摘要
伴随着集成电路(IC)技术的发展,电子设计自动化(EDA)逐渐成为重要的设计手
段,己经广泛应用于模拟与数字电路系统等许多领域。电子设计自动化是一种实现
电子系统或电子产品自动化设计的技术,它与电子技术、微电子技术的发展密切相
关,它吸收了计算机科学领域的大多数最新研究成果,以高性能的计算机作为工作
平台,促进了工程发展。EDA技术的发展始干70年代,至今经历了三个阶段。电子线
路的C A D(计算机辅助设计)是EDA发展的初级阶段,80年代初期,形成了CAE(计算
机辅助工程)。也就是所谓的EDA技术中级阶段。90年代出现了以自动综合器和硬件
描述语言为基础,全面支持电子设计自动化的ESDA(电子系统设计自动化),即高级
EDA阶段、也就是目前常说的EDA。使用EDA技术设计的结果既可以用FPGA/CPLD来实
施验证,也可以直接做成专用集成电路(ASIC)。EDA的一个重要特征就是使用硬件描
述语言(HDL)来完成的设计文件,诞生于1982年的VHDL语言是经IEEE确认的标准硬件
描述语言,在电子设计领域受到了广泛的接受。本文首先综述了EDA技术和PLD器件
的发展概况;然后对MCS8051单片机的原理进行介绍和分析;接着介绍使用FPGA进行
开发设计的优点以及VHDL语言‘和MAXPLUS软件的特点,也介绍了本文的设计方案;
接下来介绍使用EDA技术,用VHDL语言完成了8051单片机的设计工作;最后介绍了EDA
技术的前沿发展趋势及系统开发中的几点体会。
本文的难点在于CPU和数模转换器的设计,主要体现在算术逻辑单元ALU算术运
算的算法实现和控制单元的状态机的设计;以及数模转换器的∑-△调制方法的实
现。通过如上的算法实现,可以看出VHDL语言在算法级的设计上具有很多的优势和
特点。
The Electronic Design Automation(EDA) technology has become an important
design method of analog and digital circuit system as the integrated circuit's
growing. The EDA technology, which is closely connected with the electronic
technology, microelectronics technology and computer science, can be used in
designing electronic product automatically. It was firstly put forwarded In
70s.And till now there has been three stages of the EDA. That is the computer
aided design (CAD) of electronic circuit in 70s,the computer aided engineering
(CAE) in 80s and the electronic system design automation(ESDA) in 90s. The
ESD A, Which is called EDA now ,is based on the automatic synthesizer and the
hardware description language (HDL) . The design result of EDA can not only be
verified by FPGA/CPLD but also be implemented through the Application
Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). One important characteristic of the EDA is
that the design documents should be completed by the HDL. The VHDL is one
of the standard hardware description languages validated by IEEE, which was
firstly introduced in 1982. And it was widely used by electronic designer now.
We firstly present some background information of EDA, PLD devices in
this thesis.The principle and analyze of Intel8051 then was introduced .and then
introduced the information about the FPGA/CPLD ,VHDL language and the
software MAXPLUS, also the design plan is introduced. The design of a digital
8051 system, which is fulfilled by the VHDL, is also be discussed. Finally the
current development trend of the EDA and my several experiences about the
designing of the system are related.
The key point in this paper is the method how to design the CPU and the
DAC. It's mainly focus on the realization of ALU, the method to design the Finite
II
Abstract
State Machine in the control unit and the realization of the Σ - △ modulation
arithmetic with VHDL. Through the design and realization of the arithmetic above, we
can know the VHDL have lots of advantage and characteristic in realizing the design
of arithmetic level.
引文
1 褚振勇,翁木云.FPGA设计及应用.西安电子科技大学出版社.2003.1
2 黄正谨,徐坚,章小丽等.CPLD系统设计机输入门与应用.电子工业出版社.
2002.3
3 张洪润,蓝清华.单片机应用技术教程.清华大学出版社.1999.9
4 胡汉才.单片机原理及其接口技术.清华大学出版社.2000.3
5 徐志军,须光辉.CPLD/FPGA的开发与应用.电子工业出版社.2002.1
6 潘松,王国栋.VHDL使用教程.电子科技大学出版社.2002.12
7 潘松,黄继业.EDA技术实用教程.北京:科学出版社,2002.8
8 李广军,孟宪元.可编程ASIC设计及应用.电子科技大学出版社.2000.10
9 夏宇闻.复杂数字电路与系统的Verilog HDL设计技术.北京航空航天大学出
版社.1999.10
10 康华光.电子技术基础数学部分. 北京:高等教育出版社,1994.9
11 徐淑华,程退安,姚万生.单片微型机原理机应用.哈尔滨工业大学出版
社.1994.4
12 石东海 .单片机数据通信技术从入门到精通 .西安电子科技大学出版
社.2002.11
13 曾繁泰,侯亚宁,崔元明.可编程器件应用导论.清华大学出版社.2001.4
14 先锋工作室.单片机程序设计实例.清华大学出版社.2003.6
15 林明权.VHDL数字控制系统设计范例.电子工业出版社.2002.6
16 王金明,杨吉斌.数字系统设计与Verilog HDL语言. 电子工业出版社.2002.8
17 I.Scott Mackenzie.The 8051 Microcontroller.Microelectronics Journal,Volume
30,Issue 8,August 1999
18 Bannatyne,R.Debugging aids for systems-on-a-chip.Morthcon/98 Conference
Proceedings,1998
19 Mark Zwolinski.Digital System Design with VHDL.电子工业出版社,2002
20 Stephen Brown.Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design.机械工业
出版社,2002.5
21 廖裕评,陆瑞强.CPLD数字电路设计—使用MAXPLUS.清华大学出版
社.2002.6
22 宋万杰,罗丰,吴顺君.CPLD技术及其应用.西安电子科技大学出版社2001.6
23 侯伯亨,顾新.VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计.西安电子科技大学
出版社,1999
24 郑春华,张杰,李东.单片及应用系统的CPLD应用设计.单片机与嵌入式系
统应用,2002.9
25 丁文霞.EDA技术在现代系统中的应用.电子技术应用,2002.8
26 Rochit Rajsuman.System-on-a-Chip:Design and Test.Bei Hang Press.2003.8
- 69 -
北京工业大学工学硕士学位论文
27 LuXiaojian,LiWeidong.A novel scheme of FLEX pagerdesign.Communication
Technology Proceedings,2000
28 1076 IEEE Standard VHDL Language Reference Manual.IEEE Std
1076-2002(Revision of IEEE Std 1076,2002 Edn),2002
29 Altera Corporation. Max+plusⅡGetting Started
30 Oregano Systems.MC8051 IP Core Synthesizeable VHDL Microcontroller
IP-Core.June 2002
31 Yap Zi He.Building A RISC Microcontroller in an FPGA.Faculty of Electical
Engineering,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.March 2002
32 Lattice Semiconductor Corporation. Universal Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter.June 2001
33 John Logue.Virtex Synthesizable Delta-Sigma DAC.Xpp154 Sep.23,1999
34 高广天,徐振英.数模转换器应用技术.科学出版社.2000.4
35 高光天,薛天宇,孟庆昌等.模数转换器应用技术.科学出版社.2001.1
36 CIC Training Manual.FPGA Synthesis Training Course.July 1999
37 Altera Corporation.FLEX10K Programmable Logic Device Family Data
Sheet.February 2002
38 Altera Corporation.APEX20K Programmable Logic Device Family Data
Sheet.February 2002
39 Shi Yuanyuan,Liu Jia.Single-chip speech recognition system based on 8051
microcontroller core.Consumer Electronicsm,Feb,2001
40 Reto Zimmermann.VHDL Library of Arithmetic Units.Forum on Design
Languages(FDL’98),Lausanne,September 1998
41 Douang Phanthavong Technical Marketing Engineer.Re-timing for
Performangce Improvement in FPGA Design.Mentor Graphic
Corporation.April 2003
42 Douglas L.Perry.VHDL.McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc:Singapore.1999
43 Jan Gray.Building a RISC system in an FPGA:Part1,2&3,Circuit Cellar
Magazine.2000
44 孙华锦.基于VHDL语言的电子设计自动化及其应用.西北工业大学硕士学
位论文.2001.3
45 www.fpga.com.cn