岩质边坡稳定性分析理论与锚固设计优化研究
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摘要
边坡问题特别是山区边坡问题依然是影响基础设施建设、社会、科技进步与经济发展的重大地质灾害问题。本文结合山区岩质边坡的岩体真实力学特性,比较深入系统的开展了典型锚固岩质边坡稳定性与关键锚固参数优化分析的相关研究,研究成果能为山区典型类型的岩质边坡稳定性分析与锚固设计提供参考与借鉴。通过系统的理论推导和优化计算,获得了如下创新性成果：
(1)立足于工程实际中几种典型类型的岩质边坡破坏模式,通过分析现有岩质边坡锚固参数优化计算模型的不足,建立起了实际典型边坡失稳型式下并考虑岩体材料真实非线性破坏特性的岩质边坡稳定性分析方法和锚固参数优化分析方法；
(2)线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则条件下,综合考虑水位升降、流水淘蚀作用和锚固效应等多复杂因素影响,建立了临河平面滑动岩质边坡稳定性分析的概化理论模型,提出了合理评价临河平面滑动岩质边坡稳定性的方法,对山区临河平面滑动岩质边坡病害的分析和防治措施具有积极的价值；
(3)基于非线性Barton-Bandis破坏准则,提出了锚固岩石节理面控制的平面滑动岩质边坡抗滑稳定性分析方法,说明了节理面控制岩体滑裂面上抗剪强度参数的正确获取对正确分析和加固节理面控制岩质边坡稳定性的重要性；
(4)基于非线性Hoek-Brown破坏准则,结合强度折减技术和极限分析上限理论,对类均质岩体边坡失稳和锚索加固稳定性能量分析方法进行了改进与拓展,提出了锚索(杆)边坡加固优化设计流程,研究成果能为岩体构筑物锚固设计决策的建立提供思路；
(5)基于Janbu法的基本思想,建立了利用随机角生成随机滑动面用于搜索二维、三维锚固岩质边坡最危险滑动面的分析方法,获得了考虑预应力锚索的锚固效应的二维和三维锚固岩质边坡的稳定性分析算式。
The problems with respect to slopes especially those in mountain area remain to be crucial geological hazards to the infrastructure construction, society, scientific and technological progress, and the economic development. In this thesis, the optimization analysis is conducted thoroughly and systematically on the typically anchored slope, which is based on the true characters of rock slopes in mountain area. The results provide a relatively sound reference for the stability analysis of typical rock slope and the anchorage design. Therefore, by the means of theoretical derivation and optimization analysis, the original and innovative achievements are obtained and summarized as follows:
(1) On the basis of several typical rock slop failure mechanisms in engineering and through analyzing the weakness of optimization analysis models in terms of the anchoring parameters of rock slope, a method for analyzing the stability of rock slope and an optimization analysis method of anchoring parameters are established which take the truly nonlinear destruction properties of rock material into account.
(2) A conceptual model for the stability analysis of plane rock slope bordering a river is established based on linear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, considering the various effects such as the variation of groundwater table, water scouring, anchoring. Meanwhile, the method for evaluating the stability of river-bordering rock slope is presented, which is significant to analyze as well as to provide the methods of prevention and treatment for the river-bordered plane slope disease.
(3) On the basis of the nonlinear Barton-Bandis failure criterion, the technique of anti-sliding stability analysis of the plane-failure rock-slope is presented here, in which the anti-sliding stability is controlled by the anchor cable acting on the rock joint surface. The analysis results demonstrate that the proper selection of anti-shear strength parameter with respect to the sliding surface controlling by rock joint surface is significant for analyzing and reinforcing the stability of rock slope controlled by the joint surface.
(4) Based on nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion and combined with strength reduction technique and upper bound limit analysis theory, the energy analysis method for analyzing the loss of stability of assumed homogeneous rock slopes and evaluating stability of anchor-cable reinforced is improved and extended. Then, the simplified design procedure for the anchor-bolt and anchor-cable is presented, which provides some references for the anchoring design strategy of rock structure design.
(5) Based on the principle of Janbu method, The method for searching the critical surfaces of two-and three-dimensional anchored slopes is proposed through using random angle to generate random sliding surface. Furthermore, the expression for evaluating the stability of two-and three-dimensional anchored slopes is obtained, in which the anchor effect of prestressed anchor cable is taken into account.
(1)立足于工程实际中几种典型类型的岩质边坡破坏模式,通过分析现有岩质边坡锚固参数优化计算模型的不足,建立起了实际典型边坡失稳型式下并考虑岩体材料真实非线性破坏特性的岩质边坡稳定性分析方法和锚固参数优化分析方法；
(2)线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则条件下,综合考虑水位升降、流水淘蚀作用和锚固效应等多复杂因素影响,建立了临河平面滑动岩质边坡稳定性分析的概化理论模型,提出了合理评价临河平面滑动岩质边坡稳定性的方法,对山区临河平面滑动岩质边坡病害的分析和防治措施具有积极的价值；
(3)基于非线性Barton-Bandis破坏准则,提出了锚固岩石节理面控制的平面滑动岩质边坡抗滑稳定性分析方法,说明了节理面控制岩体滑裂面上抗剪强度参数的正确获取对正确分析和加固节理面控制岩质边坡稳定性的重要性；
(4)基于非线性Hoek-Brown破坏准则,结合强度折减技术和极限分析上限理论,对类均质岩体边坡失稳和锚索加固稳定性能量分析方法进行了改进与拓展,提出了锚索(杆)边坡加固优化设计流程,研究成果能为岩体构筑物锚固设计决策的建立提供思路；
(5)基于Janbu法的基本思想,建立了利用随机角生成随机滑动面用于搜索二维、三维锚固岩质边坡最危险滑动面的分析方法,获得了考虑预应力锚索的锚固效应的二维和三维锚固岩质边坡的稳定性分析算式。
The problems with respect to slopes especially those in mountain area remain to be crucial geological hazards to the infrastructure construction, society, scientific and technological progress, and the economic development. In this thesis, the optimization analysis is conducted thoroughly and systematically on the typically anchored slope, which is based on the true characters of rock slopes in mountain area. The results provide a relatively sound reference for the stability analysis of typical rock slope and the anchorage design. Therefore, by the means of theoretical derivation and optimization analysis, the original and innovative achievements are obtained and summarized as follows:
(1) On the basis of several typical rock slop failure mechanisms in engineering and through analyzing the weakness of optimization analysis models in terms of the anchoring parameters of rock slope, a method for analyzing the stability of rock slope and an optimization analysis method of anchoring parameters are established which take the truly nonlinear destruction properties of rock material into account.
(2) A conceptual model for the stability analysis of plane rock slope bordering a river is established based on linear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, considering the various effects such as the variation of groundwater table, water scouring, anchoring. Meanwhile, the method for evaluating the stability of river-bordering rock slope is presented, which is significant to analyze as well as to provide the methods of prevention and treatment for the river-bordered plane slope disease.
(3) On the basis of the nonlinear Barton-Bandis failure criterion, the technique of anti-sliding stability analysis of the plane-failure rock-slope is presented here, in which the anti-sliding stability is controlled by the anchor cable acting on the rock joint surface. The analysis results demonstrate that the proper selection of anti-shear strength parameter with respect to the sliding surface controlling by rock joint surface is significant for analyzing and reinforcing the stability of rock slope controlled by the joint surface.
(4) Based on nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion and combined with strength reduction technique and upper bound limit analysis theory, the energy analysis method for analyzing the loss of stability of assumed homogeneous rock slopes and evaluating stability of anchor-cable reinforced is improved and extended. Then, the simplified design procedure for the anchor-bolt and anchor-cable is presented, which provides some references for the anchoring design strategy of rock structure design.
(5) Based on the principle of Janbu method, The method for searching the critical surfaces of two-and three-dimensional anchored slopes is proposed through using random angle to generate random sliding surface. Furthermore, the expression for evaluating the stability of two-and three-dimensional anchored slopes is obtained, in which the anchor effect of prestressed anchor cable is taken into account.
引文
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