用户名: 密码: 验证码:
分布式仪器开发环境LabScene中网络资源端的研究和设计
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
最近几年以来,随着虚拟仪器技术与分布式对象技术的发展,尤其是网络通讯技术的显著进步和Internet的迅速普及,使得我们可以突破时间和地域限制将分布在不同地点的仪器设备通过网络连接起来协同工作,将一个个独立的仪器整合成一个分布式的仪器系统,从而获得更为强大的处理功能或者完成单台仪器所不能完成的任务,例如分布式的测控系统。同时,仪器的开发方式和实现技术也从传统的硬件为主逐渐过渡到以软件为主,NI甚至提出了“软件就是仪器”,到目前为了充分利用Internet的优势实现仪器的共享和协作越来越多的仪器开始采用分布式软件控制,形成了网络化的仪器和分布式仪器。
    分布式仪器开发环境LabScene正是产生于这一背景之下,它为分布式仪器的开发提供软件技术方面支持,力图使得分布式仪器的开发能够更为简单、便捷和容易。分布式仪器开发环境LabScene是一种软硬件相结合的分布式的软件系统,使用了众多的新技术,例如:在网络方面,采取分布式的系统构架;在集成方面,使用了组件技术、动态集成、接口统一的基于二进制代码层的集成技术;在操作方面,采用了图形代理和可视流程编程等概念;在管理方面,采用了日志文件,利用日志文件记录系统的一举一动;而整个项目采用成熟的UML建模技术,并在软件管理上尽量以CMM来要求。
    首先本文介绍了分布式仪器的相关概念和分布式仪器开发环境的现状,指出了仪器及其开发技术从硬件到软件再到分布式软件控制的趋势。其次本文对LabScene的理论基础和开发LabScene所采用的技术进行了详细地叙述,这其中包括虚拟仪器技术、分布式对象技术、面向对象和分布式组件技术等等。尤其是多层化分布式仪器是对三层网络化仪器的发展,将重点从以研究资源的共享为主转移到以研究和解决仪器之间协作为主。
    第三章是本文的重点,本文在该部分对LabScene的总体结构、LabScene各模块之间的数据交互和网络资源端的建模、设计、接口及技术要点进行详细地阐述,并介绍了在服务器中与网络资源有关的一些管理服务。该部分的要点同时也是本文的主要工作有如下几点:
    网络拓扑:对LabScene中主要元素之间的数据流进行了详细分析,指出了NR自主型网路拓扑在本应用中具有极大的优势,并对系统的流程运行效率进行了分析。
    对象组织:利用区域结构对LabScene系统中的对象进行层次化的组织,为网络资源提供了访问控制,以其在资源的共享性和安全性方面提供一个较为均衡的解决方案。
    网络资源端:通过对网络资源的改进,使得网络资源支持多输入输出,并利用缓冲、多线程等方式提高了流程的运转效率,减少了系统的网络开销,提高了网路资源的响应速度。
    完善的资源体系:通过增加网络资源的种类和数量,形成了一个比较完整的
    
    
    网络资源体系,有力的促进了LabScene实用化。
    资源粒度的变化:LabScene 致力于将粒度较大的仪器或资源整合在一起形成也更大的仪器系统,我们增加了一些粒度较小的通用资源以利于资源的整合和仪器之间的协作。
    用户自定义开发:通过为用户提供统一的接口,以及自定义资源的设计指导,使得用户可以开发自己的网络资源,并无缝的集成LabScene系统中来。
    应用领域的扩展:通过对LabScene的完善,使得LabScene的应用领域的进一步扩大,它不仅可用于实现资源共享与复用,还可以作为一个实验系统和分布式仪器的开发平台。
    最后本文以用例图、类图、状态图、序列图的形式给出了LabScene网络资源端的设计和实现结果并用几个运行实例证明了LabScene的实用性。
    LabScene是一个大型的开发项目,因此项目组的管理就显得非常重要,我们在整个系统中吸取CMM的管理模式的优点,全程采用UML建模,比较好的解决了开发过程中出现的问题,及时的达成了预期的目标。
Since The nearest years, with the development of virtual instrument techniques and distributed object techniques, especially with the network communication technique making marked progress and the swift popularization of Internet, it causes that we may make a breakthrough at time and the limit of district and can connect the apparatus installation of distinct sites by means of the network for the purpose of cooperation. Also the distributed instrument system can make up of single virtual instruments such as the distributed system of measure and control, it can obtain stronger capability of computation, or achieve of the function that single instrument cannot finish. At the same time the development mode and realization technique of virtual instrument also changed from the traditional hardware to software gradually and the corporation of NI even extend this propose, "the software is the instrument ". At present for the sake of sufficiently utilizing the preponderance of Internet to achieve the apparatus to enjoyment and collaboration, more and more instrument start adopting the distributing type software control, and this causes network instrument and distributed instrument.
    The environment of developing distributed instrument (LabScene) is being coming into being below this backdrop, and it interests in supplying software technique about network, and strives to cause that the distributed instrument `s development can be easier and faster and more convenient. The environment of developing distributed instrument (LabScene) is one kind of distributed system that has both the software and hardware and it adopts numerous newly technique. For instance, in the respect of network, it is formed to the system to take the distributed technique. In the respect of integrated technique, LabScene is adopting the integrated technique based on the binary system code, groupware and unification interface. In the respect of operation, it is adopting graphical proxy flow, visual programming method. In the respect of management, LabScene used log file to log the every action of the system. And through entire item we adopt ageing model technique of UML, and draw the merit of the management mode of CMM.
    First of all my article introduces some conception correlating with the distributed instrument and the present situation of distributed instrument developing environment, and points out that the tendency of instrument and it’s development has change from the hardware to software and now it changes to distributed software control. Secondly, in this article it is carefully depicted to the technique adopted in developing LabScene and the theory base, such as: the virtual instrument technique, distributed object technique, object oriented technique, distributed groupware. Especially, the multilayer layer distributed instrument is spreading the three layer network instrument and the research’s importance is changed from sharing the net resources to study and resolve the coordinating of instruments.
    
    Third section is the emphases of this article, we describe those in detail, such as the architectural structure of LabScene, the mainly elements in LabScene, data flow between them and network resource part for model building, designing, interface and the essentials technique. And we also introduce some management and service of the server that against the network resource haves something to do with the server. Essentials in this section also are the main works of the article. It is introduced by following:
    Network topology: The data flow among the LabScene’s main element has been analyzed in detail, and it is pointed out that the NR's network topology has extremely great preponderance in the application, and we analysis operation effectiveness of the system’s data flow.
    The object organization: Utilizing the regions to manage objects in LabScene system and forming hiberarchy for the access control of net resources, LabScene supplies a relatively equilibrium settlement scheme in the interest of the net resource sharing and security throug
引文
OMG, The Common Object Request Broker Architecture and Specification (Version 3.0 July 2002)
    OMG, Unified Modeling Language Specification (Version 1.4 September 2001)
    National Instruments,LabView User Manual,11.1.1998
    Guy Eddon and Henry Eddon,side COM+ Base Services,Microsoft Press,4.1.2000
    Rundong Lau,Object Design & Programming with UML,Hope Press,2001-5
    Mark Allen Weiss,Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C Second Edition,China Machine Press,2003
    OMG,韦乐平,薛君敖,孟洛明,CORBA系统结构、原理与规范,电子工业出版社,2000-11
    Michi Henning,Steve Vinoski,基于C++CORBA高级编程,清华大学出版社,2000-7
    Dirk Slama,Jason Garbis,Perry Russell,CORBA企业解决方案,机械工业出版社,2001-1
    Arno Puder,Kay Romer,MICO-开源CORBA的实现,中国电力出版社,2001-7
    飞思,EJB 应用开发详解,电子工业出版社,2002-1
    Borland/Inprise,Visibroker for Java 开发人员指南,机械工业出版社,2000-11
    Richard Monson-Haefel,Enterprise Java Beans,中国电力出版社 ,2001-3
    P.Otte,P.Patrick,M.Roy,公共对象请求代理体系结构,清华大学出版社,2001
    谭晖,基于CORBA的分布式工作流系统设计,吉林大学硕士论文,2002,P7-10
    Doug Rosenberg, Kendall Scott著,徐海等译,UML用例驱动对象建模一种实践方法,清华大学出版社,2003
    谢宣松,分布式仪器软件平台LabScene的研究与实现,吉林大学硕士论文,2003,P1-P4,P6-P8,P11-P18,P51-P52
    范永凯,网络化虚拟实验室软件平台的研究,吉林大学硕士论文,2003,P14-P19,P22-P26
    侯衍龙,基于UML的面向对象建模技术及应用,南京航空航天大学优秀硕士论文,2002,P11-15
    董福壮,基于CORBA和XML的分布式工作流管理系统的设计与实现,暨南大学优秀硕士论文,2002,P12
    曾焕雯,关于电机实验教学之虚拟实验室设计, 台湾国立师范大学工业教育出版社,1999.7
    Najeh Jisrawi,虚拟实验室环境内的实时实验依阿华州立大学出版社,1999.5
    国防科技大学计算机学院网络技术与信息安全研究所,StarBus成果报告,2000-11
    刘锦德,苏森,CORBA技术的新发展,计算机应用,2002
    周之英,现代软件工程,科学出版社,2000
    
    舒炎泰,薛飞,Internet上的虚拟实验室,电子科学导报,1998.2,P15-18
    张人清,李仁发,虚拟网络实验室原理与方法评述,计算机应用研究,2001,7期,P1-4
    路军,王亚东,王晓龙,BDI Agent 解释器的研究与改进,软件学报[J],2000.8
    李理,胡于进,基于流程动态化的工作流模型设计,计算机工程与应用[J],2001.7
    王宇纲,杨宗源,李术茜,基本规则的脚本生成技术,微型电脑应用[J],1998-4
    郑鹏,林子禹,脚本语言及其应用,武汉大学学报,1999.10
    黄健,郝建国,黄柯棣,HLA的应用与开发,中国计算机世界出版服务公司,2001
    Frederick Kuhi等,付正军,王永红译,计算机仿真中的HLA技术,国防工业出版社,2003
    范永凯,林君,一种三层结构下支持多协议可靠传输数据和命令的实现方法,计算机应用研究, 2002, 19(12):82-84
    林君, 现代科学仪器及其发展趋势, 吉林大学学报(信息科学版), 2002,20(1):1-6
    谢宣松,林君,网络拓扑结构的CORBA解决方案,计算机工程,2003
    谢宣松,林君,业务流程的可配置方法,计算机工程及应用 2002
    范永凯,林君,基于PC机的多客户响应实时数据采集系统的设计, 吉林大学学报,2002

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700