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绿色供应链管理的战略决策模型
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摘要
随着竞争的日益激烈和可持续经济的发展,环境管理已成为企业健康发展的重要内容。另一方面,企业积极地整合其供应链流程,以降低成本,提高服务水平和核心竞争力。绿色供应链管理就是这两种趋势相互渗透、相互作用的结果。
    目前,绿色供应链管理还处于起步阶段,而且实施绿色供应链是一项复杂而庞大的系统工程,所以必须在实施前进行科学的战略决策,才能减少风险,确保实施成功。为此,本文在综合大量国外最新文献的基础上,研究了实施绿色供应链管理的战略决策模型。
    首先,在综合考虑了绿色供应链管理的内外部决策要素组成及相互关系的基础上,改进了Joseph Sarkis(2003年)提出的绿色供应链管理决策框架,引入了外部决策要素,增加了重要的内部决策因素,如绿色合作、绿色设计、环境绩效等,相比较于原模型更接近现实决策;并采用了先进的分析工具,即Saaty(1996年)提出的ANP(Analytic Network Process)网络分析法构建了模型;并将改进后的决策模型应用到重庆LF集团公司,说明了用ANP法进行绿色供应链管理战略决策的过程。
    其次对该决策框架中的两个子要素,即绿色回收和环境绩效进行了研究。
    在绿色回收上,简述了实施绿色回收的动因和基本条件;重点对绿色回收战略的三个方面,即绿色回收方案决策、回收系统设计以及回收网络设计进行了研究;并简单分析了我国实施绿色回收战略的限制和阻碍。
    在环境绩效上,所做的主要工作是在参考国外相关文献的基础上设计了环境绩效指标体系,定性分析了环境绩效指标对其他供应链指标的影响及环境绩效的整合问题;然后根据环境绩效指标体系的特点,运用模糊综合评价法对重庆LF集团公司供应链系统中的环境绩效进行了评价。
With increasingly competition and the development of sustainable economy, environmental management has become an important aspect of companies developing healthily. On the other hand, companies are actively integrating their supply chain processes to lower costs, increasing core competence and better serve customers. These two trends combine to green supply chain management.
    Today, green supply chain management is primary stage. And it is a complex and huge systems engineering. So it is necessary to carry on strategic decision scientifically before implement so as to decrease risk and insure success. On the basis of consulting a large amount of foreign literatures, this paper study on the strategic decision model for green supply chain management.
    Firstly, based on analyzing synthetically external and internal factors and their interrelation of decision framework for green supply chain management this paper mend the decision model proposed by Joseph Sarkis in 2003. In the model I introduce external factors such as environmental regulation and add a few important internal factors involved green cooperation, green design and environmental performance. Compared with original model it approached reality even more. Then the paper adopt the advanced analysis tool, which is analytic network process first proposed by Saaty in 1996, to structure mathematics model. At the same time the paper use emendatory model to LF group company of Chongqing to display the decision process of ANP for green supply chain management.
    Secondly, the paper research mainly two sub-factors of decision framework.
    In the study of green recovery, the paper analyze the dynamic reason and each participant's responsibility for green recovery. Then it researches on electing alternatives, design of system and design of network in the green recovery. At last it analyze the hamper and obstruct to implement green recovery in China so as to solve problem.
    In the study of environmental performance, the main work is to design the environmental performance measurement system on the basis of referencing overseas literatures. And it qualitative analyze environmental performance how to affect the other performance of supply chain. Then use fuzzy evaluation method to appraise the environmental performance of LF group company supply chain system.
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