthe regulation of energy flow, material flow and information flow respectively. Thepaper thereby proposes the coordination generation mechanism of architecturalecological benefit.
The paper brings forward the natural value realization of architecturalecological benefit, analyzes the natural elements and natural value’s connotationand its close link with architectural ecological benefit, points out that a building’sprocess of construction is a process that natural value is internalized into the man-made environment continuously, then proposes two design strategies, one is themutual fusion design strategy of the nature and buildings based on bringing thenatural inherent value into play, and one is the architectural design strategy toresponding to natural operating law based on bringing the natural system value into play. The paper brings forward the ecological welfare embodiment of architecturalecological benefit, and expounds its basic connotation and characteristic, andemphasizes that the ecological welfare is the true source of human happiness. Thepaper proposes that bringing the emergy theory which is correspond to theecological welfare idea into the architectural ecological benefit’s expression, andproposing the emergy flow is the measuring scale which connect the entire valuesystem in place of money flow, which can express that the ecological welfareconcepts takes the natural value seriously. Moreover bringing forward the marginalanalysis of architectural ecological benefit which takes the ecology welfare as theguidance, proposeing k value which indicates the flexibility of architecturalecological benefit, and reflects the income’s change scope with the cost’variation inthe construction activities, then proposes three architectural ecological benefit’sforms of expression, and points out the form of low-cost high-income can bestembody the essence of ecological welfare and archtectural ecological benefit bymarginal value analysis. Proposing architectural design strategy reflecting theecological welfare finally.
From the view of the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, thepaper illuminates the theory connotation of the architectural ecological benefit,emphasizes the important role of the ecological benefit concepts of the architecturaldesign, and based on this, puts forword the system coordination generation ofarchitectural ecological benefit, the natural value realization of architecturalecological benefit and the ecological welfare embodiment of architecturalecological benefit, looks forward to bringing the beneficial enlightenment and theinstruction for the vigorous study on the sustainable development and humanenvironment design.
引文
[1] Turner B L, Clark W C, Kates R W, et al. The Earth as Transformed by HumanAction: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere Over the Past 300Years[M]. Cambridge :Cambridge University Press, 1990: 7.
[2]林宪德.绿色建筑[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007: 6-7,13,55,56-57,115.
[3]唐奈勒·H·梅多斯,丹尼斯·L·梅多斯,约恩·兰德斯.超越极限—正视全球性崩溃,展望可持续的未来[M].赵煦,周欣华等,译.上海:上海译文出版社, 2001:151.
[4] Desonie D, Climate:Causes and Effects of Climate Change[M]. New York:Chelsea House Publishers, 2008: 63.
[5]蕾切尔·卡逊.寂静的春天[M].吕瑞兰,李长生,译.长春:吉林人民出版社,1997.12.
[6]米都斯,等.增长的极限—罗马俱乐部关于人类困境的报告[M].李宝恒,译.长春:吉林人民出版社, 1997.12.
[7]康芒纳.封闭的循环—自然、人和技术[M].侯文蕙,译.长春:吉林人民出版社, 1997.12.
[8]舒马赫E F.小的是美好的[M].李华夏,译.南京:译林出版社, 2007.1.
[9] Odum H T. Embodied Energy, Foreign Trade, and Welfare of Nations[C]//Ann-Mari Jansson. Integrations of Economy and Ecology, an Outlook for theEighties. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm University Press, 1984:185-200.
[10] Odum H T. Enmergy in Ecosystems[C]// N. Polunin. In EnvironmentalMonographs and Symposia. New York: John Wiley Press, 1986:337-369.
[11] Odum H T. and Arding J E. Emergy Analysis of Shrimp Mariculture inEcuador[R]. Working Paper prepared for the Coastal Resources Center.Narragansett: Univ. of Rhode Island. 1991.
[12] Costanza R, Arge R, Groot R. The Value of the World's Ecosystem Servicesand Natural Capital[J]. Nature, 1997(5): 253-259.
[13]中国建筑科学研究院.绿色建筑技术导则[S].建设部,科技部. 2005.10.
[14]李金昌,姜文来,靳乐山,等.生态价值论[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1999.
[15]韦惠兰,夏锋,袁志伟,张宏亮.自然保护区生态效益计量及评估—以甘肃白水江自然保护区为例[J].生态经济, 2004(1): 30-31.
[16]宋彩平.基于GIS的森林生态效益空间分析研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学管理学博士学位论文, 2005: 25.
[17]范亚民.城郊绿地系统生态效益研究—以南宁青秀山为例[D].长沙:中南林学院生态学硕士学位论文. 2003.
[18]龚传洋.林业生态效益和社会效益估算[D].福州:福州大学统计学硕士学位论文, 2005:6.
[19]哈肯.协同学—大自然构成的奥秘[M].凌复华,译.上海,上海世纪出版社,2005.12:67.
[20] Bauer M, M?sle P, Schwarz M. Green Building-Guidebook for SustainableArchitecture 2009[M]. New York: Springer Publisher, 2009: 10, 27.
[21] Brundtland G H. et al. Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press,1987: 7.
[22]丁圣彦主编.生态学—面向人类生存环境的科学价值观[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004: 375.
[23] Sebestyen G. New Architecture and Technology[M]. London: ArchitecturalPress, 2003: 135.
[24] Jordan WⅢ, Gilpin M E, Aber J D. Restoration Ecology: A SyntheticApproach to Ecological Research [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University, 1987:1-42.
[25]任海,彭少麟.恢复生态学导论[M].北京:科学出版社, 2003: 3-4,14.
[26]彭少麟,陆宏芳.恢复生态学焦点问题[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(7): 1249-1257.
[27] Rees W E. Revisiting Carrying Capacity: Area-based Indicators ofSustainability[M]. Population Environment, 1996(3): 195-215.
[28] Wackernagel M, Onistol L, Bello P,National Natural Capital Accounting withthe Ecological Footprint Concept[J]. Ecological Economics, 1999,29(3): 357-390.
[29] Wackernagel M, Rees W E. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impacton the Earth. Gabriola Island :New Society Publishers, 1996:43
[30]陶在朴.生态包袱与生态足迹—可持续发展的重量及面积观念[M].北京:经济科学出版社, 2003: 113,115,162.
[31] Maczulak A. Renewable Energy: Sources and Methods[M]. New York :Factson File Publishers, 2009.11:4.
[32] World Wide Fund For Nature. Living Planet Report 2006 [R]. 2006: 1-2.
[33] Schmidt F.人类需要多大的世界MIPS—生态经济的有效尺度[M].吴晓东,翁端,译.北京:清华大学出版社, 2003.5:14-17.
[34]王青,丁一等.中国铁矿资源开发中的生态包袱[J].资源科学, 2005(1):2-7.
[35]贝塔朗菲.一般系统论[M].林康义,魏宏森,等译.北京:清华大学出版社, 1987: 51.
[36]博登.人工智能哲学[M].刘西瑞,王汉琦,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2001: 176.
[37]魏宏森,曾国屏.系统论—系统科学哲学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995: 201, 236.
[38] Williams J M. Eco-efficiency for New Zealand[M], New Zealand:New ZealandEngineering, 1999: 37.
[39] DeSimone L D, Popoff E and World Business Council for SustainableDevelopment. Eco-efficiency: The Business Link to Sustainable Development[M]. MA: MIT Press, 2000: 85-89.
[40] World Business Council for Sustainable DevelopmentWBCSD. Eco- efficiency:Creating More Value With Less Impact (www. wbesd. org) [R]. 2000: 43.
[41]王思远,徐中民.生态效益理论与方法概述[J].开发研究, 2008(1): 78-82.
[42]蒋伟.论生态效益与经济效益[J].生态经济, 1994(2):5-7.
[43]马世骏,王如松.社会-经济-自然复合生态系统[J].生态学报, 1984(3): 1-9.
[44]罗菲.对索绪尔语言研究中的共时性和历时性的探讨[J].科技信息,2008(13): 88-90.
[45] Yudelson J. Green Building Through Integrated Design (GreenSourceBooks)[M]. New York :McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009: 38.
[46] Berge B. Translated from Norwegian by Filip Henley with Howard Liddell.The Ecology of Building Material[M]. London:Architectural Press, 2001: 16-26, 73.
[47]林奇,海克.国外建筑理论译丛—总体设计[M].黄富厢,朱琪,吴小亚,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004: 28.
[48] Alberti M, Marzluff J. Ecological Resilience in Urbanecosystems: LinkingUrban Patterns to Human and Ecological Functions Urban Ecosystems 2004a:241-265.
[49]胡文斌.建筑物复合能量系统集成建模的策略研究及在设计层面的实现[D].广州:华南理工大学化学工程博士学位论文, 2002:106.
[50]周光召.复杂适应系统的进化[EB/OL]. (2001-06-10). http://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/lecture/club/zgz_1.html.
[51]霍兰J H.隐秩序—适应性造就复杂性[M].周晓牧,韩晖,译.上海:上海科技教育出版社, 2000: 3-10.
[52]赵缓.我国太阳能资源及其开发利用[J].经济地理, 1998(18): 56-61.
[53] Bokalders V, Block M. The Whole Building Handbool: How to Design Healthy,Effcient and Sustainable Buildings[M]. London: Earthscan Publisher, 2010: 12.
[54] De A K, De A K. Environment and Ecology[M]. New Delhi: New AgeInternational (P) Ltd., Publishers, 2009: 42.
[55]施拉姆,波特.传播学概论[M].李启,周立方,译.北京:新华出版社, 1984:23.
[56]刘先觉等著.生态建筑学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009: 76, 341.
[57]董火明.协同识别理论及其在生物识别中的应用研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学硕士学位论文, 2004: 13-15.
[58]哈肯H.高等协同学[M].郭治安,译.北京:科学出版社, 1989:1.
[59]哈肯H.协同学引论—物理学?化学和生物学中的非平衡相变和自组织[M].徐锡申,陈式刚,陈雅深等,译.北京:原子能出版社, 1984.2:15.
[60]邱世明.复杂适应系统协同理论?方法与应用研究[D].天津:天津大学博士学位论文, 2002: 55.
[61] Haken H. Information and Self-Organization: A Macroscopic Approach toComplex Systems[M], Springer-Verlag, 1988:11.
[62]叶蔓,王要武.基于自组织理论的资源型城市发展策略[J].低温建筑技术,2009(4): 115-117.
[63]国通供应链管理研究中心编著.供应链管理平台[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2003: 46.
[64]龙妍,黄素逸,刘可.大系统中物质流、能量流与信息流的基本特征[J].华中科技大学学报, 2008(12): 87-90.
[65]龙妍,黄素逸,张洪伟.物质流?能量流与信息流协同的初探[J].化工学报,2006(9): 2135-2139.
[66]赵佩华.熵理论和可持续发展[J].现代哲学, 1999(4): 17-21.
[67]彼特连科B∏.自然的辩证法[M].赵璧如,柳树滋等,译.北京:东方出版社,1990: 142.
[68]诺伯特·莱希纳.建筑师技术设计指南—采暖·降温·照明[M].张利,周玉鹏,汤羽扬,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004:159-160, 188, 165-167, 228-230, 456-457.
[69]钟力.我国生态建筑的示范性实践—兼评上海生态建筑示范楼[J].建筑学报, 2005(9): 13-15.
[70]米勒.可持续发展的建筑和城市化[M].邹红艳,邢晓春,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008: 222-225, 159-160.
[71] Richards I. T.R.Hamzah & Yeang: Ecology of the Sky[M]. Australia:TheGraphic Image Studio Pty Ltd, 2001:26-29.
[72]纪雁,斯泰里奥斯·普莱尼奥斯.可持续建筑设计实践[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2006: 86-91.
[73] Kay G N.建筑光纤照明方法、设计与应用[M].马鸿雁,吴梦娟,译.北京:机械工业出版社, 2008: 7.
[74]武毅,戴德慈.北京科技大学体育馆导光管照明系统[J].照明工程学报,2008(12): 25-32.
[75] Archithings. Villa UH1 by Arkitectur[EB/OL]. (2011-03-12)[2011-03-20].http://www. archithings.com/villa-uh1-by-rb-arkitektur/2011/03/12.
[76]盖尔森基兴日光能科技园[J].世界建筑, 2002(12): 30-35.
[77]何文晶.太阳能采暖通风技术在节能建筑中的研究与实践[D].济南:山东建筑工程学院硕士学位论文, 2005: 28-30.
[78]杨金焕,邹乾林,谈蓓月,等.各国光伏路线图与光伏发电的进展[J].中国建设动态,阳光能源, 2006(8): 51-54.
[79] Tweet. solar powered parking and charging stations[EB/OL]. (2009-04-14)http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/16/view/6067/solar-powered-parking-and-charging-stations.html.
[80]史密斯.适应气候变化的建筑—可持续设计指南[M].邢晓春等,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:80, 109-110, 114-115.
[81] Jaddow.光伏并网发电系统浅谈[EB/OL].(2011-02-11)[2010-09-23].http://wenku.baidu. com/view/2998feed0975f46527d3e10a.html.
[82] Kwok A G, Grondzik W T. The Green Studio Handbook-EnvironmentalStrategies for Schematic Design. London: Architectural Press, 2007: 50-51,229, 255,261,291-294.
[83]潘雷,陈宝明,张涛.建筑环境中的风能利用[J].可再生能源. 2006(6): 87-89.
[84]艾志刚.形式随风—高层建筑与风力发电一体化设计策略[J].建筑学报,2009(6): 74-76.
[85] Vallero D A, Brasier C. Sustainable Design-The Science of Sustainability andGreen Engineering[M]. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008: 58-59.
[86]陈志成.揭秘广州珠江城大厦节能技术应用[EB/OL]. (2010-11-12)[2010-11-19]. http:// www.qianjia.com/html/2010-11/83222.html.
[87] Bahrain World Trade Centre.Member of the World Trade Centre Association.Manama: Kingdom of Bahrain,2005:24
[88]周雪. 16个创意风力发电设计-迪拜摩天塔随风旋转[EB/OL].(2008-12-02 ) [2009-06-07]. http://tech.big5.enorth.com.cn/system/2008/12/02/003809192.shtml.
[89]邹颍.荷兰MVRDV事务所[J].城市环境设计, 2005(2): 110-117.
[90]晓阳.让建筑充分利用风能和太阳能[EB/OL]. (2007-12-.01)[2010-04-06]. http://xmwb. news365.com.cn/xz/200712/t20071201_1670674.html.
[91]张祖刚,陈衍庆.建筑技术新论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008:88,93,131.
[92]马芳梅.相变物质储能建筑材料性质研究的进展[J].新型建筑材料,1997(8): 40-42.
[93]崔勇.提高有机相变贮能材料导热系数的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学硕士学位论文, 2004: 5.
[94]严永红,张兴国,李金畅.加拿大卡尔加里市Okotoks小镇太阳能小区建设[J].新建筑, 2005(11): 26-28.
[95]黄琲斐.面向未来的城市规划与设计—可持续性城市规划和设计的理论及案例分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004: 9.
[96]朱凯,赵秋歌.浅谈绿色建筑与高性能混凝土的发展[J].建筑技术与应用,2007(2): 37-38.
[97]布里奇特.建筑立面与色彩[M].鄢格,译.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2010: 256-259, 201-216, 82-87.
[98] Magwood C, Mack P, Therrien T. More Straw Bale Building [M]. Canada: NewSociety Publishers, 2005: 55.
[99] Michel S. The Last Straw. Issue 14, Summer, 1996: 11,15.
[100]伍利,肯明斯.绿色建筑手册2[M].徐琳,译.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005:33.
[101]田苗.西北地区村镇住宅之材料、结构体系研究[D].西安:长安大学结构工程硕士学位论文,2007:17.
[102]崔瑞臣,张舒,彭岩.草砖房建设在我国东北地区的应用[J].小城镇建设.2001(12):90.
[103]Straw: The Next Great Building Material. Feature - Environmental BuildingNews May/June 1995:18
[104]Minke G, Mahlke F. Building With Straw-Design and Technology of aSustainable Architecture[M]. Switzerland: Birkhaeuser-Publishers forArchitecture, 2005: 22-24.
[105]Athena S, Bill S, David B. The Straw Ball House [M]. Chelsea GreenPublishing, Vermont/Totnes, 1994: 32.
[106]Paul L, Michel B. Serious Straw Bale-A Home Construction Guide for allClimates [M]. Vermont/Totnes: Chelsea Green Publishing, 2000: 116.
[107]中国建筑设计研究院,孝感市天然居墙材有限公司.混凝土小型空心砌块结构体系、秸秆泡沫石膏渣墙体空心砌块生产及应用技术研究[M].北京:建设部科学技术司, 2006. 3:47,49,68.
[108]煤炭网.粉煤灰系列制品技术[EB/OL]. (2005-01-06) [2010-09-23].http://www.coal.com. cn /Gratis/2005-1-6/ArticleDisplay_1116.shtml.
[109]Engin N, Vural N, Vural S, Sumerkan M R. Climatic Effect in the Formationof Vernacular Houses in the Eastern Black Sea Region[J]. Building andEnvironment, 2007(42): 960-969.
[110]罗娟.浅谈20世纪法国风景园林[D].北京:北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2005: 67.
[111]李华东.高技术生态建筑[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2002: 216-221.
[112]盖世杰,季元振.时空错位中的前卫—解读“798工业废墟下的前卫现象及前卫思维[J].新建筑, 2007(1): 81-84.
[113]刘抚英.中国矿业城市工业废弃地协同再生对策研究[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2009: 191-192.
[114]Roosa S A. Sustainable Development Handbook[M]. Georgia:The FairmontPress, Inc., 2008: 7, 39.
[115]王如松.高效·和谐—城市生态调控原则和方法[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社, 1988: 34.
[116]孟买干城章嘉公寓[J],印度.世界建筑, 1985(1): 66-67.
[117]张军英,关力.形式·空间·材料的统一—彼得·卒姆托温泉改造[J].世界建筑, 2005(10):102-105.
[118]叶青,陈翔.建筑的信息表达[J].建筑学报, 2002(10):59-61.
[119]项秉人.国外著名建筑师丛书—赖特[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995: 7.
[120]马丁·海德格尔.演讲与论文集[C].孙周兴,译.北京:三联书店, 2005:162-163.
[121]Bachman L R.Integrated Buildings: the Systems Basis of Architecture[M].John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2003: 261-273.
[122]中华地产网.古根汉姆博物馆[EB/OL]. (2009-09-18)[2010-09-23].http://www.e086. cn/pageSub/baike/word.asp?id=73740.
[123]方振宁. NOX的数码洞窟[J].城市空间设计, 2008(2): 23-29.
[124]何炯德.新仿生建筑—人造生命时代的新建筑领域[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009: 17-34.
[125]托马斯·赫尔佐格.建筑工业养老基金会办公楼扩建,威斯巴登, [J].世界建筑, 2007(6): 76-89.
[126]Bauer M, M?sle P, Schwarz M.Green Building–Guidebook for SustainableArchitecture[M]. New York: Springer Publisher, 2009: 80-81.
[127]栗德祥,夏伟.绿色建筑被动整合设计方法[J].建设科技, 2008(3): 48-51.
[128]皇明集团.可再生能源建筑应用示范项目—皇明蔚来城太阳能供热示范项目[J].建设科技, 2009(8): 66-67.
[129]Leydecker S. Nano Materials: In Architecture, Interior Architecture andDesign[M]. Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag, 2008:140.
[130]吼吼.可变空间-用户体验中心设计[EB/OL]. (2008-12-13)[2010-09-23].http://www. 333cn.com/architecture/jdsx/96991.html.
[131]张弘.七日—建筑师与信息建筑师[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2009: 42-43.
[132]大师系列丛书编辑部.圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦的作品与思想[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2006: 55-61.
[133]罗尔斯顿.大自然的价值以及人对大自然的义务[M].杨通进,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社, 2000: 253-255.
[134]柳孝图.建筑物理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002: 102.
[135]黄晨.建筑环境学[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005: 24.
[136]沈清基.城市生态与城市环境[M].上海:同济大学出版社, 2000: 202.
[137]夏云,夏葵,施燕.生态与可持续建筑[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001: 4.
[138]刘念雄,秦佑国.建筑热环境[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2005: 293.
[139]姚润明, Steemers K,李百战.可持续城市与建筑设计(Sustainable UrbanandArchitectural Design)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2006: 48-49.
[140]林宪德.城乡生态[M].詹氏出版社, 2001: 82-83.
[141]王翠香.浅谈公路绿化在环境保护中的作用[J].现代园林,2006(6):58-59.
[142]鞠晓磊.山东交通学院图书馆生态技术应用分析研究[D].济南:山东建筑大学建筑技术科学硕士学位论文,2009:64-65.
[143]考克斯.阳光,大自然赋予我们的礼物—在建筑实践中的运用[J].日光与建筑. 2009(5): 5-12.
[144]Cgtimes.数字水墙-08年世博会亮相[EB/OL]. (2007-08-27)[2010-09-23]. http://tech. 163.com/07/0827/15/3MTMJAC60009159C.html.
[145]Anupam. Solar City Tower by RAFAA Turns Into An Urban Waterfall toGenerate Energy[EB/OL]. ( 2010-05-19 ) [2010-09-23]. http://www.ecofriend.com/entry/solar-city-tower-by-rafaa-turns-into-an-urban-waterfall-to-generate-energy/.
[146]Turner B. Ladderstile House by Threefold Architects[EB/OL]. (2009-06-25)[2010-09-23]. http://www.dezeen.com/20090625/ladderstile-house.html.
[147]Saieh N. Pachacamac House/Longhi Architects[EB/OL]. (2009-04-21)[2010-09-23]. http://www.archdaily.com/20118/pachacamac-house-longhi-architects/.
[148]董卫,王建国.可持续发展的城市与建筑设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999: 185-187.
[149]岩石住宅,西福尔,挪威[J].世界建筑, 2010(11): 112-117.
[150]まさる.桃花源-美秀博物馆[EB/OL]. (2010-06-11)[2010-07-22].http://www.anyshop.com.tw/viewthread.php?id=1097&sch_st1=225&sch_st2=241&sch_st3=0&class_type=1.
[151]Rocca A. Natural Architecture[M]. New York: Princeton Architectural Press,2007:65-66.
[152]Elkin S. Resource Review: Hockerton Housing Project SustainabilityResources[EB/OL]. ( 2008-10-20 ) [2009-09-15]. http://www.engagingplaces.org.uk/ teaching+resources/art63633.
[153]郝林.未来超市的绿色独白—森斯伯瑞之英国格林威治店评析[J].世界建筑, 2004: 60-63.
[154]纪森.大且绿—走向21世纪的可持续建筑[M].林耕,刘宪,姚小琴,译.天津:天津科技翻译出版公司, 2005: 110-111.
[155]Saieh N. Bridge House / Stanley Saitowitz / Natoma Architects [EB/OL].(2009-08-05)[2010-04-08]. http://www.dezeen.com/20090625/ladderstile-house.html.
[156]厦门大禾工美.可伸缩的避暑别墅[EB/OL]. (2009-12-15)[2010-04-08].http://blog. sina.com.cn/s/blog_4d8ba7df0100gcfz.html.
[157]视觉中国.全球最奇特的18座房子[EB/OL]. (2010-11-16)[2010-11-19].http://c. chinavisual.com/2010/11/16/c73607/p7.shtml.
[158]Tweet. felipe campolina: portable housing [EB/OL]. (2010-03-16)[2010-11-19]. http:// www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/9491/felipe-campolina- portable-housing.html.
[159]孙伟.可持续性的真正实现—索尔布鲁赫胡顿建筑事务所设计的德国联邦环境局大楼[J].时代建筑, 2007(5): 108-115.
[160]NK. Urban Cactus High-Rise[EB/OL]. (2006-11-07)[2009-11-02].http://inhabitat.com /urban-cactus-building/.
[161]Wigginton M, Harris J. Intelligent Skins[M]. Architectural Press. Oxford.UK,2002:115-116.
[162]Rodofsky B, Architecture without Architects. New York: PrincetonArchitectural Press ,1964:68
[163]付瑶,管飞吉.传统与现代的完美结合—特吉巴欧文化中心浅析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(社会科学版), 2008(1): 14-18.
[164]罗梓鹏.高技术?高情感与地域性—吉巴欧文化中心浅析[J].四川建筑,2008(4): 46-50.
[165]Smith P F. Architecture in A Climate of Change-A Guide to SustainableDesign (Second edition) [M]. Oxford:Architectural Press,2005:213-214.
[166]陆元鼎,魏延均.广东民居[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1990.
[167]Zhaoyy.抗震智慧[EB/OL]. (2008-06-18)[2010-09-15].http://www.china5000.org.cn/chinese/tushuowenming/keji/200806/t20080618_77679.html.
[168]以柔克刚:日本蚕茧大厦的抗震设计[EB/OL]. (2009-05-31)[2010-09-15]. http:// discover.news.163.com/09/0531/09/5AKP6C51000125LI_2.html.
[169]罗少宏.与环境互动的建筑构造之探讨[D].台湾科技大学硕士学位论文.2008: 12.
[170]上官厚兵.福利经济学述评[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文, 2006: 24-25.
[171]Alcamo J, Ash N J, Butler C D等.千年生态系统评估项目概念框架工作组报告,生态系统与人类福利评估框架(摘要)[R]. World Resources Institute,2003: 4.
[172]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 1997.
[173]蓝盛芳,钦佩,陆宏芳.生态经济系统能值分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2002:3-5,35-36,64.
[174]滕乐天,李力,韩天翔.以LCC理念进行可靠性管理的探讨与实践[J].上海电力, 2005(1): 65-67.
[175]钱峰,王伟东.建筑环境效率能值分析与评价—以北京大学体育馆为例[J].建筑学报, 2007(7): 39-42.
[176]中国城市科学研究会主编.绿色建筑2009[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009: 291-307.
[177]龚宇,花家嘉,王璞.河北生态经济系统能值分析[J].中国农学通报, 2010,26(01): 237-242.
[178]吴伟国.经济学中边际分析的作用[J].商场现代化, 2008.11(下旬刊): 397.
[179]边际分析方法[EB/OL]. (2008-11)[2009-11-02]. http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%99%85%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.
[180]李华东,鲁英男,陈慧,鲁英灿.高技术生态建筑[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2002: 3.
[181]Dunster B.走向零能耗[M].史岚岚等,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008: 75.
[182]Yang.为了美观,太阳能电池板“变形”为瓦片[EB/OL]. (2009-07-09)[2010-09-15]. http://www.jsqkjj.com/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=702
[183]吴英华.无锡尚德光伏研发中心掠影[EB/OL]. (2009-04-07)[2010-09-15]. http://www. hunterdouglas.cn/news-2796.html.
[184]多米尼克·高辛·米勒.可持续发展的城市和建筑化—概念·技术·实例[M].邹红艳,邢晓春,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008: 163-167.
[185]庄浩滨.美建筑师设计出风力旋转公寓[EB/OL]. (2006-10-13)[2010-09-15]. http:// www.sznews.com/news/content/2006-10/13/content_425766.html.
[186]波尔多住宅,波尔多,法国[J].世界建筑, 2003(2): 46-51.
[187]夏海山,孙良.求解理想的住宅—“建筑师走廊”给出的答案[J].世界建筑, 2002(8): 72-79.
[188]王钊,张玉坤. FOA建筑事务所的探索与实践[J].时代建筑, 2006(3): 150-157.
[189]程亮,谢振宇.仙台媒体中心的非理性因素解析[J].华中建筑, 2006 (12):16-18.
[190]刘怀志.建筑施工对环境影响的分析与对策[J].辽宁城乡环境科技, 2006:60-62.
[191]弗里德曼A.住宅的可持续发展—绿色社区的规划与设计[M].刘星,晃艳,刘珊珊,译.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 2010: 137-139.
[192]史蒂西.低成本建筑[M].曹伦,陈思,张僖洪,译.大连:大连理工出版社,2009: 38-41.
[193]刘永民.对建筑废弃物再生利用的思考[J].中国建材科技, 2008(3):21-27
[2]林宪德.绿色建筑[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007: 6-7,13,55,56-57,115.
[3]唐奈勒·H·梅多斯,丹尼斯·L·梅多斯,约恩·兰德斯.超越极限—正视全球性崩溃,展望可持续的未来[M].赵煦,周欣华等,译.上海:上海译文出版社, 2001:151.
[4] Desonie D, Climate:Causes and Effects of Climate Change[M]. New York:Chelsea House Publishers, 2008: 63.
[5]蕾切尔·卡逊.寂静的春天[M].吕瑞兰,李长生,译.长春:吉林人民出版社,1997.12.
[6]米都斯,等.增长的极限—罗马俱乐部关于人类困境的报告[M].李宝恒,译.长春:吉林人民出版社, 1997.12.
[7]康芒纳.封闭的循环—自然、人和技术[M].侯文蕙,译.长春:吉林人民出版社, 1997.12.
[8]舒马赫E F.小的是美好的[M].李华夏,译.南京:译林出版社, 2007.1.
[9] Odum H T. Embodied Energy, Foreign Trade, and Welfare of Nations[C]//Ann-Mari Jansson. Integrations of Economy and Ecology, an Outlook for theEighties. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm University Press, 1984:185-200.
[10] Odum H T. Enmergy in Ecosystems[C]// N. Polunin. In EnvironmentalMonographs and Symposia. New York: John Wiley Press, 1986:337-369.
[11] Odum H T. and Arding J E. Emergy Analysis of Shrimp Mariculture inEcuador[R]. Working Paper prepared for the Coastal Resources Center.Narragansett: Univ. of Rhode Island. 1991.
[12] Costanza R, Arge R, Groot R. The Value of the World's Ecosystem Servicesand Natural Capital[J]. Nature, 1997(5): 253-259.
[13]中国建筑科学研究院.绿色建筑技术导则[S].建设部,科技部. 2005.10.
[14]李金昌,姜文来,靳乐山,等.生态价值论[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1999.
[15]韦惠兰,夏锋,袁志伟,张宏亮.自然保护区生态效益计量及评估—以甘肃白水江自然保护区为例[J].生态经济, 2004(1): 30-31.
[16]宋彩平.基于GIS的森林生态效益空间分析研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学管理学博士学位论文, 2005: 25.
[17]范亚民.城郊绿地系统生态效益研究—以南宁青秀山为例[D].长沙:中南林学院生态学硕士学位论文. 2003.
[18]龚传洋.林业生态效益和社会效益估算[D].福州:福州大学统计学硕士学位论文, 2005:6.
[19]哈肯.协同学—大自然构成的奥秘[M].凌复华,译.上海,上海世纪出版社,2005.12:67.
[20] Bauer M, M?sle P, Schwarz M. Green Building-Guidebook for SustainableArchitecture 2009[M]. New York: Springer Publisher, 2009: 10, 27.
[21] Brundtland G H. et al. Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press,1987: 7.
[22]丁圣彦主编.生态学—面向人类生存环境的科学价值观[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004: 375.
[23] Sebestyen G. New Architecture and Technology[M]. London: ArchitecturalPress, 2003: 135.
[24] Jordan WⅢ, Gilpin M E, Aber J D. Restoration Ecology: A SyntheticApproach to Ecological Research [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University, 1987:1-42.
[25]任海,彭少麟.恢复生态学导论[M].北京:科学出版社, 2003: 3-4,14.
[26]彭少麟,陆宏芳.恢复生态学焦点问题[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(7): 1249-1257.
[27] Rees W E. Revisiting Carrying Capacity: Area-based Indicators ofSustainability[M]. Population Environment, 1996(3): 195-215.
[28] Wackernagel M, Onistol L, Bello P,National Natural Capital Accounting withthe Ecological Footprint Concept[J]. Ecological Economics, 1999,29(3): 357-390.
[29] Wackernagel M, Rees W E. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impacton the Earth. Gabriola Island :New Society Publishers, 1996:43
[30]陶在朴.生态包袱与生态足迹—可持续发展的重量及面积观念[M].北京:经济科学出版社, 2003: 113,115,162.
[31] Maczulak A. Renewable Energy: Sources and Methods[M]. New York :Factson File Publishers, 2009.11:4.
[32] World Wide Fund For Nature. Living Planet Report 2006 [R]. 2006: 1-2.
[33] Schmidt F.人类需要多大的世界MIPS—生态经济的有效尺度[M].吴晓东,翁端,译.北京:清华大学出版社, 2003.5:14-17.
[34]王青,丁一等.中国铁矿资源开发中的生态包袱[J].资源科学, 2005(1):2-7.
[35]贝塔朗菲.一般系统论[M].林康义,魏宏森,等译.北京:清华大学出版社, 1987: 51.
[36]博登.人工智能哲学[M].刘西瑞,王汉琦,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2001: 176.
[37]魏宏森,曾国屏.系统论—系统科学哲学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995: 201, 236.
[38] Williams J M. Eco-efficiency for New Zealand[M], New Zealand:New ZealandEngineering, 1999: 37.
[39] DeSimone L D, Popoff E and World Business Council for SustainableDevelopment. Eco-efficiency: The Business Link to Sustainable Development[M]. MA: MIT Press, 2000: 85-89.
[40] World Business Council for Sustainable DevelopmentWBCSD. Eco- efficiency:Creating More Value With Less Impact (www. wbesd. org) [R]. 2000: 43.
[41]王思远,徐中民.生态效益理论与方法概述[J].开发研究, 2008(1): 78-82.
[42]蒋伟.论生态效益与经济效益[J].生态经济, 1994(2):5-7.
[43]马世骏,王如松.社会-经济-自然复合生态系统[J].生态学报, 1984(3): 1-9.
[44]罗菲.对索绪尔语言研究中的共时性和历时性的探讨[J].科技信息,2008(13): 88-90.
[45] Yudelson J. Green Building Through Integrated Design (GreenSourceBooks)[M]. New York :McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009: 38.
[46] Berge B. Translated from Norwegian by Filip Henley with Howard Liddell.The Ecology of Building Material[M]. London:Architectural Press, 2001: 16-26, 73.
[47]林奇,海克.国外建筑理论译丛—总体设计[M].黄富厢,朱琪,吴小亚,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004: 28.
[48] Alberti M, Marzluff J. Ecological Resilience in Urbanecosystems: LinkingUrban Patterns to Human and Ecological Functions Urban Ecosystems 2004a:241-265.
[49]胡文斌.建筑物复合能量系统集成建模的策略研究及在设计层面的实现[D].广州:华南理工大学化学工程博士学位论文, 2002:106.
[50]周光召.复杂适应系统的进化[EB/OL]. (2001-06-10). http://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/lecture/club/zgz_1.html.
[51]霍兰J H.隐秩序—适应性造就复杂性[M].周晓牧,韩晖,译.上海:上海科技教育出版社, 2000: 3-10.
[52]赵缓.我国太阳能资源及其开发利用[J].经济地理, 1998(18): 56-61.
[53] Bokalders V, Block M. The Whole Building Handbool: How to Design Healthy,Effcient and Sustainable Buildings[M]. London: Earthscan Publisher, 2010: 12.
[54] De A K, De A K. Environment and Ecology[M]. New Delhi: New AgeInternational (P) Ltd., Publishers, 2009: 42.
[55]施拉姆,波特.传播学概论[M].李启,周立方,译.北京:新华出版社, 1984:23.
[56]刘先觉等著.生态建筑学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009: 76, 341.
[57]董火明.协同识别理论及其在生物识别中的应用研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学硕士学位论文, 2004: 13-15.
[58]哈肯H.高等协同学[M].郭治安,译.北京:科学出版社, 1989:1.
[59]哈肯H.协同学引论—物理学?化学和生物学中的非平衡相变和自组织[M].徐锡申,陈式刚,陈雅深等,译.北京:原子能出版社, 1984.2:15.
[60]邱世明.复杂适应系统协同理论?方法与应用研究[D].天津:天津大学博士学位论文, 2002: 55.
[61] Haken H. Information and Self-Organization: A Macroscopic Approach toComplex Systems[M], Springer-Verlag, 1988:11.
[62]叶蔓,王要武.基于自组织理论的资源型城市发展策略[J].低温建筑技术,2009(4): 115-117.
[63]国通供应链管理研究中心编著.供应链管理平台[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2003: 46.
[64]龙妍,黄素逸,刘可.大系统中物质流、能量流与信息流的基本特征[J].华中科技大学学报, 2008(12): 87-90.
[65]龙妍,黄素逸,张洪伟.物质流?能量流与信息流协同的初探[J].化工学报,2006(9): 2135-2139.
[66]赵佩华.熵理论和可持续发展[J].现代哲学, 1999(4): 17-21.
[67]彼特连科B∏.自然的辩证法[M].赵璧如,柳树滋等,译.北京:东方出版社,1990: 142.
[68]诺伯特·莱希纳.建筑师技术设计指南—采暖·降温·照明[M].张利,周玉鹏,汤羽扬,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004:159-160, 188, 165-167, 228-230, 456-457.
[69]钟力.我国生态建筑的示范性实践—兼评上海生态建筑示范楼[J].建筑学报, 2005(9): 13-15.
[70]米勒.可持续发展的建筑和城市化[M].邹红艳,邢晓春,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008: 222-225, 159-160.
[71] Richards I. T.R.Hamzah & Yeang: Ecology of the Sky[M]. Australia:TheGraphic Image Studio Pty Ltd, 2001:26-29.
[72]纪雁,斯泰里奥斯·普莱尼奥斯.可持续建筑设计实践[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2006: 86-91.
[73] Kay G N.建筑光纤照明方法、设计与应用[M].马鸿雁,吴梦娟,译.北京:机械工业出版社, 2008: 7.
[74]武毅,戴德慈.北京科技大学体育馆导光管照明系统[J].照明工程学报,2008(12): 25-32.
[75] Archithings. Villa UH1 by Arkitectur[EB/OL]. (2011-03-12)[2011-03-20].http://www. archithings.com/villa-uh1-by-rb-arkitektur/2011/03/12.
[76]盖尔森基兴日光能科技园[J].世界建筑, 2002(12): 30-35.
[77]何文晶.太阳能采暖通风技术在节能建筑中的研究与实践[D].济南:山东建筑工程学院硕士学位论文, 2005: 28-30.
[78]杨金焕,邹乾林,谈蓓月,等.各国光伏路线图与光伏发电的进展[J].中国建设动态,阳光能源, 2006(8): 51-54.
[79] Tweet. solar powered parking and charging stations[EB/OL]. (2009-04-14)http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/16/view/6067/solar-powered-parking-and-charging-stations.html.
[80]史密斯.适应气候变化的建筑—可持续设计指南[M].邢晓春等,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:80, 109-110, 114-115.
[81] Jaddow.光伏并网发电系统浅谈[EB/OL].(2011-02-11)[2010-09-23].http://wenku.baidu. com/view/2998feed0975f46527d3e10a.html.
[82] Kwok A G, Grondzik W T. The Green Studio Handbook-EnvironmentalStrategies for Schematic Design. London: Architectural Press, 2007: 50-51,229, 255,261,291-294.
[83]潘雷,陈宝明,张涛.建筑环境中的风能利用[J].可再生能源. 2006(6): 87-89.
[84]艾志刚.形式随风—高层建筑与风力发电一体化设计策略[J].建筑学报,2009(6): 74-76.
[85] Vallero D A, Brasier C. Sustainable Design-The Science of Sustainability andGreen Engineering[M]. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008: 58-59.
[86]陈志成.揭秘广州珠江城大厦节能技术应用[EB/OL]. (2010-11-12)[2010-11-19]. http:// www.qianjia.com/html/2010-11/83222.html.
[87] Bahrain World Trade Centre.Member of the World Trade Centre Association.Manama: Kingdom of Bahrain,2005:24
[88]周雪. 16个创意风力发电设计-迪拜摩天塔随风旋转[EB/OL].(2008-12-02 ) [2009-06-07]. http://tech.big5.enorth.com.cn/system/2008/12/02/003809192.shtml.
[89]邹颍.荷兰MVRDV事务所[J].城市环境设计, 2005(2): 110-117.
[90]晓阳.让建筑充分利用风能和太阳能[EB/OL]. (2007-12-.01)[2010-04-06]. http://xmwb. news365.com.cn/xz/200712/t20071201_1670674.html.
[91]张祖刚,陈衍庆.建筑技术新论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008:88,93,131.
[92]马芳梅.相变物质储能建筑材料性质研究的进展[J].新型建筑材料,1997(8): 40-42.
[93]崔勇.提高有机相变贮能材料导热系数的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学硕士学位论文, 2004: 5.
[94]严永红,张兴国,李金畅.加拿大卡尔加里市Okotoks小镇太阳能小区建设[J].新建筑, 2005(11): 26-28.
[95]黄琲斐.面向未来的城市规划与设计—可持续性城市规划和设计的理论及案例分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004: 9.
[96]朱凯,赵秋歌.浅谈绿色建筑与高性能混凝土的发展[J].建筑技术与应用,2007(2): 37-38.
[97]布里奇特.建筑立面与色彩[M].鄢格,译.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2010: 256-259, 201-216, 82-87.
[98] Magwood C, Mack P, Therrien T. More Straw Bale Building [M]. Canada: NewSociety Publishers, 2005: 55.
[99] Michel S. The Last Straw. Issue 14, Summer, 1996: 11,15.
[100]伍利,肯明斯.绿色建筑手册2[M].徐琳,译.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005:33.
[101]田苗.西北地区村镇住宅之材料、结构体系研究[D].西安:长安大学结构工程硕士学位论文,2007:17.
[102]崔瑞臣,张舒,彭岩.草砖房建设在我国东北地区的应用[J].小城镇建设.2001(12):90.
[103]Straw: The Next Great Building Material. Feature - Environmental BuildingNews May/June 1995:18
[104]Minke G, Mahlke F. Building With Straw-Design and Technology of aSustainable Architecture[M]. Switzerland: Birkhaeuser-Publishers forArchitecture, 2005: 22-24.
[105]Athena S, Bill S, David B. The Straw Ball House [M]. Chelsea GreenPublishing, Vermont/Totnes, 1994: 32.
[106]Paul L, Michel B. Serious Straw Bale-A Home Construction Guide for allClimates [M]. Vermont/Totnes: Chelsea Green Publishing, 2000: 116.
[107]中国建筑设计研究院,孝感市天然居墙材有限公司.混凝土小型空心砌块结构体系、秸秆泡沫石膏渣墙体空心砌块生产及应用技术研究[M].北京:建设部科学技术司, 2006. 3:47,49,68.
[108]煤炭网.粉煤灰系列制品技术[EB/OL]. (2005-01-06) [2010-09-23].http://www.coal.com. cn /Gratis/2005-1-6/ArticleDisplay_1116.shtml.
[109]Engin N, Vural N, Vural S, Sumerkan M R. Climatic Effect in the Formationof Vernacular Houses in the Eastern Black Sea Region[J]. Building andEnvironment, 2007(42): 960-969.
[110]罗娟.浅谈20世纪法国风景园林[D].北京:北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2005: 67.
[111]李华东.高技术生态建筑[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2002: 216-221.
[112]盖世杰,季元振.时空错位中的前卫—解读“798工业废墟下的前卫现象及前卫思维[J].新建筑, 2007(1): 81-84.
[113]刘抚英.中国矿业城市工业废弃地协同再生对策研究[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2009: 191-192.
[114]Roosa S A. Sustainable Development Handbook[M]. Georgia:The FairmontPress, Inc., 2008: 7, 39.
[115]王如松.高效·和谐—城市生态调控原则和方法[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社, 1988: 34.
[116]孟买干城章嘉公寓[J],印度.世界建筑, 1985(1): 66-67.
[117]张军英,关力.形式·空间·材料的统一—彼得·卒姆托温泉改造[J].世界建筑, 2005(10):102-105.
[118]叶青,陈翔.建筑的信息表达[J].建筑学报, 2002(10):59-61.
[119]项秉人.国外著名建筑师丛书—赖特[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1995: 7.
[120]马丁·海德格尔.演讲与论文集[C].孙周兴,译.北京:三联书店, 2005:162-163.
[121]Bachman L R.Integrated Buildings: the Systems Basis of Architecture[M].John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2003: 261-273.
[122]中华地产网.古根汉姆博物馆[EB/OL]. (2009-09-18)[2010-09-23].http://www.e086. cn/pageSub/baike/word.asp?id=73740.
[123]方振宁. NOX的数码洞窟[J].城市空间设计, 2008(2): 23-29.
[124]何炯德.新仿生建筑—人造生命时代的新建筑领域[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009: 17-34.
[125]托马斯·赫尔佐格.建筑工业养老基金会办公楼扩建,威斯巴登, [J].世界建筑, 2007(6): 76-89.
[126]Bauer M, M?sle P, Schwarz M.Green Building–Guidebook for SustainableArchitecture[M]. New York: Springer Publisher, 2009: 80-81.
[127]栗德祥,夏伟.绿色建筑被动整合设计方法[J].建设科技, 2008(3): 48-51.
[128]皇明集团.可再生能源建筑应用示范项目—皇明蔚来城太阳能供热示范项目[J].建设科技, 2009(8): 66-67.
[129]Leydecker S. Nano Materials: In Architecture, Interior Architecture andDesign[M]. Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag, 2008:140.
[130]吼吼.可变空间-用户体验中心设计[EB/OL]. (2008-12-13)[2010-09-23].http://www. 333cn.com/architecture/jdsx/96991.html.
[131]张弘.七日—建筑师与信息建筑师[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2009: 42-43.
[132]大师系列丛书编辑部.圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦的作品与思想[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2006: 55-61.
[133]罗尔斯顿.大自然的价值以及人对大自然的义务[M].杨通进,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社, 2000: 253-255.
[134]柳孝图.建筑物理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002: 102.
[135]黄晨.建筑环境学[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005: 24.
[136]沈清基.城市生态与城市环境[M].上海:同济大学出版社, 2000: 202.
[137]夏云,夏葵,施燕.生态与可持续建筑[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001: 4.
[138]刘念雄,秦佑国.建筑热环境[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2005: 293.
[139]姚润明, Steemers K,李百战.可持续城市与建筑设计(Sustainable UrbanandArchitectural Design)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2006: 48-49.
[140]林宪德.城乡生态[M].詹氏出版社, 2001: 82-83.
[141]王翠香.浅谈公路绿化在环境保护中的作用[J].现代园林,2006(6):58-59.
[142]鞠晓磊.山东交通学院图书馆生态技术应用分析研究[D].济南:山东建筑大学建筑技术科学硕士学位论文,2009:64-65.
[143]考克斯.阳光,大自然赋予我们的礼物—在建筑实践中的运用[J].日光与建筑. 2009(5): 5-12.
[144]Cgtimes.数字水墙-08年世博会亮相[EB/OL]. (2007-08-27)[2010-09-23]. http://tech. 163.com/07/0827/15/3MTMJAC60009159C.html.
[145]Anupam. Solar City Tower by RAFAA Turns Into An Urban Waterfall toGenerate Energy[EB/OL]. ( 2010-05-19 ) [2010-09-23]. http://www.ecofriend.com/entry/solar-city-tower-by-rafaa-turns-into-an-urban-waterfall-to-generate-energy/.
[146]Turner B. Ladderstile House by Threefold Architects[EB/OL]. (2009-06-25)[2010-09-23]. http://www.dezeen.com/20090625/ladderstile-house.html.
[147]Saieh N. Pachacamac House/Longhi Architects[EB/OL]. (2009-04-21)[2010-09-23]. http://www.archdaily.com/20118/pachacamac-house-longhi-architects/.
[148]董卫,王建国.可持续发展的城市与建筑设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999: 185-187.
[149]岩石住宅,西福尔,挪威[J].世界建筑, 2010(11): 112-117.
[150]まさる.桃花源-美秀博物馆[EB/OL]. (2010-06-11)[2010-07-22].http://www.anyshop.com.tw/viewthread.php?id=1097&sch_st1=225&sch_st2=241&sch_st3=0&class_type=1.
[151]Rocca A. Natural Architecture[M]. New York: Princeton Architectural Press,2007:65-66.
[152]Elkin S. Resource Review: Hockerton Housing Project SustainabilityResources[EB/OL]. ( 2008-10-20 ) [2009-09-15]. http://www.engagingplaces.org.uk/ teaching+resources/art63633.
[153]郝林.未来超市的绿色独白—森斯伯瑞之英国格林威治店评析[J].世界建筑, 2004: 60-63.
[154]纪森.大且绿—走向21世纪的可持续建筑[M].林耕,刘宪,姚小琴,译.天津:天津科技翻译出版公司, 2005: 110-111.
[155]Saieh N. Bridge House / Stanley Saitowitz / Natoma Architects [EB/OL].(2009-08-05)[2010-04-08]. http://www.dezeen.com/20090625/ladderstile-house.html.
[156]厦门大禾工美.可伸缩的避暑别墅[EB/OL]. (2009-12-15)[2010-04-08].http://blog. sina.com.cn/s/blog_4d8ba7df0100gcfz.html.
[157]视觉中国.全球最奇特的18座房子[EB/OL]. (2010-11-16)[2010-11-19].http://c. chinavisual.com/2010/11/16/c73607/p7.shtml.
[158]Tweet. felipe campolina: portable housing [EB/OL]. (2010-03-16)[2010-11-19]. http:// www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/9491/felipe-campolina- portable-housing.html.
[159]孙伟.可持续性的真正实现—索尔布鲁赫胡顿建筑事务所设计的德国联邦环境局大楼[J].时代建筑, 2007(5): 108-115.
[160]NK. Urban Cactus High-Rise[EB/OL]. (2006-11-07)[2009-11-02].http://inhabitat.com /urban-cactus-building/.
[161]Wigginton M, Harris J. Intelligent Skins[M]. Architectural Press. Oxford.UK,2002:115-116.
[162]Rodofsky B, Architecture without Architects. New York: PrincetonArchitectural Press ,1964:68
[163]付瑶,管飞吉.传统与现代的完美结合—特吉巴欧文化中心浅析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(社会科学版), 2008(1): 14-18.
[164]罗梓鹏.高技术?高情感与地域性—吉巴欧文化中心浅析[J].四川建筑,2008(4): 46-50.
[165]Smith P F. Architecture in A Climate of Change-A Guide to SustainableDesign (Second edition) [M]. Oxford:Architectural Press,2005:213-214.
[166]陆元鼎,魏延均.广东民居[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1990.
[167]Zhaoyy.抗震智慧[EB/OL]. (2008-06-18)[2010-09-15].http://www.china5000.org.cn/chinese/tushuowenming/keji/200806/t20080618_77679.html.
[168]以柔克刚:日本蚕茧大厦的抗震设计[EB/OL]. (2009-05-31)[2010-09-15]. http:// discover.news.163.com/09/0531/09/5AKP6C51000125LI_2.html.
[169]罗少宏.与环境互动的建筑构造之探讨[D].台湾科技大学硕士学位论文.2008: 12.
[170]上官厚兵.福利经济学述评[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文, 2006: 24-25.
[171]Alcamo J, Ash N J, Butler C D等.千年生态系统评估项目概念框架工作组报告,生态系统与人类福利评估框架(摘要)[R]. World Resources Institute,2003: 4.
[172]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 1997.
[173]蓝盛芳,钦佩,陆宏芳.生态经济系统能值分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2002:3-5,35-36,64.
[174]滕乐天,李力,韩天翔.以LCC理念进行可靠性管理的探讨与实践[J].上海电力, 2005(1): 65-67.
[175]钱峰,王伟东.建筑环境效率能值分析与评价—以北京大学体育馆为例[J].建筑学报, 2007(7): 39-42.
[176]中国城市科学研究会主编.绿色建筑2009[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009: 291-307.
[177]龚宇,花家嘉,王璞.河北生态经济系统能值分析[J].中国农学通报, 2010,26(01): 237-242.
[178]吴伟国.经济学中边际分析的作用[J].商场现代化, 2008.11(下旬刊): 397.
[179]边际分析方法[EB/OL]. (2008-11)[2009-11-02]. http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%99%85%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.
[180]李华东,鲁英男,陈慧,鲁英灿.高技术生态建筑[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2002: 3.
[181]Dunster B.走向零能耗[M].史岚岚等,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008: 75.
[182]Yang.为了美观,太阳能电池板“变形”为瓦片[EB/OL]. (2009-07-09)[2010-09-15]. http://www.jsqkjj.com/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=702
[183]吴英华.无锡尚德光伏研发中心掠影[EB/OL]. (2009-04-07)[2010-09-15]. http://www. hunterdouglas.cn/news-2796.html.
[184]多米尼克·高辛·米勒.可持续发展的城市和建筑化—概念·技术·实例[M].邹红艳,邢晓春,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008: 163-167.
[185]庄浩滨.美建筑师设计出风力旋转公寓[EB/OL]. (2006-10-13)[2010-09-15]. http:// www.sznews.com/news/content/2006-10/13/content_425766.html.
[186]波尔多住宅,波尔多,法国[J].世界建筑, 2003(2): 46-51.
[187]夏海山,孙良.求解理想的住宅—“建筑师走廊”给出的答案[J].世界建筑, 2002(8): 72-79.
[188]王钊,张玉坤. FOA建筑事务所的探索与实践[J].时代建筑, 2006(3): 150-157.
[189]程亮,谢振宇.仙台媒体中心的非理性因素解析[J].华中建筑, 2006 (12):16-18.
[190]刘怀志.建筑施工对环境影响的分析与对策[J].辽宁城乡环境科技, 2006:60-62.
[191]弗里德曼A.住宅的可持续发展—绿色社区的规划与设计[M].刘星,晃艳,刘珊珊,译.沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 2010: 137-139.
[192]史蒂西.低成本建筑[M].曹伦,陈思,张僖洪,译.大连:大连理工出版社,2009: 38-41.
[193]刘永民.对建筑废弃物再生利用的思考[J].中国建材科技, 2008(3):21-27
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |