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特许经营信息披露制度的立法研究
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摘要
特许经营被预言为21世纪最有魅力的经营模式。特许经营这种成功的特许人、受许人“双赢”商业模式在推动经济迅速发展的同时,也存在着相当的风险,特别是潜在受许人在加入特许体系时所面临的欺诈的风险。随着我国本土特许经营的迅速发展,以及国外特许经营的不断进入,由于缺少相关的法律法规约束,一些不法经营者利用特许经营进行投机、诈骗等问题也逐渐浮出水面。
    各国的立法实践及理论研究表明:防范特许经营风险,保护投资者利益的核心在于设立信息披露制度。国家为了保障特许经营的健康发展,今后在特许经营的特别立法方面,应将立法重点放在特许经营的信息披露上,借鉴发达国家在特许经营信息披露方面的成功的立法经验,并借鉴证券信息披露中相对成熟的立法规定。通过法律规定特许人的披露义务,让投资者在进行投资决策前获得关于特许人及特许体系充分的相关信息,从而使投资者在知情的基础上做出理性的投资判断。
    本文将从概述特许经营历史发展、概念等出发,分析特许经营特别立法的方向,重点阐述设立特许经营信息披露制度的必要性和理论基础,并通过比较和研究特许经营信息披露制度的基本原则和具体制度,以及违反信息披露的民事责任,指出了我国特许经营信息披露规定中存在的问题,并对今后我国特许经营特别立法提出立法建议。
Franchising is predicted to be the most attractive business mode in the 21st century. As a “win-win” business mode, franchising has greatly promoted the development of economy, but at the same time, there exists considerable risks for the potential franchisee, especially the frauds faced by the potential franchisee when he plan to join the franchising system.
    In this thesis, the author thinks that by referring to the international practice of franchising legislation and the relatively developed information disclosure system of securities law, we can set strict and detailed requirements as the franchisers’ disclosure obligations, so that the (potential) franchisees can have a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the franchising system before they finally decide to join it, which will greatly decrease the risk of franchising. During the fast developing period of franchising in China, it’s very important for China to establish information disclosure system through special franchising legislation, which will safeguard the interests of vast investors and the healthy development of franchising in China.
    In this thesis, the author starts from the origin and definition of franchising, and then analyzes the direction of franchising. By proposing the basic principals and concrete systems of disclosure, even the liability of violation, the author in the end points out the main problems existing in the current stipulations of China and provides some suggestions for the future special legislation of franchising in China.
引文
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    中国特许经营网 www. franchise.com.cn
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