内蒙古哈达庙地区构造—岩浆演化与金成矿作用研究
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摘要
中亚造山带经历了多期次、多阶段的大陆增生和碰撞造山过程。在其西段已发现众多世界级与岩浆活动有关的金、银、铜、钼、铅锌和镍等多金属矿床,而在位于其东段的内蒙古中部哈达庙地区,同类型、同时代的矿床却发现得较少。那么,中亚造山带不同部位的演化是否存在差别,板块向南北俯冲幅度、时间以及东西向缝合时限是否不同,区域构造-岩浆演化对哈达庙地区成岩成矿作用有哪些制约等,均是急需回答的问题。因此,本文选取华北地台北缘发育哈达庙、毕力赫两个与岩浆有关金矿床的哈达庙地区为研究区,以中亚造山带为背景,从岩浆构造演化角度,通过对区内岩浆岩岩石组合、岩石地球化学性质、成岩时代、起源演化特征和形成环境的系统研究,构建其构造-岩浆演化模式；把成矿看作弧-陆造山演化、构造-岩浆-热液演化过程中的一个重要阶段,从岩石学、岩浆流体出溶角度,对比研究成矿岩体和非成矿岩体,查明哈达庙、毕力赫两个金矿床地质特征、矿化与蚀变特征,建立本区富金岩浆矿床的成因模型；综合分析地、物、化、遥等成矿指示信息,对哈达庙地区及外围地区进行成矿预测,对华北地台北缘晚古生代成矿(Cu、Au、Mo)潜力进行评价。
本次研究并取得以下研究进展及成果：
(1)系统研究了华北地台北缘哈达庙地区的区域岩浆岩,首次获得了9个长英质岩体的高精度年龄数据,详细地建立了哈达庙地区岩浆活动的年代学格架,识别出两组构造-岩浆事件,即早古生代岩浆事件(445.6±2.7Ma)和晚古生代岩浆事件(277～257Ma),并以大量年龄数据推翻了前人关于该岩浆岩套为燕山期的传统认识,同时对古亚洲洋东段演化进行制约,具重大地质意义。
(2)通过哈达庙地区岩浆岩的时空分布研究,系统查明：早古生代岩浆事件产生毕力赫东部弧花岗闪长岩(445.6±2.7Ma)、白乃庙片麻状石英闪长岩(459～454Ma)和弧花岗闪长斑岩(440Ma)组合,产于白乃庙弧增生杂岩带,主要受徐尼乌苏大断裂构造控制；晚古生代岩浆事件产生哈达庙矿区石英闪长岩(277～273Ma)、花岗斑岩(272～270Ma),毕力赫金矿区花岗闪长斑岩(269±2.5 Ma)、花岗闪长岩(267±1.3Ma)、花岗斑岩(257.5±2.7Ma),镶黄旗南部钾长花岗岩(263～262Ma)、镶黄旗北部二长花岗岩(266±2 Ma),以及镶黄旗东部毫义哈达石英闪长岩(266±2 Ma)和埃达克质黑云母花岗岩(267.2±1.4Ma)组合,分布于温都尔庙大断裂和徐尼乌苏大断裂之间,增生并叠加于早古生代白乃庙弧增生杂岩带之上,构成内蒙古高原晚古生代弧岩浆带的重要组成部分。
(3)系统研究了哈达庙地区岩浆岩的岩石学和地球化学,初步查明了岩浆起源和源区特征。研究提出：毕力赫东部早古生代花岗闪长岩(εHf(t)：5.079～7.899；δ180：2.3～2.7‰)起源于大洋俯冲板片之上的楔形地幔；277～273Ma的哈达庙石英闪长岩,微量元素显示其携带了大量的SZC组分,其地球化学(Si02:57.33％～60.34%,Isr:O.706～0.707,εNd(t):-3.8～-4.0,εNd(t):-0.44～3.88)证据表明,岩浆起源于被SZC组分交代的富集地幔,并遭受强烈的地壳(新生)物质混染；272～269Ma的哈达庙含金花岗斑岩和毕力赫金矿流纹岩,具有异常高的Si02.U、Th、K含量和相对亏损的Eu、Sr、Ba丰度,显示碰撞型岩浆地球化学特征；267Ma的毫义哈达黑云母花岗岩具有埃达克岩地球化学亲和性,总体可与西藏冈底斯碰撞带埃达克岩类比。毫义哈达黑云母花岗岩(Is.:0.705,εNd(t):-3.9,εHf(t):0.95～4.05)和哈达庙含金花岗斑岩(Is,:0.704～0.707,εNd(t):-3.6～-4.0；εHf(t):-0.44-3.88)的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征反映埃达质岩浆起源于该区新生下地壳,而含金长英质岩浆则起源于新生下地壳的上部；256Ma的毕力赫花岗斑岩具有A型花岗岩特征,其同位素特征(Is,:0.703～0.704,εNd(t):+1.2～+1.7,εHf(t):7.03～9.35)暗示其岩浆的形成有更多的亏损幔源(软流圈)组分的贡献；毕力赫含金花岗闪长斑岩(Is,:0.703～0.709,εNd(t):-2.5～+0.19,εHf(t):2.89～7.17)的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征和含有大量SZC组分,显示其原岩来自于交代型幔源基性组分(洋壳转化下地壳)与壳源混染；晚古生代岩浆岩的Pb同位素模式和普遍具有异常高μ值(9.38～9.57)暗示,其源岩主要来自于成熟岛弧与上地壳组分混染。
(4)通过哈达庙地区古生代岩浆岩的构造-岩浆组合和形成环境分析,提出该岩浆组合记录了哈达庙地区古亚洲洋从俯冲、碰撞到造山后伸展的详细演化过程。根据构造-岩浆组合的构造背景、形成时限和地球化学特征,研究提出：古亚洲洋俯冲发生于277～273Ma,以哈达庙弧石英闪长岩为标志；弧-弧碰撞发生于272～269Ma,以哈达庙含金花岗斑岩、毕力赫金矿流纹岩为标志；挤压向伸展转换发生于269～267Ma,以毫义哈达埃达克质黑云母花岗岩、毕力赫含金花岗闪长斑岩为标志；造山后伸展大致出现于258Ma前后,以镶黄旗A型花岗岩为标志。据此,建立了哈达庙地区构造-岩浆演化模式。
(5)查明了哈达庙和毕力赫矿区含矿岩系的形成环境和岩浆起源演化特征,提出本区与岩浆有关金矿形成于晚古生代增生造山带的碰撞阶段和挤压-伸展转换阶段,为建立哈达庙金矿和毕力赫金矿床的成因模式提供了重要基础。而非前人认为的板内环境。
(6)重点研究了矿区含矿斑岩,指出成矿岩体具有S型花岗岩特征,具有较大的Is,值变化范围,含有大量较老的捕获锆石(1166～1127Ma),遭受较强的地壳混染。在毕力赫金矿和哈达庙金矿发现大量与矿化有关的电气石化,暗示富硼岩浆硼的加入,为成矿元素(Au)充分富集提供了条件。
(7)根据矿床成因模型、R型因子矿化元素组合、元素分带指数以及区域遥感、重力和航磁异常分析,指出哈达庙地区毕力赫东花岗闪长岩、毕力赫外围花岗闪长岩、毫义哈达具有埃达克岩性质的黑云母花岗岩、镶黄旗南后二道沟花岗闪长岩类,具有较大的成矿潜力。提出重力和航磁高异常区、R型因子元素组合(Cu-Au-Ag-Bi)所指示的高异常区、火山断陷盆地与NW向张性正断层交汇区、还原性的钛铁矿系列和富硼岩浆等,是重要的区域成矿评价要素和找矿标志。
(8)通过区域对比和成矿规律分析,首次提出,哈达庙Au矿集区与华北地台北缘东段赤峰地区Cu-Mo成矿带以及内蒙古乌拉山-大青山地区浆控型Au矿带构成了一条晚古生代成矿带,产于华北地台北缘内蒙古高原晚古生代弧岩浆带内,具有巨大的找矿潜力。
The central Asia orogen is a continental collision zone where small crustal blocks (terranes), typically volcanic arcs or micro-continents are welded onto older crustal blocks with significant ore deposits and additional resource potential. There has produced many world-class mineral deposits of gold, silver, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc and nickel in the western section of the central Asia orogen, which are generally well understood. But, there are few analogous deposits in the estern section of the central Asia orogen.Through researching on the features and evolution of the Paloe-Asia Ocean, and the magmas and the related gold deposits in Hadamiao areas, that the rules about the eastern sectors of the Paloe-Asia Ocean has been concluded, and the evolution model of the magmas in Hadamiao areas and the metallogenic model of the gold deposits has been built in this paper. Based on analysising the geological, and the physical, and the chemical, and the remote sensors, the gold resource potential in Hadamiao areas be prospected. By systematic studying of the gold deposits in Hadamiao areas and the lots of adjacent deposits, the potential of metallogenic (such as gold, copper, molybdenum and et al.) in the northern margins of the North China Platforms has been estimated.
This study have got more innovative progresses and achievements.
(1) The high accurate zircon U-Pb ages of nine magmatic rocks in Hadamiao area of the northern margins of the North China Platforms were measured firstly, and the chronology sequence of the magmatic rocks was built, and two groups tectonic and magmatic events be comfirmed, and it composed of the early-Paloezoic events with the ages of 445.6±2.7Ma and the late-Paloezic events with the ages from 277Ma to 257Ma. And the traditional viewpoints that the magmatic rocks was happened in Yanshanian period has been changed. At the same time, the evolution of the Paloe-Asia Oceans in the eastern sectors has been restricted.
(2) The space/time distribution of the Hadamiao magmas have a certain rules. The early-Paloezic magmatic rocks developed in the accretionary complexes of Bainaimiao, and controlled by the Xuniwusu faults, such as the granodiorites(with age of 445.6±2.7Ma) with the property of the arc magmas in the eastern sectors of Bilihe gold mine area, and the gneissic quratz diorites(with age from 459Ma to 454Ma) and the granodiorite porphyry (with ages of 440Ma)with the property of the arc magmas. The late-Paloezic granites distributed between the Ondor Sum faults and the Xuniwusu faults, and accreted and stacked in the early-Paloezic accreted complexes with the property of the arc magmas. And it was made up of the parts of the magmatic belts with the property of the arc magmas in the Inner Mogolia Plateaus, such as Hadamiao quratz diorites(with age from 277Ma to 273Ma) and the grano-porphyrys (with age from 272Ma to 270Ma) in Hadamiao gold mine area, and the granodiorite porphyrys (with age of 269±2.5Ma) and the grano-porphyry (with age from 272Ma to 270Ma) and the granodiorites(with age of 267±1.3Ma) in Bilihe gold mine area, and the feldspar granites (with age from 263Ma to 262Ma) in the southern sector of Xianghuangqi county area, and the adamellites(with age of 266±2Ma) in the northern sector of Xianghuangqi county area, and the quratz diorites (with age of 266±2 Ma)and the adakitic granites(with age of 267.2±1.4Ma) in the eastern sector of Xianghuangqi county area.
(3) Through the systematic petrology and geochemistry studying of the magmatics in Hadamiao areas, the magmas genesis has been found out. The original of the early-Paloezoic granites (εHf(t)=5.079 to 7.899) in the eastern sector of Bilihe gold mine area come from the wedge-type mantles above the subduction slaps of the ocean blocks. The Hadamiao quartz-diorites (with age from 277 to 273Ma) contained with lots of SZC matters, and the geochemical features (SiO2=57.33 to 60.34, and ISr=0.706 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.8 to-4.0, andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) show that their origin is the enriched mantles and metasomatited by the SZC matters, and have strongly mixed by the crust(fresh forming crusts). The gold-bearing grano-porphyries in Hadamiao area and the Belihe rhyolites (with age from 272 to 269Ma) with high contents of SiO2, and the standardized value of U and Th and K, and relatively defective standardizing value of Eu and Sr and Ba, showed that they were the Collision-type Granites. The biotite-granites in Haoyihada haing some adakitic property, and the features of Sr-Nd-Hf (ISr=0.704 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.6 to-4.0; andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) show that origined from the fresh forming lower crust, and the gold-bearing grano-porphyries in Hadamiao(ISr=0.704 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.6 to-4.0; andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) was origined from the upper of the fresh forming lower crust. The features of the isotopes(ISr=0.703 to 0.704, andεNd(t)=+1.2 to+1.7, andεHf(t)=7.03 to 9.35) from Bilihe granites show that its property is A-type granite bearing more components of defective mantles.
(4) Through analyzing the combination of the magmas and the tectonic setting, the evolution process of the Paleozoic Asia Ocean orgining from the subduction to collision and extending during after-orogeny period in Hadamiao area has been confirmed clearly. The subduction of the Paleozoic Asia Ocean took place during the period from 277Ma and 273Ma, and marked by the Hadamiao quartz-diorites. And the collision of the arc between the continents or between the arcs took place during the period from 272Ma to 269Ma, and marked by the gold-bearing grano-porphyry in Hadamiao area and the rhyolites in Bilihe area. And the tectonically transforming from transpression to transtension took place during the period from 269 Ma to 267Ma, and marked by the adakitc granites in Haoyihada area and the gold-bearing granite diorite porphyry in Bilihe gold deposits. The extending took place at 258Ma, and marked by the granodiorites with the property of the A-type granites in Xianghuangqi area. Thus, the tectonic-magmas evolution model of Hadamiao area has been built.
(5) The favorable controlling factors for gold metallogenic in Hadamiao area are mainly the tectonic features and S-type granites. The gold mineralization of the Bilihe gold deposit and the Hadamiao gold deposit took place under the collision setting during the shifted stages from the tectonically transforming from transpression to transtension in the late-Paloezoic period, while was not the within plate conditions. And the S-type granites related to gold mineralization is characteristiced by the large extension values of the Isr, and bearing a lots of old captured zircons (with age from 1166Ma to 1127Ma), and having mixed strongly by the crust, and the magmas bearing boron. It provided the accurate time for understanding the gold and combined elements ore-forming processes. So, the realistic deposit model of gold deposits has been established.
(6) Based on the genetic model of the gold deposits, and the abnormal areas of metallogenic related elements assembled of R types factors, and the remote sensors information, and the gravities and the aeromagnetic survey datum has been analysized. It is conformed that the granodiorites around Bilihe gold deposits, and the biotitic-granites with the property of adakites in Haoyihada, and the Houerdaogou granodiorites in Xianghuangqi all have the great gold metallogenic potentials. The abnormal areas of the gravity, and the aeromagnetic survey, and the metallogenic elements assembled of R types factors(Cu-Au-Ag-Bi), and the intersection areas between the volcanic breaking basins and the extended normal faults northwest-wards, and the granites with the reducing property of the imelnite series and bearing boron are the important controlling factors for the regional mineral resources appraising, and also are the indicating marks for metallogenic exploration and prospecting work in Hadamiao Areas.
(7) By analyzing and comparative studying the regional metallogenic rules among regional areas, it is found out firstly that there be a late-Paloezoic metallogenic belts in the northern margins of the North China Platform, which composed of the Hadamiao gold deposits related to the magmas and the metallogenic belts of copper and molybdenum in the regions of Chifeng, which located in the eastern sections of the nothern China and the gold deposits related to magmas in the Wula Mountain and the Daqing Mountain in the western Mogolia province of China. And it developed in the magmatic belts with the property of the arc magmas in Inner Mogolia Plateaus. The regional metallogenic belts have great minerals resources potential.
本次研究并取得以下研究进展及成果：
(1)系统研究了华北地台北缘哈达庙地区的区域岩浆岩,首次获得了9个长英质岩体的高精度年龄数据,详细地建立了哈达庙地区岩浆活动的年代学格架,识别出两组构造-岩浆事件,即早古生代岩浆事件(445.6±2.7Ma)和晚古生代岩浆事件(277～257Ma),并以大量年龄数据推翻了前人关于该岩浆岩套为燕山期的传统认识,同时对古亚洲洋东段演化进行制约,具重大地质意义。
(2)通过哈达庙地区岩浆岩的时空分布研究,系统查明：早古生代岩浆事件产生毕力赫东部弧花岗闪长岩(445.6±2.7Ma)、白乃庙片麻状石英闪长岩(459～454Ma)和弧花岗闪长斑岩(440Ma)组合,产于白乃庙弧增生杂岩带,主要受徐尼乌苏大断裂构造控制；晚古生代岩浆事件产生哈达庙矿区石英闪长岩(277～273Ma)、花岗斑岩(272～270Ma),毕力赫金矿区花岗闪长斑岩(269±2.5 Ma)、花岗闪长岩(267±1.3Ma)、花岗斑岩(257.5±2.7Ma),镶黄旗南部钾长花岗岩(263～262Ma)、镶黄旗北部二长花岗岩(266±2 Ma),以及镶黄旗东部毫义哈达石英闪长岩(266±2 Ma)和埃达克质黑云母花岗岩(267.2±1.4Ma)组合,分布于温都尔庙大断裂和徐尼乌苏大断裂之间,增生并叠加于早古生代白乃庙弧增生杂岩带之上,构成内蒙古高原晚古生代弧岩浆带的重要组成部分。
(3)系统研究了哈达庙地区岩浆岩的岩石学和地球化学,初步查明了岩浆起源和源区特征。研究提出：毕力赫东部早古生代花岗闪长岩(εHf(t)：5.079～7.899；δ180：2.3～2.7‰)起源于大洋俯冲板片之上的楔形地幔；277～273Ma的哈达庙石英闪长岩,微量元素显示其携带了大量的SZC组分,其地球化学(Si02:57.33％～60.34%,Isr:O.706～0.707,εNd(t):-3.8～-4.0,εNd(t):-0.44～3.88)证据表明,岩浆起源于被SZC组分交代的富集地幔,并遭受强烈的地壳(新生)物质混染；272～269Ma的哈达庙含金花岗斑岩和毕力赫金矿流纹岩,具有异常高的Si02.U、Th、K含量和相对亏损的Eu、Sr、Ba丰度,显示碰撞型岩浆地球化学特征；267Ma的毫义哈达黑云母花岗岩具有埃达克岩地球化学亲和性,总体可与西藏冈底斯碰撞带埃达克岩类比。毫义哈达黑云母花岗岩(Is.:0.705,εNd(t):-3.9,εHf(t):0.95～4.05)和哈达庙含金花岗斑岩(Is,:0.704～0.707,εNd(t):-3.6～-4.0；εHf(t):-0.44-3.88)的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征反映埃达质岩浆起源于该区新生下地壳,而含金长英质岩浆则起源于新生下地壳的上部；256Ma的毕力赫花岗斑岩具有A型花岗岩特征,其同位素特征(Is,:0.703～0.704,εNd(t):+1.2～+1.7,εHf(t):7.03～9.35)暗示其岩浆的形成有更多的亏损幔源(软流圈)组分的贡献；毕力赫含金花岗闪长斑岩(Is,:0.703～0.709,εNd(t):-2.5～+0.19,εHf(t):2.89～7.17)的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征和含有大量SZC组分,显示其原岩来自于交代型幔源基性组分(洋壳转化下地壳)与壳源混染；晚古生代岩浆岩的Pb同位素模式和普遍具有异常高μ值(9.38～9.57)暗示,其源岩主要来自于成熟岛弧与上地壳组分混染。
(4)通过哈达庙地区古生代岩浆岩的构造-岩浆组合和形成环境分析,提出该岩浆组合记录了哈达庙地区古亚洲洋从俯冲、碰撞到造山后伸展的详细演化过程。根据构造-岩浆组合的构造背景、形成时限和地球化学特征,研究提出：古亚洲洋俯冲发生于277～273Ma,以哈达庙弧石英闪长岩为标志；弧-弧碰撞发生于272～269Ma,以哈达庙含金花岗斑岩、毕力赫金矿流纹岩为标志；挤压向伸展转换发生于269～267Ma,以毫义哈达埃达克质黑云母花岗岩、毕力赫含金花岗闪长斑岩为标志；造山后伸展大致出现于258Ma前后,以镶黄旗A型花岗岩为标志。据此,建立了哈达庙地区构造-岩浆演化模式。
(5)查明了哈达庙和毕力赫矿区含矿岩系的形成环境和岩浆起源演化特征,提出本区与岩浆有关金矿形成于晚古生代增生造山带的碰撞阶段和挤压-伸展转换阶段,为建立哈达庙金矿和毕力赫金矿床的成因模式提供了重要基础。而非前人认为的板内环境。
(6)重点研究了矿区含矿斑岩,指出成矿岩体具有S型花岗岩特征,具有较大的Is,值变化范围,含有大量较老的捕获锆石(1166～1127Ma),遭受较强的地壳混染。在毕力赫金矿和哈达庙金矿发现大量与矿化有关的电气石化,暗示富硼岩浆硼的加入,为成矿元素(Au)充分富集提供了条件。
(7)根据矿床成因模型、R型因子矿化元素组合、元素分带指数以及区域遥感、重力和航磁异常分析,指出哈达庙地区毕力赫东花岗闪长岩、毕力赫外围花岗闪长岩、毫义哈达具有埃达克岩性质的黑云母花岗岩、镶黄旗南后二道沟花岗闪长岩类,具有较大的成矿潜力。提出重力和航磁高异常区、R型因子元素组合(Cu-Au-Ag-Bi)所指示的高异常区、火山断陷盆地与NW向张性正断层交汇区、还原性的钛铁矿系列和富硼岩浆等,是重要的区域成矿评价要素和找矿标志。
(8)通过区域对比和成矿规律分析,首次提出,哈达庙Au矿集区与华北地台北缘东段赤峰地区Cu-Mo成矿带以及内蒙古乌拉山-大青山地区浆控型Au矿带构成了一条晚古生代成矿带,产于华北地台北缘内蒙古高原晚古生代弧岩浆带内,具有巨大的找矿潜力。
The central Asia orogen is a continental collision zone where small crustal blocks (terranes), typically volcanic arcs or micro-continents are welded onto older crustal blocks with significant ore deposits and additional resource potential. There has produced many world-class mineral deposits of gold, silver, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc and nickel in the western section of the central Asia orogen, which are generally well understood. But, there are few analogous deposits in the estern section of the central Asia orogen.Through researching on the features and evolution of the Paloe-Asia Ocean, and the magmas and the related gold deposits in Hadamiao areas, that the rules about the eastern sectors of the Paloe-Asia Ocean has been concluded, and the evolution model of the magmas in Hadamiao areas and the metallogenic model of the gold deposits has been built in this paper. Based on analysising the geological, and the physical, and the chemical, and the remote sensors, the gold resource potential in Hadamiao areas be prospected. By systematic studying of the gold deposits in Hadamiao areas and the lots of adjacent deposits, the potential of metallogenic (such as gold, copper, molybdenum and et al.) in the northern margins of the North China Platforms has been estimated.
This study have got more innovative progresses and achievements.
(1) The high accurate zircon U-Pb ages of nine magmatic rocks in Hadamiao area of the northern margins of the North China Platforms were measured firstly, and the chronology sequence of the magmatic rocks was built, and two groups tectonic and magmatic events be comfirmed, and it composed of the early-Paloezoic events with the ages of 445.6±2.7Ma and the late-Paloezic events with the ages from 277Ma to 257Ma. And the traditional viewpoints that the magmatic rocks was happened in Yanshanian period has been changed. At the same time, the evolution of the Paloe-Asia Oceans in the eastern sectors has been restricted.
(2) The space/time distribution of the Hadamiao magmas have a certain rules. The early-Paloezic magmatic rocks developed in the accretionary complexes of Bainaimiao, and controlled by the Xuniwusu faults, such as the granodiorites(with age of 445.6±2.7Ma) with the property of the arc magmas in the eastern sectors of Bilihe gold mine area, and the gneissic quratz diorites(with age from 459Ma to 454Ma) and the granodiorite porphyry (with ages of 440Ma)with the property of the arc magmas. The late-Paloezic granites distributed between the Ondor Sum faults and the Xuniwusu faults, and accreted and stacked in the early-Paloezic accreted complexes with the property of the arc magmas. And it was made up of the parts of the magmatic belts with the property of the arc magmas in the Inner Mogolia Plateaus, such as Hadamiao quratz diorites(with age from 277Ma to 273Ma) and the grano-porphyrys (with age from 272Ma to 270Ma) in Hadamiao gold mine area, and the granodiorite porphyrys (with age of 269±2.5Ma) and the grano-porphyry (with age from 272Ma to 270Ma) and the granodiorites(with age of 267±1.3Ma) in Bilihe gold mine area, and the feldspar granites (with age from 263Ma to 262Ma) in the southern sector of Xianghuangqi county area, and the adamellites(with age of 266±2Ma) in the northern sector of Xianghuangqi county area, and the quratz diorites (with age of 266±2 Ma)and the adakitic granites(with age of 267.2±1.4Ma) in the eastern sector of Xianghuangqi county area.
(3) Through the systematic petrology and geochemistry studying of the magmatics in Hadamiao areas, the magmas genesis has been found out. The original of the early-Paloezoic granites (εHf(t)=5.079 to 7.899) in the eastern sector of Bilihe gold mine area come from the wedge-type mantles above the subduction slaps of the ocean blocks. The Hadamiao quartz-diorites (with age from 277 to 273Ma) contained with lots of SZC matters, and the geochemical features (SiO2=57.33 to 60.34, and ISr=0.706 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.8 to-4.0, andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) show that their origin is the enriched mantles and metasomatited by the SZC matters, and have strongly mixed by the crust(fresh forming crusts). The gold-bearing grano-porphyries in Hadamiao area and the Belihe rhyolites (with age from 272 to 269Ma) with high contents of SiO2, and the standardized value of U and Th and K, and relatively defective standardizing value of Eu and Sr and Ba, showed that they were the Collision-type Granites. The biotite-granites in Haoyihada haing some adakitic property, and the features of Sr-Nd-Hf (ISr=0.704 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.6 to-4.0; andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) show that origined from the fresh forming lower crust, and the gold-bearing grano-porphyries in Hadamiao(ISr=0.704 to 0.707, andεNd(t)=-3.6 to-4.0; andεHf(t)=-0.44 to 3.88) was origined from the upper of the fresh forming lower crust. The features of the isotopes(ISr=0.703 to 0.704, andεNd(t)=+1.2 to+1.7, andεHf(t)=7.03 to 9.35) from Bilihe granites show that its property is A-type granite bearing more components of defective mantles.
(4) Through analyzing the combination of the magmas and the tectonic setting, the evolution process of the Paleozoic Asia Ocean orgining from the subduction to collision and extending during after-orogeny period in Hadamiao area has been confirmed clearly. The subduction of the Paleozoic Asia Ocean took place during the period from 277Ma and 273Ma, and marked by the Hadamiao quartz-diorites. And the collision of the arc between the continents or between the arcs took place during the period from 272Ma to 269Ma, and marked by the gold-bearing grano-porphyry in Hadamiao area and the rhyolites in Bilihe area. And the tectonically transforming from transpression to transtension took place during the period from 269 Ma to 267Ma, and marked by the adakitc granites in Haoyihada area and the gold-bearing granite diorite porphyry in Bilihe gold deposits. The extending took place at 258Ma, and marked by the granodiorites with the property of the A-type granites in Xianghuangqi area. Thus, the tectonic-magmas evolution model of Hadamiao area has been built.
(5) The favorable controlling factors for gold metallogenic in Hadamiao area are mainly the tectonic features and S-type granites. The gold mineralization of the Bilihe gold deposit and the Hadamiao gold deposit took place under the collision setting during the shifted stages from the tectonically transforming from transpression to transtension in the late-Paloezoic period, while was not the within plate conditions. And the S-type granites related to gold mineralization is characteristiced by the large extension values of the Isr, and bearing a lots of old captured zircons (with age from 1166Ma to 1127Ma), and having mixed strongly by the crust, and the magmas bearing boron. It provided the accurate time for understanding the gold and combined elements ore-forming processes. So, the realistic deposit model of gold deposits has been established.
(6) Based on the genetic model of the gold deposits, and the abnormal areas of metallogenic related elements assembled of R types factors, and the remote sensors information, and the gravities and the aeromagnetic survey datum has been analysized. It is conformed that the granodiorites around Bilihe gold deposits, and the biotitic-granites with the property of adakites in Haoyihada, and the Houerdaogou granodiorites in Xianghuangqi all have the great gold metallogenic potentials. The abnormal areas of the gravity, and the aeromagnetic survey, and the metallogenic elements assembled of R types factors(Cu-Au-Ag-Bi), and the intersection areas between the volcanic breaking basins and the extended normal faults northwest-wards, and the granites with the reducing property of the imelnite series and bearing boron are the important controlling factors for the regional mineral resources appraising, and also are the indicating marks for metallogenic exploration and prospecting work in Hadamiao Areas.
(7) By analyzing and comparative studying the regional metallogenic rules among regional areas, it is found out firstly that there be a late-Paloezoic metallogenic belts in the northern margins of the North China Platform, which composed of the Hadamiao gold deposits related to the magmas and the metallogenic belts of copper and molybdenum in the regions of Chifeng, which located in the eastern sections of the nothern China and the gold deposits related to magmas in the Wula Mountain and the Daqing Mountain in the western Mogolia province of China. And it developed in the magmatic belts with the property of the arc magmas in Inner Mogolia Plateaus. The regional metallogenic belts have great minerals resources potential.
引文
①苏尼特金曦黄金矿业有限公司.2008.内蒙古自治区苏尼特右旗毕力赫矿区—Ⅱ矿带15-40线岩金矿详查报告[R].2008
②内蒙古自治区103地质队.1991.哈达庙金矿详查报告[R].
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