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基于VHDL语言的单片机设计
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摘要
伴随着集成电路(IC)技术的发展,电子设计自动化(EDA)逐渐成为重要的设计手
    段,己经广泛应用于模拟与数字电路系统等许多领域。电子设计自动化是一种实现
    电子系统或电子产品自动化设计的技术,它与电子技术、微电子技术的发展密切相
    关,它吸收了计算机科学领域的大多数最新研究成果,以高性能的计算机作为工作
    平台,促进了工程发展。EDA技术的发展始干70年代,至今经历了三个阶段。电子线
    路的C A D(计算机辅助设计)是EDA发展的初级阶段,80年代初期,形成了CAE(计算
    机辅助工程)。也就是所谓的EDA技术中级阶段。90年代出现了以自动综合器和硬件
    描述语言为基础,全面支持电子设计自动化的ESDA(电子系统设计自动化),即高级
    EDA阶段、也就是目前常说的EDA。使用EDA技术设计的结果既可以用FPGA/CPLD来实
    施验证,也可以直接做成专用集成电路(ASIC)。EDA的一个重要特征就是使用硬件描
    述语言(HDL)来完成的设计文件,诞生于1982年的VHDL语言是经IEEE确认的标准硬件
    描述语言,在电子设计领域受到了广泛的接受。本文首先综述了EDA技术和PLD器件
    的发展概况;然后对MCS8051单片机的原理进行介绍和分析;接着介绍使用FPGA进行
    开发设计的优点以及VHDL语言‘和MAXPLUS软件的特点,也介绍了本文的设计方案;
    接下来介绍使用EDA技术,用VHDL语言完成了8051单片机的设计工作;最后介绍了EDA
    技术的前沿发展趋势及系统开发中的几点体会。
     本文的难点在于CPU和数模转换器的设计,主要体现在算术逻辑单元ALU算术运
    算的算法实现和控制单元的状态机的设计;以及数模转换器的∑-△调制方法的实
    现。通过如上的算法实现,可以看出VHDL语言在算法级的设计上具有很多的优势和
    特点。
The Electronic Design Automation(EDA) technology has become an important
    design method of analog and digital circuit system as the integrated circuit's
    growing. The EDA technology, which is closely connected with the electronic
    technology, microelectronics technology and computer science, can be used in
    designing electronic product automatically. It was firstly put forwarded In
    70s.And till now there has been three stages of the EDA. That is the computer
    aided design (CAD) of electronic circuit in 70s,the computer aided engineering
    (CAE) in 80s and the electronic system design automation(ESDA) in 90s. The
    ESD A, Which is called EDA now ,is based on the automatic synthesizer and the
    hardware description language (HDL) . The design result of EDA can not only be
    verified by FPGA/CPLD but also be implemented through the Application
    Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). One important characteristic of the EDA is
    that the design documents should be completed by the HDL. The VHDL is one
    of the standard hardware description languages validated by IEEE, which was
    firstly introduced in 1982. And it was widely used by electronic designer now.
     We firstly present some background information of EDA, PLD devices in
    this thesis.The principle and analyze of Intel8051 then was introduced .and then
    introduced the information about the FPGA/CPLD ,VHDL language and the
    software MAXPLUS, also the design plan is introduced. The design of a digital
    8051 system, which is fulfilled by the VHDL, is also be discussed. Finally the
    current development trend of the EDA and my several experiences about the
    designing of the system are related.
     The key point in this paper is the method how to design the CPU and the
    DAC. It's mainly focus on the realization of ALU, the method to design the Finite
     II
    
    
    Abstract
    State Machine in the control unit and the realization of the Σ - △ modulation
    arithmetic with VHDL. Through the design and realization of the arithmetic above, we
    can know the VHDL have lots of advantage and characteristic in realizing the design
    of arithmetic level.
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