城市已建成住宅改造更新初探
|
摘要
建国以来，我国在半个世纪的过程中投入大量人力物力，建造了许多城市住宅。城市人民的居住生活得到改善，居住需求遵循从低到高的层次递进规律，在居住的基本需求得到满足后，必然会产生高层次的需求，如渴望增大住宅面积，完善房型；注重住区室外环境和景观特色；日益重视住区安全防范、环境保护等等。特别是当前我国社会、经济、科技和体制领域正在经历着的一系列变革，给居住生活需求带来了的深刻的影响，要求已建成住宅及时做出应对。
同时，已建成住宅从经济因素上看，有着较大的挖潜、改造价值，并有着较好的城市空间区位。因此，通过成本较低的更新完善，发掘其潜在的经济价值，是住宅走向内涵发展的途径。从社会因素上看，已建成住宅中往往积累了家庭、邻里、同事、亲友等社会群体构成的社会网络，经过长时间的交往、磨合而形成相对成熟稳定的社区氛围。
由此可见，对已建成住区的更新完善进行研究，无论从理论还是实践角度都具有十分重要的意义。
“城市已建成住宅改造更新初探”是针对我国城市已建成住宅改造更新的需要，论述了城市已建成住宅改造更新的理论；对城市已建成住宅改造更新的实践进行了追溯；对其必要性进行了分析；并对改造更新中的设计问题和目标途径进行了研究，以期对探求城市已建成住宅改造方略上有所补益。
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, our country had used a lot of manpower and building material in urban housing development for more than fifty years. Followed rule of gradually progress, when the basic need of living is satisfied, demands for higher standards of urban housing emerged: large residential area, perfect building type, outdoors environment with the special landscape features; increasing need of safety in residential area, environmental protection etc. Especially, a series reform having been taken placed in social, economy, science, and system area in our country. These also bring profoundly affection on the living needs and requirements.
In the mean time, from the economic point of view, old house have more renewal value and better site than the newly built housing. Through improvement at low cost, the latent economic value will appear; the way to make housing progress more content has been found. From the social point of view the built housing have strong social link in family, neighborhood, colleague, friends and relatives...etc. Through long time communication and coordination, a mature and steady social atmosphere has formed.
And so, the research to the old built housing has great sense in theories and practice.
"The beginning explores for reform and renewal of the urban old built housing" is according to demand of reform and renewal of China city, discuss the theories of reform and renewal of the old built housing; review the long road for the city to practice the reforms; analysis the necessity of the theories; study the design, the way and the target during the reform and the renewal, for hoping that it could do a little help to the research.
同时，已建成住宅从经济因素上看，有着较大的挖潜、改造价值，并有着较好的城市空间区位。因此，通过成本较低的更新完善，发掘其潜在的经济价值，是住宅走向内涵发展的途径。从社会因素上看，已建成住宅中往往积累了家庭、邻里、同事、亲友等社会群体构成的社会网络，经过长时间的交往、磨合而形成相对成熟稳定的社区氛围。
由此可见，对已建成住区的更新完善进行研究，无论从理论还是实践角度都具有十分重要的意义。
“城市已建成住宅改造更新初探”是针对我国城市已建成住宅改造更新的需要，论述了城市已建成住宅改造更新的理论；对城市已建成住宅改造更新的实践进行了追溯；对其必要性进行了分析；并对改造更新中的设计问题和目标途径进行了研究，以期对探求城市已建成住宅改造方略上有所补益。
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, our country had used a lot of manpower and building material in urban housing development for more than fifty years. Followed rule of gradually progress, when the basic need of living is satisfied, demands for higher standards of urban housing emerged: large residential area, perfect building type, outdoors environment with the special landscape features; increasing need of safety in residential area, environmental protection etc. Especially, a series reform having been taken placed in social, economy, science, and system area in our country. These also bring profoundly affection on the living needs and requirements.
In the mean time, from the economic point of view, old house have more renewal value and better site than the newly built housing. Through improvement at low cost, the latent economic value will appear; the way to make housing progress more content has been found. From the social point of view the built housing have strong social link in family, neighborhood, colleague, friends and relatives...etc. Through long time communication and coordination, a mature and steady social atmosphere has formed.
And so, the research to the old built housing has great sense in theories and practice.
"The beginning explores for reform and renewal of the urban old built housing" is according to demand of reform and renewal of China city, discuss the theories of reform and renewal of the old built housing; review the long road for the city to practice the reforms; analysis the necessity of the theories; study the design, the way and the target during the reform and the renewal, for hoping that it could do a little help to the research.
引文
国际建筑师协会，北京宪章，新建筑，1999，4
刘先觉，现代建筑理论——建筑结合人文科学自然科学与技术科学，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1998
吴良镛等，北京旧城与菊儿胡同，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994
方可，北京旧城改造更新——调查、研究、探索，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000
J·Jacobs，The Death and Life of Great American Cities，Random Home：1961
王晓鸣，国外城市旧住宅（区）改善研究，城市规划，1999，5
何崴，从城市的角度看德国住宅更新，住区，2002，01
张亚津，德国大型板式住宅居住区改造，住区，2002，01
斯文·蒂伯乌伊，瑞典住宅研究与设计，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
英国后工业时期住宅状况，张杰，世界建筑，2000，5
俄罗斯大城市住宅建设趋势，E·C·普鲁宁，世界建筑导报，1998，3
前田正明/酒井祥吉，公共住宅の增筑运动，东京：ドメス出版社，1982
Lu Junhua/Peter G·Rowe/Zhang Jie，Mordern Urban Housing in CHINA1840—2000，Munich：Prestel，2001
李耀培，中国居住实态与小康住宅设计，南京：东南大学出版社，1999
王玉容，当代坡屋顶建筑，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1996
建筑学报，世界建筑，时代建筑，城市规划，住宅科技等专业期刊
刘先觉，现代建筑理论——建筑结合人文科学自然科学与技术科学，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1998
吴良镛等，北京旧城与菊儿胡同，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994
方可，北京旧城改造更新——调查、研究、探索，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000
J·Jacobs，The Death and Life of Great American Cities，Random Home：1961
王晓鸣，国外城市旧住宅（区）改善研究，城市规划，1999，5
何崴，从城市的角度看德国住宅更新，住区，2002，01
张亚津，德国大型板式住宅居住区改造，住区，2002，01
斯文·蒂伯乌伊，瑞典住宅研究与设计，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
英国后工业时期住宅状况，张杰，世界建筑，2000，5
俄罗斯大城市住宅建设趋势，E·C·普鲁宁，世界建筑导报，1998，3
前田正明/酒井祥吉，公共住宅の增筑运动，东京：ドメス出版社，1982
Lu Junhua/Peter G·Rowe/Zhang Jie，Mordern Urban Housing in CHINA1840—2000，Munich：Prestel，2001
李耀培，中国居住实态与小康住宅设计，南京：东南大学出版社，1999
王玉容，当代坡屋顶建筑，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1996
建筑学报，世界建筑，时代建筑，城市规划，住宅科技等专业期刊
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |